512
	HOOLE'S	TRANSLATION
	Foe	near	to	foe	;	and	on	the	ranquish'd	spread
	The	victor	lies	;	the	living	on	the	dear!	!
	An	undistinguish'd	din	is	heard	around,
	Mix'd	is	the	murmur,	and	coufus'fl	the	souud	:
	The	threats	of	anger,	and	the	soldiers'	cry,
	The	groans	of	those	that	fall,	and	those	that	die.
	The	splendid	arms	that	shone	so	gay	before,
	Now,	sudden	chang'd,	delight	the	eyes	no	more.
	The	steel	has	lost	its	gleam,	the	gold	its	blaze	:
	No	more	the	vary'd	colours	blendtheir	rays:
	Torn	from	the	crest	the	sullied	plumes	tre	lost,
	And	dust	and	blood	deform	the	pomp	of	either	host	!
	Now,	on	the	left,	with	Ethiopia's	train,
	The	Moor?	and	Arabs	wheel	around	the	plain.
	The	slingers	next,	and	archers	from	afar,
	Pour'd	on	the	Franks	a	thick	and	missile	war:
	When	lo	!	Rinaldo	with	his	squadron	came,
	Dire	as	an	earthquake,	swift	as	lightning's	flame	!
	From	Meroe,	first	of	Ethiopia's	bands,
	Full	in	his	passage	Assimirus	stands	:
	Pinaldoreach'd	him,	where	the	sable	head
	Join'd	to	the	neck,	and	mix'd	him	with	the	dead.
	Soon	as	his	sword	the	taste	of	blood	corifess'd,
	New	ardour	kindled	in	the	hero's	breast.
	Throueh	all	the	throng	the	dreadful	victor	storm'd,
	And	deeds	transcending	human	faith	perform'd.
	As,	when	th'	envenom'd	serpent	shoots	along,
	Furious	be	seems	to	dart	a	triple	tongue	:
	At	once	the	chief	appears	three	swords	to	wield,
	And	hurl	a	threefold	vengeance	round	the	field.
	The	swarthy	kings,	the	Libyan	tyrants	die	;
	Dreneh'd	in	each	other's	blood	confus'd	they	lie.
	Fierce	with	the	rest	his	following	friends	engage,
	His	great	example	animate^	their	rage.
	Without	defence	th'	astonish'd	vulgar	fall;
	One	universal	ruin	levels	all	I
	'Twas	war	no	more,	but	carnage	through	the	field	;
	Those	lift	the	sword,	and	these	theirbosoms	yield.
	No	longer	now	the	Pagans	sink,	opprest
	With	wounds	before,	all	honest	on	the	breast;
	Lost	are	their	ranks,	they	fly	with	headlong	fear,
	And	pale	confusion	trembles	in	their	rear	:
	Behind,	Rinaldo	pours	along	the	plain,
	And	breaks	and	scatters	wide	the	timorous	train.
	At	length	his	generous	arm	from	slaughter	ceas'd,
	And	'gainst	a	flying	foe	his	wrath	decreas'd.
	So	when	high	hills	or	tufted	woods	oppose,
	With	double	force	the	wind	indignant	blows	;
	No	more	oppos'd,	no	more	its	rage	prevails,
	But	o'er	the	lawn	it	breathes	in	gentle	gales.
	So	midst	the	rocks	the	sea	resounding	raves,
	But,	unconfin'd,	more	calmly	rolls	its	waves.
	Next	on	the	foot	the	warrior	bent	his	force,
	Where	late	the	Afric	aud	Arabian	horse
	The	squadrons	flank'd	;	but	now	dispers'd	around,
	They	take	their	flight,	or	gasp	upon	the	ground.
	Swift	on	th'	unguarded	files	Rinaldo	flew;
	As	swift	behind	his	brave	compeers	pursue	:[stand,
	Spears,	darts,	and	swo-rds,	in	vain	his	might	with-
	Whole	legions	fall	beneath	his	dreadful	hand!
	Not	with	such	rage	a	bursting	tempest	borne,
	Sweeps	o'er	the	field,	and	mows	the	golden	corn.
	The	streaming	blood	In	purple	torrents	swell'd,
	And	arms	and	mangled	limbs	the	earth	concjcal'd:
	There,	uncontrol'd,	the	foaming	coursers	tread,
	Bound	o'er	the	plain,	and	trample	on	the	dead	!
	Now	came	Rinaldo	where,	with	martial	air,
	Appear'd	Armida	in	her	glittering	car.
	A	train	of	lovers	near	he/	person	wait,
	A	glorious	guard,	the	nobles	of	the	statft!	*	v	.
	She	sees	!	she	knows	!	conflicting	passions	rise.
	Desire	and	anger	tremble	in	her	eyes.
	A	transient	blush	the	hero's	visage	burns	;
	Hut	heat	and	cold	possess	her	heart	by	turns.
	The	knight,	declining	from	the	car,	withdrew,
	Not	unregarded	by	the	rival	crew	;
	Those	lift	the	sword,	and	these	the	lance	protend	j
	Even	she	prepares	her	threatening	bow	to	bend	;
	She	fits	the	shaft,	disdain	her	thoughts	impell'd,
	But	love	awhile	the	purpps'd	stroke	withheld;
	Thrice	in	her	hand	the	missile	reed	she	tries	;
	And	thrice	her	faltering	hand	its	strength	denies.
	At	length	her	wrath	prevails,	she	twangs	the	string,
	And	sends	the	whizzing	arrow	on	the	wing:
	Swift	flies	the	shaft	as	swiftly	flies	her	prayer,
	That	all	its	fury	may	be	spent	in	air	!
	She	hopes,	she	fears,	she	follows	with	her	eye,
	And	marks	the	weapon	as	it	cuts	the	sky.
	The	weapon,	not	unfaithful	to	her	aim,
	Against	the	warrior's	stubborn	corselet	came	:
	Harmless	it	fell	;	aside	the	hero	turn'd	:
	She	deem'd	her	power	despis'd,	her	anger	scorn'd	.
	Again	she	bent	her	bow,	but	fail'd	to	wound,
	While	love	with	surer	darts	her	bosom	found.
	"	And	is	he	then	impervious	to	the	steel	?
	And	fears	he	not,"	she	cried,	"	the	stroke	to	feel
	Does	tenfold	adamant	his	limbs	invest,
	That	adamant	which	guards	his	ruthless	breast	?
	So	well	secur'd,	that	safely	he	defies
	The	sword	of	battle,	or	the	fair	one's	eyes	?
	What	further	arts	for	wretched	me	remain	?
	Attempt	no	more	for	every	art	is	vain	!
	Arm'd	or	disartn'd	an	equal	fate	I	know,
	Alike	contemn'd,	a	lover	or	a	foe	!
	Where	now,	alas	!	is	every	former	bqast	?
	Behold	my	warriors	faint	!	my	hopes	are	lost!
	Against	his	valour	every	strength	must	fail	;
	Nor	courage	can	withstand,	nor	arms	avail	!"
	While	thus	she	thought,	her	champions	round
	she	view'd
	O'erthrown,	or	ta'en,	or	weltering	in	their	blood.
	What	should	she	do	?	alone,	unhelp'd	remain,'
	4lready	now	she	dreads	the	victor's	chain	:
	Nor	dares	(the	bow	and	javelin	at	her	side)
	In	Pallas'	or	Diana's	arms	confide.
	As	when	the	fearful	cygnet	sees	on	high
	The	strong-pounc'd	eagle	stooping	from	the	sky,
	Trembling	she	cowers	beneath	th'	impending	fate;
	So	seein'd	Armida,	such	her	dangerous	state.
	But	Altamorus,	who	from	shameful	flight
	itill	held	the	Persians,	and	maintain'd	the	fight,
	ler	peril	view'd,	and,	careless	of	his	fame,
	rlis	troaps	forsook,	and	to	her	rescue	came.
	With	rapid	sword	he	breaks	amid	the	war,
	And	wheels	around	her,	and	defends	the	car;
	While	dire	destruction	rages	through	his	bands,
	O'erthrown	by	Godfrey	and	Rinaldo's	hands.
	Phi?	sees	th'	unhappy	prince,	but	sees	in	vaiu:
	Armida	succour'd,	now	he	turns	again,
	Jut	flew	too	late	to	assist	his	routed	train	!
	There	all	was	lost	;	a	general	panic	spread;
	Jispers'd,	around	the	broken	Persians	fled,
	n	other	parts	the	fainting	Christians	yield	;
	Two	Roberts	there	in	vain	direct	the	field	;.
	One	scarce	escap'd	with	life;	his	wounded	breast
	\nd	bleeding	front	the	hostile	steel	confess'd	;
	Vhile	fierce	Adrastus	one	his	prisoner	made	:
	Thus	equal	chance	the	dubious	battle	sway'd.
	But	Godfrey	now	his	hardy	narriors^warm'd.
	Again	to	fight	his	ready	bands	he	form'd;


BOOLE'S	TRANSLATION
	There	Death	dppearM	to	hoW	his	horrid	reign,
	There	raise	his	trophies	on	the	dreadful	plain.
	The	soldan	seiz'd	a	steed,	the	coinbat	sought,
	And	sudden	to	the	fainting	Pagans	brought
	A	short	hut	glorious	aid.	So	lightning	flies,
	And	unexpected	falls,	and	instant	dies	;
	But	leaves	in	rifted	rocks,	with	furious	force,
	The	tokens	of	its	momentary	course.
	A	hundred	warriors,	great	in	arms,	he	slew;
	Yet	from	oblivion	Fame	has	snatch'd	but	two.
	O	Edward	and	Gildippe	!	faithful	pair!
	Your	hapless	fate,	your	matchless	deeds	in	war,
	(If	equal	praise	my	Tuscan	Muse	can	give)
	Consign'd	to	distant	times	shall	ever	live	!
	Some	pitying	lover,	when	the	tale	he	hears,
	Shall	grace	your	fortune	and	my	verse	with	tears.
	Th'	intrepid	heroine	spurr'd	her	steed,	and	flew
	To	where	the	raging	Turk	the	troops	overthrew	:
	Two	mighty	strokes	her	valiant	arm	impell'd,
	One	reach'd	his	side,	one	pierc'd	his	plated	shield	;
	The	furious	chief	her	well-known	vest	descried	:
	"	Behold	the	strumpet	with	her	mate,"	he	cried,
	"	Hence	to	thy	female	tasks	!	the	distaff	wield,
	Nor	dare	with	spear	and	.	sword	to	brave	the
	field."
	He	said,	and	dreadful	as	the	words	he	spoke,
	His	thundering	weapon	through	her	corselet	broke	:
	Deep	in	her	breast	the	ruthless	falchion	drove,
	Her	gentle	breast,	the	seat	of	truth	and	love	!
	Her	languid	hand	forgoes	the	useless	rein	;
	Approaching	death	creeps	cold	in	every	vein.
	To	save	his	wife,	unhappy	Edward	flies	!
	Too	late	he	comes	his	lov'd	Gildippe	dies	!
	What	should	he	do	?	distracting	thoughts	prevail,
	Pity	and	wrath	at	once	his	heart	assail	:
	That,	bids	his	arm	a	kind	support	bestow,
	This,	prompts	hisvengeance	on	the	barbarous	foe.
	While	with	his	left	he	seeks	to	hold	the	fair,
	His	better	hand	provokes	th'	unequal	war:
	But	vain	his	effort	to	support	his	bride,	.	'	:	^_'-.
	Or	reach	the	murderous	chief	by	whom	she	died.
	The	sword	the	Pagan	through	his	arm	impell'd,
	That	with	a	fruitless	grasp	liis	consort	held.
	As	when	an	axe	the	stately	elm	invades,
	Or	storms	uproot	it	from	its	native	shades,
	It	falls	and	with	it	falls	the	mantling	vine,
	Whose	curling	folds	its	ample	waist	entwine:
	So	Edward	sunk	beneath	the	Pagan	steel	j
	So,	with	her	Edward,	fair	Gildippe	fell.
	They	strive	to	speak,	their	words	are	lost	in	sighs,
	And	on	their	lips	th'	imperfect	accent	dies.
	Each	other	still	with	mournful	looks	they	view,
	And,	close	embracing,	take	the	last	adieu	:
	Till,	losing	both	the	cheerful	beams	of	light,
	Their	gentle	souls	together	take	their	flight!
	Soon	spreading	Fame	the	dire	event	declares,
	And	soon	the	tidings	to	Rinaldo	bears	:
	Compassion,	grief,	and	wrath	at	once	conspire,
	And	all	his	generous	thoughts	to	vengeance	fire:
	But	first	Adrastus,	in	the	soldan's	sight,
	His	passage	cross'd,	and	dar'd	him	to	the	fight.
	Then	thus	the	king"	By	every	sign	display'd
	-	Thou	sure	art	he	for	whom	my	search	is	made.
	Each	buckler	have	I	long	explor'd	in	vain,
	And	oft	have	call'd	thee	through	th'	embattled
	plain.
	Now	shall	my	former	vows	be	fully	paid,
	'And	justice	sated	with	thy	forfeit	head	:
	Come	!	let	us	here	our	mutual	valour	show,
	Armida's	champion	I,	and	thou	her	foe	!"
	Boastful	he	spoke	;	then	whirl'd	his	flashing	steelj
	Swift,	on	the	Christian's	head	the	tempest	fell	:	-	f
	In	vain	thetemper'd	casque	the	force	withstood	j
	But	oft	the	warrior	in	the	saddle	bow'd	:
	Rinaldo's	falchion	then	Adrastus	found,
	And	in	his	side	impress'd	a	mortal	wound	:
	Prone	falls	the	giant-king,	no	more	a	name	!
	One	fatal	blow	concludes	his	life	and	fame	!
	With	horrour	seiz'd,	the	gazing	Pagans	Stood,
	While	fear	and	wonder	froze	their	curdling	blood.
	Even	Solyman	surpris'd	the	stroke	beheld,
	His	alter'd	looks	his	troubled	thoughts	reveal'd	:
	He	sees	his	doom,	and	(wondrous	to	relate	')
	Suspended	stands	to	meet	approaching	fate.
	But	Heaven's	high	will,	for	ever	uhcontrolPd,
	Unnerves	the	mighty,	and	confounds	the	bold	!
	As	oft	the	sick	in	dreams	attempt	to	fly,
	What	time	the	fainting	limbs	their	speed	deny	t
	In	vain	their	lips	a	vocal	sound	essay,
	Nor	cries	nor	voice	can	find	their	wonted	way.
	So	strove	the	soldan	now	th'	assault	to	dare,
	He	rous'd	his	soul	to	meet	the	threaten'd	war;
	In	vain	no	more	the	thirst	of	fame	prevail'd	j
	His	spirits	droop'd,	his	wonted	vigour	fail'd	;
	He	scorn'd	to	yield	or	fly	:	yet,	unresolv'd,
	A	thousand	thoughts	his	wavering	mind	revolv'd.
	While	thus	he	paus'd,	the	conquering	chief
	drew	nigh,
	Furious	he	rush'd	tremendous	to	the	eye	!
	He	seem'd	to	move	with	more	than	mortal	course,
	And	look'd	a	match	for	more	than	mortal	force.
	The	Pagan	scarce	resists,	yet	even	in	death
	Preserves	his	fame,	and	nobly	yields	his	breath	;
	Nor	shuns	the	sword,	but,	midst	his	ruin	great,
	Without	a	groan	receives	the	stroke	of	fate!
	Thus	he,	who,	when	subdu'd	by	stronger	foes,
	From	every	fall	like	old	Antseus	rose
	With	force	renew'd,	now	reach'd	his	destin'd	hour,
	Amt	press'd	at	length	the	earth,	to	rise	no	more.
	Then	Fame	from	man	to	man	the	tidings	bears	;
	A	doubtful	face	no	longer	Fortune	wears;
	No	longer	then	the	war's	event	suspends,
	But	joins	the	Christians,	and	their	arms	befriendi.
	Soon	from	the	fight	recede	the	regal	band,
	The	pride,	the	strength	of	all	the	eastern	land;
	Once	call'd	Immortal	;	now	the	name	is	lost,
	And	ruin	triumphs	o'er	an	empty	boast	!
	Th'	astonish'd	bearer	with	the	standard	fled,
	Him	Emirenes	stopp'd,	and	sternly	said	:
	"	Art	thou	not	he,	selected	from	the	train,
	Our	monarch's	glorious	banner	to	sustain	?
	'Was	it	for	this	(Oli	!	scandal	to	the	brave	!	)
	That	to	thy	hand	th'	important	charge	I	gave	?
	And	canst	thou,	Rimedon,	thy	chief	survey,
	Yet	basely	leave	him,	and	desert	the	day	?
	What	dost	thou	seek	thy	safety	?	here	it	lies
	With	me	return	death	waits	for	him	who	flies.
	Here	let	him	bravely	fight	who	hopes	to	live;
	Here	honour's	deeds	alone	can	safety	give."
	He	heard,	and	instant	to	the	field	retum'd;
	Disdain	and	shame	his	conscious	bosom-burn	:	d.
	No	less	the	rest	th'	intrepid	chief	retain'd,
	These	urg'd	by	threats,	and	those	by	force	con
	straint.
	"	Who	dares	to	fly	from	yonder	swords,"	he	cries,
	"	Who	dares	to	tremble,	by	this	weapon	dies	!"
	Thus	rang'd	again	his	routed	files	he	view'd,
	The	war	rekindled,	and	his	hopes	renew'd	:
	While	Tisaphernes	with	resistless	might
	Maintaiu'd	the	combat,	and	forbade	the	flight.


OF	JERUSALEM	DELIVERED.	BOOK	XX.
	515
	Brave	deeds	that	clay	renown'd	the	warrior's	hand	;
	His	single	force	dispers'd	the	Norman	band	:
	By	him	werechas'd	the	Flemings	from	the	plain,
	And	Gernier,	Gerrard,	and	Rogero	slain.
	When	acts	like	these	had	grac'd	his	last	of	days,
	And	crown'd	his	short	but	glorious	life	with	praise,
	As	careless	what	succeeding	fate	might	yield,
	He	sought	the	greatest	perils	of	the	field	;
	He	saw	Rinaldo,	well	the	youth	he	knew,
	Though	all	his	arms	were	dy'd	to	sanguine	hue.
	"	Lo	!	there	the	terrour	of	the	plain,"	he	cries,
	"	May	Heaven	assist	my	daring	enterprise	!
	So	shall	Armida	her	revenge	obtain:
	O	Macon!	let	my	sword	this	conquest	gain,
	And	his	proud	arms	shall	hang	devoted	in	thy
	fane."
	Thus	pray'dthe	knight:	his	words	are	lost	in	air,
	3^o	Macon	hears	his	unavailing	prayer.
	As	the	bold	lion,	eager	to	engage,
	With	lashing	tail	provokes	his	native	rage	:
	So	fares	the	furious	warrior	;	love	inspires,
	Swells	all	his	soul,	and	rouses	all	his	fires.
	He	bears	aloft	his	shield	;	he	spurs	his	steed	;
	The	Latian	hero	rush'd	with	equal	sped.
	At	once	they	meet;	at	once,	on	either	hand,
	In	deep	suspense	the	gazing	armies	stand.
	Such	skill,	such	courage,	either	champion	shows,
	So	swift	their	weapons,	and	so	fierce	their	blows	;
	Each	side	awhile	forget	their	wonted	rage,
	And	drop	their	arms,	to	see	the	chiefs	engage.
	In	vain	the	Pagan	strikes;	secur'd	from	harms,
	The	Christian	combats	in	ethereal	arms	:
	From	him	more	fatal	every	stroke	descends;
	The	foe	from	wounds	no	temper'd	steel	defends	;
	His	shield	is	rent	away,	his	helm	is	hew'd,
	And	the	plain	blushes	with	a	stream	of	blood.
	The	fair	enchantress,	who	the	fight	survey'd,
	Beheld	how	fast	her	champion's	strength	decay'd.
	She	saw	the	rest,	a	pale	and	heartless	train,
	That	scarce	from	flight	their	trembling	feet	restrain;
	Till	she,	who	iate	such	guards	around	her	view'd,
	Alone,	forsaken,	in	her	chariot	stood	:
	She	loathes	the	light,	and	servitude	she	fears,
	Of	conquest	or	revenge	alike	despairs.
	Then,	leaping	from	her^car	in	pale	affright,
	She	mounts	a	steed,	and	takes	her	speedy	flight.
	But,	like	two	hounds	that	snuff	the	tainted	dw,
	Anger	and	love	her	parting	steps	pursue.
	When	Cleopatra,	by	her	fears,	betray'd,
	Of	old	from	Actium's	fatal	conflict	fled	;
	And	left,	to	Ca3sar's	happier	arms	expos'd,
	Her	Roman	lord	5	with	perils	round	enclos'd	j
	He	soon,	forgetful	of	his	former	fame,
	Spread	every	sail	to	join	the	flving	dame	:
	So	Tisaphernes	(but	his	foe	withstood)
	Had	from	the	field	Armida's	flight	pursu'd	:
	His	fair	one	vanish'd	from	his	longing	Jpyes,
	The	Sun	seem'd	blotted	from	the	cheerful	skies	:
	Fierce	at	Rinaldo	then,	in	wild	despair,
	He.rais'd	aloft	his	vengeful	blade	in	air.
	Not	with	such	weight,	to	frame	the	forky	brand,
	The	ponderous	hammer	falls	from	Brontes'	hand.
	Full	on	his	front	the	thundering	stroke	he	sent	:
	Beneath	the	force	the	staggering	warrior	bent	;
	But	soon	recovering,	whirl'd	his	beaming	sword	:
	The	thirsty	point	the	Pagan's	bosom	gor'd	;
	A	furious	passage	through	his	cuirass	made,
	Till	at	his	back	appear'd	the	reeking	blade:
	*	Mark	Anthony.
	The	steel,	drawn	forth,	a	double	vent	supplied;
	The	soul	came	floating	in	a	purple	tide.
	Rinaldo,	pausing,	cast	around	his	view,
	To	mark	what	friends	to	aid,	what	foes	pursue.
	Wide	o'er	the	field	he	sees	the	Pagans	fly	;
	On	earth	their	broken	arms	and	ensigns	lie.
	And	now	his	thoughts	recall	th'	unhappy	fair
	Who	furious	fled	abandon'd	to	despair	;
	Her	woeful	state	might	well	his	pity	claim,
	Her	love	neglected,	and	her	ruin'd	fame	:
	For	still	in	mind	his	tender	faith	he	bore,
	Her	champion	plighted	when	he	left	her	shore.
	Then,	where	her	rapid	courser's	track	he	view'd,
	Th'	impatient	knight	the	flying	dame	pursu'd.
	Meanwhile	Armida	chanc'd	a	vale	to	find
	That	seem'd	for	dire	despair	and	death	design'd	:
	Well-pleas'd	herself	she	saw	by	fate	convey'd
	To	end	her	woes	in	such	a	grateful	shade.
	There,	'lighting	from	her	steed,	she	laid	aside
	Her	bow,	her	quiver,	all	her	martial	pride.
	"	Unfaithful	arms	!"	she	cries,	"	essay'd	in	vain,
	Return'd	unbath'd	from	such	a	sanguine	plain	;
	Here	buried	lie,	and	prove	the	field	no	more,
	Since	you	so	ill	aveng'd	the	wrongs	I	bore.
	If	vainly	thus	at	other	hearts	you	fly,
	Dare	you	a	female's	wretched	bosom	try	?
	Here	enter	mine,	that	naked	meets	the	blow,
	Here	raise	your	trophies,	here	your	triumph	show	!
	Love	knows	how	well	this	breast	admits	the	dart;
	Love,	that	so	deep	has	pierc'd	my	tender	heart!
	Unblest	Armida	!	what	is	now	thy	fate.
	When	this	alone	can	cure	thy	wretched	state	?
	The	weapon's	point	must	heal	the	wound	of	Love,
	And	friendly	Death,	my	heart's	physician	prove.
	Fond	Love,	farewell	!	but	come,	thou	fell	Disdain	!
	For	ever	partner	with	my	ghost	remain;
	Together	let	us	rise	from	realms	below,
	To	haunt	th'	ungrateful	author	of	my	woe;
	To	bring	dire	visions	to	his	fearful	sight,
	And	fill	with	horrour	every	sleepless	night	!"
	Sheceas'd	j	and,	fix'd	her	mournful	life	to	close.
	The	sharpest	arrow	from	her	quiver	chose;
	When	lo	!	Rinaldo	came	and	saw	the	fair
	So	near	the	dreadful	period	of	despair:
	Already	now	her	frantic	hand	she	rear'd,
	And	death	already	in	her	looks	appear'd	:
	He	rush'd	behind	her,	and	restrain'd	the	dart;
	The	fatal	point	just	bent	against	her	heart.
	Armida	turn'd,	and	straurht	the	knight	beheld,
	(Unheard	he	came,	and	sudden	stood	reveal'd)
	Surpris'd	she	sees,	and,	shrieking	with	affright,
	From	his	lov'd	face	averts	her	angry	sight;
	She	faints	!	she	sinks	!	as	falls	a	tender	flower,
	Whose	feeble	stem	supports	the	head	no	more	:
	His	arms	he	threw	around	her	lovely	waist,
	Her	weight	supported,	and	her	zone	unbrac'd;
	While,	gently	bending	o'er	the	fair	distrest,
	His	sorrows	bath'd	her	face	and	lovely	breast.
	As,	wet	with	pearly	drops	of	morning	dews,
	The	drooping	rose	her	wonted	grace	renews:
	So	she,	recovering	soon,	her	visage	rears,
	All	moist	and	trickling	with	her	lover's	tears.
	And	thrice	she	rais'd	her	eyes	the	youth	to	view,
	Thrice	from	his	face	her	sight	averse	withdrew.
	Oft	from	the	strict	embrace	in	vain	she	strove,
	Wiih	languid	hand,	his	stronger	arm	to	move:
	The	pitying	warrior	still	his	grasp	retain'd,
	And	closer	to	his	breast	the	damsel	strain'd	:
	At	length,	as	thus	in	dear	restraint	she	lay,
	Her	words	with	gushing	torrents	found	their	way	:


LACNIAN
	599
	Ionian.	Add:	Lacnie	medor,	Wrt.	Voc.	ii.	58,	45.	'We	lacno-
	d	>n	Babylon,	and	hio	deah	ne	weard	gehSled'.	Donne	bid	Babyl6n
	g	:lacnad,	nales	deah	fulllce	gehaeled.	.	.	.	'	curavimus	Babylonem,	et	non
	e	t	sonata.'	Babylon	quippe	cnratur,	nee	tamen	ad	sanitatem	reducilur,
	list.	267,	9	Halwende	cleoban	lacniende	medicinale	cataplasma	pro-
	c	irons,	An.	Ox.	19/4.	Mid	Ucnienduni	tfilum	medicinalibus	inslru-
	n	entis,	3047.	v.	un-lacnod,	and	next	word.
	lacnigend-lic.	Add	:	Mid	lacniendlicum	tolum	instrumentis	medi-
	c	nalibus,	Hpt.	Gl.	478,	2.	v.	un-lacnigendlic.
	Lacnung.	Add:	I.	healing,	medical	care:	Stadium	vel	medecina,
	i	tratio	vel	lacnung	vel	gymen	vel	hogu,	Wrt.	Voc.	ii,	137,	59.	Ne
	cinn	ic	naht	on	lacnunge,	Hml.	S.	22,	41.	Wite	he	baet	he	}>a	gymenne
	J	ira	umtrumra	saula	to	rihtre	lacnunge	underfeng	noverit	se	infirmarum
	c	iram	suscepisse	animarum,	R.	Ben.	51,	12.	Gif	he	his	seocum	dxdum
	(	ille	lacnunge	gegearewade	si	morbidis	eantm	aclibus	universa	fuerit
	i	tra	exhibita,	II,	5.	II.	a	medicine,	medicament,	means	of	heal-
	i	ig	:	f>a	halan	lasces	ne	lacnunge	ne	behofiad,	R.	Ben.	50,	19.
	1	ac[nunge]	mtdecinae,	An.	Ox.	382:	medicamine,	4352.	Lacnunge,
	<	.iban	cataplasma,	3050.	Godcundra	myngunga	sealfunga,	haligra
	i	ewrita	lacnunga	unguenta	adhortationtim,	medicamina	scriplurarum
	i^ivinarum,	R.	Ben.	52,	12.
	lac-sang.	Add:	cf.	offrung-sang.
	lactuca.	Add:	Gif	se	rica	agylte,	brea	hine;	bonne	ytst	bu	bine
	<4stru	mid	grenum	lactucum,	mid	biternesse.	j>	wat	call	ceorlisc	folc
	">	grene	lactucas	beod	bitere	;	swa	synt	ba	rtcan	men	to	breagenne,
	.vngl.	viii.	323,	22.
	lacu.	For	'A	pool	.	.	.	lake	'	substitute	:	A	stream,	water-course,	and
	:	dd	:	In	austral!	atque	in	occidente	babens	torrentem	cuius	uocabulum
	'iscesburne	...	in	oriente	aquam	quae	Anglorum	lingua	Lake	nominatur
	iabens,	quae	est	duarum,	quae	ibi	stint,	ulterior	.	.	.	Insuper	memoratam
	quam,	id	est	Fiscesburnam	.	.	.,	C.	D.	i.	122,	31.	On	scegbroc	od	seo
	icu	scyt	west	banon	fit	on	haidfeld,	C.	D.	B.	iii.	624,	19.	OJ>	wog-
	^awilllacu	ut	scyt	;	on	ba	lace	od	wocggawilles	heafod,	Cht.	E.	266,	24.
	!e	healfan	streme	intS	Sandfordes	laece	;	swS	andlang	dsere	lace	into
	landforda	;	of	Sandforda	east	andlang	daere	lace,	C.	D.	iv.	134,	21-24.
	Dd	da	lace;	andlang	lace	fit	on	Temese,	v.	302,	34:	330,	28:	vi.	2,
	12:	vi.	8,	26.	On	ba	fulan	lace,	v.	13,	22.	On	streiim	o]i	ba	laca
	Slicgab,	Cht.	Crw.	3,	12.	^	as	second	part	of	a	compound	:	Ut
	>n	aesclace	daer	jesclace	fyld	fit	on	Wuorf	...	of	dsere	ealdan	die	on
	jrindewylles	lace	...	on	jEttanpennes	lace,	C.	D.	vi.	48,	8-14.	On
	>r6mlace	;	donne	andlang	streames,	iii.	452,	13.	On	da	gemSrlace	;
	indlang	lace,	vi.	8,	26.	On	ba	mierlace,	9,	2.	On	sandlace	;	andlang
	;andlice	to	ceoles	Tge,	v.	303,	3.	[v.	N.	E.	D.	lake,	and	see	Cht.	E.
	465	:	Cht.	Crw.	54!]	v.	fisc-,	msed-lacu.
	lad.	II.	Add:	In	monasterio	quod	iuxta	ostium	aquilonale
	ftuminis	Genladae	posituni	Raculfe	nuncupattir,	Bd.	5,	8.	Haec	sunt
	termina	huius	agri	.	.	.	ab	aquilone	genlad,	C.	D.	i.	238,	6.	[v.	D.	D.
	yenlade	;	Halliwell	Diet,	yenlet.]	IV.	Add:	Ii	In	the	phrase
	cyrcan	lad,	which	seems	sometimes	(?)	to	have	the	same	meaning	as
	ciric-sceat.	All	the	following	passages	occur	in	charters	of	Oswald,
	bishop	of	Worcester	:	Si	hit	selces	binges	freoh	butan	ferdfare	and
	walgeworc	and	brycggeworc	and	circanlade,	C.	D.	iii.	5,	14	:	159,	31.
	The	corresponding	forms	in	Latin	are	seen	in	the	following	passages	:
	Sit	praediclum	rus	liberum	ab	omni	mundiali	seruitio	.	.	.	excepta	sanctae
	Dei	basilicae	suppeditatione	ac	ministratione,	173,	30:	241,	35.
	Exeptis	snctDei	aecclesiae	necessitatibusus	atque	utilitatibus,	177,	32,
	Libera	omnis	rei	nisi	aecclesiastici	census,	212,	29:	259,	23	261,	15.
	Aeclesiastici	census,	id	est	duos	modios	de	mtindo	grano,	ii.	386,	30.
	Aecclesiae	manus	et	septiltura	praesulis	in	Wigurna	ceastre	ditioni
	deueniat	;	alias	plena	glorietur	libertate,	excepta	expeditione	rata,	pontis
	arcisue	constructione,	385,	15.	V.	leading,	guiding	:	Blind	gif
	blinde	lat	forelsedas	caecus	si	caeco	ducatum	praesfet,	Mt.	L.	15,	14.
	v.	corn-,	from,	ofer-,	wudu-lad.
	lad.	I.	Add:	Lad	excussatio,	Wrt.	Voc.	ii.	146,	25.	Heora	x\c
	oberne	myngige	baet	ba	slapulan	nane	lade	naebben	(propter	somnolento-
	rum	excusationes},	R.	Ben.	47,	1	7.	II.	Add	:	Gif	hwa	beof	fridige,	sy
	he	emscyldig	wid	me	ba	be	J>eof	scolde,	bfiton	he	hine	mid	fulre	lade	witt
	me	geclaensian	maege,	Cht.	E.	231,	I.	III.	(mistaken	for)	accusation	:
	Fram	brim	ondred	''eorte	min	....	lade	(delaturam)	ceastre,	Scint.
	224,	17.
	ladian.	I.	In	1.	3	read	241	for	244,	and	add:	(i)	to	clear,	excuse,
	defend	a	person	:	Manigra	manna	gewuna	is	dan	hie	hi4	mid	dissum
	wordum	iadiad	and	cuedad	:	'	We	brucad	fires	aegnes,	ne	gttsige	we	nanes
	5dres	monnes,'	Past.	337,	19:	439,21.	Sume	Jia	biscopas	widstSdan	strang-
	lice	and	scyldon	and	ladedon	ba	s5dfsestnesse	quidam	in	defensione	veritatis
	episcopi	persistentes,	Gr.	D.	240,	IO.	(i	a)	to	clear	of	a	charge,	Past.
	308,	7	(in	Diet.).	(2)	to	excuse	a	fault,	Ors.	5,	2	;	S.	216,	31	(in	Diet.').
	ladigend-lio.	Add	:	v.	be-ladigendlic.
	lad-mann.	Add:	pa	cwaed	Esau	:	'	Ic	bidde	be	baet	bu	nyme	be
	ladmenn	of	mlnum	geferum,	bast	be	wegas	wissigeon;	Gen.	33,	15.
	[v.	N.	E.	D.	lodeman.]
	lad-rinc.	For	'	The	word,	.	.	.	vehicularius	'	substitute:	In	attempt-
	ing	to	determine	the	meaning	of	this	word	it	should	be	noticed	that	lad
	in	all	its	other	compounds,	Idd-mann,	-scipe,	-teak,	-teow,	has	the	force
	of	leading,	guidance.	The	lad-rinc	seems	to	be	a	guide,	and	his	special
	character	in	the	passage	given	above	may	be	inferred	from	the	following
	passage	:	Si	aduenae	de	aliis	regionibus	aduenirent,	debebant	ducatum
	habere	ad	aliam	regalem	uillam	quae	proxima	fuisset	in	illorum	uia,
	C.	D.	v.	159,	S-II.	Cf.	too:	duclor,	qui	ad	conducendum	aliquem	in
	via	per	alterius	regionem	datus	est	a	quovis	principe,	Migne.
	lad-Hoipo.	Add:	Ladscipe	ducatum.	(See	passage	under	lad	;	V.)
	Iad-te6w.	Add:	[	from	lad-beow].	I.	a	leader,	guide	:	Ne
	forlset	us,	ac	beo	fire	ladeow	(dnctor),	ilfi	cans	eal	dis	westen,	and	wasd
	hwier	we	wician	magon,	Past.	304,	15.	II.	a	military	leader,
	general:	Marcellinus,	luliuses	ladteow,	Ors.	5,	12;	S.	240,	24.
	Alexandres	sefterfolgeras	wseron	gehatene	ladteowas,	3,	II;	S.	150,	8.
	Pompeiuses	legian	mid	his	brim	ladteowum	Pompeiani	duces	cum
	legionibus,	5,	12;	S.	240,	21.	v.	&-	(Ps.	Vos.	9,	21),	fore-ladte6w	;
	laittewestre.
	Iadte6w-dom.	Add	:	Under	Iatteowd6m	sub	(disciplini)	pedagogio,
	An.	Ox.	3014.
	ladung.	I.	Add:	p	se	man	gecyrre	fram	his	synnum,	gif	he	wile,
	odde	he	butan	ladunge	losie	mid	ealle,	Hml.	A.	62,	265.
	-leeca.	For	ag-	/.	ag-,	and	add:	v.	ge-leca	:	Iffican.	Add:	v.
	cneord-,	cfib-,	cyb-,	fa-	(tae-),	fremed-,	ge-,	gecneord-,	gecfib-,	gecyb-,
	geed-,	gel5m-,	geong-,	gesamod-,	ge-swses-,	gebwjer-,	gewundor-,	swses-,
	fwier-,	wiber-lxcan	:	leeccan.	Add:	v.	a-lzccan	;	lacan	;	IV.
	leeooan	(?)	to	blame,	find	fault	with	[v.	N.	E.	D.	lack	;	5].	v.	on-
	leccan.
	Iseccung	(?),	e;	/.	Blaming:	F)a	fordgad	of	welerum	minum	ne
	onsien	(faciem	seems	to	have	been	read)	on	leccungae	(to	bysmre,	Ps.
	Spl.	C.)	quae	procediint	de	labiis	meis	non	faciam	irrita,	Ps.	Cant.	88,
	35.	[v.	A^.	E.	D.	lacking,	and	see	bracket	at	end	o/laecing	in	Dut.~\
	leece.	I.	Add:	Leaces	sex	camilema,	Wrt.	Voc.	i.	22,	28.	v.
	riht-,	un-,	weorold-lsece.	II.	Add:	On	Iseces	mere,	C.	D.	v.	325,
	19.	On	Ijecemere,	vi.	72,	25.	To	Iseces	t'orda,	9,	II.	On	Izces	ford,
	1	20,	9.
	-l&ce,	an	;	/.	v.	sctn-lsece	:	-Iffioe;	adj.	v.	eab-lzce	and	efen-ljece.
	leece-oist,	e;	/.	A	medicine	chest:	Fundon	hi	ba	ahydde	mancas
	in	his	Izcecyste	aureos	invenerunt	absconsos	in	medicamine,	Gr.	D.
	344.	>7-
	Ifeoe-orseft.	Add:	I.	the	art	of	medicine:	Laicecrseft	medicina,
	An.	Ox.	3124.	Waes	sum	munuc,	bam	waes	nama	lusttis,	se	waes
	gelaired	on	larcersefte	(medicinali	arte	imbutus},	Gr.	D.	344*	^	:	!!
	He	axode	gif	he	cude	aht	on	IScecrzfte,	Hml.	S.	22,	40.	II.	medical
	treatment	:ty	word	wind	on	us	swa	swa	wts	laice	ded	be	mid	stiduni
	Ixcecraefte	gelacnad	bone	untruman,	Hml.	A.	6,	129.	III.	a	recipe,
	remedy,	medicine:	Lsececraeftas	(cf.	lakedomas,	44,	7)	wij>	healsgunde,
	Lch.	ii.	2,	16.	[v.	N.E.D.	leechcraft.]
	Ieeoe-d6m.	Add:	I.	healing:	Medecina,	ys	Isecedomes	craeft,
	Shrn.	152,	17.	Se	getyda	Isece	daes	heofonlican	Isecedomes	jegder	ge	da
	halan	Igrde	ge	dam	unhalum	Isecedom	eowde	peritus	medicinae	coelestis
	apostolus	non	lam	sanos	instituit,	quam	injirmis	medicamenta	mon-
	stravit,	Past.	397,	15-17.	He	forgeaf	wanhalum	mannum	mid	his
	worde	Isecedom,	Hml.	S.	22,	24.	II.	a	medicine,	remedy:	Laecedom
	malagma,	i.	medecinam,	An.	Ox.	375.	Cleofan,	Ijecedom	cataplasma,
	\.	medicamentum,	1973.
	Iseoeddm-ness.	Add:	Lieced6mnessa	cataplasma,	Wrt.	Voc.	ii.
	8r,5.v
	leeoe-flnger.	Add:	Middelfinger	medius,	laecefinger	medicus,	Wrt.
	Voc.	ii.	58,	6.	[v.	N.	E.	D.	leech-	finger.]
	leece-getawu	;	pi.	n.	Medical	apparatus	:	Hi	wjeron	geondsmeagende
	call	his	laecegetea.	)?a	fundon	hi	ba	mancas	in	his	IjEcecyste	illius	omnia
	medicamenta	perscrntantes	aureos	invenerunt	in	medicamine,	Gr.	D.
	344,	1	6.
	lEece-iren,	es	;	.	A	lancet	:	He	asette	his	liecelren	(medicinale	ferra-
	mentum,	id	est	phlebotomum}	on	mine	tungan,	Gr.	D.	32,	25.
	-Iseoend,	-leecere,	-leeoestre.	v.	efen-lsecend,	-Isecere,	-Isecestre.
	leeoe-wyrht,	e	;	/.	Leech-work,	medical	treatment	:	Min	adlige
	cneow	is	yfele	gehaefd,	bast	ne	mihte	nan	Isecewyrht	awiht	gelidian,	beah
	de	heo	gelome	to	geled	waere	(diu	est	quod	molestia	genu	tumentis
	oppressus	nulla	cujuslibet	medicorum	industria	possum	sanari,	Vit.	Cuth.
	c.	2),	Hml.	Th.	ii.	134,	33.
	leeoe-wyrt.	I.	Add:	Abgarus	wundrode	ji	he	weard	gehaeled	butan
	Uecewyrtum	burn	daes	Hailendes	word,	Hml.	S.	24,	160.
	leeoing.	Dele,	and	see	lasccung	:	-leecne.	v.	eab-laecne	:	-l&oness.
	v.	gelom-,	brist-laecness	:	leecung.	Add:	[v.	N.E.D.	leeching.]:
	-Ifficuiig.	v.	ed-,	efen-,	gedyrst-,	gelom-,	gebrist-,	nea[h]-,	riht-laecung.
	Itcdan.	Add:	I.	to	cause	to	move	(liban)	with,	oneself,	(i)	to	bring
	or	take	a	person	to	a	place	or	person,	(a)	with	the	person's	consent	:
	Ezechias	lasdde	da	aelldeodgan	serenddracan	on	his	madmhus,	Past.
	39,	3.	Orfeus	lasdde	his	wlf	mid	him	ob	be	he	com	on	1>	gemfire


TWENTY	YEAKS	AMONG	THE	MEXICANS.	19
	CHAPTER	II.
	What	wilt	Thou	have	me	to	do?	My	labors	must	be	beyond
	the	bounds	of	New	England	Wants	of	the	Valley	of	the
	Mississippi	Two	years	in	Kentucky;	thence	to	the	St:it&lt;&gt;
	of	Mississippi	Delighted	with	the	"Sunny	South"	Must
	divest	myself	of	love	of	place	merely	from	its	worldly	at
	tractions.
	MY	Master,	I	felt	assured,	accepted	this	consecra
	tion	which,	from	my	heart,	I	had	thus	made,
	and	from	thenceforth	I	regarded	myself	pledged.
	to	perform	such	work	as	He	might	assign	me.	I
	was	impressed	that	my	mission	would	be	among
	the	needy	and	destitute	;	consequently	beyond	the
	bounds	of	New	England.	From	the	period	of	this
	consecration	a	series	of	trials	commenced	which
	seemed	especially	appointed	by	God	to	test	the
	sincerity	and	depth	of	my	motives.	The	Muster,
	I	felt	assured,	was	trying	my	spirit	as	silver	is
	tried,	in	order	to	prepare	me	for	some	special
	work.	With	the	full	conviction	that	in	due	time
	my	life	s	mission	would	be	shown	me,	I	endeav
	ored	to	"	be	faithful	over	the	few	things,"	and	ap
	plied	myself	with	earnest	devotion	to	a	thorough
	preparation,	and	also	to	teaching	the	young,	both
	in	gabbath	and	week-day	schools.	During	those
	years	of	waiting	and	preparing,	at	intervals	would
	light	from	heaven	shine	upon	my	pathway	as	upon


INDEX	VOLS.	I.	TO	L.
	421
	Poet,	the,	by	Archseus,	xlii.	576.
	Poet,	the	youug,	his	anxieties	on	his	first
	appearance,	xx.	686	Christopher
	North	on	the,	xxiii.	815	his	educa-
	tion,	xxvii.	421	his	alleged	unfitness
	for	domestic	life,	xxix.	7	et	seq.
	Poet's	answer,	the,	xxvi.	961.
	Poet's	Bridal	day	song,	the,	xvii.	98.
	Poet's	den,	the,	xix.	82.
	POET'S	DYING	HYMN,	THE,	by	Mrs	He-
	mans,	xxxi.	622.
	Poet's	Home,	the,	by	Archseus,	xlii.	577.
	Poet's	Mind,	the,	by	Tennyson,	xxxi.
	727.
	POETS,	a	sonnet,	by	the	Sketcher,	xxxix.
	778.
	POETS,	INACCURACIES	OF,	IN	NATURAL
	HISTORY,	IV.	159.
	POETS,	WHY	PROFESSIONAL	MEN	ARE	IN-
	DIFFERENT,	viii.	415.
	POETS,	WHY	INDIFFERENT	CRITICS,	X.	180.
	POETS,	LOVES	OF	THE,	xxvi.	524.
	POETS,	LESSON	TO,	by	R.	M.	Milnes,
	xlvii.	361.
	Poets,	Odoherty's	imitations	of,	ix.	134
	of	the	people,	English	and	Scotch,	xx.
	626	their	peculiarities	as	opposed	to
	Sketchers,	xxi.	353	the	prose	of,	xxii.
	374	great	and	small,	493	on	the
	biography	of	great,	xxiii.	362	et	seq.
	their	general	character,	xxx.	247
	absence	of	great,	xxxi.	276	epigrams
	on	the	Greek,	xxxiv.	973	personal
	affection	awakened	for	them,	xxxvi.
	542	eminent	Scottish,	xxxvii.	287
	and	English,	ib.	on	anniversaries	in
	honour	of	them,	xxxviii.	112	remarks
	on	modern,	xxxix.	266	on	the	Night-
	ingale,	xliii.	88.
	Poetasters,	modern,	xxvi.	847	et	seq.
	POETIC	ART,	LETTER	FROM	A	SENIOR	FEL-
	LOW	ON	THE,	xxvii.	706.
	Poetic	diction,	Wordsworth's	views	on,
	xlix.	361.
	POETIC	INSPIRATION,	ON,	viii.	362.
	Poetic	Mirror,	Hogg's,	remarks	on,	x.
	49.
	Poetical	character,	the,	from	llichter,	xl.
	385.
	POETICAL	DESCRIPTION,	WHAT,	xlv.	529.
	POETICAL	AND	DEVOTIONAL	SUPERSTITIONS
	OF	ITALY,	THE,	xxvi.	55.
	POETICAL	EPISTLES	AND	TRANSLATIONS,
	review	of,	i.	626.
	Poetical	faith,	the	Sketcher	on,	xxxiv.
	874.
	Poetical	genius,	essential	unity	of,	xxx.
	350.
	Poetical	jurisprudence,	proposed	course
	of	lectures	on,	xli.	789.
	Poetical	language,	remarks	on,	xlv.	141.
	Poetical	personification,	examples	of,
	xlvii.	801	et	seq.
	POETICAL	PORTRAITS,	by	a	modern	Pytha
	gorean,	xxvii.	632.
	POETICAL	STYLE,	PROGRESSIVE	CHANGE	OF,
	vi.	363.
	Poetical	temperament,	variety	of	cir-
	cumstances	amid	which	developed,
	xxvii.	421.
	POETICAL	TRANSLATIONS	WIFFEN,	ROSE,
	AND	GowER,xiv.	26.
	POETRY,	HAZLITT'S	LECTURES	ON,	No.	I.,
	Lecture	first,	On	poetry	in	general,	ii.
	556	Lecture	second,	On	Chaucer	and
	Spenser,	558	Lecture	third,	On
	Shakespeare	and	Milton,	560	No.	II.,
	Lecture	fourth,	On	Dryden	and	Pope,
	679	Lecture	fifth,	On	Thomson	and
	Cowper,	681	Lecture	sixth,	683
	No.	HI.,	Lecture	seventh,	On	Burns
	and	the	old	ballads,	iii.	71	Lecture
	eighth,	On	the	Living	Poets,	72.
	POETRY,	THE	COCKNEY	SCHOOL	OF,	No.	I.,
	Leigh	Hunt,	ii.	38	No.	II.,	Leigh
	Hunt's	story	of	Rimini,	194	No.	III.,
	Leigh	Hunt,	453	No.	IV.,	Keats,	519
	No.	V.,	Leigh	Hunt's	prose	essays,
	v.	97	No.	VI.,	Leigh	Hunt's	Foliage,
	vi.	70	No.	VII.,	Leigh	Hunt's	Art	of
	Love,	xii.	775	No.	VIII.,	his	Bacchus
	in	Tuscany,	xviii.	155	the	Age	of
	Bronze,	xiii.	457	Hunt's	Ultra	Crepi-
	darius,	xv.	86.	See	also	Cockney
	School.
	POETRY,	THE	LAKE	SCHOOL	OF,	No.	I.,
	Wordsworth's	White	Doe	of	Rylstone,
	iii.	369	No.	II.,	On	the	habits	of
	thought	inculcated	by	Wordsworth,
	iv.	257	-No.	III.,	Coleridge,	vi.	3.
	POETRY,	CAMPBELL'S	ESSAY	ON,	reviewed,
	iv.	696,	v.	217.
	POETRY,	&c.,	ON	LECTURES	AT	PUBLIC	IN-
	STITUTIONS	ON,	vi.	162.
	POETRY,	THE	LEG	OF	MUTTON	SCHOOL	OF,
	No.	L,	ix.	345.
	POETRY,	PROSPECTIVE	LETTER	CONCERN-
	ING,	x.	125.
	POETRY,	HOW	FAR	is	IT	AN	ART,	xi.	1	53.
	POETRY,	REMARKS	CONNECTED	WITH	THE
	CRITICISM	OF,	xvii.	74.
	POETRY,	AN	HOUR'S	TALK	ABOUT,	xxx.
	475.
	POETRY,	FEMALE	CHARACTERS	IN	MODERN,
	No.	I.,Kailyal	on	the	Curse	of	Kehama,
	xxxvii.	815	No.	II.,	Oneiza	in	Tha-
	laba,	xxxviii.	128.
	POETRY,	THE	PHILOSOPHY	OF,	xxxviii.
	827.
	POETRY,	SONNETS	ON	THE	OFFICES	AND
	FORTUNES	OF,	by	W.	A.	Butler	Its
	practice,	xxxix.	453	unwritten,	ib.
	mistrusted,	ib.	in	action,	454	its
	impulse,	ib.	its	creed,	ib.	its	death,
	455	its	revival	and	immortality,	ib.
	POETRY	BY	OUR	NEW	CONTRIBUTOR,	xlii.
	573	Prose	and	song,	576	Dreaming
	and	Waking,	ib.	The	poet,	ib.	The
	tomb	of	Simonides,	577	an	epitaph,
	t'6.	Tho	poet's	home,	ib.	The	peni-


32	MORAL	BEARING.
	MORAL	BEARING.
	In	its	true	sense,	there	is	no	duty	which	appeals	more
	forcibly	to	the	better	faculties	of	the	mind,	than	tnis	of
	the	scientific	education	and	subjection	of	horses.	We
	have	to	study	the	principles	of	addressing	and	controlling
	the	animal's	reason	most	successfully.	We	are	not	only
	able	to	see	the	necessity	and	value	of	restraining	and	con-
	trolling	our	own	bad	impulses	of	feeling,	but	of	being	gov-
	erned	by	the	higher	faculties	of	reason,	to	win	success.	It
	is	seen	that	to	be	hasty	and	passionate,	to	be	excited	by
	drink,	or	other	causes,	to	whip	and	abuse	the	horse,	while
	it	does	not	show	or	teach	any	thing	that	is	desired	to	be
	done,	is	not	only	a	direct	cause	of	exciting	the	animal's
	fear	and	bad	nature,	and	thereby	of	being	spoiled,	but	is	a
	cause	of	the	greatest	abuse.	Now,	making	a	horse	stub-
	born	and	unmanageable,	will	naturally	make	a	man	mad
	and	reckless,	and	thereby	trouble	is	only	increased,	which
	defeats	success	;	while,	guided	by	right	principles,	and	ac-
	cording	to	the	laws	of	the	case,	we	are	all	the	time	elevat-
	ing	the	better	side,	and	restraining	the	worst	side,	of	our
	nature.	We	are	at	once	nol;	only	able	to	remove	and	over-
	come	all	the	main	causes	of	annoyance	and	failures	by	this
	knowledge,	but	it	serves	to	bring	in	all	ways	to	view	most
	clearly	the	light	of	self-examination	which	stimulates
	thought,	as	well	as	sweetens	and	elevates	the	feelings	to
	a	greater	exertion	for	success.
	Will	you	be	patient	?	Will	you	try	to	be	guided	by	the
	principles	and	laws	which	I	have	shown	to	be	so	simple,
	yet	so	far-reaching	and	valuable,	that	have	cost	me	so
	many	years'	experiment	and	persistent	labor	to	learn?
	Will	you	bring	into	play	the	courage	and	will,	the	discrimi-
	nation	and	care,	which	is	necessary	and	characteristic	of	all
	true	and	great	success	?	If	you	will	try	faithfully	to	bring
	out	the	ingenuity	and	strength	of	your	nature,	in	doing
	this,	success	is	sure.	If	you	will	not,	you	must	expect	to
	fail.


PREVENTING	AND	OVERCOMING	FEAR.
	IF	you	start	right,	there	is	but	little	trouble	in	making	a
	colt	or	horse	entirely	indifferent	to	any	of	the	ordinary
	causes	of	fear.	The	main	point	is	not	to	force	the	object
	or	sound	too	quickly	or	suddenly	upon	the	attention	when
	you	touch	the	quarters,	and	let	the	shafts	upon	the	hind
	parts,	as	explained	at	the	commencement,	on	page	37.	He
	was	first	so	disabled,	and	the	reason	so	thrown	out	of
	balance,	that	all	this	could	be	done	with	perfect	success	in
	a	few	minutes.	If,	however,	the	colt	is	of	a	quick,	nervous
	character,	but	little	force	is	necessary,	simply	bringing	the
	objects	to	notice	as	slowly	as	you	can.	Whatever	is	very
	unusual	attracts	the	attention	quickest.	If	you	happened
	to	drive	by	a	house	on	a	road	not	much	travelled,	every
	one	in	the	house	would	crowd	to	the	window	to	see	you.
	In	a	city	a	crowd	may	pass	without	notice,	because	of
	common	and	familiar	occurrence.	Horses	used	around	a
	depot,	in	the	midst	of	moving	trains,	for	a	short	time,	will
	soon	cease	to	notice	the	noise	and	excitement	of	the	en-
	gines	and	cars	;	while	a	horse	not	accustomed	to	them,
	when	driven	unexpectedly	near	them,	would	be	excited	to
	great	fear	of	them.	I	was	present	once	when	four	horses,
	entirely	unaccustomed	to	the	noise	of	a	band,	were	at-
	tached	to	a	band-wagon	:	the	first	note	and	tap	of	the
	drum	excited	them	almost	beyond	control.	I	directed	the
	band	to	get	ten	rods	behind	and	commence	playing	very
	lightly,	gradually	coming	nearer	and	playing	stronger
	until	they	came	up	to	the	wagon.	I	now	had	them	get	in,
	and	directed	them	to	commence	as	lightly	as	they	could,
	and	gradually	increase.	In	ten	minutes	the	band	could
	play	with	entire	freedom,	without	the	horses	caring	any
	thing	for	the	noise	and	excitement.	If	the	band	had
	struck	into	playing	quickly	and	unexpectedly,	as	usual,	at
	52


TOP	WAGON.	59
	at	the	same	time	turning	him	around	so	that	he	can	see
	and	hear	them	from	different	directions.	This	lesson
	should	be	often	repeated,	being	careful	not	to	crowd	be-
	yond	what	will	be	borne	easily,	until	they	cease	to	attract
	his	serious	attention.
	A	horse	once	really	frightened,	must	be	taken	out	of
	doors,	and	brought	under	thorough	subjection	by	the	first
	and	second	courses	of	subjection.	Get	good	control	of
	the	mouth,	make	every	point	sure,	and	now	drive	around
	as	before	described.
	TOP	WAGOtf.
	If	necessary,	use	second	and	third	courses	of	subjec-
	tion.	Next,	see	that	you	have	perfect	control	of	the
	mouth	with	the	bit;	now	with	an	umbrella,	commence
	gradually	at	the	nose,	and	work	slowly,	shutting	and	open-
	ing	it,	going	on	each	side	alike,	at	the	same	time,	giving
	apples	or	any	thing	of	which	he	is	fond.	From	behind,	re-
	peat,	first	passing	the	umbrella	gradually	back	over	the	hips
	from	the	shoulders,	and	finally	getting	behind,	when	you
	are	to	take	the	reins,	starting	and	stopping,	raising	slowly,
	lowering,	closing	and	opening	the	umbrella.	Make	this
	the	object	of	quite	a	thorough,	careful	lesson.	Now	hitch
	to	a	wagon,	with	top	down,	or	partially	so.	Be	sure	you
	have	power	enough	to	hold	the	horse	with	the	bit	while
	standing.	Commence	again	in	the	same	gradual	manner,
	and	work	back.	Do	not	by	any	means	attempt	to	drive
	right	off,	and	raise	the	umbrella	or	top	suddenly	on	the
	road	:	if	you	do,	you	will	undo	your	work.	Be	very	cau-
	tious	about	this	:	a	little	care	and	time	now,	is	what	will
	do	your	work.	If	the	horse	is	nervous,	get	out	and	to	his
	head,	over	and	over,	working	back	as	before.	Remember
	the	fear	is	really	in	connection	with	the	wagon,	and	this
	is	the	difficulty	to	be	overcome.	The	umbrella	is	the	top
	to	his	imagination	;	reconcile	him	to	this	carefully.	You
	can	also	raise	and	lower	the	top,	and	let	him	smell	and
	see	it	on	every	side,	before	being	put	in	the	shafts.	Re-
	member	it	is	an	entirely	new	thing	to	him	;	when	he	is
	backed	into	the	shafts,	and	this	is	the	end	you	are	working
	for,	to	reach	his	mind	to	be	convinced	upon	;	move	a
	little,	while	the	umbrella	is	over	your	head:	stop	and


KICKING	WHILE	HARNESSING.	77
	to	all.	Another	point	I	would	urge,	before	closing	this
	chapter	:	make	up	your	mind,	at	all	hazards,	that	you	will
	not	get	mad	yourself.	The	moment	you	give	way	to	this
	sort	of	feeling,	you	are	throwing	away	your	strongest	and
	best	hold	;	and	besides,	as	I	have	shown	you,	it	is	the
	best	point	of	your	success	to	keep	positive	control	of
	yourself.
	KICKING	WHILE	HABNESSING.
	Put	on	the	war-bridle	(small	loop),	and	work	up	with	it
	sharply	right	and	left	a	few	times,	then	pull	down	tight,
	and	tie	into	a	half	hitch.	While	holding	the	cord	in	the
	left	hand,	step	back,	and	pass	the	hand	from	the	shoulders
	to	the	hind	parts	gently.	If	this	is	borne,	take	the	har-
	ness	in	the	right	hand,	and	work	it	back	gently	over	the
	back.	As	this	is	borne,	untie	the	cord,	and	tie	down,	so
	as	td	give	the	mouth	a	little	more	freedom.	Now	go	back,
	and	handle	as	before,	being	careful	to	be	gentle	:	if	there
	is	resistance,	punish	sharply,	tie	down	short	again,	and
	put	the	harness	on.	When	there	is	submission,	untie,
	then	work	back	as	before	:	at	the	least	indication	of	re-
	sistance,	tremble	on	the	cord	until	the	horse	will	bear	the
	harness,	while	free	from	restraint.
	KICKING	WEXLE	GROOMING.
	Some	horses	are	so	thin-skinned,	that	they	can	scarce-
	ly	bear	a	currycomb	on	the	flanks	or	legs,	and	when
	excited	by	rough	treatment	and	too	severe	use	of	the	curry-
	comb,	are	easily	made	vicious	to	handle	or	groom.	Put
	on	the	war-bridle,	and	after	working	up	with	it,	hold
	tightly,	and	with	the	left	hand	use	the	currycomb	on	the
	back,	gradually	working	to	the	sensitive	part	:	as	there	is
	submission,	give	a	little	more	freedom	to	the	mouth,	and
	work	back	lightly.	If	the	horse	seems	unable	to	bear	the
	currycomb,	use	the	brush	instead,	and	that,	if	necessary,
	lightly.	Work	lightly	and	indirectly	to	the	sensitive	part,
	at	the	same	time	speaking	gently.	It	is	almost	impossible
	to	overcome	this	habit,	if	there	is	not	gentleness	and	kind
	treatment.
	The	currycomb	is	used	too	much	by	most	grooms.	A
	sharp-toothed,	brass	currycomb	must	not	be	used	QK	a	thin-


90	RUNNING	BACK.
	strong	man,	who	would	avoid	any	thing	like	abuse	or	a
	fight	with	the	horse,	to	take	this	course.	You	will	be	sur-
	prised	at	your	success	;	but	it	may	take	you	several	hours	to
	do	it.	Then	be	careful	for	a	few	times,	hitching,	taking	a
	few	moments	in	stopping	and	starting	as	before,	and	re-
	warding	;	then	gradually	let	the	horse	out	to	his	work.	There
	is	a	great	deal	in	this	sort	of	natural	tact	;	and	I	would	ask,
	What	are	a	few	hours'	or	a	half-day's	time	spent	in	this
	way,	compared	to	the	gratification	and	success	the	effort
	accomplishes	?
	RUNNING	BACK.
	If,	in	training	the	colt,	you	make	him	back	too	freely	when
	pulled	upon,	you	are	liable	to	have	this	habit	learned,	which
	is	a	very	bad	one,	because	so	much	beyond	control.	It	is
	on	this	account	I	repeatedly	warn	not	to	try	to	back	the
	colt	until	he	learns	to	go	ahead	and	sideways,	and	does	it
	well,	and	be	careful	not	to	get	the	colt's	mouth	too	sensi-
	tive.	No	matter	how	stubbornly	a	colt	may	resist	the	bit,	or
	how	hard	the	mouth,	there	will	be	no	difficulty	of	making	it
	as	sensitive	as	you	please	with	the	breaking-bit.	If,	for
	example,	you	were	to	force	the	colt	to	back	while	warm,	and
	after	a	desperate	struggle,	you	will	find	that	next	day	the
	colt	will	be	too	light	on	the	bit.	Make	him	go	back	now,
	freely,	a	few	times,	and	the	habit	is	established	;	or	if	restless,
	and	you	pull	back	sharply,	making	the	colt	to	run	back,	if
	you	are	not	careful,	it	will	become	an	established	habit.
	To	break	up	this	habit,	there	must	be	established	a
	thorough	fear	of	the	whip,	so	as	to	induce	going	ahead	when
	commanded.	Put	on	harness,	and	tie	the	tugs	into	the	rings
	of	the	breeching	rather	short.	Drive	around	with	the	reins,
	giving	a	sharp	cut,	with	a	good	bow-whip,	around	the	legs
	once	in	a	while,	if	not	prompt.	As	the	horse	learns	to
	spring	ahead	when	commanded,	pull	a	little	on	the	lines,
	gradually	repeating	until	he	will	pull	quite	hard	on	the	bit
	to	go	ahead.	Make	this	as	thorough	as	possible.	In	driv-
	ing,	repeat	this,	going	ahead	promptly,	whipping	up	sharply
	once	in	a	while,	if	necessary.
	The	main	point	is	to	create	a	thorough	fear	of	going	back.
	Now,	attach	to	wagon,	and	gradually	work	up	with	whip.
	The	foot-strap	may	be	put	on,	if	there	is	any	possible	danger
	of	the	horse	running	back	when	hitched.


110	CRIBBING.
	forced	down	much	beyond	its	natural	position.	This,	then,
	is	the	key,	through	which	we	can	reach	and	control	the
	habit	successfully.	Have	the	throat-latch	of	the	halter
	hang	on	a	line	with	the	top	of	the	head	to	the	junction
	of	the	neck	with	the	head.	Take	a	piece	of	strap	(good
	firm	leather),	about	five	inches	in	length,	and	as	wide	as
	the	throat-latch.	Drive	ten-ounce	tacks	in	a	row	along
	the	centre	of	this	strap,	half	an	inch	apart.	File	the
	points	sharp,	and	of	equal	length.	Lay	this	strap	on	the
	inside	of	the	throat-latch	where	it	crosses	the	larynx,	wind
	a	piece	of	waxed	thread	around	both,	at	the	centre	and
	ends	of	the	short	strap.	Buckle	the	throat-latch	just	long
	enough,	so	that	it	will	not	touch	the	neck	when	eating	or
	drinking,	but	will	press	sharply	at	the	least	attempt	to
	crib.	The	result	is,	that	at	every	attempt	to	crib,	the
	tacks	will	stick	into	the	neck,	which	will	hurt	and	discon-
	cert	the	horse	from	doing	so.
	The	point	of	success	will	depend	upon	the	perfection
	and	care	with	which	this	is	kept	adjusted.	If	there	is
	large	muscular	development	on	the	neck,	or	thick-necked,
	the	strap	must	be	buckled	shorter	than	when	the	neck	is
	well	cut	out,	as	it	is	termed.	Make	the	reproof	severe	at
	first.	Then	keep	it	so	as	to	touch	sharply	when	a	repeti-
	tion	is	attempted.	If	the	throat-latch	is	not	on	a	line	with
	the	top	of	the	head,	the	tacks	will	rest	against	and	cut	the
	jaw,	a	little	below	the	junction	of	the	head	with	the	neck.
	If	this	is	kept	on	a	few	days	or	weeks,	and	then	put	on
	carelessly,	or	taken	off,	there	is	likely	to	be	a	failure	;	for
	if	the	horse	finds	he	can	crib	once	after	this	is	put	on,
	without	hurting	himself,	he	will	be	encouraged	to	repeat
	the	effort,	and	will	punish	himself	severely	to	do	so.	But
	if	punished	at	first,	and	this	kept	where	it	will	hurt	keenly
	at	the	least	attempt	to	crib,	and	left	on	a	few	weeks,	you
	ought	to	be	successful.	It	will	not	do	to	buckle	a	strap
	around	the	neck.	The	adjustment	must	be	made	to	the
	strap	of	the	halter,	and	the	halter	must	fit	nicely	to	the
	head.	To	do	this,	it	must	be	made	like	a	bridle,	with
	brow-piece,	so	that	it	will	not	shift	or	move	on	the	head.
	I	have	no	trouble	now	with	the	habit.	A	common	boy
	broke	five	in	succession,	a	few	years	ago	:	he	became
	careless	and	failed	on	the	sixth.	There	is,	once	in	a	while,


STABLING.
	Some	commence	again,	commencing	with	the	ninth	day
	and	follow	up	as	before,	making	forty-two	days.	Twenty-
	one	days	being	the	period	elapsing	between	a	mare's	going
	out	of	heat,	and	coming	in	again,	making	her	periodical
	term	thirty	days.	Twenty-one	days	is	claimed	to	be	suffi-
	cient	to	prove	a	mare.
	The	mare	and	colt	should	be	well	fed,	and	protected
	from	storms.	The	theory	of	working	a	mare	hard,	and
	half	starving	the	colt,	is	the	poorest	kind	of	economy,
	since	the	mare	needs	generous	feed	and	rest,	to	renew	her
	strength	and	make	her	milk,	by	which	of	course	the	colt	is
	nourished	and	made	to	grow.	When	size	and	strength	will
	indicate	that	it	is	time	to	wean,	which	is	usually	in	five	or
	six	months,	put	the	colt	in	a	quiet	pasture,	away	from	the
	mare,	where	it	should	be	closely	looked	after.	A	little
	oats,	(better	if	bruised,)	should	be	given	daily.
	The	conclusion	of	careful	breeders	is,	that	it	is	much
	better	for	a	colt	to	run	in	pasture,	than	to	be	confined	in	a
	stable.	If	the	colt	is	intended	for	farm	use,	castration	may
	be	performed	when	six	months	old	;	if,	however,	the	withers
	are	light,	it	should	be	postponed	until	the	head	and	neck
	fills	up	to	the	degree	required,	and	this	may	require	from
	one	to	two	years,	or	even	more.	If	the	head	is	large	and
	heavy,	early	'castration	is	advisable.	Colts	should	be	gen-
	erously	fed,	and	protected	from	the	inclemency	of	the
	weather	in	winter.	They	should	be	treated	gently.	May
	be	broken	early	to	harness,	if	treated	gently	and	with	care.
	This,	however,	is	hazardous,	as	there	is	danger	of	over-
	driving	young	colts	if	they	are	driven	at	all.	Many	seem
	to	take	pride	in	trials	to	which	they	subject	two	or	three
	year	old	colts.	It	is	not	what	they	can	do,	but	what	they
	ought	to	be	required	to	do.
	STABLING.
	Pure	air	is	not	only	an	absolute	essential	in	securing	and
	retaining	the	perfect	health	of	horses,	but	is	the	cheapest
	and	most	easily	available.	The	stable	should	be	so	located
	and	constructed	as	to	enable	this	most	perfectly,	as	well	as
	afford	the	greatest	convenience	and	comfort,	thus	ensuring
	health	and	economy.	It	should	be	built	on	a	dry,	airy
	location,	facing	the	south,	large	enough	to	give	ample


152	HIGH	HEELS.
	"	Yes,"	said	he	:	"I	soon	get	the	worst	of	feet	all	right	;	but
	it	is	an	idea	of	my	own."	In	my	judgment	the	principal
	secret	of	the	success	of	the	Goodenough	shoe	is	that	the
	iron	is	so	soft	that	it	wears	down	rapidly,	and	brings	the	sole
	and	frog	to	the	ground,	and	to	the	rule	of	not	touching	the
	frog	or	sole	when	trimming	the	foot	for	the	shoe.
	HIGH	HEELS.
	But	I	would	right	here	make	an	explanation	:	If	there	is
	any	morbid	inflammation	in	the	cartilage	of	the	coffin-joint
	or	of	the	sheaths	of	the	tendons	passing	down	over	the	heel,
	especially	if	there	is	any	tendency	to	coffin-joint	lameness,
	bringing	the	heels	to	the	ground	will	make	the	horse	decid-
	edly	lame.	In	this	case	you	must	raise	the	heel	high	enough
	to	prevent	contact	with	ground,	and	the	toe	should	be	ham-
	mered	down	and	made	rounding	like	the	toe	of	a	shoe	well
	worn.	A	member	of	my	class	who	had
	been	in	one	of	the	car-	stables	in	New
	York,	after	advising	thin-heeled	shoes,
	said	a	man	came	to	that	stable	while	he
	was	there,	and	talked	that	system	into
	the	president	of	the	company	;	and	he
	was	employed	to	shoe	all	the	horses
	on	that	plan.	I	asked	him	if	he	shod
	all	alike;	and	he	said,	"Just	alike."
	"Then,"	said	I,	"you	had	quite	a
	Bearing	surf	ace	of	a	shoe,	number	that	became	dead	lame,	while
	of	the\min!oie	s	c	.	ati	n	the	others	did	better."	He	said	that
	was	so.	I	then	explained	that	those
	having	any	tendency	to	coffin-joint	lameness	got	badly	lame	;
	and	that	such,	instead	of	a	low	heel,	should	have	high	heels
	and	round	toes	to	remove	pressure	from	the	frog,	and	aid
	the	mobility	of	the	foot.	He	had	an	idea,	but	no	knowl-
	edge	of	principles	back	of	it,	and	was	consequently	a	dan-
	gerous	authority	to	be	guided	by.
	CONTRACTION.
	The	hoof	is	a	shell	of	yielding	horn	;	and	when	it	becomes
	dry	and	hard,	grows	smaller,	and	presses	upon	the	structure
	of	the	foot	within,	as	a	boot	that	becomes	dry	and	crisped
	is	drawn	down	tightly	upon	the	foot.	The	result	is	inflam-


CONTRACTION.
	153
	mation	and	injury,	that	ultimately	destroys	the	action	and
	vitality	of	the	parts.	I	will	not	stop	to	designate	the	various
	causes	of	contraction,	more	than	to	say	that	badly-fitting,
	thick-heeled	shoes,	that	raise	the	sole	and	frog	from	all	possi-
	ble	pressure	upon	the	ground,	nailing	so	far	back	in	the
	heels	as	to	prevent	spreading	of	the	foot	as	it	grows,	badly-
	fitting	shoes,	and,	I	will	add,	standing	in	narrow	stalls,	on
	dry	planks,	all	contribute	more	or	less	directly	to	this	cause.
	Then,	too,	there	is	a	frequent	contraction	only	of	one	heel,	or
	of	one	more	than	the	other.	All	pedestrians	are	careful,	as
	a	primary	condition	of	success,	that	the	shoes	fit	easily	and
	perfectly	to	the	feet.	The	soles	are	broad	and	long,	the	heels
	low	and	wide,	the	uppers	soft	and	easy,	with	no	pressure
	upon	the	toes.	Even	the	stockings	are	selected	with	great
	care.	They	must	be	free	from	seams	or	wrinkles.	The	foot
	is	supported	as	nearly	natural,	and	kept	so,	as	possible.	This
	is	what	we	must	aim	to	do	in	shoeing	the	horse's	foot	;	and	now
	we	will	come	to	the	best	way	of	doing	this.	The	first	step
	towards	curing	contraction	is	to	remove	the	cause	;	secondly,
	the	use	of	such	means	as
	will	bring	the	quarters
	back	to	their	natural	form
	and	condition	most	nat-
	urally	and	easily.	I	will
	first	give	the	best	pallia-
	tive	means,	which	does
	not	require	much	care
	and	skill	to	do.	The	sec-
	ond	requires	a	nicer	de-
	gree	of	skill,	but	will
	enable	curing	easily	the
	worst	cases	of	contraction
	of	either	or	both	heels.
	The	same	principle	will
	enable	curing	with	ease
	and	certainty	any	case
	of	quarter-crack.	First,
	poultice	the	foot	thor-
	oughly,	until	soft,	and	will
	cut	easily	;	next	cut	down	the	foot	until	ajl	excessive	growth
	is	removed.	If	the	sole	is	thick	with	old	horn,	cut	it	away
	(No.	24.)
	A	convex	shoe.	The	bearing	surface	is
	from	a	sixteenth	to	an	eighth	of	an
	inch	lower	at	the	outer	edge	of	the
	bearing	surface	where	the	outside	of
	the	heel	rests.	Should	be	fitted	care-
	fully.


A	SHOE	ENABLING	OPENING	QUARTERS	AS	DESIRED.	157
	rately	the	distance	between	the	heels	of	the	shoe.	The
	quarter	that	is	contracted	most	first	open,	but	not	over	an
	eighth	of	an	inch;	then	open	the	other	about	half	that
	space.	You	cannot	with	safety	spread	the	heels	more	than
	three-sixteenths	of	an	inch	at	a	time,	and	either	quarter	not
	over	an	eighth	of	an	inch.	If	you	spread	the	quarters	the
	least	too	much	you	may	cause	violent	inflammation,	which
	must	be	arrested	promptly.	About	an	hour	after	the	quar-
	ters	are	spread,	examine	the	horse	carefully	;	and	if	the	foot
	is	sore,	with	a	hammer	knock	back	the	side	bent	too	much,
	to	remove	the	pressure.	Next,	put	the	foot	in	cold	water,
	or	tie	a	wet	rag	around	it	;	the
	inflammation	will	subside	very
	quickly.	Every	few	days	spread	a
	little	more,	not	over	an	eighth	of	an
	inch	at	a	time,	until	the	quarters
	are	spread	as	far	as	you	desire,
	and	the	foot	is	brought	back	to
	its	natural	shape.	A	shoe	of	the
	form	described	for	the	cure	of	con-
	traction	should	not	*	be	thick	nor
	heavy,	just	what	is	necessary	for
	strength	to	support	the	strain	upon
	it.	The	heels	should	not	be	over	a
	quarter	of	an	inch	thick,	to	allow
	the	frog	having	contact	with	the
	ground.	If	in	the	winter,	and	corks
	are	necessary,	fit	the	shoe	first,
	corks,	&c.,	as	you	desire	;	then	drill
	the	holes	in	place	up	near	the
	corks.	It	is	very	easily	done,	and	can	be	fitted	to	a	hair,
	and	no	one	can	detect	any	unusual	form	of	shoe,	when	on,
	unless	attention	is	called	to	it.	The	principle	of	weakening
	the	shoe	on	each	side	well	forward	in	the	toe,	and	turning
	the	inside	of	the	heels	up	in	the	form	of	clips,	to	rest	against
	the	inside	of	the	bars	at	the	heel,	is	well	known.	It	is	next
	to	impossible	to	fit	this	form	of	the	shoe	to	the	foot.	If	in
	the	least	too	large	or	small,	it	would	be	all	out	of	shape.
	I	tried	it	over	and	over	again,	and	gave	up	in	despair.	With
	a	tongs	or	screw,	the	pressure	being	equal	on	both	quarters,
	there	was	usually	a	too	violent	strain	of	the	quarter	from	the
	(No.	28.)
	The	foot	with	the	heels	opened
	by	the	expansion	shoe.


DISEASES	AND	THEIR	TREATMENT.	219
	*
	TO	BECBUIT	A	HORSE	HIDE-BOUND	OB	OTHEBWISB
	OUT	OF	SOBTS.
	Nitrate	potassa	(or	saltpeter),	4	oz.;	crude	antimony,
	i	oz.;	sulphur,	3	oz.	Nitrate	of	potassa	and	antimony
	should	be	finely	pulverized,	then	add	the	sulphur,	and	mix
	the	whole	well	together.	Dose:	A	tablespoonful	of	the
	mixture	in	a	bran	mash	daily,	for	a	week	or	two.
	This	will	be	found	an	excellent	remedy.	It	was	given	me
	ten	years	ago,	by	Dr.	T.	Burton,	of	Fultonville,	N.	Y.,	(one
	)f	the	most	successful	of	medical	practitioners,	and	not	only
	one	of	the	best	horsemen	with	whom,	in	my	varied	experi-
	ence,	I	have	become	acquainted,	but	one	of	the	best	men	I
	have	ever	met,	and	to	whose	interest	and	encouragement	I
	am	more	than	to	any	other	single	cause	indebted	for	my	great
	success.	It	was	by	this	gentleman's	advice	that	I	made	a	se-
	ries	of	models	with	which	to	illustrate	the	principles	of	shoe-
	ing,	which	have	so	often	since	been	admired	by	horsemen.
	There	are	a	few	chance	acquaintances	I	have	made	during
	the	inception	of	a	checkered	career	in	my	profession,	the
	icmembrance	of	whom	becomes	at	all	times	only	a	growing
	source	of	pleasure	and	encouragement,	but	chief	of	them
	all	stands	this	gentleman,	whose	encouraging	predictions	I
	now	take	the	liberty	of	acknowledging	in	this	connection,
	as	an	assurance	of	my	continued	appreciation	of	his	inter-
	est	so	long	ago,	and	that	I	have	done	the	best	I	could	to
	prove	worthy	of	his	high,	flattering	assurance	of	my	future
	success.)
	CBACKED	HEELS.
	Two	ounces	resin,	2	ounces	copperas,	2	ounces	alum,
	i	ounce	beeswax,	i	pint	tar,	size	hen's	egg	of	tallow;	boil
	over	a	slow	fire,	skim	off	the	filth	and	add	the	scrapings	of
	sweet	elder	a	handful	;	when	cool,	fit	for	use.
	This	is	the	best	local	application	for	cracked	heels	or
	stuffing	of	the	heels	that	I	have	ever	used,	and	is	in	fact
	one	of	the	very	best	of	healing	preparations.
	Six	years	ago,	in	Ohio,	Turco	had	an	aggravated	crack-
	ing	and	stuffing	of	heels	of	so	bad	a	character	that	I	feared
	stuffing	of	the	hoofs.	In	defiance	of	all	the	treatment	I
	could	then	think	of	for	cure,	I	was	compelled	to	poultice,
	ai'd	*lid	so	continually,	using	a	variety	of	preparations


46	WORLD	S	COLUMBIAN	CATHOLIC	CONGRESSES.
	Congress.	There	are	nations	who	are	never	separated	from	the	Church,	but	which
	have	neglected	often	to	apply	in	full	degree	the	lessons	of	the	gospel.	There	are
	nations	who	have	gone	out	from	the	Church,	bringing	with	them	many	of	her	treas
	ures,	and	because	of	what	they	have	brought	yet	show	virgin	light;	but,	cut	from	the
	source,	unless	that	source	is	brought	into	close	contact	with	them,	there	is	danger	for
	them.	Bring	them	in	contact	with	these	divine	forces	by	your	action	and	your
	teachings.	Bring	your	fellow-countrymen	back;	bring	your	country	into	immediate
	connection	with	the	great	source	of	truth	and	light,	and	the	blessed	influence	of	Christ
	and	Christ	s	Church.	And	in	this	manner	shall	it	come	to	pass	that	the	words	of	the
	psalmist	shall	be	fulfilled:	"Mercy	and	justice	have	you	one	with	another;	justice
	and	peace	prevail."
	Let	us	restore	among	men	justice	and	charity.	Let	us	teach	men	to	be	prompt
	ever	to	make	sacrifice	of	self	for	the	common	good.	This	is	the	foundation	of	all	social
	elevating	movements;	it	is	the	foundation	of	your	own	Congress.	Now,	all	these	great
	principles	have	been	marked	out	in	the	most	luminous	lines	in	the	encyclicals	of	the
	great	Pontiff,	Leo	XIII.	We	then	study	those	encyclicals;	hold	fast	to	them	as	the
	safest	anchorage.	The	social	questions	are	being	studied	the	world	over.	It	is	well
	they	should	be	studied	in	America,	for	here	do	we	have	more	than	elsewhere	the	keys
	to	the	future.	Here	in	America	you	have	a	country	blessed	specially	by	Providence,	in
	the	fertility	of	its	fields	and	the	liberty	of	its	institutions.	Here	you	have	a	country
	which	will	pay	back	all	efforts,	not	merely	tenfold,	but	a	hundredfold;	and	this	no	one
	understands	better	than	the	immortal	Leo,	and	he	charges	his	Delegate	to	speak	out	to
	America	words	of	hope	and	blessing.
	Then,	in	conclusion,	the	Delegate	begs	of	you	American	Catholics	to	be	fully	loyal
	to	your	great	mission	and	the	duties	which	your	circumstances	impose	upon	you.	Here
	are	golden	words	spoken	by	the	Delegate	in	concluding	his	discourse:	"Go	forward!	in
	one	hand	bearing	the	Book	of	Christian	truth	and	in	the	other	the	Constitution	of	the
	United	States."
	Christian	truth	and	American	liberty	will	make	you	free,	happy,	and	prosperous.
	They	will	put	you	on	the	road	to	progress.	May	your	steps	ever	persevere	on	that	road.
	Again	he	salutes	you	with	all	his	heart.	Again	he	expresses	his	delight	to	be	with	you,
	and	again	speaks	forth	to	you	in	strongest	and	sweetest	tones	the	love	of	your	Holy
	Father,	Leo	XIII.
	A	pleasing	incident	of	this	session	was	an	invitation	extended	to	the	col
	ored	Catholics,	who	had	begun	holding	their	meetings	in	one	of	the	lesser
	halls,	to	come	in	and	participate	in	the	general	Congress.	An	original	and
	philosophical	presentation	of	the	current	topic	was	then	made	by	Hon.
	E.	O.	Browne	of	Chicago,	in	the	following	terms:
	LABOR	AND	CAPITAL.
	In	common	speech,	as	in	the	scheme	for	this	Congress,	labor	and	capital	are	used	as
	contra-distinguished	terms	things	set	off	against	each	other	the	rights	of	the	one
	and	the	duties	of	the	other	being	the	matters	especially	to	be	insisted	on,	and	reconciled,
	if	reconciliation	may	in	any	way	be	between	things	assumed	thus	to	be	so	antagonistic
	and	engaged	in	such	an	irreconcilable	conflict.	That	there	is	such	a	conflict	in	appear
	ance,	is	as	evident	as	it	is	in	appearance	that	the	sun	circles	about	the	earth.	But	I
	hold	it	to	be	no	more	a	real	phenomenon	of	our	social	life	and	organization	than	the
	motion	of	the	sun	is	of	the	natural	world.
	It	is	because	I	utterly	dispute	the	thesis	that	capital	and	labor	are	antagonistic,	that
	they	have	separate	interests,	that	there	are	duties	incumbent	upon	one	which	are	not
	duties	of	the	other,	or	rights	belonging	to	the	one	which	are	not	equally	the	rights	of
	the	other,	that	I	have	accepted	the	compliment	conveyed	to	me	by	the	request	that	I
	but	crystallized,	accumulated	labor,	having	no	possible	interests,	economically	speaking,
	diverse	from	those	of	labor.	In	one	view	it	is	but	a	subdivision	of	labor;	in	another,	but
	a	tool	which	labor	has	itself	fashioned	by	its	own	hands,	which	is	used	solely	in	its	own
	hands,	and	which	is	entitled,	therefore,	in	and	by	itself,	to	that	protection	and	considera
	tion	only	which	its	creator,	owner,	and	user	demands	for	it,	as	one	of	its	valuable	adjuncts
	and	belongings.
	Briefly,	my	argument	is	to	be	that	capitalist	and	laborer,	economically	speaking,
	are	the	same,	entitled	to	one	transcendent,	all-important	right,	the	right	to	liberty,	and


GEOFFBY	CHAUCER.	31
	And	though	he	holy	were,	and	virtuous,
	He	was	to	sinful	men	not	dispitous,
	Ne	in	his	speche	dangerous	ne	digne,	1
	But	in	his	teching	descrete	and	benigne.
	To	drawen	folk	to	heven,	with	f	airenesse,
	By	good	ensanapJe	was	his	bisinesse	:
	But	it	were	any	person	obstinat,
	What	so	he	were	of	highe,	or	low	estat,
	Him	wolde	he	snibben	sharply	for	the	nones.	5
	A	better	preest	I	trowe	that	nowher	non	is.
	He	waited	after	no	pompe	ne	reverence,
	He	maked	him	no	spiced	3	conscience,
	But	Cristes	lore,	and	his	apostles	twelve,
	He	taught,	but	first	he	folwed	it	himselve.
	Prologue	of	Canterbury	Tales.
	CONSTANCE	AND	HER	CHILD.
	WEPEN	both	yong	and	old	in	al	that	place,
	When	that	the	king	this	cursed	lettre	sent	:
	And	Constance	with	a	dedly	pale	face,
	The	fourthe	day,	toward	the	ship	she	wente	:
	But	nathe*less	she	taketh	in	good	entente.
	The	will	of	Crist,	and	kneeling	on	the	strond,
	She	sayde,	"	Lord,	ay	welcome	be	thy	sond	4	!
	"	He	that	me	kepte	fro	the	false	blame,
	While	I	was	in	the	lond	amonges	you,
	He	can	me	kepe	fro	harme	and	eke	fro	shame
	In	the	salt	see,	although	I	se	not	how	:
	As	strong	as	ever	he	was	he	is	yet	now	;
	In	him	trust	I,	and	in	his	mother	dere,
	That	is	to	me	my	sail	and	eke	my	stere."	5
	Hire	litel	child	lay	weping	in	hire	arm,
	And,	kneling,	pitously	to	him	she	sayde,
	"	Pees,	litel	sone,	I	wol	do	thee	no	harme	:	"
	With	that	hire	couverchief	of	hire	hed	she	braid,	6
	And	over	his	litel	eyen	she	it	layde,
	And	in	hire	arme	she	lulleth	it	ful	fast,
	And	into	the	heaven	hire	eyen	up	she	cast.
	1	haughty.	a	occasion.	8	nice,	fastidious.
	4	eending,	visitation,	6	rudder.	6	took	off.


232	KATHRINA.
	Within	her	character,	was	purged	away,
	And	she	was	left	pure	gold.	Nay,	I	should	say,
	Whatever	goodness	had	not	been	revealed
	Through	the	relations	of	her	heart	to	mine
	As	loving	maid	and	mistress,	found	the	light	*
	Through	her	maternity.	A	heavenly	change
	Passed	o	er	her	soul	and	o	er	her	pallid	face,
	As	if	the	unconscious	yearning	of	a	life
	Had	found	full	satisfaction	in	the	birth
	Of	the	new	being.	Her	long	weariness
	Was	but	a	trance	of	peace	and	gratitude	;
	And	as	she	lay	her	babe	upon	her	breast,
	Her	eyelids	closed	I	could	but	feel	that	heaven,
	Should	it	hold	all	the	good	of	which	she	dreamed,
	Had	little	more	for	her.
	And	when	again
	She	moved	about	the	house,	in	ministry
	To	me	and	to	her	helpless	child,	I	knew
	That	I	had	tasted	every	precious	good
	That	woman	bears	to	man.	Ay,	more	than	this	:
	That	not	one	man	in	thousands	had	received
	Such	largess	of	affection,	and	such	prize
	Of	womanhood,	as	I	had	found	in	her,
	And	made	my	own.	The	whole	enchanting	round
	Of	pure,	domestic	commerce	had	been	mine.
	A	lover	blest,	a	husband	satisfied,
	A	father	crowned	!	Love	had	no	other	boon
	To	offer	me,	and	held	within	its	gift
	No	other	title.
	Thus,	within	the	space
	Of	two	swift	years,	I	traversed	the	domain
	Of	novelty,	and	learned	that	I	must	glean
	The	garnered	fields	of	my	experience


SANDS	AT	SEVENTY.	27
	Man	of	the	mighty	days	and	equal	to	the	days	!
	Thou	from	the	prairies	!	tangled	and	many-vein'd	and	hard	has
	been	thy	part,
	To	admiration	has	it	been	enacted	!
	RED	JACKET	(FROM	ALOFT.)
	[Impromptu	on	Buffalo	City's	monument	to,	and	re-burial	of	the	old	Iroquois
	orator,	October	9,	1884.]
	Upon	this	scene,	this	show,
	Yielded	to-day	by	fashion,	learning,	wealth,
	(Nor	in	caprice	alone	some	grains	of	deepest	meaning,)
	Haply,	aloft,	(who	knows?)	from	distant	sky-clouds'	blended
	shapes,
	As	some	old	tree,	or	rock	or	cliff,	thrill'd	with	its	soul,
	Product	of	Nature's	sun,	stars,	earth	direct	a	towering	human
	form,
	In	hunting-shirt	of	film,	arm'd	with	the	rifle,	a	half-ironical	smile
	curving	its	phantom	lips,
	Like	one	of	Ossian's	ghosts	looks	down.
	WASHINGTON'S	MONUMENT,	FEBRUARY,	1885.
	Ah,	not	this	marble,	dead	and	cold	:
	Far	from	its	base	and	shaft	expanding	the	round	zones	circling,
	comprehending,
	Thou,	Washington,	art	all	the	world's,	the	continents'	entire
	not	yours	alone,	America,
	Europe's	as	well,	in	every	part,	castle	of	lord	or	laborer's	cot,
	Or	frozen	North,	or	sultry	South	the	African's	the	Arab's	in
	his	tent,
	Old	Asia's	there	with	venerable	smile,	seated	amid	her	ruins	;
	(Greets	the	antique	the	hero	new?	'tis	but	the	same	the	heir
	legitimate,	continued	ever,
	The	indomitable	heart	and	arm	proofs	of	the	never-broken
	line,
	Courage,	alertness,	patience,	faith,	the	same	e'en	in	defeat	de
	feated	not,	the	same:)
	Wherever	sails	a	ship,	or	house	is	built	on	land,	or	day	or	night,
	Through	teeming	cities'	streets,	indoors	or	out,	factories	or	farms,
	Now,	or	to	come,	or	past	where	patriot	wills	existed	or	exist,
	Wherever	Freedom,	pois'd	by	Toleration,	sway'd	by	Law,
	Stands	or	is	rising	thy	true	monument.


X	PREFACE
	compiled	by	F.	W.	Thomas	with	the	intention	of	pub-
	lishing	a	volume	of	Poe's	poems.	He	wrote	his	Recol-
	lections	of	Edgar	A.	Poe	for	this,	but	his	death	ended
	the	project.	Judge	Hughes	afterwards	placed	the
	manuscript	in	my	hands	for	publication	in	the	Rich-
	mond,	Virginia,	Sunday	Times,	with	which	newspaper
	I	was	associated	at	the	time,	but	it	was	found	unavail-
	able.	A	copy,	however,	was	retained,	and	all	the	impor-
	tant	facts	and	changes	are	incorporated	in	this	volume.
	The	final	text	of	"Lenore"	left	by	Poe,	which	now
	appears	here,	is	of	inestimable	value,	and	forever	sets
	at	rest	the	discussion	as	to	Poe's	intention	of	what
	should	constitute	his	final	revision	of	that	poem.	His
	corrections	of	this	poem	in	the	J.	Lorimer	Graham
	copy	of	his	1845	poems	were	misunderstood	by	his	later
	editors	and	incorrectly	printed.	The	final	revision	of
	the	other	poems,	in	particular	"Ulalume,"	"The	Bells,"
	and	"Annabel	Lee,"	now	determines	the	state	in	which
	Poe	wished	them	all	to	rest.	The	text	of	the	poems
	from	the	Baltimore	Saturday	Morning	Visitor	and	the
	Flag	of	Our	Union	appears	for	the	first	time	since
	Poe's	death.	It	is	now	established	that	"A	Dream
	Within	A	Dream"	and	"Eldorado"	first	appeared	in
	the	latter	newspaper.	The	supposed	lost	first	part	of
	the	manuscript	of	Poe's	"The	Haunted	Palace"	has
	been	found,	as	well	as	new	and	unpublished	manuscripts
	of	"The	Sleeper,"	"To	M.	L.	S.,"	and	others.	Besides
	the	eight	poems	now	first	collected,	will	be	found	two
	poems	among	the	"Additional	Poems,"	never	before
	printed	with	Poe's	poems.	The	revisions	made	by	Poe
	in	the	J.	Lorimer	Graham	edition	of	the	1845	poems
	have	never	been	fully	published,	but	they	are	now	re-
	corded	here	in	the	notes	as	Poe	left	them.	The	changes


22	JAMES	CLARKE	AND	CO.	8
	By	MARY	B.	MANNERS.
	Crown	8vo,	Linen	Covers,	Is.	eachi
	A	Tale	of	a	Telephone,	and	Other	Pieces.
	"	Narrative	pieces,	suitable	for	recitation."	Outlook.
	"	Facile	and	effective	pieces	in	verse	of	the	sort	that	tells	well	on	the	recita
	tion	platform.	They	have	a	pleasant	light	humour	and	a	lilt	often	like	that
	ol	the	Ingoldsby	Legends,	and	should	not	fail	to	entertain	any	reader	in	a
	jocular	mood."	Scotsman.
	The	Bishop	and	the	Caterpillar	(as	recited	by	the	late	Mr,
	Brandram),	and	Other	Pieces.	Dedicated	by	permission	to
	Lewis	Carroll.	Fourth	Edition.
	"	The	first	two	pieces	are	quite	worthy	of	Ingoldsby,	and	that	reverend
	gentleman	would	not	have	been	ashamed	to	own	them.	The	pieces	are
	admirably	suited	for	recitation."	Dramatic	Review.
	Aunt	Agatha	Ann	;	and	Other	Ballads.	Illustrations	by
	ERNOLD	A.	MASON	and	Louis	WAIN.
	Twisted	Threads;	or,	Those	Villagers,	By	H.	E.	STONE.
	Crown	8vo,	cloth.	Is.
	Tasty	Dishes.	A	Choice	Selection	of	Tested	Recipes,	showing
	what	we	can	have	for	Breakfast,	Dinner,	Tea	and	Supper.
	It	is	designed	for	people	of	moderate	means	who	desire
	to	have	pleasant	and	varied	entertainment	for	themselves
	and	their	friends.	It	is	a	book	of	genuine	and	tested	informa
	tion.	New	Edition.	Thoroughly	revised	and	brought	up	to
	date.	130th	Thousand.	Crown	8vo,	Is.
	"	No	home	ought	to	be	without	this	timely,	useful,	and	practical	family
	friend."	Brighton	Gazette.
	More	Tasty	Dishes.	A	Book	of	Tasty,	Economical,	and	Tested
	Recipes.	Including	a	Section	on	Invalid	Cookery.	A	Supple
	ment	to	"	Tasty	Dishes."	Price	Is.
	"	Every	recipe	is	so	clearly	stated	that	the	most	inexperienced	cook	could
	follow	them	and	make	dainty	dishes	at	a	small	cost."	Pearson	s	Weekly.
	"	The	recipes	given	have	been	carefully	tried	and	not	been	found	wanting,"
	The	Star.
	Our	Girls	Cookery.	By	the	Author	of	"Tasty	Dishes."
	Crown	8vo,	linen,	Is.
	"	A	most	artistic-looking	little	volume,	filled	with	excellent	recipes,	that
	are	given	so	clearly	and	sensibly	that	the	veriest	tyro	in	the	culinary	art	will
	be	able	to	follow	them	as	easily	as	possible."	The	Lady.
	"	The	contents	are	varied	and	comprehensive.	.	.	.	The	directions
	given	are	clear	and	reliable,	each	recipe	having	been	specially	tested."
	Dundee	Advertiser.
	Tommy,	and	Other	Poems,	for	Recitation.	By	RUDYABD
	KIPLING,	LEWIS	CARROLL,	NORMAN	GALE,	HAL	FINDON,	MAY
	KENDALL,	CONSTANCE	E.	NADEN,	MARY	E.	MANNERS,	and
	"	P."	Edited	by	F.	H.	FISHEB,	B.A.	f	I.C.S.,	Barrister-at-
	Law.	Paper,	Is.


461
	Eight-year	Study,	29,	39.	64.	66,
	68-176,	282.	283,	319,	396,	400,
	402
	Eiseley.	Loren.	24-25
	Eisenhower,	Dwight	D.	,	173-174.	357
	Elementary	and	Secondary	Education
	Act,	(ESEA),	101.	102,	128.	301-
	302.	320
	Eliot,	Charles.	320
	Encyclopedia	Britannica.	118.	139,
	140.	155.	186
	Erikson.	Erik	H.	.	76,	1^5
	Eurich,	Al,	117
	evaluation,	of	education,	217,	309-
	312,	passim
	Evenden,	Samuel,	371
	Faldet,	Marion.	342
	Faust,	Clarence,	119,	120,	160-161
	Fenton,	Edward.	272
	Filbey,	Emery.	155
	Findley.	Warren.	127
	Fischler,	Abraham,	149
	Flanagan.	John,	68,	265,	297
	Fletcher,	Scott,	165
	Flexner,	Abraham,	29
	Ford	Foundation,	51,	161-166,	177,
	178,	185-187.	199-200,	201.	236,
	263.	265.	271,	282,	327.	375,	381.
	See	also	Center	for	Study	of
	Democratic	Institutions
	Ford,	Henry,	163.	178
	Four-H	CLubs,	215-219.	339
	foundations,	335-364,	368
	Fowler,	Burton,	69
	Fox,	Seymour.	249.	253,	256-259.
	422
	Frank,	Glenn,	74
	Freeman.	Frank,	44,	45.	54,	110,
	Friedenberg,	Edgar,	67
	Friedman,	Marsha,	173
	Frisena,	Robert,	227
	Frutchey,	Fred.	66,	78,	402
	Fromm,	Alfred.	203
	Fromm	Institute	for	Life-Long
	Learning,	368
	Gaither,	Rowan.	177.	180.	185.	186,
	187,	192,	197,	199
	Gardner,	Burleigh,	220
	Gardner.	John,	227.	295.	298,	301,
	351,	376
	Gellman,	Murray,	291
	General	Education	Board,	See
	Rockefeller	Foundation
	gerontology,	research	on,	367-368
	Getzels.	Jacob,	141,	152-153.	342
	Ginsberg,	Eli,	173-174
	Glaser.	Robert,	377
	Goldberg,	Herman,	361
	Goodlad,	John,	38,	307,	313,	321.
	389.	402,	411,	419
	Gould,	Samuel,	375
	Graham,	Patricia,	253.	342,	377
	Great	Books	of	the	Western	World,
	117-119.	129,	155
	Greoe,	David.	134
	Grim,	Paul.	78
	Hamburg.	David,	199
	Hand,	Harold.	300-301.	304,	312
	Hanna,	Lavonne,	87
	Hanna,	Paul.	30
	Harbison.	Fred.	133
	Harper.	William	Rainey,	29,	123,
	162
	Harris,	Chester.	78.	84.	102.	110-
	111,	229
	Hartung,	Maurice,	76,	77,	93,	112
	Hastings.	Thomas,	102
	Havighurst,	Robert.	73-75.	91,	131,
	376,	396
	Hayes,	Albert,	115
	Heald.	Henry,	199-200
	hearing	impaired,	programs	for.
	226-227
	Hearst,	William	Randolph,	183-184
	Heil,	Louis,	77,	93,	102
	Herrick,	John.	78
	Herring,	Pendleton.	365,	423-424,
	422
	Hesburgh,	Theodore,	358-359
	Heyman.	Joe,	212-213
	Heyns,	Roger,	244


THE	SPANISH	STUDENT
	49
	And	fever	!	Like	a	wild	wolf	to	the	sheep-
	fold
	Come	I	for	thee,	my	lamb.
	Prec.	Oh,	touch	me	not	!
	The	Count	of	Lara	s	blood	is	on	thy	hands	!
	The	Count	of	Lara	s	curse	is	on	thy	soul	!
	Do	not	come	near	ine	!	Pray,	begone	from
	here	!
	Thou	art	in	danger	!	They	have	set	a	price
	Upon	thy	head	!
	Bart.	Ay,	and	I	ve	wandered	long
	Among	the	mountains	;	and	for	many	days
	Have	seen	no	human	face,	save	the	rough
	swineherd	s.
	The	wind	and	rain	have	been	my	sole	com
	panions.
	I	shouted	to	them	from	the	rocks	thy
	name,
	And	the	loud	echo	sent	it	back	to	me,
	Till	I	grew	mad.	I	could	not	stay	from
	thee,
	And	I	am	here	!	Betray	me,	if	thou	wilt.
	Prec.	Betray	thee	?	I	betray	thee	?
	Bart.	Preciosa	!
	I	come	for	thee	!	for	thee	I	thus	brave
	death	!
	Fly	with	me	o	er	the	borders	of	this	realm	!
	Fly	with	me	!
	Prec.	Speak	of	that	no	more.	I	cannot.
	I	in	thine	no	longer.
	Bart.	Oh,	recall	the	time
	When	we	were	children	!	how	we	played
	together,
	How	we	grew	up	together	;	how	we	plighted
	Our	hearts	unto	each	other,	even	in	child
	hood	!
	Fulfil	thy	promise,	for	the	hour	has	come.
	I	m	hunted	from	the	kingdom,	like	a	wolf	!
	Fulfil	thy	promise.
	Prec.	T	was	my	father	s	promise,
	Not	mine.	I	never	gave	my	heart	to
	thee,
	Nor	promised	thee	my	hand	!
	Bart.	False	tongue	of	woman	!
	And	heart	more	false	!
	Free.	Nay,	listen	unto	me.
	I	will	speak	frankly.	I	have	never	loved
	thee	;
	I	cannot	love	thee.	This	is	not	my	fault,
	It	is	my	destiny.	Thou	art	a	man
	Restless	and	violent.	What	wouldst	thou
	with	me,
	A	feeble	girl,	who	have	not	~ong	to	live,
	Whose	heart	is	broken?	Seek	another
	wife,
	Better	than	I,	and	fairer	;	and	let	not
	Thy	rash	and	headlong	moods	estrange	her
	from	thee.
	Thou	art	unhappy	in	this	hopeless	passion.
	I	never	sought	thy	love	;	never	did	aught
	To	make	thee	love	me.	Yet	I	pity	thee,
	And	most	of	all	I	pity	thy	wild	heart,
	That	hurries	thee	to	crimes	and	deeds	of
	blood.
	Beware,	beware	of	that.
	Bart.	For	thy	dear	sake
	1	will	be	gentle.	Thou	shalt	teach	me
	patience.
	Prec.	1	hen	take	this	farewell,	and	depart;
	in	peace.
	Thou	must	not	linger	here.
	Bart.	Come,	come	with	me.
	Prec.	Hark	!	I	hear	footsteps.
	Bart.	I	entreat	thee,	come	1
	Prec.	Away	!	It	is	in	vain.
	Bart.	Wilt	thou	not	come	?
	Prec.	Never	!
	Bart.	Then	woe,	eternal	woe,	upon	thee	!
	Thou	shalt	not	be	another	s.	Thou	shalt
	die.	{Exit.
	Prec.	All	holy	angels	keep	me	in	this
	hour	!
	Spirit	of	her	who	bore	me,	look	upon	me	!
	Mother	of	God,	the	glorified,	protect	me	!
	Christ	and	the	saints,	be	merciful	unto	me	!
	Yet	why	should	I	fear	death	?	What	is	it
	to	die	?
	To	leave	all	disappointment,	care,	and	sor
	row,
	To	leave	all	falsehood,	treachery,	and	un-
	kindness,
	All	ignominy,	suffering,	and	despair,
	And	be	at	rest	forever	!	O	dull	heart,
	Be	of	good	cheer	!	When	thou	shalt	cease
	to	beat,
	Then	shalt	thou	cease	to	suffer	and	com
	plain	!
	(Enter	VICTORIAN	and	HYPOLITO	behind.)
	Viet.	T	is	she	!	Behold,	how	beautiful
	she	stands
	Under	the	tent-like	trees	!
	Hyp.	A	woodland	nymph	!
	Viet.	I	pray	thee,	stand	aside.	Leave	me.
	Hyp.	Be	wary.
	Do	not	betray	thyself	too	soon.
	Viet,	(disguising	his	voice}.	Hist	!	Gypsy	I
	Prec.	(aside,	with	emotion).	That	voice	I
	that	voice	from	heaven	!	Oh,	speak
	again	!
	Who	is	it	calls	?


THE	DIVINE	TRAGEDY
	387
	JOHN.
	With	what	divine	compassion	in	his	eyes
	The	Master	looks	upon	this	eager	youth,
	As	if	He	loved	him	!
	CHKISTUS.
	Wouldst	thou	perfect	be,
	Sell	all	thou	hast,	and	give	it	to	the	poor,
	And	come,	take	up	thy	cross,	and	follow	me,
	And	thou	shalt	have	thy	treasure	in	the
	heavens.
	JOHN.
	Behold,	how	sorrowful	he	turns	away	!
	CHKISTUS.
	Children	!	how	hard	it	is	for	them	that	trust
	In	riches	to	enter	into	the	kingdom	of	God	!
	T	is	easier	for	a	camel	to	go	through
	A	needle	s	eye,	than	for	the	rich	to	enter
	The	kingdom	of	God	!
	JOHN.
	Ah,	who	then	can	be	saved	?
	CHRISTUS.
	With	men	this	is	indeed	impossible,
	But	unto	God	all	things	are	possible	!
	Behold,	we	have	left	all,	and	followed	thee.
	What	shall	we	have	therefor	?
	CHRISTUS.
	IX
	Eternal	life.
	AT	BETHANY
	MARTHA	busy	about	household	affairs.	MARY
	sitting	at	the	feet	of	CHRISTUS.
	MARTHA.
	She	sitteth	idly	at	the	Master	s	feet,
	And	troubles	not	herself	with	household
	cares.
	T	is	the	old	story.	When	a	guest	arrives
	She	gives	up	all	to	be	with	him	;	while	I
	Must	be	the	drudge,	make	ready	the	guest-
	chamber,
	Prepare	the	food,	set	everything	in	order,
	And	see	that	naught	is	wanting	in	the	house.
	She	shows	her	love	by	words,	and	I	by
	works.
	Master	!	when	thou	comest,	it	is	always
	A	Sabbath	in	the	house.	I	cannot	work	;
	1	must	sit	at	thy	feet	;	must	see	thee,	hear
	thee!
	I	have	a	feeble,	wayward,	doubting	heart,
	Incapable	of	endurance	or	great	thoughts,
	Striving	for	something	that	it	cannot	reach.
	Baffled	and	disappointed,	wounded,	hungry	j
	And	only	when	I	hear	thee	am	I	happy,
	And	only	when	I	see	thee	am	at	peace	!
	Stronger	than	I,	and	wiser,	and	far	better
	In	every	manner,	is	my	sister	Martha.
	Thou	seest	how	well	she	orders	everything
	To	make	thee	welcome	;	how	she	comes
	and	goes,
	Careful	and	cumbered	ever	with	much
	serving,
	While	I	but	welcome	thee	with	foolish
	words	!
	Whene	er	thou	speakest	to	me,	I	am
	happy	;
	When	thou	art	silent,	I	am	satisfied.
	Thy	presence	is	enough.	I	ask	no	more.
	Only	to	be	with	thee,	only	to	see	thee,
	Sufficeth	me.	My	heart	is	then	at	rest.
	I	wonder	I	am	worthy	of	so	much.
	MARTHA.
	Lord,	dost	thou	care	not	that	my	sister
	Mary
	Hath	left	me	thus	to	wait	on	thee	alone	?
	I	pray	thee,	bid	her	help	me.
	CHRISTUS.
	Martha,	Martha,
	Careful	and	troubled	about	many	things
	Art	thou,	and	yet	one	thing	alone	is	need
	ful	!
	Thy	sister	Mary	hath	chosen	that	good
	part,
	Which	never	shall	be	taken	away	from	her	1
	BORN	BLIND
	A	JEW.
	Who	is	this	beggar	blinking	in	the	sun	?
	Is	it	not	he	who	used	to	sit	and	beg
	By	the	Gate	Beautiful	?
	ANOTHER.
	It	is	the	same.


INDEX
	317
	Meadow-mouse,	48	et	seq.;
	common,	51;	general	habits,
	56;	plague	of,	58;	preven-
	tion	of	plagues,	62	;	food	of,
	65	;	damage	from,	66	;	pre-
	vention	measures,	68;	pro-
	tection	of	orchards	against,
	70.
	Merriam,	Dr.	C.	Hart,	119,
	122,	197,	245.
	Mink,	242;	life	of,	254;	value
	of,	256	;	trapping,	257	;	cul-
	tivation	for	profit,	258	;
	care	of,	260.
	Minkeries,	259.
	Mole-gopher,	113.
	Moles,	194;	under	the	lawn,
	194;	strength	of,	196;
	methods	of,	197;	star-nosed
	mole,	198.
	Montgomery,	F.	U.,	9.
	Moose,	273.
	Mountain	goat,	282.
	Mouse,	37	et	scq.;	pantry-
	mouse,	37	;	meadow-mouse,
	48	;	Japanese	dancing
	mouse,	38;	prevalence	of,
	40;	carry	bacilli,	41;	musi-
	cal,	43;	prairie	mouse,	53;
	food	habits,	55;	wild	habits,
	56;	pine	mouse,	53;	deer
	mouse,	68	;	pocket	mouse,
	68;	harvest	mouse,	68.
	Musk-hog,	Texan,	282.
	Muskrat,	76	ct	seq.;	mischief
	done	by,	76	;	value	of,	78	;
	as	a	food,	80	;	recipe	for
	cooking,	82;	trapping,	84;
	preparation	of	pelt,	88;
	cultivation	of,	89;	possibil-
	ities,	90;	suitable	places
	and	proper	care,	91.
	Nelson,	E.	W.,	66.
	Orchards,	protection	of
	against	mice,	70;	against
	rabbits,	173.
	Osgood,	W.	H.,	213,	250,	269.
	Otter,	263.
	Peccary,	273.
	Pack-rat,	101	et	seq.;	thiev-
	ing	propensities,	102.
	Pekan,	243.
	Pennant's	marten,	243.
	Pantry-mouse,	37	et	seq.
	Pest	of	wild	horses,	280.
	Phosphorus,	use	of	in	destroy-
	ing	pests,	290.
	Pinc-marlen,	242.
	Pine-mouse,	51,	53;	food	hab-
	its,	55.
	Piper,	Stanley	E.,	60.
	Pocket-mouse,	08.
	Poisoning	nnd	trapping,	direc-
	tions,	288	ct	seq.;	waste	of
	effort,	288	;	phosphorus	and
	arsenic,	290;	virtues	of
	strychnine,	292;	poisoning
	rats	and	house	mice,	294	;
	poisoning	field-mice,	296;
	poisoning	rabbits,	29S;
	poisoning	prairie	dogs,	299;


ABOUT	SWEDENBORG.	61
	neither	leisure	nor	inclination,	even	if	he	had	had
	the	power,	to	prognosticate	its	redeeming	virtue	upon
	the	progress	of	the	human	mind.	But	he	had	no
	such	prophetic	faculty,	even	in	reference	to	the	events
	he	was	daily	witnessing	in	the	world	of	spirits,	much
	less,	therefore,	in	reference	to	the	contingencies	of
	God	s	order	in	this	lower	or	universal	world.	In
	deed,	he	tells	us	that	when	he	asked	the	angels	what
	their	judgment	was,	as	to	the	specific	effects	which
	would	follow	upon	earth	from	the	events	occurring
	in	the	world	of	spirits,	they	were	completely	unable
	to	satisfy	his	curiosity	in	that	behalf.	They	replied,
	in	effect,	that	they	knew	just	as	little	of	the	specific
	future	as	he	did	future	events	being	present	only
	to	the	Divine	mind	and	that	all	they	felt	sure
	of	in	general	was,	that	the	old	spiritual	tyranny
	under	which	the	human	mind	had	baen	so	helplessly
	stifled,	being	now	at	last	effectually	dissipated	by
	the	breaking	up	of	the	ecclesiastical	heavens,	Popish
	and	Protestant	alike,	freethinking	in	religious	things
	would	be	henceforth	the	divinely	guaranteed	basis
	of	the	Church	on	earth.	And	if	freethinking	or
	scepticism	in	religious	things	the	things	of	the
	intellect	be	henceforth	the	normal	attitude	of	the
	natural	mind	as	a	consequence	of	the	last	Judgment,
	surely	nothing	could	have	well	seemed	more	pre
	posterous	to	Swedenborg	than	to	think	of	ever	again
	elevating	the	discredited	banner	of	Authority.


HEBE	175
	Oh,	whither,	whither,	glory-winged	dreams,
	From	out	Life's	sweat	and	turmoil	would	ye
	bear	me	?
	Shut,	gates	of	Fancy,	on	your	golden	gleams,
	This	agony	of	hopeless	contrast	spare	me	!
	Fade,	cheating	glow,	and	leave	me	to	my	night	!
	He	is	a	coward,	who	would	borrow
	A	charm	against	the	present	sorrow
	From	the	vague	Future's	promise	of	delight:
	As	life's	alarums	nearer	roll,
	The	ancestral	buckler	calls,
	Self	-clanging	from	the	walls
	In	the	high	temple	of	the	soul	;
	Where	are	most	sorrows,	there	the	poet's	sphere	is,
	To	feed	the	soul	with	patience,
	To	heal	its	desolations
	With	words	of	unshorn	truth,	with	love	that	never
	wearies.
	HEBE
	I	SAW	the	twinkle	of	white	feet,
	I	saw	the	flash	of	robes	descending	;
	Before	her	ran	an	influence	fleet,
	That	bowed	my	heart	like	barley	bending.
	As,	in	bare	fields,	the	searching	bees
	Pilot	to	blooms	beyond	our	finding,
	It	led	me	on,	by	sweet	degrees
	Joy's	simple	honey-cells	unbinding.


THE	LIFE	IMMORTAL	149
	its	graces	here,	inspired	by	its	thought,	ex-
	alted	our	ideals	and	helped	us	by	its	good-
	ness	;	that	has	transformed	our	evil	into
	penitence,	has	moved	upon	the	waters	of
	our	soul,	inspired	our	hopes,	led	us	in	love,
	spent	itself	for	us,	and	made	us	long	for	its
	own	goodness.	Have	such	not	led	us	out
	beyond	their	graves,	and	in	their	light	have
	we	not	seen	the	unseen	world?	We	feel
	their	spirits	do	not	leave	us.	They	are
	immortal	here	when	they	are	gone.	They
	live	with	us,	and	still	uphold	and	guide	us,
	strengthen	our	weakened	hands	and	still
	rebuke	us	for	our	sins	and	help	us	by	their
	love.
	Do	they	do	this,	and	yet	can	we	say	they
	themselves	are	not?	Do	they	not	say,
	"	I	live	;	because	I	live	ye	also	shall	not
	die"?
	How	often	God	and	heaven	are	with	us
	here,	although	we	wist	it	not	!	Some	day
	"We	shall	behold	thee,	face	to	face,
	O	God,	and	in	thy	light	retrace
	How	in	all	we	loved	here,	still	wast	thou	!	"
	The	words	such	lives	repeat	to	us


294
	V/essels:	were	required	to	take;	later	it	was	moved	to	its
	present	position	as	the	last	course	that	the
	sophomore	student	takes	before	he	qualifies	for	a
	major.	It	is	now	sort	of	a	filter	course,	still
	there.	Mr.	Allen	and	Mr.	Kasten	taught	it	and	I
	taught	it	ray	last	semester.	It	is	a	course	which
	even	historians	are	finding	useful	"because	they	find
	out,	for	instance,	how	wax	painting	is	done,	how	egg
	tempera	and	gold	leafing	are	done.	All	the	business
	about	permanent	paintings,	everything	about	stretching
	canvasses,	preparing	surfaces,	preparing	walls,	all
	the	cookbook	matters	that	artists	are	apt	to	overlook
	in	these	days	of	metaphysical	expression.
	But	the	need	for	the	course,	it	seemed	to	me,	and
	one	of	the	reasons	why	we	have	insisted	on	its	im
	portance,	is	because	the	present	day	avant	garde	paint
	ings	simply	fall	apart	a	few	years	after	they	are	made.
	The	painters	have	lost	touch	with	the	craftsman	and
	this	then	is	a	return	to	the	idea	of	honest	craft	in
	producing	a	work	of	art.	There	are	ways	of	doing	things
	which	are	permanent,	which	give	exactly	the	same	artistic
	effect	as	impermanent	ways	of	doing	things.	You	can	t
	tell	when	you	get	the	painting	whether	it	has	been
	permanently	done	or	not.	The	artist	has	to	be	honest


'Paradise	Lost.	IBK.	i.
	Dilated	or	condens't,	bright	or	obscure,
	Can	execute	their	aerie	purposes,	430
	And	works	of	love	or	enmity	fulfill.
	For	those	the	Race	of	Israel	oft	forsook
	Their	living	strength,	and	unfrequented	left
	His	righteous	Altar,	bowing	lowly	down
	To	bestial	Gods;	for	which	their	heads	as	low
	Bow'd	down	in	Battel,	sunk	before	the	Spear
	Of	despicable	foes.	With	these	in	troop
	Came	Astoreth,	whom	the	Phoenicians	call'd
	Astarte,	Queen	of	Heav'n,	with	crescent	Horns;
	To	whose	bright	Image	nightly	by	the	Moon	440
	Sidonian	Virgins	paid	their	Vows	and	Songs,
	In	Sion	also	not	unsung,	where	stood
	Her	Temple	on	th'	offensive	Mountain,	built
	By	that	uxorious	King,	whose	heart	though	large,
	Beguil'd	by	fair	Idolatresses,	fell
	To	Idols	foul.	Thammuz	came	next	behind,
	Whose	annual	wound	in	Lebanon	allur'd
	The	Syrian	Damsels	to	lament	his	fate
	In	amorous	dittyes	all	a	Summers	day,
	While	smooth	Adonis	from	his	native	Rock	450
	Ran	purple	to	the	Sea,	suppos'd	with	blood
	Of	Thammuz	yearly	wounded	:	the	Love-tale
	Infected	Sions	daughters	with	like	heat,
	Whose	wanton	passions	in	the	sacred	Porch
	Ezekiel	saw,	when	by	the	Vision	led
	His	eye	survay'd	the	dark	Idolatries
	Of	alienated	Judah.	Next	came	one
	Who	mourn'd	in	earnest,	when	the	Captive	Ark
	Maim'd	his	brute	Image,	head	and	hands	lopt	off
	In	his	own	Temple,	on	the	grunsel	edge,	460
	Where	he	fell	flat,	and	sham'd	his	Worshipers:
	Dagon	his	Name,	Sea	Monster,	upward	Man
	And	downward	Fish	:	yet	had	his	Temple	high
	Rear'd	in	Azotus>	dreaded	through	the	Coast
	Of	Palestine	\	in	Gath	and	Ascalon^
	And	Accaron	and	Gaza's	frontier	bounds.
	Him	folio	w'd	Rimmon,	whose	delightful	Seat
	Was	fair	Damascus^	on	the	fertil	Banks
	Of	Abbana	and	Pharphar^	lucid	streams.
	He	also	against	the	house	of	God	was	bold	:	470


CORRESPONDENCE.	375
	TO	MR.	LEWIS	E.	BECK,	ALBANY.
	I	thank	you,	Sir,	for	your	pamphlet	on	the	climate	of	the	west,
	and	have	read	it	with	great	satisfaction.	Although	it	does	not
	yet	establish	a	satisfactory	theory,	it	is	an	additional	step	towards
	it.	Mine	was	perhaps	the	first	attempt,	not	to	form	a	theory,	but
	to	bring	together	the	few	facts	then	known,	and	suggest	them	to
	public	attention.	They	were	written	between	forty	and	fifty
	years	ago,	before	the	close	of	the	revolutionary	war,	when	the
	western	country	was	a	wilderness,	untrodden	but	by	the	foot	of
	the	savage	or	the	hunter.	It	is	now	flourishing	in	population
	and	science,	and	after	a	few	years	more	of	observation	and	col
	lection	of	facts,	they	will	doubtless	furnish	a	theory	of	solid
	foundation.	Years	are	requisite	for	this,	steady	attention	to	the
	thermometer,	to	the	plants	growing	there,	the	times	of	their	leaf
	ing	and	flowering,	its	animal	inhabitants,	beasts,	birds,	reptiles
	and	insects	;	its	prevalent	winds,	quantities	of	rain	and	snow,
	temperature	of	fountains,	and	other	indexes	of	climate.	We
	want	this	indeed	for	all	the	States,	and	the	work	should	be	re
	peated	once	or	twice	in	a	century,	to	show	the	effect	of	clearing
	and	culture	towards	changes	of	climate.	My	Notes	give	a	very
	imperfect	idea	of	what	our	climate	was,	half	a	century	ago,	at
	this	place,	which	being	nearly	central	to	the	State	may	be	taken
	for	its	medium.	Latterly,	after	seven	years	of	close	and	exact
	observation,	I	have	prepared	an	estimate	of	what	it	is	now,	which
	may	some	day	be	added	to	the	former	work	;	and	I	hope	some
	thing	like	this	is	doing	in	the	other	States,	which,	when	all
	shall	be	brought	together,	may	produce	theories	meriting	con
	fidence.	I	trust	that	yourself	will	not	be	inattentive	to	this	ser
	vice,	and	that	to	that	of	the	present	epoch	you	may	be	able	to
	add	a	second	at	the	distance	of	another	half	century.	With	this
	wish	accept	the	assurance	of	my	respectful	consideration.


NORUMBEGA	HALL
	239
	Bless	the	young	hands	that	culled	the	gift,
	And	bless	the	hearts	that	prompted	it	;
	If	undeserved	it	comes,	at	least
	It	seems	not	all	unfit.
	Of	old	my	Quaker	ancestors
	Had	gifts	of	forty	stripes	save	one	;
	To-day	as	many	roses	crown
	The	gray	head	of	their	son.
	And	with	them,	to	my	fancy	s	eye,
	The	fresh-faced	givers	smiling	come,
	And	nine	and	thirty	happy	girls
	Make	glad	a	lonely	room.
	They	bring	the	atmosphere	of	youth	;
	The	light	and	warmth	of	long	ago
	Are	in	my	heart,	and	on	my	cheek
	The	airs	of	morning	blow.
	O	buds	of	girlhood,	yet	unblown,
	And	fairer	than	the	gift	ye	chose,
	For	you	may	years	like	leaves	unfold
	The	heart	of	Sharon	s	rose	!
	THE	REUNION
	Read	September	10,	1885,	to	the	surviving-
	students	of	HaverhiU	Academy	in	1827-1830.
	THE	gulf	of	seven	and	fifty	years
	We	stretch	our	welcoming	hands	across	;
	The	distance	but	a	pebble	s	toss
	Between	us	and	our	youth	appears.
	For	in	life	s	school	we	linger	on
	The	remnant	of	a	once	full	list	;
	Conning	our	lessons,	undismissed,
	With	faces	to	the	setting	sun.
	And	some	have	gone	the	unknown	way,
	And	some	await	the	call	to	rest	;
	Who	knoweth	whether	it	is	best
	For	those	who	went	or	those	who	stay	?
	And	yet	despite	of	loss	and	ill,
	If	faith	and	love	and	hope	remain,
	Our	length	of	days	is	not	in	vain,
	And	life	is	well	worth	living	still.
	Still	to	a	gracious	Providence
	The	thanks	of	grateful	hearts	are	due,
	For	blessings	when	our	lives	were	new,
	For	all	the	good	vouchsafed	us	since.
	The	pain	that	spared	us	sorer	hurt,
	The	wish	denied,	the	purpose	crossed,
	And	pleasure	s	fond	occasions	lost,
	Were	mercies	to	our	small	desert.
	T	is	something	that	we	wander	back,
	Gray	pilgrims,	to	our	ancient	ways,
	And	tender	memories	of	old	days
	Walk	with	us	by	the	Merrimac	;
	That	even	in	life	s	afternoon
	A	sense	of	youth	comes	back	again,
	As	through	this	cool	September	rain
	The	still	green	woodlands	dream	of	June.
	The	eyes	grown	dim	to	present	things
	Have	keener	sight	for	bygone	years,
	And	sweet	and	clear,	in	deafening	ears,
	The	bird	that	sang	at	morning	sings.
	Dear	comrades,	scattered	wide	and	far,
	Send	from	their	homes	their	kindly	word,
	And	dearer	ones,	unseen,	unheard,
	Smile	on	us	from	some	heavenly	star.
	For	life	and	death	with	God	are	one,
	Unchanged	by	seeming	change	His	care
	And	love	are	round	us	here	and	there	;
	He	breaks	no	thread	His	hand	has	spun.
	Soul	touches	soul,	the	muster	roll
	Of	life	eternal	has	no	gaps	;
	And	after	half	a	century	s	lapse
	Our	school-day	ranks	are	closed	and	whole.
	Hail	and	farewell	!	We	go	our	way	;
	Where	shadows	end,	we	trust	in	light	;
	The	star	that	ushers	in	the	night
	Is	herald	also	of	the	day	!
	NORUMBEGA	HALL
	Norumbega	Hall	at	Wellesley	College,
	named	in	honor	of	Eben	Norton	Horsford,	who
	was	one	of	the	most	munificent	patrons	of
	that	noble	institution,	and	who	had	just	pub
	lished	an	essay	claiming-	the	discovery	of	the
	site	of	the	somewhat	mythical	city	of	Norum-
	bega,	was	opened	with	appropriate	ceremonies,
	in	April,	1886.	The	following	1	sonnet	was	writ
	ten	for	the	occasion,	and	was	read	by	President
	Alice	E.	Freeman,	to	whom	it	was	addressed.
	NOT	on	Penobscot	s	wooded	bank	the	spires
	Of	the	sought	City	rose,	nor	yet	beside
	OF	THE
	UNIVERSITY


270
	ANTI-SLAVERY	POEMS
	But	dearer	the	blast	round	our	mountains
	which	raves,
	Than	the	sweet	summer	zephyr	which
	breathes	over	slaves	!
	"	Pull	low	at	thy	bidding	thy	negroes	may
	kneel,
	With	the	iron	of	bondage	on	spirit	and
	heel	;
	Yet	know	that	the	Yankee	girl	sooner
	would	be
	In	fetters	with	them,	than	in	freedom	with
	thee	!	"
	THE	HUNTERS	OF	MEN
	These	lines	were	written	when	the	orators	of
	the	American	Colonization	Society	were	de
	manding	that	the	free	blacks	should	be	sent	to
	Africa,	and	opposing-	Emancipation	unless	ex
	patriation	followed.	See	the	report	of	the	pro
	ceedings	of	the	society	at	its	annual	meeting
	in	1834.
	HAVE	ye	heard	of	our	hunting,	o	er	moun
	tain	and	glen,
	Through	cane-brake	and	forest,	the	hunt
	ing	of	men	?
	The	lords	of	our	land	to	this	hunting	have
	gone,
	As	the	fox-hunter	follows	the	sound	of	the
	horn	;
	Hark	!	the	cheer	and	the	hallo	!	the	crack
	of	the	whip,
	And	the	yell	of	the	hound	as	he	fastens	his
	grip	!
	All	blithe	are	our	hunters,	and	noble	their
	match,
	Though	hundreds	are	caught,	there	are	mil
	lions	to	catch.
	So	speed	to	their	hunting,	o	er	mountain
	and	glen,
	Through	cane-brake	and	forest,	the	hunt
	ing	of	men	!
	Gay	luck	to	our	hunters	!	how	nobly	they
	ride
	In	the	glow	of	their	zeal,	and	the	strength
	of	their	pride	!
	The	priest	with	his	cassock	flung	back	on
	the	wind,
	Just	screening	the	politic	statesman	behind	;
	The	saint	and	the	sinner,	with	cursing	and
	prayer,
	The	drunk	and	the	sober,	ride	merrily	there.
	And	woman,	kind	woman,	wife,	widow,	and
	maid,
	For	the	good	of	the	hunted,	is	lending	her
	aid	:
	Her	foot	s	in	the	stirrup,	her	hand	on	the
	rein,
	How	blithely	she	rides	to	the	hunting	of
	men	!
	I	Oh,	goodly	and	grand	is	our	hunting	to	see,
	In	this	"	land	of	the	brave	and	this	home	of
	the	free."
	Priest,	warrior,	and	statesman,	from	Geor
	gia	to	Maine,
	All	mounting	the	saddle,	all	grasping	the
	rein	;
	Right	merrily	hunting	the	black	man,	whose
	sin
	Is	the	curl	of	his	hair	and	the	hue	of	his
	skin	!
	Woe,	now,	to	the	hunted	who	turns	him	at
	bay	!
	Will	our	hunters	be	turned	from	their	pur
	pose	and	prey	?
	Will	their	hearts	fail	within	them	?	their
	nerves	tremble,	when
	Will	roughly	they	ride	to	the	hunting	of	men?
	Ho	!	alms	for	our	hunters	I	all	weary	and
	faint,
	Wax	the	curse	of	the	sinner	and	prayer	of
	the	saint.
	The	horn	is	wound	faintly,	the	echoes	are
	still,
	Over	cane-brake	and	river,	and	forest	and
	hill.
	Haste,	alms	for	our	hunters	!	the	hunted
	once	more
	Have	turned	from	their	flight	with	their
	backs	to	the	shore	:
	What	right	have	they	here	in	the	home	of
	the	white,
	Shadowed	o	er	by	our	banner	of	Freedom
	and	Right	?
	Ho	!	alms	for	the	hunters	!	or	never	again
	Will	they	ride	in	their	pomp	to	the	hunting
	of	men	!
	Alms,	alms	for	our	hunters	!	why	will	ye	de-
	la	Y
	When	their	pride	and	their	glory	are	melt
	ing	away	?
	The	parson	has	turned	;	for,	on	charge	of
	his	own,


-
	266
	The	Evolving	Understanding	of	Soil	and	a	Conceptual
	Framework	for	Soil	Science
	Stuart:	How	do	you	define	science?
	Jenny:	It	is	a	way	of	looking	at	nature	and	thus	it	deals	with	sense
	impressions,	hence	I	would	not	include	logic	and	math	as	sciences*
	There	are	two	broad	fields	in	science:	(1)	systems	analysis,	and
	(2)	reductionism.	Both	of	them	depend	on	curiosity:	trying	to
	understand	nature	and	your	environment	trying	to	understand	what
	is	going	on.	Why	it	is	the	way	it	is,	in	terms	of	systems	analysis
	and	reductionism.
	Stuart:	What	is	soil	science?
	Jenny:	I	would	say	that	science	has	to	do	with	ideas,	theory,	and	hypo
	theses.	For	example,	I	wouldn't	call	the	new	taxonomy	a	scientific
	piece	of	work,	or	the	description	of	a	profile.	It	is	no	more
	scientific	than	a	cookbook	recipe,	unless	the	facts	are	tied	to
	theories.
	Stuart:	What	would	you	say	Soil	Taxonomy	is	based	on?
	Jenny:	I	don't	see	any	guiding	principles.	To	me	it	is	not	made	clear	why
	there	are	ten	orders	and	not	nine	or	twelve.	I	don't	see	any
	scientific	background.	It	is	very	"specific"	but	not	scientific.
	It	is	a	bureaucrat's	delight.	But	I	don't	have	anything	better	to
	offer.	It	is	better	than	what	we	had	before.
	G.D.	Smith	developed	it.	He	was	one	of	my	students.	He	got
	an	M.S.	with	me.	When	I	was	head	of	the	department	at	Berkeley,	I
	offered	him	a	job	to	come	here	but	he	said	no.	I	think	of	Marbut
	and	Smith	as	two	thinkers	in	soil	science.
	Soil	Taxonomy	is	the	product	of	a	group	effort.	Smith	had	to	make
	a	lot	of	compromises.	The	product	contains	a	conceptual	background
	but	it	is	not	spelled	out.	It's	not	spelled	out	why	clay	is	used
	as	a	high	level	criterium	and	not	pH.	They	go	back	to	an	English
	philosopher	in	their	philosophy	of	taxonomy	(J.S.	Mill),	but	I'm
	not	sure	that	he	was	right.
	Smith	tried	very	hard	to	conceptualize	it	but	it	got	started
	for	practical	reasons.	Smith	got	his	M.S.	under	me	at	Missouri	and
	later	went	to	work	for	[Charles]	Kellogg	as	a	soil	coordinator.	He
	told	him	he	couldn't	do	this	soil	coordination	work	until	there	was
	a	better	system	of	soil	classification.	He	convinced	Kellogg	that
	the	soil	classification	system	at	that	time	(1935)	was	illogical
	and	not	good	for	doing	a	good	job	of	coordinating	soils.