TERMS / PROXIMITY

Terms:
term -- stemmed / normalized term
"term" -- unstemmed / unnormalized term
#base64( ... ) -- converts from base64 -> ascii and then stems and
normalizes. useful for including non-parsable terms in a query
#base64quote( ... ) -- same as #base64 except the the ascii term is
unstemmed and unnormalized

Examples:
dogs
"NASA"
#base64(Wyh1Lm4ucC5hLnIucy5hLmIubC5lLild) -- equivalent to query term
[(u.n.p.a.r.s.a.b.l.e.)]

Proximity terms:
#odN( ... ) -- ordered window -- terms must appear ordered, with at most N-1 terms
between each
#N( ... ) -- same as #odN
#uwN( ... ) unordered window -- all terms must appear within window of length N
in any order
#uw( ... ) -- unlimited unordered window -- all terms must appear within current context
in any order

Examples:
#1(white house) -- matches "white house" as an exact phrase
#2(white house) -- matches "white * house" (where * is any word or null)
#uw2(white house) -- matches "white house" and "house white"

Synonyms:
#syn( ... )
{ ... }
< ... >

Each of these forms does the same thing. They treat all of the expressions listed as the same
term.

Examples:
#syn( #1(united states) #1(united states of america) )
{dog canine}
<#1(light bulb) lightbulb>

NOTE: The arguments given to this operator can only be term/proximity expressions.

"Any" operator:
#any -- used to match extent types

Examples:
#any:PERSON -- matches any occurence of a PERSON extent
#1(napolean died in #any:DATE) -- matches exact phrases of the form:
"napolean died in <date>...</date>"

Field restriction / evaluation:
expression.f1,,...,fN(c1,...,cN) -- matches when the expression appears
in field f1 AND f2 AND ... AND fN and evaluates the expression using the
language model defined by the concatenation of fields c1...cN within the
document.

Examples:
dog.title -- matches the term dog appearing in a title extent (uses
document language model)

#1(trevor strohman).person -- matches the phrase "trevor strohman" when it
appears in a person extent (uses document language model)

dog.(title) -- evaluates the term based on the title language model for
the document

#1(trevor strohman).person(header) -- builds a language model from all of
the "header" text in the document and evaluates #1(trevor strohman).person
in that context (matches only the exact phrase appearing within a person
extent within the header context)

COMBINING BELIEFS

Belief operators:
#sum
#wsum
#wand (weighted and)
#or
#combine
#weight
#max
#not
#band (boolean and)

Examples:
#combine( <dog canine> training )
#combine( #1(white house) <#1(president bush) #1(george bush)> )
#weight( 1.0 #1(white house) 2.0 #1(easter egg hunt) )

Extent retrieval:
#beliefop[field]( query ) -- evaluates #beliefop( query ) for all extents
of type "field" in the document and returns a score for each. the language
model used to evaluate the query is formed from the text of the extent.

Example:
#combine[sentence]( #1(napolean died in #any:DATE ) ) -- returns a scored
list of sentence extents that match the given query

NOTE: If you are unsure which belief operator to use, it always "safest" to default to
using the #combine operator. This operator is the best choice for queries that combine
evidence from simple term/proximity expressions.

FILTER OPERATORS

Filter operators:
#filreq -- filter require
#filrej -- filter reject

Examples:
#filreq( sheep #combine(dolly cloning) )
only consider those documents matching the query "sheep" and rank them
according to the query #combine(dolly cloning)

#filrej( parton #combine(dolly cloning) )
only consider those documents NOT matching the query "parton" and rank
them according to the query #combine(dolly cloning)

NOTE: first argument must always be a term/proximity expression

NUMERIC / DATE FIELD OPERATORS

General numeric operators:
#less( F N ) -- matches numeric field extents of type F if value < N
#greater( F N ) -- matches numeric field extents of type F if value > N
#between( F N_low N_high ) -- matches numeric field extents of type F if N_low <= value <= N_high
#equals( F N ) -- matches numeric field extents of type F if value == N

Date operators:
#date:after( D ) -- matches numeric "date" extents if date is after D
#date:before( D ) -- matches numeric "date" extents if date is before D
#date:between( D_low, D_high ) -- matches numeric "date" extents if D_low <= date <= D_high

Accepted date formats:
11 january 2004
11-JAN-04
11-JAN-2004
January 11 2004
01/11/04 (MM/DD/YY)
01/11/2004 (MM/DD/YYYY)

Examples:
#filreq(#less(READINGLEVEL 10) george washington) -- if each document in a collection contained a
numeric tag that specified the reading level of the document, then this query will only retrieve
documents that have a reading level below grade 10 and documents will be ranked according to the
query "george washington".

#combine( european history #date:between( 01/01/1800, 01/01/1900 ) ) -- such a query may be
constructed to find information about 19th century european history, as this query will find
pages that discuss "european history" and contain 19th century dates.

NOTE: The general numeric operators only work on indexed numeric fields, whereas the date
operators are only applicable to a specially indexed numeric field named "date". See the
indexing documentation for more on numeric fields.

DOCUMENT PRIORS

#prior( NAME ) -- creates the document prior specified by the name given

Example:
#combine(#prior(RECENT) global warming) -- we might create a prior named RECENT to be used to
give greater weight to documents that were published more recently.

NOTE: Please see the documentation on priors for more detailed information on how to specify and
use priors.