{"data": [{"paragraphs": [{"context": "Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de M\u00e9xico audio (help\u00b7info) American Spanish: [sju\u02c8\u00f0a(\u00f0) \u00f0e \u02c8m\u00e9xiko]; abbreviated as \"CDMX\"), is the capital of Mexico. As an \"alpha\" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de M\u00e9xico), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres (7,350 ft). The city consists of sixteen municipalities (previously called boroughs). \n\nThe Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world. The city was responsible for generating 15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product and the metropolitan area accounted for about 22% of total national GDP. As a stand-alone country, in 2013, Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America\u2014five times as large as Costa Rica's and about the same size as Peru's.", "qas": [{"question": "Mexico City How much money is domestically made each year?", "answers": [{"text": "US$411 billion", "answer_span": "has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion", "answer_start": 536}], "orig_answer": {"text": "US$411 billion", "answer_span": "has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion", "answer_start": 536}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which year specifically?", "answers": [{"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011", "answer_start": 592}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011", "answer_start": 592}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where at?", "answers": [{"text": "Greater Mexico City", "answer_span": "Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$4", "answer_start": 516}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greater Mexico City", "answer_span": "Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$4", "answer_start": 516}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a small suburb?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " largest metropolitan areas in the world", "answer_start": 660}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " largest metropolitan areas in the world", "answer_start": 660}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What percent of the country's money did it make?", "answers": [{"text": "15.8%", "answer_span": "15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product ", "answer_start": 742}], "orig_answer": {"text": "15.8%", "answer_span": "15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product ", "answer_start": 742}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about the metro?", "answers": [{"text": "about 22%", "answer_span": "metropolitan area accounted for about 22% of total national GDP", "answer_start": 791}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 22%", "answer_span": "metropolitan area accounted for about 22% of total national GDP", "answer_start": 791}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a 'beta' place?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "As an \"alpha\" global city", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "As an \"alpha\" global city", "answer_start": 172}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it then?", "answers": [{"text": "alpha", "answer_span": "As an \"alpha\" global city, Mexico ", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "alpha", "answer_span": "As an \"alpha\" global city, Mexico ", "answer_start": 172}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it found on a mountain?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Valley of Mexico", "answer_start": 296}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Valley of Mexico", "answer_start": 296}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where then?", "answers": [{"text": "Valley of Mexico", "answer_span": " Valley of Mexico", "answer_start": 295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Valley of Mexico", "answer_span": " Valley of Mexico", "answer_start": 295}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How high?", "answers": [{"text": "2,240 metres", "answer_span": "altitude of 2,240 metres", "answer_start": 399}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2,240 metres", "answer_span": "altitude of 2,240 metres", "answer_start": 399}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it unimportant financially?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " important financial centers in the Americas", "answer_start": 229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " important financial centers in the Americas", "answer_start": 229}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many smaller parts is the broken into?", "answers": [{"text": "sixteen", "answer_span": "sixteen municipalities", "answer_start": 457}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sixteen", "answer_span": "sixteen municipalities", "answer_start": 457}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they named?", "answers": [{"text": "municipalities", "answer_span": " municipalities", "answer_start": 464}], "orig_answer": {"text": "municipalities", "answer_span": " municipalities", "answer_start": 464}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they used to have a different name?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "(previously called boroughs", "answer_start": 480}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "(previously called boroughs", "answer_start": 480}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it?", "answers": [{"text": "boroughs", "answer_span": " called boroughs", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "boroughs", "answer_span": " called boroughs", "answer_start": 491}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the 2nd largest money maker in Latino territory?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America", "answer_start": 891}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America", "answer_start": 891}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Then what is it?", "answers": [{"text": "Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America", "answer_span": " Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America", "answer_start": 890}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America", "answer_span": " Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America", "answer_start": 890}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it equal to?", "answers": [{"text": "Peru", "answer_span": "bout the same size as Peru's", "answer_start": 996}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Peru", "answer_span": "bout the same size as Peru's", "answer_start": 996}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it bigger than?", "answers": [{"text": "Costa Rica", "answer_span": "Costa Rica's", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Costa Rica", "answer_span": "Costa Rica's", "answer_start": 978}, "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3i3wadaz9q4h3agmxb26wmxr0y05of"}], "section_title": "Mexico City", "background": "Mexico City", "title": "Mexico City"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A cappella [a kap\u02c8p\u025blla] (Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way. It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style. In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music. The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. \n\nA cappella music was originally used in religious music, especially church music as well as anasheed and zemirot. Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accompanied form, is also usually in a cappella form. Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "qas": [{"question": "A cappella What is Gregorian chant an example of?", "answers": [{"text": "of a cappella singing,", "answer_span": "Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, ", "answer_start": 777}], "orig_answer": {"text": "of a cappella singing,", "answer_span": "Gregorian chant is an example of a cappella singing, ", "answer_start": 777}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that mean?", "answers": [{"text": "singing without instrumental accompaniment,", "answer_span": "music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, ", "answer_start": 69}], "orig_answer": {"text": "singing without instrumental accompaniment,", "answer_span": "music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, ", "answer_start": 69}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it mean in Italian?", "answers": [{"text": "\"in the manner of the chapel\"", "answer_span": "(Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\"", "answer_start": 25}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"in the manner of the chapel\"", "answer_span": "(Italian for \"in the manner of the chapel\"", "answer_start": 25}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the madrigal a cappella?", "answers": [{"text": "Usually", "answer_span": "The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accompanied form, is also usually in a cappella form", "answer_start": 894}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Usually", "answer_span": "The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accompanied form, is also usually in a cappella form", "answer_start": 894}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did someone add instruments?", "answers": [{"text": "in the early Baroque", "answer_span": " The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accompanied form, i", "answer_start": 893}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the early Baroque", "answer_span": " The madrigal, up until its development in the early Baroque into an instrumentally-accompanied form, i", "answer_start": 893}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was most music from the Renaissance a cappella?", "answers": [{"text": "the majority of secular vocal music was", "answer_span": "as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. ", "answer_start": 830}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the majority of secular vocal music was", "answer_span": "as is the majority of secular vocal music from the Renaissance. ", "answer_start": 830}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do religions use it?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1031}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1031}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1031}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1031}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which ones?", "answers": [{"text": "Jewish and Christian", "answer_span": ". Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jewish and Christian", "answer_span": ". Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there another one?", "answers": [{"text": "Islam", "answer_span": "Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1031}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Islam", "answer_span": "Jewish and Christian music were originally a cappella,[citation needed] and this practice has continued in both of these religions as well as in Islam.", "answer_start": 1031}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a synonym for alla breve?", "answers": [{"text": "A cappella", "answer_span": "The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 594}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A cappella", "answer_span": "The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 594}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How often is it used that way?", "answers": [{"text": "rarely", "answer_span": "The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 594}], "orig_answer": {"text": "rarely", "answer_span": "The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 594}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is accompanied singing called?", "answers": [{"text": "cantata", "answer_span": "It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. ", "answer_start": 198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cantata", "answer_span": "It contrasts with cantata, which is accompanied singing. ", "answer_start": 198}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did a cappella always mean unaccompanied singing?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style. ", "answer_start": 255}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style. ", "answer_start": 255}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it have something to do with Polyphony?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony ", "answer_start": 255}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony ", "answer_start": 255}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what kind?", "answers": [{"text": "Renaissance", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "answer_start": 255}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Renaissance", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "answer_start": 255}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is this different from Baroque concertato", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "answer_start": 255}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The term \"a cappella\" was originally intended to differentiate between Renaissance polyphony and Baroque concertato style.", "answer_start": 255}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did a cappella get it's current meaning?", "answers": [{"text": "In the 19th century", "answer_span": "In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music. The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 378}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In the 19th century", "answer_span": "In the 19th century a renewed interest in Renaissance polyphony coupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music. The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 378}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was this due to some kind of ignorance?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "oupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music. The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 443}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "oupled with an ignorance of the fact that vocal parts were often doubled by instrumentalists led to the term coming to mean unaccompanied vocal music. The term is also used, albeit rarely, as a synonym for alla breve. ", "answer_start": 443}, "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3u0srxb7cd5oqce8t3fwky2i253nrd"}], "section_title": "A cappella", "background": "A cappella", "title": "A cappella"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation, such as Regulations and Directives, which have direct effect or indirect effect on the laws of European Union member states. The three sources of European Union law are primary law, secondary law and supplementary law. The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union. Secondary sources include regulations and directives which are based on the Treaties. The legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union, which under the Treaties may establish secondary law to pursue the objective set out in the Treaties. \n\nEuropean Union law is applied by the courts of member states and the Court of Justice of the European Union. Where the laws of member states provide for lesser rights European Union law can be enforced by the courts of member states. In case of European Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives, the European Commission can take proceedings against the member state under the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law. Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice, international law and general principles of European Union law.", "qas": [{"question": "European Union law Is the European Union law  a body?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "European Union law is a body of treaties", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "European Union law is a body of treaties", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "of what?", "answers": [{"text": "of treaties and legislation", "answer_span": "European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "of treaties and legislation", "answer_span": "European Union law is a body of treaties and legislation", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many sources of EU law are there?", "answers": [{"text": "Three", "answer_span": "The three sources of European Union law", "answer_start": 183}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "The three sources of European Union law", "answer_start": 183}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one?", "answers": [{"text": "primary law", "answer_span": "The three sources of European Union law are primary law", "answer_start": 183}], "orig_answer": {"text": "primary law", "answer_span": "The three sources of European Union law are primary law", "answer_start": 183}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any others?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "secondary law and supplementary law", "answer_start": 240}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "secondary law and supplementary law", "answer_start": 240}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another one?", "answers": [{"text": "secondary law", "answer_span": " European Union law are primary law, secondary law", "answer_start": 203}], "orig_answer": {"text": "secondary law", "answer_span": " European Union law are primary law, secondary law", "answer_start": 203}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is primary law?", "answers": [{"text": "the Treaties establishing the European Union.", "answer_span": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union.", "answer_start": 277}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Treaties establishing the European Union.", "answer_span": "The main sources of primary law are the Treaties establishing the European Union.", "answer_start": 277}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are secondary sources?", "answers": [{"text": "regulations and directives", "answer_span": "Secondary sources include regulations and directives ", "answer_start": 359}], "orig_answer": {"text": "regulations and directives", "answer_span": "Secondary sources include regulations and directives ", "answer_start": 359}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the EU have a legislature?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The legislature of the European Union ", "answer_start": 445}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The legislature of the European Union ", "answer_start": 445}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many bodies make up the legislature?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "he legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,", "answer_start": 446}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "he legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,", "answer_start": 446}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are these?", "answers": [{"text": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,", "answer_span": "he legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,", "answer_start": 446}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,", "answer_span": "he legislature of the European Union is principally composed of the European Parliament and the Council of the European Union,", "answer_start": 446}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they establish secondary law?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "which under the Treaties may establish secondary law", "answer_start": 573}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "which under the Treaties may establish secondary law", "answer_start": 573}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the law applied by courts?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "European Union law is applied by the courts", "answer_start": 677}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "European Union law is applied by the courts", "answer_start": 677}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are Directives?", "answers": [{"text": "law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states,", "answer_span": "uropean Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives", "answer_start": 923}], "orig_answer": {"text": "law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states,", "answer_span": "uropean Union law which should have been transposed into the laws of member states, such as Directives", "answer_start": 923}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there a highest court?", "answers": [{"text": "he European Court of Justice", "answer_span": "he European Court of Justice is the highest court ", "answer_start": 1157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "he European Court of Justice", "answer_span": "he European Court of Justice is the highest court ", "answer_start": 1157}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they do?", "answers": [{"text": "interprets European Union law", "answer_span": "The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law", "answer_start": 1156}], "orig_answer": {"text": "interprets European Union law", "answer_span": "The European Court of Justice is the highest court able to interpret European Union law", "answer_start": 1156}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is an example of a supplementary source of EU law?", "answers": [{"text": "case law by the Court of Justice,", "answer_span": "Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice,", "answer_start": 1245}], "orig_answer": {"text": "case law by the Court of Justice,", "answer_span": "Supplementary sources of European Union law include case law by the Court of Justice,", "answer_start": 1245}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any others?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "nternational law and general principles of European Union law.", "answer_start": 1332}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "nternational law and general principles of European Union law.", "answer_start": 1332}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one?", "answers": [{"text": "international law", "answer_span": "international law ", "answer_start": 1331}], "orig_answer": {"text": "international law", "answer_span": "international law ", "answer_start": 1331}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another?", "answers": [{"text": "general principles of European Union law.", "answer_span": "general principles of European Union law.", "answer_start": 1353}], "orig_answer": {"text": "general principles of European Union law.", "answer_span": "general principles of European Union law.", "answer_start": 1353}, "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "392cy0qwg1rpb51jlb6r7xvrot54id"}], "section_title": "European Union law", "background": "European Union law", "title": "European Union law"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Anglo-Saxons were a people who inhabited Great Britain from the 5th century. They comprise people from Germanic tribes who migrated to the island from continental Europe, their descendants, and indigenous British groups who adopted some aspects of Anglo-Saxon culture and language. Historically, the Anglo-Saxon period denotes the period in Britain between about 450 and 1066, after their initial settlement and up until the Norman conquest. \n\nThe early Anglo-Saxon period includes the creation of an English nation, with many of the aspects that survive today, including regional government of shires and hundreds. During this period, Christianity was established and there was a flowering of literature and language. Charters and law were also established. The term \"Anglo-Saxon\" is popularly used for the language that was spoken and written by the Anglo-Saxons in England and eastern Scotland between at least the mid-5th century and the mid-12th century. In scholarly use, it is more commonly called Old English. \n\nThe history of the Anglo-Saxons is the history of a cultural identity. It developed from divergent groups in association with the people's adoption of Christianity, and was integral to the establishment of various kingdoms. Threatened by extended Danish invasions and military occupation of eastern England, this identity was re-established; it dominated until after the Norman Conquest. The visible Anglo-Saxon culture can be seen in the material culture of buildings, dress styles, illuminated texts and grave goods. Behind the symbolic nature of these cultural emblems, there are strong elements of tribal and lordship ties. The elite declared themselves as kings who developed \"burhs\", and identified their roles and peoples in Biblical terms. Above all, as Helena Hamerow has observed, \"local and extended kin groups remained...the essential unit of production throughout the Anglo-Saxon period.\" The effects persist in the 21st century as, according to a study published in March 2015, the genetic make up of British populations today shows divisions of the tribal political units of the early Anglo-Saxon period.", "qas": [{"question": "Anglo-Saxons who were the anglo-saxons?", "answers": [{"text": "inhabited Great Britain", "answer_span": " inhabited Great Britain", "answer_start": 34}], "orig_answer": {"text": "inhabited Great Britain", "answer_span": " inhabited Great Britain", "answer_start": 34}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "around what century?", "answers": [{"text": "5th century", "answer_span": "5th century", "answer_start": 68}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5th century", "answer_span": "5th century", "answer_start": 68}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how is their language commonly referred to?", "answers": [{"text": "Anglo-Saxon", "answer_span": "Anglo-Saxon", "answer_start": 252}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Anglo-Saxon", "answer_span": "Anglo-Saxon", "answer_start": 252}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it more commonly called?", "answers": [{"text": "Old English", "answer_span": "Old English", "answer_start": 1009}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Old English", "answer_span": "Old English", "answer_start": 1009}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do anglo-saxons come from one group?", "answers": [{"text": "yes mainly from Germanic tribes", "answer_span": "Germanic tribes", "answer_start": 107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes mainly from Germanic tribes", "answer_span": "Germanic tribes", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "roughly what year does the anglo-saxon period begin?", "answers": [{"text": "in Britain between about 450 and 106", "answer_span": "in Britain between about 450 and 106", "answer_start": 342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in Britain between about 450 and 106", "answer_span": "in Britain between about 450 and 106", "answer_start": 342}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "up until what point?", "answers": [{"text": "1066", "answer_span": "1066", "answer_start": 375}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1066", "answer_span": "1066", "answer_start": 375}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does that include after the Norman conquest?", "answers": [{"text": "no up untl", "answer_span": "Norman conquest.", "answer_start": 429}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no up untl", "answer_span": "Norman conquest.", "answer_start": 429}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who were they threatened by from extended invasions?", "answers": [{"text": "Anglo-Saxons", "answer_span": "Anglo-Saxons", "answer_start": 1043}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Anglo-Saxons", "answer_span": "Anglo-Saxons", "answer_start": 1043}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did the elites declare themselves?", "answers": [{"text": "kings", "answer_span": " kings", "answer_start": 1684}], "orig_answer": {"text": "kings", "answer_span": " kings", "answer_start": 1684}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did Helena Hamerow observe?", "answers": [{"text": "kin groups remained...the essential unit", "answer_span": "kin groups remained...the essential unit ", "answer_start": 1835}], "orig_answer": {"text": "kin groups remained...the essential unit", "answer_span": "kin groups remained...the essential unit ", "answer_start": 1835}, "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "33ppo7fecvf2b1kcem7ka1px1e5idr"}], "section_title": "Anglo-Saxons", "background": "Anglo-Saxons", "title": "Anglo-Saxons"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A borough is an administrative division in various English-speaking countries. In principle, the term \"borough\" designates a self-governing walled town, although in practice, official use of the term varies widely. \n\nThe word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\" (England), \"burgh\" (Scotland), \"Burg\" (Germany), \"borg\" (Scandinavia), \"burcht\" (Dutch), \"boarch\" (West Frisian), and the Germanic borrowing present in neighbouring Indo-european languages such as \"borgo\" (Italian), \"bourg\" (French), \"burgo\" (Spanish and Portuguese), \"burg\" (Romanian), \"purg\" (Kajkavian) and \"durg\" (\u0926\u0930\u094d\u0917) (Hindi) and \"arg\" (\u0627\u0631\u06af) (Persian). The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. \n\nIn the Middle Ages, boroughs were settlements in England that were granted some self-government; burghs were the Scottish equivalent. In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament. The use of the word \"borough\" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great. Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy. After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "qas": [{"question": "Borough What does the word borough derive from?", "answers": [{"text": "The common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\"", "answer_span": "The word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\":", "answer_start": 217}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\"", "answer_span": "The word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\":", "answer_start": 217}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does burgz mean anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "Fort", "answer_span": "The word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\":", "answer_start": 217}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Fort", "answer_span": "The word \"borough\" derives from common Proto-Germanic \"*burgz\", meaning \"fort\":", "answer_start": 217}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there an English version?", "answers": [{"text": "Burgh", "answer_span": "(England), \"burgh\"", "answer_start": 339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Burgh", "answer_span": "(England), \"burgh\"", "answer_start": 339}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "brough", "answer_span": "meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\"", "answer_start": 281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "brough", "answer_span": "meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\"", "answer_start": 281}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the last one?", "answers": [{"text": "Bury", "answer_span": " meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\"", "answer_start": 280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bury", "answer_span": " meaning \"fort\": compare with \"bury\", \"burgh\" and \"brough\"", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it indicate if used at the end of a place name?", "answers": [{"text": "It usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.", "answer_span": "The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. ", "answer_start": 698}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements.", "answer_span": "The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. ", "answer_start": 698}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there examples?", "answers": [{"text": "Many", "answer_span": "The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. ", "answer_start": 698}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Many", "answer_span": "The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. ", "answer_start": 698}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are a few?", "answers": [{"text": "Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, and Tilbury", "answer_span": "The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. \n", "answer_start": 698}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, and Tilbury", "answer_span": "The incidence of these words as suffixes to place names (for example, Aldeburgh, Bamburgh, Tilbury, Tilburg, Strasbourg (Strossburi in the local dialect), Luxembourg, Edinburgh, Grundisburgh, Hamburg, Gothenburg) usually indicates that they were once fortified settlements. \n", "answer_start": 698}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were boroughs in England entitled to?", "answers": [{"text": "To elect members of parliament", "answer_span": "In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament", "answer_start": 1108}], "orig_answer": {"text": "To elect members of parliament", "answer_span": "In medieval England, boroughs were also entitled to elect members of parliament", "answer_start": 1108}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During the Middle Ages, who is credited with coining the burghal system?", "answers": [{"text": "Alfred the Great.", "answer_span": "The use of the word \"borough\" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great.", "answer_start": 1189}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Alfred the Great.", "answer_span": "The use of the word \"borough\" probably derives from the burghal system of Alfred the Great.", "answer_start": 1189}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he set up a system?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs)", "answer_start": 1281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs)", "answer_start": 1281}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "A system of weaknesses?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs)", "answer_start": 1281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs)", "answer_start": 1281}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What then?", "answers": [{"text": "A system of defensive strong points", "answer_span": " Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs);", "answer_start": 1280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A system of defensive strong points", "answer_span": " Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs);", "answer_start": 1280}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he call these?", "answers": [{"text": "Burhs", "answer_span": " Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs)", "answer_start": 1280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Burhs", "answer_span": " Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs)", "answer_start": 1280}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he maintain these Burhs?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy.", "answer_start": 1280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy.", "answer_start": 1280}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How?", "answers": [{"text": "He granted them a degree of autonomy.", "answer_span": "Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy.", "answer_start": 1281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "He granted them a degree of autonomy.", "answer_span": "Alfred set up a system of defensive strong points (Burhs); in order to maintain these settlements, he granted them a degree of autonomy.", "answer_start": 1281}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were they ever granted self control?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "answer_start": 1418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "answer_start": 1418}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "After the Norman Conquest", "answer_span": "After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "answer_start": 1418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "After the Norman Conquest", "answer_span": "After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "answer_start": 1418}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the use of the term stay constant?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "answer_start": 1418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "After the Norman Conquest, when certain towns were granted self-governance, the concept of the burh/borough seems to have been reused to mean a self-governing settlement.", "answer_start": 1418}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the Romanian word for borough?", "answers": [{"text": "Burg", "answer_span": "\"burg\" (Romanian)", "answer_start": 607}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Burg", "answer_span": "\"burg\" (Romanian)", "answer_start": 607}, "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "33f859i566d909b8u8ytfz0iyg9bhf"}], "section_title": "Borough", "background": "Borough", "title": "Borough"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "USB was designed to standardize the connection of computer peripherals (including keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters) to personal computers, both to communicate and to supply electric power. It has become commonplace on other devices, such as smartphones, PDAs and video game consoles. USB has effectively replaced a variety of earlier interfaces, such as serial and parallel ports, as well as separate power chargers for portable devices. \n\nUnlike other data cables (e.g., Ethernet, HDMI), each end of a USB cable uses a different kind of connector; a Type-A or a Type-B. This kind of design was chosen to prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment, as only the Type-A socket provides power. There are cables with Type-A connectors on both ends, but they should be used carefully. Therefore, in general, each of the different \"sizes\" requires four different connectors; USB cables have the Type-A and Type-B plugs, and the corresponding receptacles are on the computer or electronic device. In common practice, the Type-A connector is usually the full size, and the Type-B side can vary as needed.", "qas": [{"question": "USB How many types of connectors are there for USB cords?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": " Type-A and Type-B plugs", "answer_start": 976}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": " Type-A and Type-B plugs", "answer_start": 976}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they?", "answers": [{"text": "Type A and B", "answer_span": "Type-A and Type-B plugs", "answer_start": 977}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Type A and B", "answer_span": "Type-A and Type-B plugs", "answer_start": 977}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where do you find them?", "answers": [{"text": "computer or electronic", "answer_span": "computer or electronic device.", "answer_start": 1047}], "orig_answer": {"text": "computer or electronic", "answer_span": "computer or electronic device.", "answer_start": 1047}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What part of the cord is the connector on?", "answers": [{"text": "Type-A or a Type-B.", "answer_span": "USB cable uses a different kind of connector; a Type-A or a Type-B.", "answer_start": 583}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Type-A or a Type-B.", "answer_span": "USB cable uses a different kind of connector; a Type-A or a Type-B.", "answer_start": 583}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which type plugs into the power source?", "answers": [{"text": "Type-A", "answer_span": "Type-A socket provides power.", "answer_start": 749}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Type-A", "answer_span": "Type-A socket provides power.", "answer_start": 749}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do cords usually have both types?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There are cables with Type-A connectors on both ends", "answer_start": 779}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There are cables with Type-A connectors on both ends", "answer_start": 779}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why?", "answers": [{"text": "prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment", "answer_span": "This kind of design was chosen to prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment", "answer_start": 651}], "orig_answer": {"text": "prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment", "answer_span": "This kind of design was chosen to prevent electrical overloads and damaged equipment", "answer_start": 651}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How should treat a cord with two type A ends?", "answers": [{"text": "carefully.", "answer_span": "Type-A connectors on both ends, but they should be used carefully.", "answer_start": 801}], "orig_answer": {"text": "carefully.", "answer_span": "Type-A connectors on both ends, but they should be used carefully.", "answer_start": 801}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which type is the big end?", "answers": [{"text": "Type-A", "answer_span": "Type-A connector is usually the full size, and the Type-B side can vary as needed.", "answer_start": 1102}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Type-A", "answer_span": "Type-A connector is usually the full size, and the Type-B side can vary as needed.", "answer_start": 1102}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can the other one be different sizes?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Type-B side can vary as needed.", "answer_start": 1153}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Type-B side can vary as needed.", "answer_start": 1153}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the USB originally for", "answers": [{"text": "connection of devices", "answer_span": "standardize the connection of computer peripherals", "answer_start": 20}], "orig_answer": {"text": "connection of devices", "answer_span": "standardize the connection of computer peripherals", "answer_start": 20}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do smartphones use them?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ommonplace on other devices, such as smartphones, PDAs ", "answer_start": 284}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ommonplace on other devices, such as smartphones, PDAs ", "answer_start": 284}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of port did they replace?", "answers": [{"text": "serial and parallel ports,", "answer_span": " USB has effectively replaced a variety of earlier interfaces, such as serial and parallel ports,", "answer_start": 363}], "orig_answer": {"text": "serial and parallel ports,", "answer_span": " USB has effectively replaced a variety of earlier interfaces, such as serial and parallel ports,", "answer_start": 363}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Besides supplying power what else do the do?", "answers": [{"text": "connection of devices", "answer_span": " connection of computer peripherals", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "connection of devices", "answer_span": " connection of computer peripherals", "answer_start": 35}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a keyboard?", "answers": [{"text": "computer part", "answer_span": "connection of computer peripherals", "answer_start": 36}], "orig_answer": {"text": "computer part", "answer_span": "connection of computer peripherals", "answer_start": 36}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of computer was a USB made for?", "answers": [{"text": "personal computers", "answer_span": "o personal computers, both to communicate and to supply electric power.", "answer_start": 197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "personal computers", "answer_span": "o personal computers, both to communicate and to supply electric power.", "answer_start": 197}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it provide the communication link to the computer?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " personal computers, both to communicate", "answer_start": 198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " personal computers, both to communicate", "answer_start": 198}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can network adapters use them?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ncluding keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters", "answer_start": 73}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ncluding keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters", "answer_start": 73}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about printers?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "(including keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters", "answer_start": 71}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "(including keyboards, pointing devices, digital cameras, printers, portable media players, disk drives and network adapters", "answer_start": 71}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are some other kinds of data cables?", "answers": [{"text": "Ethernet, HDMI", "answer_span": " Ethernet, HDMI", "answer_start": 551}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ethernet, HDMI", "answer_span": " Ethernet, HDMI", "answer_start": 551}, "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3wj1oxy92agboo5nlq4r7bndd6f8a1"}], "section_title": "USB", "background": "USB", "title": "USB"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Easter Island is a Chilean island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean, at the southeasternmost point of the Polynesian Triangle in Oceania. Easter Island is famous for its 887 extant monumental statues, called \"moai\", created by the early Rapa Nui people. In 1995, UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site, with much of the island protected within Rapa Nui National Park. \n\nPolynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 CE, and created a thriving and industrious culture as evidenced by the island's numerous enormous stone \"moai\" and other artefacts. However, human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation and extinction of natural resources which severely weakened the Rapa Nui civilization. By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000\u20133,000 from an estimated high of approximately 15,000 just a century earlier. European diseases and Peruvian slave raiding in the 1860s further reduced the Rapa Nui population, to a low of only 111 inhabitants in 1877. \n\nEaster Island is one of the most remote inhabited islands in the world. The nearest inhabited land (around 50 residents in 2013) is Pitcairn Island, away; the nearest town with a population over 500 is Rikitea, on the island of Mangareva, away; the nearest continental point lies in central Chile, away.", "qas": [{"question": "Easter Island what is the article about?", "answers": [{"text": "Easter Island", "answer_span": "Easter Island", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Easter Island", "answer_span": "Easter Island", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what ocean is it on?", "answers": [{"text": "the Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": "Easter Island is a Chilean island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": "Easter Island is a Chilean island in the southeastern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was the population in 1877?", "answers": [{"text": "111", "answer_span": "111 inhabitants in 1877", "answer_start": 1075}], "orig_answer": {"text": "111", "answer_span": "111 inhabitants in 1877", "answer_start": 1075}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did the Europeans arrive?", "answers": [{"text": "1722", "answer_span": "European arrival in 1722", "answer_start": 811}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1722", "answer_span": "European arrival in 1722", "answer_start": 811}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the nearest inhabitated land to it?", "answers": [{"text": "Pitcairn Island", "answer_span": "The nearest inhabited land (around 50 residents in 2013) is Pitcairn Island,", "answer_start": 1174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pitcairn Island", "answer_span": "The nearest inhabited land (around 50 residents in 2013) is Pitcairn Island,", "answer_start": 1174}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many peopole did it have?", "answers": [{"text": "50", "answer_span": "50 residents", "answer_start": 1209}], "orig_answer": {"text": "50", "answer_span": "50 residents", "answer_start": 1209}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "as of?", "answers": [{"text": "2013", "answer_span": "50 residents in 2013", "answer_start": 1209}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2013", "answer_span": "50 residents in 2013", "answer_start": 1209}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did polynesians settle on Easter island?", "answers": [{"text": "sometime between 700 and 1100 CE", "answer_span": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 CE", "answer_start": 380}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sometime between 700 and 1100 CE", "answer_span": "Polynesian people most likely settled on Easter Island sometime between 700 and 1100 CE", "answer_start": 380}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are moai?", "answers": [{"text": "monumental statues", "answer_span": "monumental statues, called \"moai\"", "answer_start": 181}], "orig_answer": {"text": "monumental statues", "answer_span": "monumental statues, called \"moai\"", "answer_start": 181}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "887", "answer_span": "887 extant monumental statues", "answer_start": 170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "887", "answer_span": "887 extant monumental statues", "answer_start": 170}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it name a world heritage?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1995", "answer_span": "In 1995, UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site", "answer_start": 254}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1995", "answer_span": "In 1995, UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site", "answer_start": 254}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by who?", "answers": [{"text": "UNESCO", "answer_span": "UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site", "answer_start": 263}], "orig_answer": {"text": "UNESCO", "answer_span": "UNESCO named Easter Island a World Heritage Site", "answer_start": 263}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what led to gradual deforestation?", "answers": [{"text": "human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation", "answer_span": "human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation", "answer_start": 606}], "orig_answer": {"text": "human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation", "answer_span": "human activity, the introduction of the Polynesian rat and overpopulation led to gradual deforestation", "answer_start": 606}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who created the moai?", "answers": [{"text": "the early Rapa Nui people", "answer_span": "\"moai\", created by the early Rapa Nui people", "answer_start": 208}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the early Rapa Nui people", "answer_span": "\"moai\", created by the early Rapa Nui people", "answer_start": 208}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was the population when Europeans arrived?", "answers": [{"text": "2,000\u20133,000", "answer_span": "By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000\u20133,000", "answer_start": 796}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2,000\u20133,000", "answer_span": "By the time of European arrival in 1722, the island's population had dropped to 2,000\u20133,000", "answer_start": 796}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is this an American island?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Easter Island is a Chilean island", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Easter Island is a Chilean island", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "then what?", "answers": [{"text": "It is Chilean.", "answer_span": "Easter Island is a Chilean island", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It is Chilean.", "answer_span": "Easter Island is a Chilean island", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the nearest town with a high population?", "answers": [{"text": "Rikitea", "answer_span": "the nearest town with a population over 500 is Rikitea", "answer_start": 1257}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rikitea", "answer_span": "the nearest town with a population over 500 is Rikitea", "answer_start": 1257}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many people?", "answers": [{"text": "over 500", "answer_span": "with a population over 500", "answer_start": 1274}], "orig_answer": {"text": "over 500", "answer_span": "with a population over 500", "answer_start": 1274}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "on what island?", "answers": [{"text": "Mangareva", "answer_span": "Rikitea, on the island of Mangareva,", "answer_start": 1304}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mangareva", "answer_span": "Rikitea, on the island of Mangareva,", "answer_start": 1304}, "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "345lhzdedxs920dffeqmgvrw4wku3u"}], "section_title": "Easter Island", "background": "Easter Island", "title": "Easter Island"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris, France. It was the second time Paris hosted the games, after 1900. The selection process for the 1924 Summer Olympics consisted of six bids, and Paris was selected ahead of Amsterdam, Barcelona, Los Angeles, Prague, and Rome. The selection was made at the 20th IOC Session in Lausanne in 1921. \n\nThe cost of the Games of the VIII Olympiad was estimated to be 10,000,000\u20a3. With total receipts at 5,496,610\u20a3, the Olympics resulted in a hefty loss despite crowds that reached 60,000 people at a time. \n\n126 events in 23 disciplines, comprising 17 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1924. The number of events in each discipline is noted in parentheses. \n\nSeventeen sports venues were used in the 1924 Summer Olympics. Stade de Colombes served as the final venue for the 1938 FIFA World Cup between Italy and Hungary. \n\nA total of 44 nations were represented at the 1924 Games. Germany was still absent, having not been invited by the Organizing Committee. China (although did not compete), Ecuador, Haiti, Ireland, Lithuania, and Uruguay attended the Olympic Games for the first time while the Philippines competed for first time in an Olympic Games as a nation though it first participated in 1900 Summer Olympic Games also in this city. Latvia and Poland attended the Summer Olympic Games for the first time (having both appeared earlier at the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix).", "qas": [{"question": "1924 Summer Olympics How much did the games cost?", "answers": [{"text": "10,000,000\u20a3", "answer_span": "The cost of the Games of the VIII Olympiad was estimated to be 10,000,000\u20a3", "answer_start": 456}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10,000,000\u20a3", "answer_span": "The cost of the Games of the VIII Olympiad was estimated to be 10,000,000\u20a3", "answer_start": 456}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were the games called?", "answers": [{"text": "Games of the VIII Olympiad", "answer_span": "The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Games of the VIII Olympiad", "answer_span": "The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the unofficial name for it", "answers": [{"text": "The 1924 Summer Olympics", "answer_span": "The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The 1924 Summer Olympics", "answer_span": "The 1924 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the VIII Olympiad,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it just one sport?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "126 events in 23 disciplines, comprising 17 sports", "answer_start": 660}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "126 events in 23 disciplines, comprising 17 sports", "answer_start": 660}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it one country?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "A total of 44 nations were represented at the 1924 Games.", "answer_start": 985}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "A total of 44 nations were represented at the 1924 Games.", "answer_start": 985}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did it happen?", "answers": [{"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris", "answer_start": 53}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "Games of the VIII Olympiad, were an international multi-sport event which was celebrated in 1924 in Paris", "answer_start": 53}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When else did it host?", "answers": [{"text": "after 1900", "answer_span": "France. It was the second time Paris hosted the games, after 1900", "answer_start": 160}], "orig_answer": {"text": "after 1900", "answer_span": "France. It was the second time Paris hosted the games, after 1900", "answer_start": 160}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many bids were there in 1924", "answers": [{"text": "six", "answer_span": "the 1924 Summer Olympics consisted of six bids", "answer_start": 253}], "orig_answer": {"text": "six", "answer_span": "the 1924 Summer Olympics consisted of six bids", "answer_start": 253}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did the games operate at a loss?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "With total receipts at 5,496,610\u20a3, the Olympics resulted in a hefty loss", "answer_start": 532}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "With total receipts at 5,496,610\u20a3, the Olympics resulted in a hefty loss", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much did they take in?", "answers": [{"text": "5,496,610\u20a3", "answer_span": "With total receipts at 5,496,610\u20a3", "answer_start": 532}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5,496,610\u20a3", "answer_span": "With total receipts at 5,496,610\u20a3", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many events were there", "answers": [{"text": "126 events", "answer_span": "126 events", "answer_start": 660}], "orig_answer": {"text": "126 events", "answer_span": "126 events", "answer_start": 660}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many disciplines?", "answers": [{"text": "23 disciplines", "answer_span": "126 events in 23 disciplines, comprising 17 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1924.", "answer_start": 660}], "orig_answer": {"text": "23 disciplines", "answer_span": "126 events in 23 disciplines, comprising 17 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1924.", "answer_start": 660}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many sports?", "answers": [{"text": "174.", "answer_span": "17 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1924.", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "174.", "answer_span": "17 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1924.", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many sports venues were used", "answers": [{"text": "Seventeen", "answer_span": "Seventeen sports venues were used in the 1924 Summer Olympics.", "answer_start": 821}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Seventeen", "answer_span": "Seventeen sports venues were used in the 1924 Summer Olympics.", "answer_start": 821}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many nations were represented?", "answers": [{"text": "44", "answer_span": "A total of 44 nations were represented at the 1924 Games. ", "answer_start": 985}], "orig_answer": {"text": "44", "answer_span": "A total of 44 nations were represented at the 1924 Games. ", "answer_start": 985}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was absent?", "answers": [{"text": "Germany", "answer_span": "Germany was still absent", "answer_start": 1043}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Germany", "answer_span": "Germany was still absent", "answer_start": 1043}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did China compete?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " China (although did not compete),", "answer_start": 1121}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " China (although did not compete),", "answer_start": 1121}, "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3s96kq6i9m4skf0n8y6oo8r6cxldt7"}], "section_title": "1924 Summer Olympics", "background": "1924 Summer Olympics", "title": "1924 Summer Olympics"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Nonverbal communication describes the process of conveying meaning in the form of non-word messages. Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses. Nonverbal communication also relates to intent of a message. Examples of intent are voluntary, intentional movements like shaking a hand or winking, as well as involuntary, such as sweating. Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress. There may even be a pheromone component. Research has shown that up to 55% of human communication may occur through non-verbal facial expressions, and a further 38% through paralanguage. It affects communication most at the subconscious level and establishes trust. Likewise, written texts include nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words and the use of emoticons to convey emotion. \n\nFungi communicate to coordinate and organize their growth and development such as the formation of Marcelia and fruiting bodies. Fungi communicate with their own and related species as well as with non fungal organisms in a great variety of symbiotic interactions, especially with bacteria, unicellular eukaryote, plants and insects through biochemicals of biotic origin. The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react. This implies that fungal organisms can differentiate between molecules taking part in biotic messages and similar molecules being irrelevant in the situation. So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation, mating, growth, and pathogenicity. Behavioral coordination and production of signaling substances is achieved through interpretation processes that enables the organism to differ between self or non-self, a biotic indicator, biotic message from similar, related, or non-related species, and even filter out \"noise\", i.e. similar molecules without biotic content.", "qas": [{"question": "Communication What gets filtered out?", "answers": [{"text": "Noise", "answer_span": "and even filter out \"noise\",", "answer_start": 2129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Noise", "answer_span": "and even filter out \"noise\",", "answer_start": 2129}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Noise of what?", "answers": [{"text": "Similar molecules without biotic content.", "answer_span": "nd even filter out \"noise\", i.e. similar molecules without biotic content", "answer_start": 2130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Similar molecules without biotic content.", "answer_span": "nd even filter out \"noise\", i.e. similar molecules without biotic content", "answer_start": 2130}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can fungi communicate?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Fungi communicate", "answer_start": 987}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Fungi communicate", "answer_start": 987}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Give me an example of nonverbal communication?", "answers": [{"text": "The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react.", "answer_span": "The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react.", "answer_start": 1359}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react.", "answer_span": "The biochemicals trigger the fungal organism to react in a specific manner, while if the same chemical molecules are not part of biotic messages, they do not trigger the fungal organism to react.", "answer_start": 1359}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you give me one example?", "answers": [{"text": "Filamentation", "answer_span": "So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation", "answer_start": 1714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Filamentation", "answer_span": "So far five different primary signalling molecules are known to coordinate different behavioral patterns such as filamentation", "answer_start": 1714}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does ones clothing communicate?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses", "answer_start": 101}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses", "answer_start": 101}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about perspiration?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses", "answer_start": 101}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Examples of nonverbal communication include haptic communication, chronemic communication, gestures, body language, facial expression, eye contact, and how one dresses", "answer_start": 101}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Give an example of paralanguage", "answers": [{"text": "Stress", "answer_span": "Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress", "answer_start": 461}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stress", "answer_span": "Speech also contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress", "answer_start": 461}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another example?", "answers": [{"text": "Rhythm", "answer_span": "paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress", "answer_start": 510}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rhythm", "answer_span": "paralanguage, e.g. rhythm, intonation, tempo, and stress", "answer_start": 510}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much communication is paralanguage?", "answers": [{"text": "38%", "answer_span": "and a further 38% through paralanguage", "answer_start": 715}], "orig_answer": {"text": "38%", "answer_span": "and a further 38% through paralanguage", "answer_start": 715}, "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3kopy89hm820ok2l3fm89tiln763j9"}], "section_title": "Communication", "background": "Communication", "title": "Communication"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Agnosticism is the view that the existence of God or the supernatural is unknown or unknowable. \n\nAccording to the philosopher William L. Rowe, \"agnosticism is the view that human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not exist\". Agnosticism is a doctrine or set of s rather than a religion. \n\nEnglish biologist Thomas Henry Huxley coined the word \"agnostic\" in 1869. Earlier thinkers, however, had written works that promoted agnostic points of view, such as Sanjaya Belatthaputta, a 5th-century BCE Indian philosopher who expressed agnosticism about any afterlife; and Protagoras, a 5th-century BCE Greek philosopher who expressed agnosticism about the existence of \"the gods\". The Nasadiya Sukta in the Rigveda is agnostic about the origin of the universe. \n\nBeing a scientist, above all else, Huxley presented agnosticism as a form of demarcation. A hypothesis with no supporting objective, testable evidence is not an objective, scientific claim. As such, there would be no way to test said hypotheses, leaving the results inconclusive. His agnosticism was not compatible with forming a belief as to the truth, or falsehood, of the claim at hand. Karl Popper would also describe himself as an agnostic. According to philosopher William L. Rowe, in this strict sense, agnosticism is the view that human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not exist.", "qas": [{"question": "Agnosticism what is the article about?", "answers": [{"text": "Agnosticism", "answer_span": "Agnosticism ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Agnosticism", "answer_span": "Agnosticism ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who created the word agnostic?", "answers": [{"text": "Thomas Henry Huxley", "answer_span": "English biologist Thomas Henry Huxley coined the word \"agnostic\" ", "answer_start": 390}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Thomas Henry Huxley", "answer_span": "English biologist Thomas Henry Huxley coined the word \"agnostic\" ", "answer_start": 390}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "1869.", "answer_span": " Thomas Henry Huxley coined the word \"agnostic\" in 1869. ", "answer_start": 407}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1869.", "answer_span": " Thomas Henry Huxley coined the word \"agnostic\" in 1869. ", "answer_start": 407}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is agnosticism a religion?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Being a scientist, above all else, Huxley presented agnosticism as a form of demarcation", "answer_start": 858}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Being a scientist, above all else, Huxley presented agnosticism as a form of demarcation", "answer_start": 858}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what would it be?", "answers": [{"text": "a form of demarcation", "answer_span": " agnosticism as a form of demarcation", "answer_start": 909}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a form of demarcation", "answer_span": " agnosticism as a form of demarcation", "answer_start": 909}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who said it was that?", "answers": [{"text": "Huxley", "answer_span": "Huxley presented agnosticism as a form of demarcation", "answer_start": 893}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Huxley", "answer_span": "Huxley presented agnosticism as a form of demarcation", "answer_start": 893}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do agnostics believe in God or are they not sure?", "answers": [{"text": "they are unsure", "answer_span": " agnosticism is the view that human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not exist.", "answer_start": 1367}], "orig_answer": {"text": "they are unsure", "answer_span": " agnosticism is the view that human reason is incapable of providing sufficient rational grounds to justify either the belief that God exists or the belief that God does not exist.", "answer_start": 1367}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is in the Rigveda?", "answers": [{"text": "The Nasadiya Sukta", "answer_span": "The Nasadiya Sukta in the Rigveda is agnostic about the origin of the universe. ", "answer_start": 776}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Nasadiya Sukta", "answer_span": "The Nasadiya Sukta in the Rigveda is agnostic about the origin of the universe. ", "answer_start": 776}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it agnostic about?", "answers": [{"text": "the origin of the universe.", "answer_span": "is agnostic about the origin of the universe. ", "answer_start": 810}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the origin of the universe.", "answer_span": "is agnostic about the origin of the universe. ", "answer_start": 810}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who is the indian philosopher mentioned?", "answers": [{"text": "Sanjaya Belatthaputta", "answer_span": "Sanjaya Belatthaputta, a 5th-century BCE Indian philosopher", "answer_start": 556}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sanjaya Belatthaputta", "answer_span": "Sanjaya Belatthaputta, a 5th-century BCE Indian philosopher", "answer_start": 556}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what time period is he from?", "answers": [{"text": "5th-century", "answer_span": " a 5th-century BCE Indian philosopher", "answer_start": 578}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5th-century", "answer_span": " a 5th-century BCE Indian philosopher", "answer_start": 578}, "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3snlul3wo4nqi434lkumchld4i7luv"}], "section_title": "Agnosticism", "background": "Agnosticism", "title": "Agnosticism"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "John the Baptist (, \"Io\u00e1nnes (h)o baptist\u00e9s\" or \u1f38\u03c9\u03ac\u03bd\u03bd\u03b7\u03c2 \u1f41 \u03b2\u03b1\u03c0\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03c9\u03bd, \"Io\u00e1nnes (h)o bapt\u00edzon\", known as the Prophet Yahya in the Quran), also known as John the Baptizer, was a Jewish itinerant preacher in the early first century AD. John is revered as a major religious figure in Christianity, Islam, the Bah\u00e1'\u00ed Faith, and Mandaeism. He is called a prophet by all of these traditions, and is honoured as a saint in many Christian traditions. \n\nJohn used baptism as the central symbol or sacrament of his messianic movement. Most scholars agree that John baptized Jesus. Some scholars believe Jesus was a follower or disciple of John. This idea is strongly controverted, however, by John the Baptist's own words in scripture, although several New Testament accounts report that some of Jesus' early followers had previously been followers of John. John the Baptist is also mentioned by the Jewish historian Josephus. Some scholars maintain that John was influenced by the semi-ascetic Essenes, who expected an apocalypse and practiced rituals corresponding strongly with baptism, although no direct evidence substantiates this. \n\nAccording to the New Testament, John anticipated a messianic figure greater than himself. Christians commonly refer to John as the precursor or forerunner of Jesus, since John announces Jesus' coming. John is also identified with the prophet Elijah.", "qas": [{"question": "John the Baptist Who was the prophet Yahya?", "answers": [{"text": "John", "answer_span": "John", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John", "answer_span": "John", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else was he known as?", "answers": [{"text": "John the Baptizer", "answer_span": "John the Baptizer", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John the Baptizer", "answer_span": "John the Baptizer", "answer_start": 149}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is he only revered in Christian faiths?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Christianity, Islam, the Bah\u00e1'\u00ed Faith, and Mandaeism", "answer_start": 278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Christianity, Islam, the Bah\u00e1'\u00ed Faith, and Mandaeism", "answer_start": 278}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many faiths?", "answers": [{"text": "4 including Christianity", "answer_span": "Christianity, Islam, the Bah\u00e1'\u00ed Faith, and Mandaeism", "answer_start": 278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4 including Christianity", "answer_span": "Christianity, Islam, the Bah\u00e1'\u00ed Faith, and Mandaeism", "answer_start": 278}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did he expect to come after him?", "answers": [{"text": "messianic figure", "answer_span": " messianic figure", "answer_start": 1177}], "orig_answer": {"text": "messianic figure", "answer_span": " messianic figure", "answer_start": 1177}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "the same as he?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "greater than himself", "answer_start": 1195}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "greater than himself", "answer_start": 1195}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How do Christians refer to him?", "answers": [{"text": "precursor or forerunner of Jesus", "answer_span": "precursor or forerunner of Jesus", "answer_start": 1258}], "orig_answer": {"text": "precursor or forerunner of Jesus", "answer_span": "precursor or forerunner of Jesus", "answer_start": 1258}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he do?", "answers": [{"text": "announced Jesus' coming", "answer_span": "announces Jesus' coming", "answer_start": 1303}], "orig_answer": {"text": "announced Jesus' coming", "answer_span": "announces Jesus' coming", "answer_start": 1303}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his central sacrament?", "answers": [{"text": "baptism", "answer_span": "baptism ", "answer_start": 452}], "orig_answer": {"text": "baptism", "answer_span": "baptism ", "answer_start": 452}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did he baptize?", "answers": [{"text": "Jesus", "answer_span": "Jesus", "answer_start": 561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jesus", "answer_span": "Jesus", "answer_start": 561}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which historian talked about him?", "answers": [{"text": "Josephus", "answer_span": "Josephus", "answer_start": 904}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Josephus", "answer_span": "Josephus", "answer_start": 904}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what idea about John and Jesus is controversial?", "answers": [{"text": "John was influenced by the semi-ascetic Essenes", "answer_span": "John was influenced by the semi-ascetic Essenes", "answer_start": 942}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John was influenced by the semi-ascetic Essenes", "answer_span": "John was influenced by the semi-ascetic Essenes", "answer_start": 942}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did many of Jesus' early followers come from?", "answers": [{"text": "John", "answer_span": " John", "answer_start": 838}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John", "answer_span": " John", "answer_start": 838}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What faith was he?", "answers": [{"text": "Jewish", "answer_span": "Jewish", "answer_start": 174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jewish", "answer_span": "Jewish", "answer_start": 174}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356z7ben"}], "section_title": "John the Baptist", "background": "John the Baptist", "title": "John the Baptist"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Antwerp is a Flemish city in Belgium, the capital of Antwerp province in the community of Flanders. With a population of 510,610, it is the most populous city proper in Belgium. Its metropolitan area houses around 1,200,000 people, which is second behind Brussels. \n\nAntwerp is on the River Scheldt, linked to the North Sea by the Westerschelde estuary. It is about north from Brussels, and about from the Dutch border. The Port of Antwerp is one of the biggest in the world, ranking second in Europe and within the top 20 globally. Antwerp was also the place of the world's oldest stock exchange building, originally built in 1531 and re-built in 1872, it has been derelict since 1997. \n\nAntwerp has long been an important city in the Low Countries, both economically and culturally, especially before the Spanish Fury (1576) in the Dutch Revolt. The inhabitants of Antwerp are nicknamed \"Sinjoren\", after the Spanish honorific \"se\u00f1or\" or French \"seigneur\", \"lord\", referring to the Spanish noblemen who ruled the city in the 17th century. Today Antwerp is a major trade and cultural centre, and is the world's second most multi-cultural city (after Amsterdam) home to 170 nationalities. It is also known as the \"diamond capital\" of the world for its large diamond district. The city hosted the 1920 Summer Olympics.", "qas": [{"question": "Antwerp Which city is this article talking about?", "answers": [{"text": "Antwerp", "answer_span": "Antwerp", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Antwerp", "answer_span": "Antwerp", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's its population?", "answers": [{"text": "510,610", "answer_span": "510,610", "answer_start": 121}], "orig_answer": {"text": "510,610", "answer_span": "510,610", "answer_start": 121}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where exactly is it located?", "answers": [{"text": "on the River Scheldt", "answer_span": "on the River Scheldt", "answer_start": 278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "on the River Scheldt", "answer_span": "on the River Scheldt", "answer_start": 278}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "North from where?", "answers": [{"text": "Brussels", "answer_span": "Brussels", "answer_start": 377}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Brussels", "answer_span": "Brussels", "answer_start": 377}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "At what number is it ranked globally?", "answers": [{"text": "within the top 20", "answer_span": "within the top 20", "answer_start": 505}], "orig_answer": {"text": "within the top 20", "answer_span": "within the top 20", "answer_start": 505}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and in Europe?", "answers": [{"text": "second", "answer_span": "second", "answer_start": 484}], "orig_answer": {"text": "second", "answer_span": "second", "answer_start": 484}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are its inhabitants called?", "answers": [{"text": "Sinjoren", "answer_span": "Sinjoren", "answer_start": 890}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sinjoren", "answer_span": "Sinjoren", "answer_start": 890}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did the city host?", "answers": [{"text": "the 1920 Summer Olympics", "answer_span": " the 1920 Summer Olympics", "answer_start": 1291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 1920 Summer Olympics", "answer_span": " the 1920 Summer Olympics", "answer_start": 1291}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which border is near it?", "answers": [{"text": "the Dutch border", "answer_span": "the Dutch border", "answer_start": 402}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Dutch border", "answer_span": "the Dutch border", "answer_start": 402}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it famous for having the oldest stock exchange building?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "of the world's oldest stock exchange building", "answer_start": 560}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "of the world's oldest stock exchange building", "answer_start": 560}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "originally constructed when?", "answers": [{"text": "1531", "answer_span": "1531", "answer_start": 627}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1531", "answer_span": "1531", "answer_start": 627}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and rebuilt again in?", "answers": [{"text": "1872", "answer_span": "1872", "answer_start": 648}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1872", "answer_span": "1872", "answer_start": 648}, "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3sle99er0ndvrub20u40f64nu6czbf"}], "section_title": "Antwerp", "background": "Antwerp", "title": "Antwerp"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile. Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara) was a fan of Smile and encouraged them to experiment with more elaborate stage and recording techniques. Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested \"Queen\" as a new band name, and adopted his familiar stage name. John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973. Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974, but it was the release of Sheer Heart Attack later that year and A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. The latter featured \"Bohemian Rhapsody\", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video. Their 1977 album, News of the World, contained \"We Will Rock You\" and \"We Are the Champions\", which have become anthems at sporting events. By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world. Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history by various music publications, with a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best. In 1991, Mercury died of bronchopneumonia, a complication of AIDS, and Deacon retired in 1997. Since then, May and Taylor have occasionally performed together, including with Paul Rodgers (2004\u201309) and with Adam Lambert (since 2011). In November 2014, Queen released a new album, Queen Forever, featuring vocals from the late Mercury.", "qas": [{"question": "Queen (band) What was their band earlier?", "answers": [{"text": "Smile", "answer_span": "Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Smile", "answer_span": "Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Now what?", "answers": [{"text": "Queen", "answer_span": "Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Queen", "answer_span": "Before forming Queen, Brian May and Roger Taylor had played together in a band named Smile.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Mercury start with them?", "answers": [{"text": "1970", "answer_span": "Mercury joined the band in 1970", "answer_start": 273}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1970", "answer_span": "Mercury joined the band in 1970", "answer_start": 273}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his real name?", "answers": [{"text": "Farrokh Bulsara", "answer_span": "Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara", "answer_start": 92}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Farrokh Bulsara", "answer_span": "Freddie Mercury (then known by his birth name of Farrokh \"Freddie\" Bulsara", "answer_start": 92}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who suggested the new name?", "answers": [{"text": "Mercury", "answer_span": "Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested \"Queen\" as a new band name", "answer_start": 273}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mercury", "answer_span": "Mercury joined the band in 1970, suggested \"Queen\" as a new band name", "answer_start": 273}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name?", "answers": [{"text": "Queen", "answer_span": "suggested \"Queen\" as a new band name", "answer_start": 306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Queen", "answer_span": "suggested \"Queen\" as a new band name", "answer_start": 306}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who joined them next?", "answers": [{"text": "John Deacon", "answer_span": "John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973", "answer_start": 381}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John Deacon", "answer_span": "John Deacon was recruited prior to recording their eponymous debut album in 1973", "answer_start": 381}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was their first chart in UK?", "answers": [{"text": "Queen II", "answer_span": "Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II,", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Queen II", "answer_span": "Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II,", "answer_start": 463}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which year was that?", "answers": [{"text": "1974", "answer_span": "Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1974", "answer_span": "Queen first charted in the UK with their second album, Queen II, in 1974", "answer_start": 463}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was their first international success?", "answers": [{"text": "A Night at the Opera", "answer_span": "A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. ", "answer_start": 602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A Night at the Opera", "answer_span": "A Night at the Opera in 1975 which brought them international success. ", "answer_start": 602}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In which year?", "answers": [{"text": "1975", "answer_span": "A Night at the Opera in 1975", "answer_start": 602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1975", "answer_span": "A Night at the Opera in 1975", "answer_start": 602}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was there a specific track mentionable?", "answers": [{"text": "Bohemian Rhapsody", "answer_span": "The latter featured \"Bohemian Rhapsody\"", "answer_start": 673}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bohemian Rhapsody", "answer_span": "The latter featured \"Bohemian Rhapsody\"", "answer_start": 673}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was its success?", "answers": [{"text": "number one in the UK for nine weeks", "answer_span": "The latter featured \"Bohemian Rhapsody\", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine week", "answer_start": 673}], "orig_answer": {"text": "number one in the UK for nine weeks", "answer_span": "The latter featured \"Bohemian Rhapsody\", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine week", "answer_start": 673}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they do well in any other format?", "answers": [{"text": "music videos", "answer_span": "popularised the music video.", "answer_start": 770}], "orig_answer": {"text": "music videos", "answer_span": "popularised the music video.", "answer_start": 770}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there any examples?", "answers": [{"text": "Bohemian Rhapsody", "answer_span": "\"Bohemian Rhapsody\", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video", "answer_start": 693}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bohemian Rhapsody", "answer_span": "\"Bohemian Rhapsody\", which stayed at number one in the UK for nine weeks and popularised the music video", "answer_start": 693}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was their achievement in the 80s?", "answers": [{"text": "one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world.", "answer_span": "By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world.", "answer_start": 939}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world.", "answer_span": "By the early 1980s, Queen were one of the biggest stadium rock bands in the world.", "answer_start": 939}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any example?", "answers": [{"text": "1985's Live Aid", "answer_span": "Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history", "answer_start": 1022}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1985's Live Aid", "answer_span": "Their performance at 1985's Live Aid is ranked among the greatest in rock history", "answer_start": 1022}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How it is ranked?", "answers": [{"text": "a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best.", "answer_span": "a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best.", "answer_start": 1140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best.", "answer_span": "a 2005 industry poll ranking it the best.", "answer_start": 1140}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened to Mercury?", "answers": [{"text": "died of bronchopneumonia", "answer_span": "Mercury died of bronchopneumonia", "answer_start": 1191}], "orig_answer": {"text": "died of bronchopneumonia", "answer_span": "Mercury died of bronchopneumonia", "answer_start": 1191}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How about Deacon?", "answers": [{"text": "He retired", "answer_span": "Deacon retired", "answer_start": 1253}], "orig_answer": {"text": "He retired", "answer_span": "Deacon retired", "answer_start": 1253}, "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ffj6vril1o8chji2ajpvu5e7gr0it"}], "section_title": "Queen (band)", "background": "Queen (band)", "title": "Queen (band)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "In 2007, two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline. This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation which found FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections, ignoring concerns raised by inspectors. Audits of other airlines resulted in two airlines grounding hundreds of planes, causing thousands of flight cancellations. The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008. Jim Oberstar, former chairman of the committee said its investigation uncovered a pattern of regulatory abuse and widespread regulatory lapses, allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety rules. Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and \"a systematic breakdown\" in the FAA's culture that resulted in \"malfeasance, bordering on corruption.\" In 2008 the FAA proposed to fine Southwest $10.2 million for failing to inspect older planes for cracks, and in 2009 Southwest and the FAA agreed that Southwest would pay a $7.5 million penalty and would adopt new safety procedures, with the fine doubling if Southwest failed to follow through.", "qas": [{"question": "Federal Aviation Administration Who kept someone from doing something?", "answers": [{"text": "Supervisors did.", "answer_span": "alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline.", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Supervisors did.", "answer_span": "alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline.", "answer_start": 94}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did anyone confirm this?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation ", "answer_start": 264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation ", "answer_start": 264}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Department of Transportation", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation ", "answer_start": 264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Department of Transportation", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation ", "answer_start": 264}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was the information shared?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation which found FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections, ignoring concerns raised by inspectors.", "answer_start": 264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation which found FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections, ignoring concerns raised by inspectors.", "answer_start": 264}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How so?", "answers": [{"text": "In a report.", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation", "answer_start": 264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In a report.", "answer_span": "This was validated by a report by the Department of Transportation", "answer_start": 264}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was prevented from doing something?", "answers": [{"text": "Bobby Boutris", "answer_span": "two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors", "answer_start": 9}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bobby Boutris", "answer_span": "two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors", "answer_start": 9}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which airline was involved?", "answers": [{"text": "Southwest.", "answer_span": "two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest", "answer_start": 9}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southwest.", "answer_span": "two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters, alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest", "answer_start": 9}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did this occur?", "answers": [{"text": "In 2007", "answer_span": "In 2007, two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 2007", "answer_span": "In 2007, two FAA whistleblowers, inspectors Charalambe \"Bobby\" Boutris and Douglas E. Peters,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they have any relationship with the accused?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline. ", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "alleged that Boutris said he attempted to ground Southwest after finding cracks in the fuselage, but was prevented by supervisors he said were friendly with the airline. ", "answer_start": 94}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was disclosed in the information?", "answers": [{"text": "FAA managers allowed flights on 46 planes with overdue safety inspections", "answer_span": "FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections", "answer_start": 343}], "orig_answer": {"text": "FAA managers allowed flights on 46 planes with overdue safety inspections", "answer_span": "FAA managers had allowed Southwest Airlines to fly 46 airplanes in 2006 and 2007 that were overdue for safety inspections", "answer_start": 343}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "had anyone given any warnings?", "answers": [{"text": "Inspectors were concerned.", "answer_span": "ignoring concerns raised by inspectors.", "answer_start": 466}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Inspectors were concerned.", "answer_span": "ignoring concerns raised by inspectors.", "answer_start": 466}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was anyone questioned in the matter?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008", "answer_start": 633}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who sought answers?", "answers": [{"text": "House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee", "answer_span": "House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008. ", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee", "answer_span": "House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008. ", "answer_start": 633}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How?", "answers": [{"text": "They held hearings.", "answer_span": " The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008.", "answer_start": 628}], "orig_answer": {"text": "They held hearings.", "answer_span": " The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008.", "answer_start": 628}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "April 2008", "answer_span": "The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008", "answer_start": 629}], "orig_answer": {"text": "April 2008", "answer_span": "The House Transportation and Infrastructure Committee held hearings in April 2008", "answer_start": 629}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was anyone found to be at fault?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the committee said its investigation uncovered a pattern of regulatory abuse and widespread regulatory lapses, allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety rules.", "answer_start": 744}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the committee said its investigation uncovered a pattern of regulatory abuse and widespread regulatory lapses, allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety rules.", "answer_start": 744}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many planes were involved according to the findings?", "answers": [{"text": "117", "answer_span": " allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety rules. ", "answer_start": 855}], "orig_answer": {"text": "117", "answer_span": " allowing 117 aircraft to be operated commercially although not in compliance with FAA safety rules. ", "answer_start": 855}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "As a result of what?", "answers": [{"text": "A systematic breakdown", "answer_span": "Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and \"a systematic breakdown\"", "answer_start": 956}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A systematic breakdown", "answer_span": "Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and \"a systematic breakdown\"", "answer_start": 956}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "According to whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Oberstar", "answer_span": "Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and \"a systematic breakdown\"", "answer_start": 956}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Oberstar", "answer_span": "Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines and \"a systematic breakdown\"", "answer_start": 956}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why did he feel this occured?", "answers": [{"text": "Due to \"a culture of coziness.\"", "answer_span": "Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines ", "answer_start": 956}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Due to \"a culture of coziness.\"", "answer_span": "Oberstar said there was a \"culture of coziness\" between senior FAA officials and the airlines ", "answer_start": 956}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they suffer any penalties?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " in 2009 Southwest and the FAA agreed that Southwest would pay a $7.5 million penalty and would adopt new safety procedures, ", "answer_start": 1265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " in 2009 Southwest and the FAA agreed that Southwest would pay a $7.5 million penalty and would adopt new safety procedures, ", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#21", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the monetary cost of this?", "answers": [{"text": "7.5 million.", "answer_span": "and in 2009 Southwest and the FAA agreed that Southwest would pay a $7.5 million penalty", "answer_start": 1262}], "orig_answer": {"text": "7.5 million.", "answer_span": "and in 2009 Southwest and the FAA agreed that Southwest would pay a $7.5 million penalty", "answer_start": 1262}, "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip_q#22", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "39lnwe0k4uwos3vy0hx9k1tln5uuip"}], "section_title": "Federal Aviation Administration", "background": "Federal Aviation Administration", "title": "Federal Aviation Administration"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "John Winston Ono Lennon, (born John Winston Lennon; 9 October 19408 December 1980) was an English singer, songwriter, musician, and activist who co-founded the Beatles, the most commercially successful and musically influential band in the history of popular music. He and fellow member Paul McCartney formed a much-celebrated songwriting partnership. \n\nBorn and raised in Liverpool, Lennon became involved in the skiffle craze as a teenager; his first band, the Quarrymen, was named the Silver Beatles, and finally evolved into the Beatles in 1960. When the group disbanded in 1970, Lennon embarked on a sporadic solo career that produced albums including \"John Lennon/Plastic Ono Band\" and \"Imagine\", and songs such as \"Give Peace a Chance\", \"Working Class Hero\", and \"Imagine\". After he married Yoko Ono in 1969, he added \"Ono\" as one of his middle names. Lennon disengaged himself from the music business in 1975 to raise his infant son Sean, but re-emerged with Ono in 1980 with the new album \"Double Fantasy\". He was shot and killed in front of his Manhattan apartment three weeks after its release. \n\nLennon revealed a rebellious nature and acerbic wit in his music, writing, drawings, on film and in interviews. Controversial through his political and peace activism, he moved from London to Manhattan in 1971, where his criticism of the Vietnam War resulted in a lengthy attempt by the Nixon administration to deport him. Some of his songs were adopted as anthems by the anti-war movement and the larger counterculture.", "qas": [{"question": "John Lennon When was Lennon born?", "answers": [{"text": "9 October", "answer_span": "9 October ", "answer_start": 52}], "orig_answer": {"text": "9 October", "answer_span": "9 October ", "answer_start": 52}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year?", "answers": [{"text": "1980", "answer_span": "1980", "answer_start": 77}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1980", "answer_span": "1980", "answer_start": 77}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his birth name?", "answers": [{"text": "John Winston Lennon", "answer_span": " John Winston Lennon", "answer_start": 30}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John Winston Lennon", "answer_span": " John Winston Lennon", "answer_start": 30}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was he born?", "answers": [{"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool", "answer_start": 373}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool", "answer_start": 373}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he raised there?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Born and raised in Liverpool", "answer_start": 354}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Born and raised in Liverpool", "answer_start": 354}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was popular when he was a teen?", "answers": [{"text": "skiffle craze", "answer_span": " skiffle craze ", "answer_start": 413}], "orig_answer": {"text": "skiffle craze", "answer_span": " skiffle craze ", "answer_start": 413}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he have a band?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " his first band", "answer_start": 442}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " his first band", "answer_start": 442}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his first band?", "answers": [{"text": "Quarrymen", "answer_span": "Quarrymen", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Quarrymen", "answer_span": "Quarrymen", "answer_start": 463}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it renamed?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "was named the Silver Beatles,", "answer_start": 474}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "was named the Silver Beatles,", "answer_start": 474}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What?", "answers": [{"text": "Silver Beatles", "answer_span": "Silver Beatles", "answer_start": 488}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Silver Beatles", "answer_span": "Silver Beatles", "answer_start": 488}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it in 1960?", "answers": [{"text": "Beatles", "answer_span": "Beatles ", "answer_start": 533}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Beatles", "answer_span": "Beatles ", "answer_start": 533}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long did that last", "answers": [{"text": "1960 to 1970", "answer_span": "disbanded in 1970", "answer_start": 565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1960 to 1970", "answer_span": "disbanded in 1970", "answer_start": 565}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many years was that?", "answers": [{"text": "10 years", "answer_span": "disbanded in 1970", "answer_start": 565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10 years", "answer_span": "disbanded in 1970", "answer_start": 565}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it a popular group?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Beatles in 1960.", "answer_start": 532}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Beatles in 1960.", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arv2rtb"}], "section_title": "John Lennon", "background": "John Lennon", "title": "John Lennon"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "St. Louis () is an independent city and major U.S. port in the state of Missouri, built along the western bank of the Mississippi River, on the border with Illinois. The city had an estimated 2016 population of 311,404, and is the cultural and economic center of the Greater St. Louis area (home to 2,916,447 people), making it the largest metropolitan area in Missouri and the 19th-largest in the United States. Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. \n\nPrior to European settlement, the area was a major regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de and Auguste Chouteau, and named after Louis IX of France. In 1764, following France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, the area was ceded to Spain and retroceded back to France in 1800. In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase. During the 19th century, St. Louis developed as a major port on the Mississippi River. In the 1870 Census, St. Louis was ranked as the 4th-largest city in the United States. It separated from St. Louis County in 1877, becoming an independent city and limiting its own political boundaries. In 1904, it hosted the Louisiana Purchase Exposition and the Summer Olympics.", "qas": [{"question": "St. Louis Where does St. Louis get it's name?", "answers": [{"text": "Louis IX of France.", "answer_span": "named after Louis IX of France. ", "answer_start": 737}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Louis IX of France.", "answer_span": "named after Louis IX of France. ", "answer_start": 737}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was it founded by?", "answers": [{"text": "Pierre Lacl\u00e8de", "answer_span": "The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de ", "answer_start": 632}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pierre Lacl\u00e8de", "answer_span": "The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 by French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de ", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he have help?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de and Auguste Chouteau, ", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de and Auguste Chouteau, ", "answer_start": 676}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From who?", "answers": [{"text": "Auguste Chouteau", "answer_span": "Auguste Chouteau", "answer_start": 715}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Auguste Chouteau", "answer_span": "Auguste Chouteau", "answer_start": 715}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was their occupation?", "answers": [{"text": "fur traders", "answer_span": " French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de and Auguste Chouteau, an", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "fur traders", "answer_span": " French fur traders Pierre Lacl\u00e8de and Auguste Chouteau, an", "answer_start": 676}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From where?", "answers": [{"text": "France", "answer_span": "French fur traders", "answer_start": 677}], "orig_answer": {"text": "France", "answer_span": "French fur traders", "answer_start": 677}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the start the city?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1764", "answer_span": ". The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 ", "answer_start": 630}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1764", "answer_span": ". The city of St. Louis was founded in 1764 ", "answer_start": 630}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was anybody already there?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Prior to European settlement, the area was a major regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. ", "answer_start": 523}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Prior to European settlement, the area was a major regional center of Native American Mississippian culture. ", "answer_start": 523}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who?", "answers": [{"text": "Native Americans", "answer_span": " Native American Mississippian culture.", "answer_start": 592}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Native Americans", "answer_span": " Native American Mississippian culture.", "answer_start": 592}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did France give it to?", "answers": [{"text": "Spain", "answer_span": " In 1764, following France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, the area was ceded to Spain ", "answer_start": 768}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": " In 1764, following France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, the area was ceded to Spain ", "answer_start": 768}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What war caused them to do that?", "answers": [{"text": "yjey lost a war", "answer_span": "France's defeat in the Seven Years' War,", "answer_start": 788}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yjey lost a war", "answer_span": "France's defeat in the Seven Years' War,", "answer_start": 788}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which one?", "answers": [{"text": "the Seven Years' War,", "answer_span": "France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, ", "answer_start": 788}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Seven Years' War,", "answer_span": "France's defeat in the Seven Years' War, ", "answer_start": 788}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Spain give it back?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and retroceded back to France in 1800.", "answer_start": 857}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and retroceded back to France in 1800.", "answer_start": 857}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "1800.", "answer_span": "etroceded back to France in 1800.", "answer_start": 862}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1800.", "answer_span": "etroceded back to France in 1800.", "answer_start": 862}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How did the U.S. get it?", "answers": [{"text": "part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "answer_span": " In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "answer_start": 895}], "orig_answer": {"text": "part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "answer_span": " In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "answer_start": 895}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1803", "answer_span": "In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1803", "answer_span": "In 1803, the United States acquired the territory as part of the Louisiana Purchase.", "answer_start": 896}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What river is it close to?", "answers": [{"text": "the Mississippi River,", "answer_span": " the western bank of the Mississippi River,", "answer_start": 93}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Mississippi River,", "answer_span": " the western bank of the Mississippi River,", "answer_start": 93}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people does it claim?", "answers": [{"text": "311,404", "answer_span": " The city had an estimated 2016 population of 311,404", "answer_start": 165}], "orig_answer": {"text": "311,404", "answer_span": " The city had an estimated 2016 population of 311,404", "answer_start": 165}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many Fortune 500 Companies are there?", "answers": [{"text": "9 in the city,", "answer_span": " Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. ", "answer_start": 412}], "orig_answer": {"text": "9 in the city,", "answer_span": " Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. ", "answer_start": 412}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many in the whole state?", "answers": [{"text": "10", "answer_span": "Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. ", "answer_start": 413}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10", "answer_span": "Nine of the ten Fortune 500 companies based in Missouri are located within the St. Louis metropolitan area. ", "answer_start": 413}, "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3jw0ylfxrtgjl248kygp3gnqn8gwwy"}], "section_title": "St. Louis", "background": "St. Louis", "title": "St. Louis"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "An Internet service provider (ISP) is an organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet. Internet service providers may be organized in various forms, such as commercial, community-owned, non-profit, or otherwise privately owned. \n\nInternet services typically provided by ISPs include Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, Usenet service, and colocation. \n\nThe Internet was developed as a network between government research laboratories and participating departments of universities. By the late 1980s, a process was set in place towards public, commercial use of the Internet. The remaining restrictions were removed by 1995, 4 years after the introduction of the World Wide Web. \n\nIn 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States. In Brookline, Massachusetts, The World became the first commercial ISP in the US. Its first customer was served in November 1989. \n\nOn 23 April 2014, the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) was reported to be considering a new rule that will permit ISPs to offer content providers a faster track to send content, thus reversing their earlier net neutrality position. A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband, according to Professor Susan Crawford, a legal and technology expert at Harvard Law School. On 15 May 2014, the FCC decided to consider two options regarding Internet services: first, permit fast and slow broadband lanes, thereby compromising net neutrality; and second, reclassify broadband as a telecommunication service, thereby preserving net neutrality. On 10 November 2014, President Barack Obama recommended that the FCC reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service in order to preserve net neutrality. On 16 January 2015, Republicans presented legislation, in the form of a U.S. Congress H.R. discussion draft bill, that makes concessions to net neutrality but prohibits the FCC from accomplishing the goal or enacting any further regulation affecting Internet service providers. On 31 January 2015, AP News reported that the FCC will present the notion of applying (\"with some caveats\") Title II (common carrier) of the Communications Act of 1934 to the internet in a vote expected on 26 February 2015. Adoption of this notion would reclassify internet service from one of information to one of the telecommunications and, according to Tom Wheeler, chairman of the FCC, ensure net neutrality. The FCC is expected to enforce net neutrality in its vote, according to the New York Times.", "qas": [{"question": "Internet service provider What is an ISP?", "answers": [{"text": "organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet", "answer_span": "organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet", "answer_start": 41}], "orig_answer": {"text": "organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet", "answer_span": "organization that provides services for accessing, using, the Internet", "answer_start": 41}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does ISP stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Internet service provider", "answer_span": " Internet service provider", "answer_start": 2}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Internet service provider", "answer_span": " Internet service provider", "answer_start": 2}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the first one started in the US?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1989", "answer_span": "In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States.", "answer_start": 744}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1989", "answer_span": "In 1989, the first ISPs were established in Australia and the United States.", "answer_start": 744}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "In Brookline, Massachusetts", "answer_span": "In Brookline, Massachusetts", "answer_start": 821}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In Brookline, Massachusetts", "answer_span": "In Brookline, Massachusetts", "answer_start": 821}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called?", "answers": [{"text": "The World", "answer_span": "The World became the first commercial ISP in the US", "answer_start": 850}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The World", "answer_span": "The World became the first commercial ISP in the US", "answer_start": 850}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the internet?", "answers": [{"text": "developed as a network between government research laboratories", "answer_span": " developed as a network between government research laboratories", "answer_start": 433}], "orig_answer": {"text": "developed as a network between government research laboratories", "answer_span": " developed as a network between government research laboratories", "answer_start": 433}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it becoming available to the general population?", "answers": [{"text": "November 1989.", "answer_span": "Its first customer was served in November 1989.", "answer_start": 903}], "orig_answer": {"text": "November 1989.", "answer_span": "Its first customer was served in November 1989.", "answer_start": 903}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What things does an ISP generally provide?", "answers": [{"text": "Internet access, transit web hosting, etc", "answer_span": "services typically provided by ISPs include Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, Usenet service, and colocation. ", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Internet access, transit web hosting, etc", "answer_span": "services typically provided by ISPs include Internet access, Internet transit, domain name registration, web hosting, Usenet service, and colocation. ", "answer_start": 265}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the government thinking about letting them offer fast and slow packages?", "answers": [{"text": "compromise net neutrality", "answer_span": "first, permit fast and slow broadband lanes, thereby compromising net neutrality", "answer_start": 1449}], "orig_answer": {"text": "compromise net neutrality", "answer_span": "first, permit fast and slow broadband lanes, thereby compromising net neutrality", "answer_start": 1449}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is Susan Crawford?", "answers": [{"text": "a legal and technology expert at Harvard Law School", "answer_span": "a legal and technology expert at Harvard Law School", "answer_start": 1311}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a legal and technology expert at Harvard Law School", "answer_span": "a legal and technology expert at Harvard Law School", "answer_start": 1311}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was her answer to threats to net neutrality?", "answers": [{"text": "municipal broadband", "answer_span": "A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband,", "answer_start": 1197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "municipal broadband", "answer_span": "A possible solution to net neutrality concerns may be municipal broadband,", "answer_start": 1197}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would happen if broadband was called a telecommunications service?", "answers": [{"text": "Preserve net neutrality", "answer_span": "reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service in order to preserve net neutrality.", "answer_start": 1700}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Preserve net neutrality", "answer_span": "reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service in order to preserve net neutrality.", "answer_start": 1700}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Obama want to do about it?", "answers": [{"text": "Reclassify it", "answer_span": "reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service", "answer_start": 1700}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Reclassify it", "answer_span": "reclassify broadband Internet service as a telecommunications service", "answer_start": 1700}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who wanted to prevent more rules on ISPs?", "answers": [{"text": "Republicans", "answer_span": "Republicans presented legislation, in the form of a U.S. Congress H.R. discussion draft bill, that makes concessions to net neutrality but prohibits the FCC from accomplishing the goal or enacting any further regulation affecting Internet service providers.", "answer_start": 1827}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Republicans", "answer_span": "Republicans presented legislation, in the form of a U.S. Congress H.R. discussion draft bill, that makes concessions to net neutrality but prohibits the FCC from accomplishing the goal or enacting any further regulation affecting Internet service providers.", "answer_start": 1827}, "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3wakvudhuwgr3je2hqtctc3c9pk7u8"}], "section_title": "Internet service provider", "background": "Internet service provider", "title": "Internet service provider"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) is a collection of databases dealing with genomes, biological pathways, diseases, drugs, and chemical substances. KEGG is utilized for bioinformatics research and education, including data analysis in genomics, metagenomics, metabolomics and other omics studies, modeling and simulation in systems biology, and translational research in drug development. \n\nThe KEGG database project was initiated in 1995 by Minoru Kanehisa, Professor at the Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, under the then ongoing Japanese Human Genome Program. Foreseeing the need for a computerized resource that can be used for biological interpretation of genome sequence data, he started developing the KEGG PATHWAY database. It is a collection of manually drawn KEGG pathway maps representing experimental knowledge on metabolism and various other functions of the cell and the organism. Each pathway map contains a network of molecular interactions and reactions and is designed to link genes in the genome to gene products (mostly proteins) in the pathway. This has enabled the analysis called KEGG pathway mapping, whereby the gene content in the genome is compared with the KEGG PATHWAY database to examine which pathways and associated functions are likely to be encoded in the genome. \n\nAccording to the developers, KEGG is a \"computer representation\" of the biological system. It integrates building blocks and wiring diagrams of the system \u2014 more specifically, genetic building blocks of genes and proteins, chemical building blocks of small molecules and reactions, and wiring diagrams of molecular interaction and reaction networks. This concept is realized in the following databases of KEGG, which are categorized into systems, genomic, chemical, and health information.", "qas": [{"question": "KEGG What project is this article about?", "answers": [{"text": "KEGG", "answer_span": "KEGG ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "KEGG", "answer_span": "KEGG ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which stands for?", "answers": [{"text": "Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes", "answer_span": "Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes", "answer_start": 6}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes", "answer_span": "Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes", "answer_start": 6}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it just one database?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "is a collection of databases", "answer_start": 47}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "is a collection of databases", "answer_start": 47}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it used for?", "answers": [{"text": "bioinformatics research", "answer_span": "KEGG is utilized for bioinformatics research and education", "answer_start": 161}], "orig_answer": {"text": "bioinformatics research", "answer_span": "KEGG is utilized for bioinformatics research and education", "answer_start": 161}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who began the project?", "answers": [{"text": "Minoru Kanehisa", "answer_span": "The KEGG database project was initiated in 1995 by Minoru Kanehisa", "answer_start": 404}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Minoru Kanehisa", "answer_span": "The KEGG database project was initiated in 1995 by Minoru Kanehisa", "answer_start": 404}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his occupation?", "answers": [{"text": "Professor", "answer_span": "Minoru Kanehisa, Professor at the Institute for", "answer_start": 455}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Professor", "answer_span": "Minoru Kanehisa, Professor at the Institute for", "answer_start": 455}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Kyoto University", "answer_span": "Kyoto University", "answer_start": 522}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kyoto University", "answer_span": "Kyoto University", "answer_start": 522}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which part?", "answers": [{"text": "the Institute for Chemical Research", "answer_span": "the Institute for Chemical Research", "answer_start": 485}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Institute for Chemical Research", "answer_span": "the Institute for Chemical Research", "answer_start": 485}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it begin?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1995", "answer_span": "initiated in 1995", "answer_start": 434}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1995", "answer_span": "initiated in 1995", "answer_start": 434}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which database was made first?", "answers": [{"text": "the KEGG PATHWAY database", "answer_span": "he started developing the KEGG PATHWAY database", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the KEGG PATHWAY database", "answer_span": "he started developing the KEGG PATHWAY database", "answer_start": 714}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is in it?", "answers": [{"text": "a collection of manually drawn KEGG pathway maps", "answer_span": " It is a collection of manually drawn KEGG pathway maps", "answer_start": 762}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a collection of manually drawn KEGG pathway maps", "answer_span": " It is a collection of manually drawn KEGG pathway maps", "answer_start": 762}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were they drawn by computer?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "manually drawn KEGG", "answer_start": 785}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "manually drawn KEGG", "answer_start": 785}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do these maps symbolize?", "answers": [{"text": "experimental knowledge on metabolism and various other functions of the cell and the organism", "answer_span": " experimental knowledge on metabolism and various other functions of the cell and the organism", "answer_start": 830}], "orig_answer": {"text": "experimental knowledge on metabolism and various other functions of the cell and the organism", "answer_span": " experimental knowledge on metabolism and various other functions of the cell and the organism", "answer_start": 830}, "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3myyfcxhj37bfevovn6omlib9oz4gn"}], "section_title": "KEGG", "background": "KEGG", "title": "KEGG"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also known as UNC, or simply Carolina, is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States. It is one of the 17 campuses of the University of North Carolina system. After being chartered in 1789, the university first began enrolling students in 1795, which also allows it to be one of three schools to claim the title of the oldest public university in the United States. \n\nThe first public institution of higher education in North Carolina, the school opened its doors to students on February 12, 1795. The university offers degrees in over 70 courses of study through fourteen colleges and the College of Arts and Sciences. All undergraduates receive a liberal arts education and have the option to pursue a major within the professional schools of the university or within the College of Arts and Sciences from the time they obtain junior status. Under the leadership of President Kemp Plummer Battle, in 1877 North Carolina became coeducational and began the process of desegregation in 1951 when African-American graduate students were admitted under Chancellor Robert Burton House. In 1952, North Carolina opened its own hospital, UNC Health Care, for research and treatment, and has since specialized in cancer care. The school's students, alumni, and sports teams are known as \"Tar Heels\".", "qas": [{"question": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill what is known as UNC", "answers": [{"text": "University of North Carolina", "answer_span": " University of North Carolina", "answer_start": 3}], "orig_answer": {"text": "University of North Carolina", "answer_span": " University of North Carolina", "answer_start": 3}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did it begin enrollemnet", "answers": [{"text": "1795", "answer_span": "the university first began enrolling students in 1795", "answer_start": 279}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1795", "answer_span": "the university first began enrolling students in 1795", "answer_start": 279}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many campuses", "answers": [{"text": "17 total campuses in the University of North Carolina system.", "answer_span": " It is one of the 17 campuses of the University of North Carolina system.", "answer_start": 174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "17 total campuses in the University of North Carolina system.", "answer_span": " It is one of the 17 campuses of the University of North Carolina system.", "answer_start": 174}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what date did it open", "answers": [{"text": "February 12, 1795", "answer_span": " opened its doors to students on February 12, 1795", "answer_start": 535}], "orig_answer": {"text": "February 12, 1795", "answer_span": " opened its doors to students on February 12, 1795", "answer_start": 535}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it have its own hospital", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " In 1952, North Carolina opened its own hospital, UNC Health Care,", "answer_start": 1170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " In 1952, North Carolina opened its own hospital, UNC Health Care,", "answer_start": 1170}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many courses of study are there", "answers": [{"text": "over 70", "answer_span": " in over 70 courses of study", "answer_start": 616}], "orig_answer": {"text": "over 70", "answer_span": " in over 70 courses of study", "answer_start": 616}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was it the first public instition", "answers": [{"text": "It was the first institution of higher education in North Carolina.", "answer_span": "The first public institution of higher education in North Carolina", "answer_start": 457}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It was the first institution of higher education in North Carolina.", "answer_span": "The first public institution of higher education in North Carolina", "answer_start": 457}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are the school teams known as", "answers": [{"text": "\"Tar Heels\"", "answer_span": "sports teams are known as \"Tar Heels\".", "answer_start": 1342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Tar Heels\"", "answer_span": "sports teams are known as \"Tar Heels\".", "answer_start": 1342}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was desegregation", "answers": [{"text": "1951", "answer_span": " began the process of desegregation in 1951", "answer_start": 1035}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1951", "answer_span": " began the process of desegregation in 1951", "answer_start": 1035}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it located in Florida", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also known as UNC, or simply Carolina, is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, also known as UNC, or simply Carolina, is a public research university located in Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does hospital specialize in", "answers": [{"text": "cancer care", "answer_span": " UNC Health Care, for research and treatment, and has since specialized in cancer care.", "answer_start": 1219}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cancer care", "answer_span": " UNC Health Care, for research and treatment, and has since specialized in cancer care.", "answer_start": 1219}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did the Medical facility open", "answers": [{"text": "1952", "answer_span": " In 1952, North Carolina opened its own hospital", "answer_start": 1170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1952", "answer_span": " In 1952, North Carolina opened its own hospital", "answer_start": 1170}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are there 3 educational facilities that claim the title of oldest", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "also allows it to be one of three schools to claim the title of the oldest public university in the United States. ", "answer_start": 340}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "also allows it to be one of three schools to claim the title of the oldest public university in the United States. ", "answer_start": 340}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xetcdjg"}], "section_title": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "background": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill", "title": "University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: \n\nThen, at the midwinter [1085], was the king in Glocester with his council ... . After this had the king a large meeting, and very deep consultation with his council, about this land; how it was occupied, and by what sort of men. Then sent he his men over all England into each shire; commissioning them to find out \"How many hundreds of hides were in the shire, what land the king himself had, and what stock upon the land; or, what dues he ought to have by the year from the shire.\" \n\nIt was written in Medieval Latin, was highly abbreviated, and included some vernacular native terms without Latin equivalents. The survey's main purpose was to determine what taxes had been owed during the reign of King Edward the Confessor, which allowed William to reassert the rights of the Crown and assess where power lay after a wholesale redistribution of land following the Norman conquest. \n\nThe assessors' reckoning of a man's holdings and their values, as recorded in Domesday Book, was dispositive and without appeal. The name \"Domesday Book\" (Middle English for \"Doomsday Book\") came into use in the 12th century. As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "qas": [{"question": "Domesday Book What piece of writing was created?", "answers": [{"text": "A book", "answer_span": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A book", "answer_span": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Domesday Book", "answer_span": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Domesday Book", "answer_span": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was another way of saying the title?", "answers": [{"text": "Liber de Wintonia", "answer_span": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Liber de Wintonia", "answer_span": "Domesday Book ( or ; Latin: \"Liber de Wintonia\" \"Book of Winchester\") is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it recording?", "answers": [{"text": "the Great Survey", "answer_span": "is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 70}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Great Survey", "answer_span": "is a manuscript record of the \"Great Survey\" of much of England and parts of Wales completed in 1086 by order of King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 70}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Of where?", "answers": [{"text": "Mostly England", "answer_span": "f much of England and parts of Wales completed ", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mostly England", "answer_span": "f much of England and parts of Wales completed ", "answer_start": 116}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where else?", "answers": [{"text": "Also some parts of Wales", "answer_span": "ch of England and parts of Wales completed", "answer_start": 120}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Also some parts of Wales", "answer_span": "ch of England and parts of Wales completed", "answer_start": 120}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it finished?", "answers": [{"text": "1086", "answer_span": "completed in 1086 b", "answer_start": 153}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1086", "answer_span": "completed in 1086 b", "answer_start": 153}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who demanded it?", "answers": [{"text": "King William", "answer_span": "King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 183}], "orig_answer": {"text": "King William", "answer_span": "King William the Conqueror. The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" states: ", "answer_start": 183}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What language was it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Medieval Latin", "answer_span": "It was written in Medieval Latin, was highly abbreviated, ", "answer_start": 735}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Medieval Latin", "answer_span": "It was written in Medieval Latin, was highly abbreviated, ", "answer_start": 735}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it all totally spelled out?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "was highly abbreviated", "answer_start": 769}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "was highly abbreviated", "answer_start": 769}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For what reason was it done?", "answers": [{"text": "taxes!", "answer_span": "The survey's main purpose was to determine what taxes had been owed during the reign of King Edward the Confessor", "answer_start": 862}], "orig_answer": {"text": "taxes!", "answer_span": "The survey's main purpose was to determine what taxes had been owed during the reign of King Edward the Confessor", "answer_start": 862}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During what kingdom?", "answers": [{"text": "the reign of King Edward", "answer_span": ". The survey's main purpose was to determine what taxes had been owed during the reign of King Edward the Confessor, ", "answer_start": 860}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the reign of King Edward", "answer_span": ". The survey's main purpose was to determine what taxes had been owed during the reign of King Edward the Confessor, ", "answer_start": 860}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it let the current kingdom do?", "answers": [{"text": "reassert the rights of the Crown", "answer_span": "which allowed William to reassert the rights of the Crown and assess where power lay after a wholesale redistribution of land following the Norman conquest. ", "answer_start": 977}], "orig_answer": {"text": "reassert the rights of the Crown", "answer_span": "which allowed William to reassert the rights of the Crown and assess where power lay after a wholesale redistribution of land following the Norman conquest. ", "answer_start": 977}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "assess where power lay after a wholesale redistribution of land", "answer_span": " assess where power lay a", "answer_start": 1038}], "orig_answer": {"text": "assess where power lay after a wholesale redistribution of land", "answer_span": " assess where power lay a", "answer_start": 1038}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "After what takeover?", "answers": [{"text": "the Norman conquest", "answer_span": "g the Norman conquest. ", "answer_start": 1111}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Norman conquest", "answer_span": "g the Norman conquest. ", "answer_start": 1111}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could the contents be appealed?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The assessors' reckoning of a man's holdings and their values, as recorded in Domesday Book, was dispositive and without appeal. The name \"Domesday Book\" (Middle English for \"Doomsday Book\") came into use in the 12th century. As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "answer_start": 1136}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The assessors' reckoning of a man's holdings and their values, as recorded in Domesday Book, was dispositive and without appeal. The name \"Domesday Book\" (Middle English for \"Doomsday Book\") came into use in the 12th century. As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "answer_start": 1136}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it get the more modern title?", "answers": [{"text": "the 12th Century", "answer_span": "The name \"Domesday Book\" (Middle English for \"Doomsday Book\") came into use in the 12th century. ", "answer_start": 1265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 12th Century", "answer_span": "The name \"Domesday Book\" (Middle English for \"Doomsday Book\") came into use in the 12th century. ", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who had a writing done in 1179?", "answers": [{"text": "Richard FitzNeal", "answer_span": ". As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "answer_start": 1360}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Richard FitzNeal", "answer_span": ". As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "answer_start": 1360}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Dialogus de Scaccario", "answer_span": "As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "answer_start": 1362}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dialogus de Scaccario", "answer_span": "As Richard FitzNeal wrote in the \"Dialogus de Scaccario\" (\"circa\" 1179):", "answer_start": 1362}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What time of the year did a kingdom have people go around to assess goods?", "answers": [{"text": "midwinter", "answer_span": "Then, at the midwinter [1085]", "answer_start": 249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "midwinter", "answer_span": "Then, at the midwinter [1085]", "answer_start": 249}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5ao7es7"}], "section_title": "Domesday Book", "background": "Domesday Book", "title": "Domesday Book"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Mammals include the largest animals on the planet, the rorquals and other large whales, as well as some of the most intelligent, such as elephants, primates, including humans, and cetaceans. The basic body type is a four-legged land-borne animal, but some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, or on two legs. The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta, which enables feeding the fetus during gestation. Mammals range in size from the 30\u201340 mm (1.2\u20131.6 in) bumblebee bat to the 33-meter (108 ft) blue whale. \n\nThe word \"mammal\" is modern, from the scientific name Mammalia coined by Carl Linnaeus in 1758, derived from the Latin mamma (\"teat, pap\"). All female mammals nurse their young with milk, which is secreted from special glands, the mammary glands. According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006. These were grouped in 1,229 genera, 153 families and 29 orders. In 2008 the IUCN completed a five-year, 1,700-scientist Global Mammal Assessment for its IUCN Red List, which counted 5,488 accepted species.", "qas": [{"question": "Mammal What are rorquals?", "answers": [{"text": "large whales", "answer_span": "rorquals and other large whales", "answer_start": 55}], "orig_answer": {"text": "large whales", "answer_span": "rorquals and other large whales", "answer_start": 55}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are some of the largest animals on the planet?", "answers": [{"text": "Mammals", "answer_span": "Mammals include the largest animals on the planet,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mammals", "answer_span": "Mammals include the largest animals on the planet,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are mammels adapted for the land only?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Mammals include the largest animals on the planet, the rorquals and other large whales", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Mammals include the largest animals on the planet, the rorquals and other large whales", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else are they adapted to?", "answers": [{"text": "in the air, in trees, or on two legs.", "answer_span": "some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, or on two legs.", "answer_start": 251}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the air, in trees, or on two legs.", "answer_span": "some mammals are adapted for life at sea, in the air, in trees, or on two legs.", "answer_start": 251}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the basic body type?", "answers": [{"text": "four-legged land-borne animal", "answer_span": "The basic body type is a four-legged land-borne animal", "answer_start": 191}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four-legged land-borne animal", "answer_span": "The basic body type is a four-legged land-borne animal", "answer_start": 191}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the word derived from?", "answers": [{"text": "from the scientific name Mammalia", "answer_span": "The word \"mammal\" is modern, from the scientific name Mammalia", "answer_start": 550}], "orig_answer": {"text": "from the scientific name Mammalia", "answer_span": "The word \"mammal\" is modern, from the scientific name Mammalia", "answer_start": 550}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and in Latin?", "answers": [{"text": "mamma", "answer_span": "Latin mamma", "answer_start": 663}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mamma", "answer_span": "Latin mamma", "answer_start": 663}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "meaning?", "answers": [{"text": "teat, pap", "answer_span": "Latin mamma (\"teat, pap\"", "answer_start": 663}], "orig_answer": {"text": "teat, pap", "answer_span": "Latin mamma (\"teat, pap\"", "answer_start": 663}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do all mammels produce milk and nurse?", "answers": [{"text": "All female mammals", "answer_span": "All female mammals nurse their young with milk", "answer_start": 690}], "orig_answer": {"text": "All female mammals", "answer_span": "All female mammals nurse their young with milk", "answer_start": 690}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it secreted from?", "answers": [{"text": "the mammary glands.", "answer_span": "milk, which is secreted from special glands, the mammary glands.", "answer_start": 732}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the mammary glands.", "answer_span": "milk, which is secreted from special glands, the mammary glands.", "answer_start": 732}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many mammel species were known in 2006?", "answers": [{"text": "5,416", "answer_span": "According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006", "answer_start": 797}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5,416", "answer_span": "According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006", "answer_start": 797}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "according to who?", "answers": [{"text": "Mammal Species of the World", "answer_span": "According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006.", "answer_start": 797}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mammal Species of the World", "answer_span": "According to Mammal Species of the World, 5,416 species were known in 2006.", "answer_start": 797}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how were they grouped?", "answers": [{"text": "1,229 genera, 153 families and 29 orders.", "answer_span": "These were grouped in 1,229 genera, 153 families and 29 orders.", "answer_start": 873}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1,229 genera, 153 families and 29 orders.", "answer_span": "These were grouped in 1,229 genera, 153 families and 29 orders.", "answer_start": 873}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 2008?", "answers": [{"text": "The IUCN completed a five-year, 1,700-scientist Global Mammal Assessment for its IUCN Red List,", "answer_span": " In 2008 the IUCN completed a five-year, 1,700-scientist Global Mammal Assessment for its IUCN Red List,", "answer_start": 936}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The IUCN completed a five-year, 1,700-scientist Global Mammal Assessment for its IUCN Red List,", "answer_span": " In 2008 the IUCN completed a five-year, 1,700-scientist Global Mammal Assessment for its IUCN Red List,", "answer_start": 936}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many did they count?", "answers": [{"text": "5,488 species.", "answer_span": "which counted 5,488 accepted species.", "answer_start": 1041}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5,488 species.", "answer_span": "which counted 5,488 accepted species.", "answer_start": 1041}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were these accepted?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "5,488 accepted species.", "answer_start": 1055}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "5,488 accepted species.", "answer_start": 1055}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the largest group of mammels?", "answers": [{"text": "placentals", "answer_span": "The largest group of mammals, the placentals", "answer_start": 331}], "orig_answer": {"text": "placentals", "answer_span": "The largest group of mammals, the placentals", "answer_start": 331}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why are they called this?", "answers": [{"text": "They have a placenta", "answer_span": "The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta", "answer_start": 331}], "orig_answer": {"text": "They have a placenta", "answer_span": "The largest group of mammals, the placentals, have a placenta", "answer_start": 331}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does this do?", "answers": [{"text": "enables feeding the fetus during gestation", "answer_span": "a placenta, which enables feeding the fetus during gestation", "answer_start": 382}], "orig_answer": {"text": "enables feeding the fetus during gestation", "answer_span": "a placenta, which enables feeding the fetus during gestation", "answer_start": 382}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Whatis the smallest mammal?", "answers": [{"text": "bumblebee bat", "answer_span": "Mammals range in size from the 30\u201340 mm (1.2\u20131.6 in) bumblebee bat", "answer_start": 444}], "orig_answer": {"text": "bumblebee bat", "answer_span": "Mammals range in size from the 30\u201340 mm (1.2\u20131.6 in) bumblebee bat", "answer_start": 444}, "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3l2is5hsfaig646pxxa1p9p295nun6"}], "section_title": "Mammal", "background": "Mammal", "title": "Mammal"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or \"other.\" Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850. Native Americans were included among \"Other;\" in later censuses, they were included as \"Free people of color\" if they were not living on Indian reservations. Slaves were counted separately from free persons in all the censuses until the Civil War and end of slavery. In later censuses, people of African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. \n\nBy 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census, reflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, but the wide variety of immigrants who had come to reside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s. With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. The Census Bureau changed its data collection by allowing people to self-identify as more than one ethnicity. Some ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.", "qas": [{"question": "Multiracial American How many ways were people of African Descent classified in 1790?", "answers": [{"text": "Just one", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or \"other.\"", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Just one", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or \"other.\"", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about free residents?", "answers": [{"text": "Also only one classification", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Also only one classification", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Unitil 1850 which group had their names included?", "answers": [{"text": "Heads of households", "answer_span": " Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850.", "answer_start": 152}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Heads of households", "answer_span": " Only the heads of households were identified by name in the federal census until 1850.", "answer_start": 152}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who took the count?", "answers": [{"text": "Enumerators", "answer_span": "n in the United States. Enumerators w", "answer_start": 53}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Enumerators", "answer_span": "n in the United States. Enumerators w", "answer_start": 53}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the US start the census?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1790", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1790", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "At first how were Native Americans classes?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Other\"", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or \"other.\" ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Other\"", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States. Enumerators were instructed to classify free residents as white or \"other.\" ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and later?", "answers": [{"text": "as \"Free people of color\"", "answer_span": "Native Americans were included among \"Other;\" in later censuses, they were included as \"Free people of color\"", "answer_start": 240}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as \"Free people of color\"", "answer_span": "Native Americans were included among \"Other;\" in later censuses, they were included as \"Free people of color\"", "answer_start": 240}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How were people with African blood classed?", "answers": [{"text": "By appearance", "answer_span": " In later censuses, people of African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. ", "answer_start": 506}], "orig_answer": {"text": "By appearance", "answer_span": " In later censuses, people of African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. ", "answer_start": 506}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many ways?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "y. In later censuses, people of African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. ", "answer_start": 504}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "y. In later censuses, people of African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. ", "answer_start": 504}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what were they?", "answers": [{"text": "Mulatto or black", "answer_span": "African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. ", "answer_start": 536}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mulatto or black", "answer_span": "African descent were classified by appearance as mulatto (which recognized visible European ancestry in addition to African) or black. ", "answer_start": 536}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many African Americans choose to include more than one race?", "answers": [{"text": "75%", "answer_span": " According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.", "answer_start": 1357}], "orig_answer": {"text": "75%", "answer_span": " According to the Census Bureau, as of 2002, over 75% of all African Americans had multiracial ancestries.", "answer_start": 1357}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does federal assistance depend on?", "answers": [{"text": "On Census data", "answer_span": ", as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. A", "answer_start": 1270}], "orig_answer": {"text": "On Census data", "answer_span": ", as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. A", "answer_start": 1270}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are people worried about this?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "ome ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as", "answer_start": 1188}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "ome ethnic groups are concerned about the potential political and economic effects, as", "answer_start": 1188}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which groups depend on this aid?", "answers": [{"text": "Historically underserved ones", "answer_span": ", as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. ", "answer_start": 1270}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Historically underserved ones", "answer_span": ", as federal assistance to historically underserved groups has depended on Census data. ", "answer_start": 1270}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did it include over 12 categories?", "answers": [{"text": "By 1990", "answer_span": "By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census,", "answer_start": 673}], "orig_answer": {"text": "By 1990", "answer_span": "By 1990, the Census Bureau included more than a dozen ethnic/racial categories on the census,", "answer_start": 673}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does this suggest a shift in thinking?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. T", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "With a changing society, more citizens have begun to press for acknowledging multiracial ancestry. T", "answer_start": 978}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "about what?", "answers": [{"text": "ethnicity", "answer_span": "eflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, ", "answer_start": 768}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ethnicity", "answer_span": "eflecting not only changing social ideas about ethnicity, ", "answer_start": 768}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of laws could have contributed?", "answers": [{"text": "immigration", "answer_span": "eside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s", "answer_start": 878}], "orig_answer": {"text": "immigration", "answer_span": "eside in the United States due to changing historical forces and new immigration laws in the 1960s", "answer_start": 878}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When were these laws from?", "answers": [{"text": "the 1960s", "answer_span": "d new immigration laws in the 1960s", "answer_start": 941}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 1960s", "answer_span": "d new immigration laws in the 1960s", "answer_start": 941}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country is this census from?", "answers": [{"text": "The United States", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The United States", "answer_span": "In 1790, the first federal population census was taken in the United States.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3lrliptpeq9vjp7ouf1uxgw486zakc"}], "section_title": "Multiracial American", "background": "Multiracial American", "title": "Multiracial American"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Bihar is an Indian state considered to be a part of Eastern as well as Northern India. It is the 13th-largest state of India, with an area of . The third-largest state of India by population, it is contiguous with Uttar Pradesh to its west, Nepal to the north, the northern part of West Bengal to the east, with Jharkhand to the south. The Bihar plain is split by the river Ganges which flows from west to east. Bihar is an amalgamation of three main distinct regions, these are Magadh, Mithila and Bhojpur. \n\nOn November 15, 2000, southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand. Only 11.3% of the population of Bihar lives in urban areas, which is the lowest in India after Himachal Pradesh. Additionally, almost 58% of Biharis are below the age of 25, giving Bihar the highest proportion of young people of any Indian state. The official languages of the state are Hindi and Urdu. Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika (Maithili is the only one of these to be officially accepted by the government). \n\nIn ancient and classical India, the area that is now Bihar was considered a centre of power, learning, and culture. From Magadha arose India's first empire, the Maurya empire, as well as one of the world's most widely adhered-to religions, Buddhism. Magadha empires, notably under the Maurya and Gupta dynasties, unified large parts of South Asia under a central rule. Another region of Bihar is Mithila which was an early centre of Brahmanical learning and the centre of the Videha kingdom. There is an ongoing movement in the Maithili speaking region of Bihar for a separate Indian state of Mithila. What will be the capital of the state has yet to be decided however Darbhanga is the most likely candidate. Other potential capitals include Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Madhubani and Begusarai.", "qas": [{"question": "Bihar Whats Bihar?", "answers": [{"text": "an Indian state", "answer_span": "Bihar is an Indian state ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an Indian state", "answer_span": "Bihar is an Indian state ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the largest state of India?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "t is the 13th-largest state of India,", "answer_start": 88}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "t is the 13th-largest state of India,", "answer_start": 88}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What river is it spilt on?", "answers": [{"text": "the Ganges", "answer_span": "The Bihar plain is split by the river Ganges", "answer_start": 336}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Ganges", "answer_span": "The Bihar plain is split by the river Ganges", "answer_start": 336}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what happened in november 2000", "answers": [{"text": "southern Bihar was ceded", "answer_span": "November 15, 2000, southern Bihar was ceded", "answer_start": 513}], "orig_answer": {"text": "southern Bihar was ceded", "answer_span": "November 15, 2000, southern Bihar was ceded", "answer_start": 513}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are the official languages", "answers": [{"text": "Hindi and Urdu", "answer_span": "he official languages of the state are Hindi and Urdu", "answer_start": 841}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hindi and Urdu", "answer_span": "he official languages of the state are Hindi and Urdu", "answer_start": 841}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any other languages spoken?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika", "answer_start": 896}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which ones?", "answers": [{"text": "Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika", "answer_span": "Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika ", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika", "answer_span": "Other languages commonly used within the state include Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika ", "answer_start": 896}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was bihar considered in ancient india?", "answers": [{"text": "a centre of power", "answer_span": "In ancient and classical India, the area that is now Bihar was considered a centre of power", "answer_start": 1082}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a centre of power", "answer_span": "In ancient and classical India, the area that is now Bihar was considered a centre of power", "answer_start": 1082}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was the first empire?", "answers": [{"text": "the Maurya empire", "answer_span": "From Magadha arose India's first empire, the Maurya empire", "answer_start": 1198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Maurya empire", "answer_span": "From Magadha arose India's first empire, the Maurya empire", "answer_start": 1198}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what became a seperate indian state?", "answers": [{"text": "southern Bihar", "answer_span": "southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand", "answer_start": 532}], "orig_answer": {"text": "southern Bihar", "answer_span": "southern Bihar was ceded to form the new state of Jharkhand", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what other cities was considered potential captials?", "answers": [{"text": "Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Madhubani and Begusarai.", "answer_span": "What will be the capital of the state has yet to be decided however Darbhanga is the most likely candidate. Other potential capitals include Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Madhubani and Begusarai.", "answer_start": 1684}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Darbhanga, Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Madhubani and Begusarai.", "answer_span": "What will be the capital of the state has yet to be decided however Darbhanga is the most likely candidate. Other potential capitals include Muzaffarpur, Purnia, Madhubani and Begusarai.", "answer_start": 1684}, "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3b4yi393v9wx746qgown92hkbf8sse"}], "section_title": "Bihar", "background": "Bihar", "title": "Bihar"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Detroit (/d\u1d7b\u02c8tr\u0254\u026at/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan, the fourth-largest city in the Midwest and the largest city on the United States\u2013Canada border. It is the seat of Wayne County, the most populous county in the state. Detroit's metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit, is home to 5.3 million people, making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States and the second-largest in the Midwestern United States (behind Chicago). It is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway. The City of Detroit anchors the second-largest economic region in the Midwest, behind Chicago, and the thirteenth-largest in the United States. \n\nDetroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census) six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]), and a nine-county Combined Statistical Area (2010 Census population of 5,218,852, area of 5,814 square miles [15,060 km2]). The Detroit\u2013Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada\u2013U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000. The Detroit metropolitan region holds roughly one-half of Michigan's population.", "qas": [{"question": "Detroit What is the most populous city is Michigan?", "answers": [{"text": "Detroit", "answer_span": "Detroit (/d\u1d7b\u02c8tr\u0254\u026at/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Detroit", "answer_span": "Detroit (/d\u1d7b\u02c8tr\u0254\u026at/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What county is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Wayne County", "answer_span": " It is the seat of Wayne County,", "answer_start": 173}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wayne County", "answer_span": " It is the seat of Wayne County,", "answer_start": 173}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which border is it on?", "answers": [{"text": "United States-Canada", "answer_span": "the fourth-largest city in the Midwest and the largest city on the United States\u2013Canada border.", "answer_start": 78}], "orig_answer": {"text": "United States-Canada", "answer_span": "the fourth-largest city in the Midwest and the largest city on the United States\u2013Canada border.", "answer_start": 78}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the metro are called?", "answers": [{"text": "Metro Detroit,", "answer_span": "Detroit's metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit,", "answer_start": 245}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Metro Detroit,", "answer_span": "Detroit's metropolitan area, known as Metro Detroit,", "answer_start": 245}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it behind Chicago in Midwestern metro population?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States and the second-largest in the Midwestern United States (behind Chicago)", "answer_start": 329}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States and the second-largest in the Midwestern United States (behind Chicago)", "answer_start": 329}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the fourteenth-most populous in the US?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States", "answer_start": 329}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "making it the fourteenth-most populous metropolitan area in the United States", "answer_start": 329}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people does the metro have?", "answers": [{"text": "4,296,250,", "answer_span": " six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250,", "answer_start": 885}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4,296,250,", "answer_span": " six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250,", "answer_start": 885}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What river is it on?", "answers": [{"text": "the Detroit River", "answer_span": "It is a major port on the Detroit River, ", "answer_start": 480}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Detroit River", "answer_span": "It is a major port on the Detroit River, ", "answer_start": 480}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the second-largest economic region in the Midwest?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The City of Detroit anchors the second-largest economic region in the Midwest,", "answer_start": 597}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The City of Detroit anchors the second-largest economic region in the Midwest,", "answer_start": 597}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many counties in the urban area of the center of?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area ", "answer_start": 743}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area ", "answer_start": 743}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the Census used to estimate population?", "answers": [{"text": "the 2010 United States census", "answer_span": "Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census)", "answer_start": 743}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 2010 United States census", "answer_span": "Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (population 3,734,090, area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2), a 2010 United States Census)", "answer_start": 743}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the area of the metro?", "answers": [{"text": "3,913", "answer_span": "six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2])", "answer_start": 886}], "orig_answer": {"text": "3,913", "answer_span": "six-county metropolitan statistical area (2010 Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2])", "answer_start": 886}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in km?", "answers": [{"text": "10,130 km2", "answer_span": "Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]", "answer_start": 933}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10,130 km2", "answer_span": "Census population of 4,296,250, area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2]", "answer_start": 933}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the Detroit-Windsor area cross the border?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Detroit\u2013Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada\u2013U.S. border, ", "answer_start": 1131}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Detroit\u2013Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada\u2013U.S. border, ", "answer_start": 1131}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the population of that are?", "answers": [{"text": "5,700,000", "answer_span": "The Detroit\u2013Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada\u2013U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000", "answer_start": 1131}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5,700,000", "answer_span": "The Detroit\u2013Windsor area, a commercial link straddling the Canada\u2013U.S. border, has a total population of about 5,700,000", "answer_start": 1131}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What percent of Michigan's population lives in the area?", "answers": [{"text": "roughly one-half", "answer_span": "The Detroit metropolitan region holds roughly one-half of Michigan's population.", "answer_start": 1253}], "orig_answer": {"text": "roughly one-half", "answer_span": "The Detroit metropolitan region holds roughly one-half of Michigan's population.", "answer_start": 1253}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the seat of Wayne County?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is the seat of Wayne County, t", "answer_start": 174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is the seat of Wayne County, t", "answer_start": 174}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it connect to the Great Lakes system?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "t is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system ", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "t is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system ", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Seaway does it connect to?", "answers": [{"text": "the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "answer_span": "It is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "answer_start": 480}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "answer_span": "It is a major port on the Detroit River, a strait that connects the Great Lakes system to the Saint Lawrence Seaway.", "answer_start": 480}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which country is Detroit located in?", "answers": [{"text": "the U.S.", "answer_span": "Detroit (/d\u1d7b\u02c8tr\u0254\u026at/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the U.S.", "answer_span": "Detroit (/d\u1d7b\u02c8tr\u0254\u026at/) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Michigan,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ps7w85z8z2ghpn6wi1m2c8gl2xt9d"}], "section_title": "Detroit", "background": "Detroit", "title": "Detroit"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol. The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975, under the original title NBC's Saturday Night. The show's comedy sketches, which parody contemporary culture and politics, are performed by a large and varying cast of repertory and newer cast members. Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest (who usually delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast) and features performances by a musical guest. An episode normally begins with a cold open sketch that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming, \"Live from New York, it's Saturday Night!\", properly beginning the show. \n\nIn 1980, Michaels left the series to explore other opportunities. He was replaced by Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews. Ebersol ran the show until 1985, when Michaels returned; Michaels has remained since then. Many of \"SNL\"s cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, and achieved success in film and television, both in front of and behind the camera. Others associated with the show, such as writers, have gone on to successful careers creating, writing, or starring in TV and film.", "qas": [{"question": "Saturday Night Live Has the shown been good for it\u2019s cast and writers?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Many of \"SNL\"s cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, and achieved success in film and television, both in front of and behind the camera.", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Many of \"SNL\"s cast found national stardom while appearing on the show, and achieved success in film and television, both in front of and behind the camera.", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Michaels leave?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1980", "answer_span": "n 1980, Michaels left the series", "answer_start": 779}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1980", "answer_span": "n 1980, Michaels left the series", "answer_start": 779}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who replaced him?", "answers": [{"text": "Jean Doumanian", "answer_span": "He was replaced by Jean Doumanian", "answer_start": 844}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jean Doumanian", "answer_span": "He was replaced by Jean Doumanian", "answer_start": 844}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the show premier?", "answers": [{"text": "October 11, 1975", "answer_span": "The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975", "answer_start": 171}], "orig_answer": {"text": "October 11, 1975", "answer_span": "The show premiered on NBC on October 11, 1975", "answer_start": 171}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is the show made?", "answers": [{"text": "New York", "answer_span": "Live from New York, it's Saturday Nigh", "answer_start": 704}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New York", "answer_span": "Live from New York, it's Saturday Nigh", "answer_start": 704}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have an abbreviation?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is that?", "answers": [{"text": "SNL", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "SNL", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "standing for?", "answers": [{"text": "Saturday Night Live", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saturday Night Live", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who got bad reviews?", "answers": [{"text": "Jean Doumanian,", "answer_span": "Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jean Doumanian,", "answer_span": "Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season of bad reviews", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who hosts the episodes?", "answers": [{"text": "a celebrity guest", "answer_span": "Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest ", "answer_start": 420}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a celebrity guest", "answer_span": "Each episode is hosted by a celebrity guest ", "answer_start": 420}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many seasons was Jean there?", "answers": [{"text": "One", "answer_span": "Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "One", "answer_span": "Jean Doumanian, who was replaced by Ebersol after a season", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Micheals ever return?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "1985, when Michaels returned", "answer_start": 965}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "1985, when Michaels returned", "answer_start": 965}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "1985", "answer_span": "1985, when Michaels returned; ", "answer_start": 965}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1985", "answer_span": "1985, when Michaels returned; ", "answer_start": 965}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the original title?", "answers": [{"text": "NBC's Saturday Night", "answer_span": "original title NBC's Saturday Night", "answer_start": 228}], "orig_answer": {"text": "NBC's Saturday Night", "answer_span": "original title NBC's Saturday Night", "answer_start": 228}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who created it?", "answers": [{"text": "Lorne Michaels", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lorne Michaels", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why did michaels originally leave?", "answers": [{"text": "to explore other opportunities", "answer_span": "In 1980, Michaels left the series to explore other opportunities", "answer_start": 778}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to explore other opportunities", "answer_span": "In 1980, Michaels left the series to explore other opportunities", "answer_start": 778}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and who developed it?", "answers": [{"text": "Dick Ebersol", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dick Ebersol", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels and developed by Dick Ebersol", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is this a day-time show?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "then what is it?", "answers": [{"text": "a late-night television show", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a late-night television show", "answer_span": "Saturday Night Live (abbreviated as SNL) is an American late-night live television", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3y54sxro1lle1hb9utwdy8vuyu3utf"}], "section_title": "Saturday Night Live", "background": "Saturday Night Live", "title": "Saturday Night Live"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States. It is bordered by Massachusetts to the south, Vermont to the west, Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east, and the Canadian province of Quebec to the north. New Hampshire is the 5th smallest by land area and the 9th least populous of the 50 United States. \n\nIn January 1776, it became the first of the British North American colonies to establish a government independent of the Kingdom of Great Britain's authority, and it was the first to establish its own state constitution. Six months later, it became one of the original 13 states that founded the United States of America, and in June 1788 it was the ninth state to ratify the Constitution, bringing that document into effect. \n\nConcord is the state capital, while Manchester is the largest city in the state and in northern New England, including Vermont and Maine. It has no general sales tax, nor is personal income (other than interest and dividends) taxed at either the state or local level. The New Hampshire primary is the first primary in the U.S. presidential election cycle. Its license plates carry the state motto, \"Live Free or Die\". The state's nickname, \"The Granite State\", refers to its extensive granite formations and quarries.", "qas": [{"question": "New Hampshire What is the capital of New Hampshire?", "answers": [{"text": "Concord", "answer_span": "Concord is the state capital", "answer_start": 774}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Concord", "answer_span": "Concord is the state capital", "answer_start": 774}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Concord is also the biggest city in the state.", "answers": [{"text": "False", "answer_span": "Manchester is the largest city in the state", "answer_start": 810}], "orig_answer": {"text": "False", "answer_span": "Manchester is the largest city in the state", "answer_start": 810}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is?", "answers": [{"text": "Manchester", "answer_span": "Manchester is the largest city in the state", "answer_start": 810}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Manchester", "answer_span": "Manchester is the largest city in the state", "answer_start": 810}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do New Hampshire license plates say?", "answers": [{"text": "the state motto", "answer_span": " Its license plates carry the state motto", "answer_start": 1129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the state motto", "answer_span": " Its license plates carry the state motto", "answer_start": 1129}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the motto?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Live Free or Die\"", "answer_span": "the state motto, \"Live Free or Die\"", "answer_start": 1155}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Live Free or Die\"", "answer_span": "the state motto, \"Live Free or Die\"", "answer_start": 1155}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the state also called?", "answers": [{"text": "The Granite State", "answer_span": "The state's nickname, \"The Granite State", "answer_start": 1192}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Granite State", "answer_span": "The state's nickname, \"The Granite State", "answer_start": 1192}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why?", "answers": [{"text": "For its extensive granite formations and quarries.", "answer_span": "refers to its extensive granite formations and quarries", "answer_start": 1235}], "orig_answer": {"text": "For its extensive granite formations and quarries.", "answer_span": "refers to its extensive granite formations and quarries", "answer_start": 1235}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of a state that borders New Hampshire?", "answers": [{"text": "Massachusetts", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Massachusetts", "answer_start": 86}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Massachusetts", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Massachusetts", "answer_start": 86}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "Vermont", "answer_span": " Vermont to the west", "answer_start": 131}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Vermont", "answer_span": " Vermont to the west", "answer_start": 131}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And one more?", "answers": [{"text": "Maine", "answer_span": "Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 153}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Maine", "answer_span": "Maine and the Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 153}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it landlocked?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "the Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 163}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 163}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What water does it border?", "answers": [{"text": "Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": "Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 167}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": "Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 167}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "On what side?", "answers": [{"text": "to the east", "answer_span": "Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 167}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to the east", "answer_span": "Atlantic Ocean to the east", "answer_start": 167}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Apart from the ocean, the state is surrounded entirely by U.S. territory.", "answers": [{"text": "False.", "answer_span": "the Canadian province of Quebec to the north", "answer_start": 199}], "orig_answer": {"text": "False.", "answer_span": "the Canadian province of Quebec to the north", "answer_start": 199}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What other country's territory borders it?", "answers": [{"text": "Canada's", "answer_span": "the Canadian province of Quebec", "answer_start": 199}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Canada's", "answer_span": "the Canadian province of Quebec", "answer_start": 199}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What area in specific?", "answers": [{"text": "the province of Quebec", "answer_span": "the Canadian province of Quebec", "answer_start": 199}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the province of Quebec", "answer_span": "the Canadian province of Quebec", "answer_start": 199}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many states did the U.S. originally have?", "answers": [{"text": "13", "answer_span": "the original 13 states", "answer_start": 602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "13", "answer_span": "the original 13 states", "answer_start": 602}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was New Hampshire one of them?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " it became one of the original 13 states", "answer_start": 584}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " it became one of the original 13 states", "answer_start": 584}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it do in 1788?", "answers": [{"text": "ratify the Constitution", "answer_span": " in June 1788 it was the ninth state to ratify the Constitution", "answer_start": 671}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ratify the Constitution", "answer_span": " in June 1788 it was the ninth state to ratify the Constitution", "answer_start": 671}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it the first state to do so?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "was the ninth state to ratify the Constitution", "answer_start": 688}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "was the ninth state to ratify the Constitution", "answer_start": 688}, "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3z7ishfuh0vcpwdvxikqo4emm2ez87"}], "section_title": "New Hampshire", "background": "New Hampshire", "title": "New Hampshire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Burundi ( or ), officially the Republic of Burundi (, ; , or ), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. It is also considered part of Central Africa. Burundi's capital is Bujumbura. The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. \n\nThe Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years. For more than 200 of those years, Burundi was an independent kingdom, until the beginning of the 20th century, when Germany colonised the region. After the First World War and Germany's defeat, it ceded the territory to Belgium. Both Germans and Belgians ruled Burundi and Rwanda as a European colony known as Ruanda-Urundi. Despite common misconceptions, Burundi and Rwanda had never been under common rule until the time of European colonisation. \n\nBurundi gained independence in 1962 and initially had a monarchy, but a series of assassinations, coups and a general climate of regional instability culminated in the establishment of a republic and one-party state in 1966. Bouts of ethnic cleansing and ultimately two civil wars and genocides during the 1970s and again in the 1990s left the country undeveloped and its population as one of the world's poorest. 2015 witnessed large-scale political strife as President Pierre Nkurunziza opted to run for a third term in office, a coup attempt failed and the country's parliamentary and presidential elections were broadly criticised by members of the international community.", "qas": [{"question": "Burundi Where is Burundi located?", "answers": [{"text": "in the African Great Lakes region", "answer_span": " in the African Great Lakes region ", "answer_start": 87}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the African Great Lakes region", "answer_span": " in the African Great Lakes region ", "answer_start": 87}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is to the north of it?", "answers": [{"text": "Rwanda", "answer_span": "Rwanda to the north", "answer_start": 150}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rwanda", "answer_span": "Rwanda to the north", "answer_start": 150}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "To its west?", "answers": [{"text": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "answer_span": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "answer_start": 211}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "answer_span": "Democratic Republic of the Congo", "answer_start": 211}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and east?", "answers": [{"text": "Tanzania", "answer_span": " Tanzania to the east", "answer_start": 170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tanzania", "answer_span": " Tanzania to the east", "answer_start": 170}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Burundi's capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Bujumbura.", "answer_span": "Burundi's capital is Bujumbura.", "answer_start": 303}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bujumbura.", "answer_span": "Burundi's capital is Bujumbura.", "answer_start": 303}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it considered part of central Africa", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is also considered part of Central Africa.", "answer_start": 257}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is also considered part of Central Africa.", "answer_start": 257}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What lake is adjacent to its border?", "answers": [{"text": "Lake Tanganyika.", "answer_span": " The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. \n", "answer_start": 334}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lake Tanganyika.", "answer_span": " The southwestern border is adjacent to Lake Tanganyika. \n", "answer_start": 334}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of people have been living in Burundi?", "answers": [{"text": "The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi", "answer_span": "The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years.", "answer_start": 393}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi", "answer_span": "The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years.", "answer_start": 393}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many years?", "answers": [{"text": "at least 500 years.", "answer_span": "The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years.", "answer_start": 393}], "orig_answer": {"text": "at least 500 years.", "answer_span": "The Twa, Hutu and Tutsi peoples have lived in Burundi for at least 500 years.", "answer_start": 393}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was Burundi an independent kingdom?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " For more than 200 of those years, Burundi was an independent kingdom,", "answer_start": 470}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " For more than 200 of those years, Burundi was an independent kingdom,", "answer_start": 470}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Germany colonise the region?", "answers": [{"text": "the beginning of the 20th century", "answer_span": " until the beginning of the 20th century, when Germany colonised the region.", "answer_start": 540}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the beginning of the 20th century", "answer_span": " until the beginning of the 20th century, when Germany colonised the region.", "answer_start": 540}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did the territory become then?", "answers": [{"text": "Ruanda-Urundi.", "answer_span": "ruled Burundi and Rwanda as a European colony known as Ruanda-Urundi.", "answer_start": 726}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ruanda-Urundi.", "answer_span": "ruled Burundi and Rwanda as a European colony known as Ruanda-Urundi.", "answer_start": 726}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "After the first world war, who did it cede it territory to?", "answers": [{"text": "to Belgium", "answer_span": "fter the First World War and Germany's defeat, it ceded the territory to Belgium", "answer_start": 618}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to Belgium", "answer_span": "fter the First World War and Germany's defeat, it ceded the territory to Belgium", "answer_start": 618}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Until when did Burundi and Rwanda come under a common rule?", "answers": [{"text": "Burundi gained independence in 1962", "answer_span": "Burundi gained independence in 1962 ", "answer_start": 922}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Burundi gained independence in 1962", "answer_span": "Burundi gained independence in 1962 ", "answer_start": 922}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did it have a monarchy?", "answers": [{"text": "initially, yes", "answer_span": "Burundi gained independence in 1962 and initially had a monarchy, ", "answer_start": 922}], "orig_answer": {"text": "initially, yes", "answer_span": "Burundi gained independence in 1962 and initially had a monarchy, ", "answer_start": 922}, "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "37uqdcyh6xvrgy32mg3hpy5vn737vt"}], "section_title": "Burundi", "background": "Burundi", "title": "Burundi"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The defined dogma of the Immaculate Conception regards original sin only, saying that Mary was preserved from any stain (in Latin, macula or labes, the second of these two synonymous words being the one used in the formal definition). The proclaimed Roman Catholic dogma states \"that the most Blessed Virgin Mary, in the first instance of her conception, by a singular grace and privilege granted by Almighty God, in view of the merits of Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race, was preserved free from all stain of original sin.\" Therefore, being always free from original sin, the doctrine teaches that from her conception Mary received the sanctifying grace that would normally come with baptism after birth. \n\nThe definition makes no declaration about the Church's belief that the Blessed Virgin was sinless in the sense of freedom from actual or personal sin. However, the Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally, \"free from all sin, original or personal\". The Council of Trent decreed: \"If anyone shall say that a man once justified can sin no more, nor lose grace, and that therefore he who falls and sins was never truly justified; or, on the contrary, that throughout his whole life he can avoid all sins even venial sins, except by a special privilege of God, as the Church holds in regard to the Blessed Virgin: let him be anathema.\"", "qas": [{"question": "Immaculate Conception Which religion is this about?", "answers": [{"text": "Roman Catholic", "answer_span": "Roman Catholic", "answer_start": 250}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Roman Catholic", "answer_span": "Roman Catholic", "answer_start": 250}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the Immaculate Conception deal with?", "answers": [{"text": "original sin", "answer_span": "regards original sin", "answer_start": 47}], "orig_answer": {"text": "original sin", "answer_span": "regards original sin", "answer_start": 47}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From what language is macula or labes?", "answers": [{"text": "Latin", "answer_span": "in Latin, macula or labes", "answer_start": 121}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Latin", "answer_span": "in Latin, macula or labes", "answer_start": 121}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who granted Mary a privilege?", "answers": [{"text": "God,", "answer_span": "by a singular grace and privilege granted by Almighty God,", "answer_start": 355}], "orig_answer": {"text": "God,", "answer_span": "by a singular grace and privilege granted by Almighty God,", "answer_start": 355}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does Mary have the stain or original sin?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " preserved free from all stain of original sin", "answer_start": 487}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " preserved free from all stain of original sin", "answer_start": 487}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is actual or personal sin different from that?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "he sense of freedom from actual or personal sin", "answer_start": 821}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "he sense of freedom from actual or personal sin", "answer_start": 821}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the church find Mary to have personally sinned?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "he Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally,", "answer_start": 880}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "he Church holds that Mary was also sinless personally,", "answer_start": 880}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By what other title is Mary known?", "answers": [{"text": "Blessed Virgin Mary", "answer_span": "Blessed Virgin Mary", "answer_start": 293}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Blessed Virgin Mary", "answer_span": "Blessed Virgin Mary", "answer_start": 293}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is the Saviour of the human race?", "answers": [{"text": "Jesus Christ", "answer_span": "Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race", "answer_start": 439}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jesus Christ", "answer_span": "Jesus Christ, the Saviour of the human race", "answer_start": 439}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do you know what the Council of Trent was?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Council of Trent decreed", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Council of Trent decreed", "answer_start": 978}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did the Council have authority to decree certain rules or beliefs?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Council of Trent decreed: ", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Council of Trent decreed: ", "answer_start": 978}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92aggx8"}], "section_title": "Immaculate Conception", "background": "Immaculate Conception", "title": "Immaculate Conception"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. \n\nThe goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and only in their penalty area. Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use their head or torso to do so instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. If the score is level at the end of the game, either a draw is declared or the game goes into extra time and/or a penalty shootout depending on the format of the competition. The Laws of the Game were originally codified in England by The Football Association in 1863. Association football is governed internationally by the International Federation of Association Football (FIFA; French: F\u00e9d\u00e9ration Internationale de Football Association), which organises World Cups for both men and women every four years.", "qas": [{"question": "Association football What is this article about?", "answers": [{"text": "ancient ball games", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. \n", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ancient ball games", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. \n", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they have names?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. \n", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. \n", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they called?", "answers": [{"text": "Phaininda", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Phaininda", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there any other name?", "answers": [{"text": "harpastum", "answer_span": "ball game harpastum", "answer_start": 258}], "orig_answer": {"text": "harpastum", "answer_span": "ball game harpastum", "answer_start": 258}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do we know where they were played?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Phaininda and episkyros were Greek ball games. An image of an episkyros player depicted in low relief on a vase at the National Archaeological Museum of Athens appears on the UEFA European Championship Cup. Athenaeus, writing in 228 AD, referenced the Roman ball game harpastum. Phaininda, episkyros and harpastum were played involving hands and violence. They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. As with pre-codified \"mob football\", the antecedent of all modern football codes, these three games involved more handling the ball than kicking. Non-competitive games included kemari in Japan, chuk-guk in Korea and woggabaliri in Australia. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was that?", "answers": [{"text": "Rome", "answer_span": "Roman ball game harpastum.", "answer_start": 252}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rome", "answer_span": "Roman ball game harpastum.", "answer_start": 252}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do we have any modern sport like them?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. ", "answer_start": 356}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football. ", "answer_start": 356}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is that?", "answers": [{"text": "rugby football, wrestling and volleyball", "answer_span": "They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football.", "answer_start": 356}], "orig_answer": {"text": "rugby football, wrestling and volleyball", "answer_span": "They all appear to have resembled rugby football, wrestling and volleyball more than what is recognizable as modern football.", "answer_start": 356}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are any participants permitted to handle the ball?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and only in their penalty area. Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use their head or torso to do so instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. ", "answer_start": 726}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms while it is in play and only in their penalty area. Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball, but may also use their head or torso to do so instead. The team that scores the most goals by the end of the match wins. ", "answer_start": 726}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which ones?", "answers": [{"text": "Outfield players", "answer_span": "Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball,", "answer_start": 866}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Outfield players", "answer_span": "Outfield players mostly use their feet to strike or pass the ball,", "answer_start": 866}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How do goalies handle the object?", "answers": [{"text": "allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms", "answer_span": "The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms", "answer_start": 726}], "orig_answer": {"text": "allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms", "answer_span": "The goalkeepers are the only players allowed to touch the ball with their hands or arms", "answer_start": 726}, "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3lj7ur74rhdhp6cairjjc5r8asy4ns"}], "section_title": "Association football", "background": "Association football", "title": "Association football"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The German Empire (, officially ') was the German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871 until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918. \n\nIt was founded in 1871 when Wilhelm I, King of Prussia from the Hohenzollern dynasty was proclaimed the German Emperor in the Hall of Mirrors at the Palace of Versailles. Berlin became its capital with the Berlin Palace being the Emperor's official residence. Its constitution entered into force, and Otto von Bismarck became the first Chancellor. As these events occurred, the Prussian-led North German Confederation and its southern German allies were still engaged in the Franco-Prussian War. The state was founded with a notable exclusion of Austria and, as such, represented the Lesser German solution (\"Kleindeutsche L\u00f6sung\"). \n\nThe German Empire consisted of 26 constituent territories, with most being ruled by royal families. This included four kingdoms, six grand duchies, five duchies (six before 1876), seven principalities, three free Hanseatic cities, and one imperial territory. Although Prussia became one of several kingdoms in the new realm, it contained most of its population and territory, thus remaining a powerhouse with a major say in imperial affairs. Its influence also helped define modern German culture.", "qas": [{"question": "German Empire When was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1871", "answer_span": "The German Empire (, officially ') was the German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1871", "answer_span": "The German Empire (, officially ') was the German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many territories does it consist of?", "answers": [{"text": "26", "answer_span": "\nThe German Empire consisted of 26 constituent territorie", "answer_start": 803}], "orig_answer": {"text": "26", "answer_span": "\nThe German Empire consisted of 26 constituent territorie", "answer_start": 803}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1871", "answer_span": "\nIt was founded in 1871", "answer_start": 168}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1871", "answer_span": "\nIt was founded in 1871", "answer_start": 168}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Wilhelm I", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1871 when Wilhelm I", "answer_start": 169}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wilhelm I", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1871 when Wilhelm I", "answer_start": 169}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many Kingdoms were there?", "answers": [{"text": "four kingdoms", "answer_span": " This included four kingdoms", "answer_start": 903}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four kingdoms", "answer_span": " This included four kingdoms", "answer_start": 903}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were most territories ruled by the people?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " with most being ruled by royal families", "answer_start": 862}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " with most being ruled by royal families", "answer_start": 862}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who were they ruled by?", "answers": [{"text": "the royal families", "answer_span": "with most being ruled by royal families", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the royal families", "answer_span": "with most being ruled by royal families", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many imperial territories were there?", "answers": [{"text": "One", "answer_span": " one imperial territory", "answer_start": 1038}], "orig_answer": {"text": "One", "answer_span": " one imperial territory", "answer_start": 1038}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it's capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": " Berlin became its capital ", "answer_start": 339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": " Berlin became its capital ", "answer_start": 339}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the German Empire exist?", "answers": [{"text": "1871-1918", "answer_span": "German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871 until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918. ", "answer_start": 43}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1871-1918", "answer_span": "German nation state that existed from the Unification of Germany in 1871 until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918. ", "answer_start": 43}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 1918?", "answers": [{"text": "Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated", "answer_span": "until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918. ", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicated", "answer_span": "until the abdication of Kaiser Wilhelm II in 1918. ", "answer_start": 116}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpdnei"}], "section_title": "German Empire", "background": "German Empire", "title": "German Empire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) \u2013 the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. \n\nAfter being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.", "qas": [{"question": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay When did the relay start?", "answers": [{"text": "March 24", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "March 24", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Olympia, Greece", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece ", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Olympia, Greece", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece ", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why is that place special?", "answers": [{"text": "It is the birthplace of the olympic games", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece ", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It is the birthplace of the olympic games", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece ", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year were these Olympics?", "answers": [{"text": "2008", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2008", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the theme?", "answers": [{"text": "\"one world, one dream\".", "answer_span": "with the theme of \"one world, one dream\".", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"one world, one dream\".", "answer_span": "with the theme of \"one world, one dream\".", "answer_start": 116}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it announced?", "answers": [{"text": "April 26, 2007,", "answer_span": "Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007,", "answer_start": 158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "April 26, 2007,", "answer_span": "Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007,", "answer_start": 158}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Beijing", "answer_span": "Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China.", "answer_start": 158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Beijing", "answer_span": "Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China.", "answer_start": 158}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long was it?", "answers": [{"text": "129 days", "answer_span": "The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 231}], "orig_answer": {"text": "129 days", "answer_span": "The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 231}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what length?", "answers": [{"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 231}], "orig_answer": {"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 231}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many continents did it cross?", "answers": [{"text": "six", "answer_span": " From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents.", "answer_start": 668}], "orig_answer": {"text": "six", "answer_span": " From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents.", "answer_start": 668}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was there anywhere else in Greece it went?", "answers": [{"text": "Panathinaiko Stadium", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens,", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Panathinaiko Stadium", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens,", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what city?", "answers": [{"text": "Athens", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens,", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Athens", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens,", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What previously linked the host country to the world?", "answers": [{"text": "the silk road", "answer_span": "The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world.", "answer_start": 747}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the silk road", "answer_span": "The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world.", "answer_start": 747}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What mountain was involved?", "answers": [{"text": "Mount Everest", "answer_span": "The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest", "answer_start": 864}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mount Everest", "answer_span": "The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest", "answer_start": 864}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it?", "answers": [{"text": "the border of Nepal and Tibet", "answer_span": "The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side", "answer_start": 864}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the border of Nepal and Tibet", "answer_span": "The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side", "answer_start": 864}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the first relay?", "answers": [{"text": "1936", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 364}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1936", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 364}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was the 2008 relay short?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started", "answer_start": 363}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started", "answer_start": 363}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it set a record?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 363}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 363}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it end?", "answers": [{"text": "March 31st", "answer_span": "the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "March 31st", "answer_span": "the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was it on March 31?", "answers": [{"text": "Beijing", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31.", "answer_start": 567}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Beijing", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31.", "answer_start": 567}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mf2d46m"}], "section_title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "background": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "To unambiguously specify the date, dual dating or Old Style (O.S.) and New Style (N.S.) are sometimes used with dates. Dual dating uses two consecutive years because of differences in the starting date of the year, or includes both the Julian and Gregorian dates. Old Style and New Style (N.S.) indicate either whether the start of the Julian year has been adjusted to start on 1 January (N.S.) even though documents written at the time use a different start of year (O.S.), or whether a date conforms to the Julian calendar (O.S.) rather than the Gregorian (N.S.). \n\nThe Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582 by Pope Gregory XIII, after whom the calendar was named, by papal bull Inter gravissimas dated 24 February 1582. The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter to the time of year in which it was celebrated when it was introduced by the early Church. Although a recommendation of the First Council of Nicaea in 325 specified that all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day, it took almost five centuries before virtually all Christians achieved that objective by adopting the rules of the Church of Alexandria (see Easter for the issues which arose).", "qas": [{"question": "Gregorian calendar Which calendar is the Gregorian based on?", "answers": [{"text": "a reform of the Julian calenda", "answer_span": "a reform of the Julian calenda", "answer_start": 595}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a reform of the Julian calenda", "answer_span": "a reform of the Julian calenda", "answer_start": 595}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who decided to do it?", "answers": [{"text": "the pope", "answer_span": "Pope Gregory XII", "answer_start": 649}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the pope", "answer_span": "Pope Gregory XII", "answer_start": 649}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Pope Francis?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Pope Gregory XIII,", "answer_start": 649}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Pope Gregory XIII,", "answer_start": 649}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which?", "answers": [{"text": "ope Gregory XIII", "answer_span": "ope Gregory XIII", "answer_start": 650}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ope Gregory XIII", "answer_span": "ope Gregory XIII", "answer_start": 650}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did this happen in the sixteenth century?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Gregorian calendar was a reform of the Julian calendar instituted in 1582", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the exact date it was first introduced?", "answers": [{"text": "24 February 1582", "answer_span": "24 February 1582", "answer_start": 741}], "orig_answer": {"text": "24 February 1582", "answer_span": "24 February 1582", "answer_start": 741}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it made because of Christmas?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter ", "answer_start": 759}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The motivation for the adjustment was to bring the date for the celebration of Easter ", "answer_start": 759}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What celebration was at the root of this new calendar?", "answers": [{"text": "bring the date for the celebration of Easter t", "answer_span": " bring the date for the celebration of Easter t", "answer_start": 799}], "orig_answer": {"text": "bring the date for the celebration of Easter t", "answer_span": " bring the date for the celebration of Easter t", "answer_start": 799}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was their goal regarding Easter?", "answers": [{"text": "all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day,", "answer_span": "all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day,", "answer_start": 1015}], "orig_answer": {"text": "all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day,", "answer_span": "all Christians should celebrate Easter on the same day,", "answer_start": 1015}, "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3tdxmtx3cbu3qs5x4zz64vf5kke6i3"}], "section_title": "Gregorian calendar", "background": "Gregorian calendar", "title": "Gregorian calendar"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de M\u00e9xico audio (help\u00b7info) American Spanish: [sju\u02c8\u00f0a(\u00f0) \u00f0e \u02c8m\u00e9xiko]; abbreviated as \"CDMX\"), is the capital of Mexico. As an \"alpha\" global city, Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas. It is located in the Valley of Mexico (Valle de M\u00e9xico), a large valley in the high plateaus at the center of Mexico, at an altitude of 2,240 metres (7,350 ft). The city consists of sixteen municipalities (previously called boroughs). \n\nThe Greater Mexico City has a gross domestic product (GDP) of US$411 billion in 2011, making Mexico City urban agglomeration one of the economically largest metropolitan areas in the world. The city was responsible for generating 15.8% of Mexico's Gross Domestic Product and the metropolitan area accounted for about 22% of total national GDP. As a stand-alone country, in 2013, Mexico City would be the fifth-largest economy in Latin America\u2014five times as large as Costa Rica's and about the same size as Peru's.", "qas": [{"question": "Mexico City What is the capital city of Mexico?", "answers": [{"text": "Mexico City", "answer_span": "Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de M\u00e9xico audio (help\u00b7info) American Spanish: [sju\u02c8\u00f0a(\u00f0) \u00f0e \u02c8m\u00e9xiko]; abbreviated as \"CDMX\"), is the capital of Mexico", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mexico City", "answer_span": "Mexico City, or the City of Mexico (Spanish: Ciudad de M\u00e9xico audio (help\u00b7info) American Spanish: [sju\u02c8\u00f0a(\u00f0) \u00f0e \u02c8m\u00e9xiko]; abbreviated as \"CDMX\"), is the capital of Mexico", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "39k0fnd3ahfq9d7rfreacto8xbyaml_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And where it's located?", "answers": [{"text": "the Americas", "answer_span": "Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas", "answer_start": 199}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Americas", "answer_span": "Mexico City is one of the most important financial centers in the Americas", "answer_start": 199}, "id": "39k0fnd3ahfq9d7rfreacto8xbyaml_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "39k0fnd3ahfq9d7rfreacto8xbyaml"}], "section_title": "Mexico City", "background": "Mexico City", "title": "Mexico City"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, and has become a classic of modern American literature. The plot and characters are loosely based on the author's observations of her family and neighbors, as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. \n\nAs a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. The book is widely taught in schools in the United States with lessons that emphasize tolerance and decry prejudice. Despite its themes, To Kill a Mockingbird has been subject to campaigns for removal from public classrooms, often challenged for its use of racial epithets.", "qas": [{"question": "To Kill a Mockingbird Who wrote To Kill a Mockingbird?", "answers": [{"text": "Harper Lee", "answer_span": "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Harper Lee", "answer_span": "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it published?", "answers": [{"text": "1960", "answer_span": "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. I", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1960", "answer_span": "To Kill a Mockingbird is a novel by Harper Lee published in 1960. I", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it a hit at first?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It was immediately successful", "answer_start": 66}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It was immediately successful", "answer_start": 66}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What prize did it win?", "answers": [{"text": "Pulitzer Prize", "answer_span": " It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, an", "answer_start": 65}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pulitzer Prize", "answer_span": " It was immediately successful, winning the Pulitzer Prize, an", "answer_start": 65}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What nationality was the author?", "answers": [{"text": "American", "answer_span": "has become a classic of modern American literature. T", "answer_start": 129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "American", "answer_span": "has become a classic of modern American literature. T", "answer_start": 129}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did she make up the characters from scratch?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The plot and characters are loosely based on the author's observations of her family and neighbors, a", "answer_start": 181}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The plot and characters are loosely based on the author's observations of her family and neighbors, a", "answer_start": 181}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it based on an event?", "answers": [{"text": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, yes", "answer_span": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. ", "answer_start": 281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, yes", "answer_span": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. ", "answer_start": 281}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "near her hometown", "answer_span": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. ", "answer_start": 281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "near her hometown", "answer_span": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. ", "answer_start": 281}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year?", "answers": [{"text": "1936", "answer_span": " as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old.", "answer_start": 280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1936", "answer_span": " as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old.", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How old was she then?", "answers": [{"text": "10", "answer_span": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. ", "answer_start": 281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10", "answer_span": "as well as on an event that occurred near her hometown in 1936, when she was 10 years old. ", "answer_start": 281}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of story is it?", "answers": [{"text": "Southern Gothic novel", "answer_span": "As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, ", "answer_start": 374}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southern Gothic novel", "answer_span": "As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, ", "answer_start": 374}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many main themes are there?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": "As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. ", "answer_start": 374}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": "As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman, the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. ", "answer_start": 374}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was one?", "answers": [{"text": "racial injustice", "answer_span": "the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. ", "answer_start": 422}], "orig_answer": {"text": "racial injustice", "answer_span": "the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence. ", "answer_start": 422}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the other?", "answers": [{"text": "the destruction of innocence", "answer_span": "the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence.", "answer_start": 422}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the destruction of innocence", "answer_span": "the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence.", "answer_start": 422}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are gender roles addressed?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. ", "answer_start": 550}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South. ", "answer_start": 550}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it taught in schools?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The book is widely taught in schools in the United States", "answer_start": 651}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The book is widely taught in schools in the United States", "answer_start": 651}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it contain racial names?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "often challenged for its use of racial epithets.", "answer_start": 877}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "often challenged for its use of racial epithets.", "answer_start": 877}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are three other issues the book has?", "answers": [{"text": "class, courage, and compassion", "answer_span": "Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion", "answer_start": 525}], "orig_answer": {"text": "class, courage, and compassion", "answer_span": "Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion", "answer_start": 525}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where in the US does the book take place?", "answers": [{"text": "Deep South", "answer_span": "Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South.", "answer_start": 550}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Deep South", "answer_span": "Lee also addresses issues of class, courage, compassion, and gender roles in the American Deep South.", "answer_start": 550}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbv6zmgx"}], "section_title": "To Kill a Mockingbird", "background": "To Kill a Mockingbird", "title": "To Kill a Mockingbird"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A newspaper's circulation is the number of copies it distributes on an average day. Circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some newspapers are distributed without cost to the reader. Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy of the newspaper is read by more than one person. \n\nIn many countries, circulations are audited by independent bodies such as the Audit Bureau of Circulations to assure advertisers that a given newspaper does indeed reach the number of people claimed by the publisher. There are international open access directories such as \"Mondo Times\", but these generally rely on numbers reported by newspapers themselves. \n\nIn many developed countries, newspaper circulation is falling due to social and technological changes such as the availability of news on the internet. On the other hand, in some developing countries circulation is increasing as these factors are more than cancelled out by rising incomes, population, and literacy. \n\nThe World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers (WAN-IFRA) publishes a list of newspapers with the largest circulation. In 2011, India led the world in terms of newspaper circulation with nearly 330 million newspapers circulated daily. In 2005, China topped the list in term of total newspaper circulation with 93.5 million a day, India came second with 78.8 million, followed by Japan, with 70.4 million; the United States, with 48.3 million; and Germany, with 22.1 million. Around 75 of the 100 best selling newspapers are in Asia and seven out of top ten are Japanese newspapers.", "qas": [{"question": "Newspaper circulation What does WAN-IFRA stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers", "answer_span": "World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers", "answer_start": 1151}], "orig_answer": {"text": "World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers", "answer_span": "World Association of Newspapers and News Publishers", "answer_start": 1151}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they publish newspapers?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "publishes a list of newspapers ", "answer_start": 1214}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "publishes a list of newspapers ", "answer_start": 1214}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they publish?", "answers": [{"text": "a list of newspapers", "answer_span": "a list of newspapers", "answer_start": 1224}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a list of newspapers", "answer_span": "a list of newspapers", "answer_start": 1224}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who published the most in 2005", "answers": [{"text": "China", "answer_span": "China", "answer_start": 1400}], "orig_answer": {"text": "China", "answer_span": "China", "answer_start": 1400}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year did India lead?", "answers": [{"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011", "answer_start": 1278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011", "answer_start": 1278}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they circulate more or less than 400 million?", "answers": [{"text": "Less.", "answer_span": "330 million", "answer_start": 1350}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Less.", "answer_span": "330 million", "answer_start": 1350}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where are most of the most successful newspapers sold?", "answers": [{"text": "Asia", "answer_span": "Asia", "answer_start": 1683}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Asia", "answer_span": "Asia", "answer_start": 1683}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are circulations ever audited?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "circulations are audited ", "answer_start": 487}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "circulations are audited ", "answer_start": 487}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who does the auditing?", "answers": [{"text": "independent bodies", "answer_span": "independent bodies", "answer_start": 515}], "orig_answer": {"text": "independent bodies", "answer_span": "independent bodies", "answer_start": 515}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's an example of one?", "answers": [{"text": "Audit Bureau of Circulations", "answer_span": "Audit Bureau of Circulations", "answer_start": 546}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Audit Bureau of Circulations", "answer_span": "Audit Bureau of Circulations", "answer_start": 546}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does circulation always mean copies sold?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Circulation is not always the same as copies sold,", "answer_start": 159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Circulation is not always the same as copies sold,", "answer_start": 159}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the definition of circulation?", "answers": [{"text": "number of copies distributed on an average day", "answer_span": "number of copies it distributes on an average day", "answer_start": 33}], "orig_answer": {"text": "number of copies distributed on an average day", "answer_span": "number of copies it distributes on an average day", "answer_start": 33}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it play a role in the cost of advertising?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates.", "answer_start": 84}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Circulation is one of the principal factors used to set advertising rates.", "answer_start": 84}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are readership and circulation numbers usually the same?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy of the newspaper is read by more than one person. ", "answer_start": 307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy of the newspaper is read by more than one person. ", "answer_start": 307}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are newspaper circulation rates dropping anywhere?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "In many developed countries, newspaper circulation is falling due to social and technological changes such as the availability of news on the internet.", "answer_start": 829}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "In many developed countries, newspaper circulation is falling due to social and technological changes such as the availability of news on the internet.", "answer_start": 829}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where?", "answers": [{"text": "many developed countries", "answer_span": "many developed countries", "answer_start": 832}], "orig_answer": {"text": "many developed countries", "answer_span": "many developed countries", "answer_start": 832}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they increasing anywhere?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "in some developing countries circulation is increasing as these factors are more than cancelled out by rising incomes, population, and literacy. \n", "answer_start": 1000}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "in some developing countries circulation is increasing as these factors are more than cancelled out by rising incomes, population, and literacy. \n", "answer_start": 1000}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in what countries?", "answers": [{"text": "developing countries", "answer_span": "developing countries", "answer_start": 1008}], "orig_answer": {"text": "developing countries", "answer_span": "developing countries", "answer_start": 1008}, "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ekvh9qmey4y0g6apjmsnligck52d1"}], "section_title": "Newspaper circulation", "background": "Newspaper circulation", "title": "Newspaper circulation"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply. Electrification has many advantages but requires significant capital expenditure. Selection of an electrification system is based on economics of energy supply, maintenance, and capital cost compared to the revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic. Different systems are used for urban and intercity areas; some electric locomotives can switch to different supply voltages to allow flexibility in operation. \n\nElectric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units, passenger cars with their own motors. Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations, transmitted to the railway network and distributed to the trains. Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines but most purchase power from an electric utility. The railway usually provides its own distribution lines, switches and transformers.", "qas": [{"question": "Railway electrification system What supplies electric power to railway trains and trams?", "answers": [{"text": "A railway electrification system", "answer_span": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A railway electrification system", "answer_span": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it not have?", "answers": [{"text": "An on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.", "answer_span": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "An on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.", "answer_span": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams without an on-board prime mover or local fuel supply.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What carries passengers?", "answers": [{"text": "Electric locomotives", "answer_span": "Electric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units", "answer_start": 559}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Electric locomotives", "answer_span": "Electric railways use electric locomotives to haul passengers or freight in separate cars or electric multiple units", "answer_start": 559}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they share motors?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " passenger cars with their own motors.", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " passenger cars with their own motors.", "answer_start": 676}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is the power generated from?", "answers": [{"text": "Generating stations", "answer_span": "Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations", "answer_start": 715}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Generating stations", "answer_span": "Electricity is typically generated in large and relatively efficient generating stations", "answer_start": 715}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do some stations have their own?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations", "answer_start": 870}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Some electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations", "answer_start": 870}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do most do though?", "answers": [{"text": "Purchase power from an electric utility.", "answer_span": "me electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines but most purchase power from an electric utility.", "answer_start": 873}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Purchase power from an electric utility.", "answer_span": "me electric railways have their own dedicated generating stations and transmission lines but most purchase power from an electric utility.", "answer_start": 873}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is capital amount compared to?", "answers": [{"text": "The revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic", "answer_span": "compared to the revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic", "answer_start": 330}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic", "answer_span": "compared to the revenue obtained for freight and passenger traffic", "answer_start": 330}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do urban and intercity use the same systems?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Different systems are used for urban and intercity", "answer_start": 398}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Different systems are used for urban and intercity", "answer_start": 398}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What allows flexibility in operations?", "answers": [{"text": "The ability to switch to different supply voltage", "answer_span": "some electric locomotives can switch to different supply voltages to allow flexibility in operation", "answer_start": 456}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The ability to switch to different supply voltage", "answer_span": "some electric locomotives can switch to different supply voltages to allow flexibility in operation", "answer_start": 456}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the railway provide?", "answers": [{"text": "Electric power to railway trains and trams", "answer_span": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Electric power to railway trains and trams", "answer_span": "A railway electrification system supplies electric power to railway trains and trams", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3tmfv4nep8e8v18qmv0jp0k45pq8wk"}], "section_title": "Railway electrification system", "background": "Railway electrification system", "title": "Railway electrification system"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A Christian ( pronunciation (help\u00b7info)) is a person who adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ. \"Christian\" derives from the Koine Greek word Christ\u00f3s (\u03a7\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03cc\u03c2), a translation of the Biblical Hebrew term mashiach. \n\nThere are diverse interpretations of Christianity which sometimes conflict. However, \"Whatever else they might disagree about, Christians are at least united in believing that Jesus has a unique significance.\" The term \"Christian\" is also used adjectivally to describe anything associated with Christianity, or in a proverbial sense \"all that is noble, and good, and Christ-like.\" It is also used as a label to identify people who associate with the cultural aspects of Christianity, irrespective of personal religious beliefs or practices. \n\nAccording to a 2011 Pew Research Center survey, there were 2.2 billion Christians around the world in 2010, up from about 600 million in 1910. By 2050, the Christian population is expected to exceed 3 billion. According to a 2012 Pew Research Center survey Christianity will remain the world's largest religion in 2050, if current trends continue.", "qas": [{"question": "Christian How many Christians are in the world as of 2010?", "answers": [{"text": "2.2 billion", "answer_span": "2.2 billion", "answer_start": 889}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2.2 billion", "answer_span": "2.2 billion", "answer_start": 889}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do interpretations of this religion conflict?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "sometimes conflict.", "answer_start": 343}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "sometimes conflict.", "answer_start": 343}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many were there in 1910?", "answers": [{"text": "600 million", "answer_span": "600 million", "answer_start": 952}], "orig_answer": {"text": "600 million", "answer_span": "600 million", "answer_start": 952}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is this the largest religion?", "answers": [{"text": "largest religion in 2050", "answer_span": "largest religion in 2050", "answer_start": 1124}], "orig_answer": {"text": "largest religion in 2050", "answer_span": "largest religion in 2050", "answer_start": 1124}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "It is based on the teaching and life of whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Jesus Christ", "answer_span": "Jesus Christ", "answer_start": 153}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jesus Christ", "answer_span": "Jesus Christ", "answer_start": 153}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What word is it derived from?", "answers": [{"text": "Christ\u00f3s", "answer_span": "Christ\u00f3s", "answer_start": 213}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Christ\u00f3s", "answer_span": "Christ\u00f3s", "answer_start": 213}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many will there be by 2050?", "answers": [{"text": "exceed 3 billion", "answer_span": "exceed 3 billion", "answer_start": 1022}], "orig_answer": {"text": "exceed 3 billion", "answer_span": "exceed 3 billion", "answer_start": 1022}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did a survey that found it will be the largest religion in 1050?", "answers": [{"text": "Pew Research Center", "answer_span": "Pew Research Center", "answer_start": 1060}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pew Research Center", "answer_span": "Pew Research Center", "answer_start": 1060}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which culture is the word derived from?", "answers": [{"text": "Koine Greek", "answer_span": "Koine Greek", "answer_start": 196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Koine Greek", "answer_span": "Koine Greek", "answer_start": 196}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Christianity a monothiest religion?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "monotheistic", "answer_start": 96}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "monotheistic", "answer_start": 96}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can the word be used as an adjective?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "adjectivally", "answer_start": 531}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "adjectivally", "answer_start": 531}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are all Christians united to believe?", "answers": [{"text": "Jesus is unique", "answer_span": "Jesus has a unique significance", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jesus is unique", "answer_span": "Jesus has a unique significance", "answer_start": 463}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3las73in"}], "section_title": "Christian", "background": "Christian", "title": "Christian"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Greenland is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Though physiographically a part of the continent of North America, Greenland has been politically and culturally associated with Europe (specifically Norway and Denmark, the colonial powers, as well as the nearby island of Iceland) for more than a millennium. The majority of its residents are Inuit, whose ancestors began migrating from the Canadian mainland in the 13th century, gradually settling across the island. \n\nGreenland is the world's largest island (Australia, although larger, is generally considered to be a continental landmass rather than an island). Three-quarters of Greenland is covered by the only permanent ice sheet outside Antarctica. With a population of about 56,480 (2013), it is the least densely populated country in the world. The Arctic Umiaq Line ferry acts as a lifeline for western Greenland, connecting the various cities and settlements. \n\nGreenland has been inhabited off and on for at least the last 4,500 years by Arctic peoples whose forebears migrated there from what is now Canada. Norsemen settled the uninhabited southern part of Greenland beginning in the 10th century, and Inuit peoples arrived in the 13th century. The Norse colonies disappeared in the late 15th\u00a0century. Soon after their demise, beginning in 1499, the Portuguese briefly explored and claimed the island, naming it \"Terra do Lavrador\" (later applied to Labrador in Canada). In the early 18th century, Scandinavian explorers reached Greenland again. To strengthen trading and power, Denmark-Norway affirmed sovereignty over the island.", "qas": [{"question": "Greenland What's the world's largest island?", "answers": [{"text": "Greenland", "answer_span": "Greenland ", "answer_start": 579}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greenland", "answer_span": "Greenland ", "answer_start": 579}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "It's located within the Kingdom of what?", "answers": [{"text": "Denmark", "answer_span": "Denmark ", "answer_start": 69}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Denmark", "answer_span": "Denmark ", "answer_start": 69}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which two oceans does it sit in the middle of?", "answers": [{"text": "the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans", "answer_span": "the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans", "answer_start": 85}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans", "answer_span": "the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans", "answer_start": 85}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which continent is literally, physically a part of?", "answers": [{"text": "North America", "answer_span": "North America", "answer_start": 210}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North America", "answer_span": "North America", "answer_start": 210}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What covers most of Antarctica?", "answers": [{"text": "ice", "answer_span": "ice ", "answer_start": 786}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ice", "answer_span": "ice ", "answer_start": 786}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And Greenland?", "answers": [{"text": "also ice", "answer_span": "ice ", "answer_start": 786}], "orig_answer": {"text": "also ice", "answer_span": "ice ", "answer_start": 786}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the population of Greenland?", "answers": [{"text": "about 56,480", "answer_span": "about 56,480", "answer_start": 837}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 56,480", "answer_span": "about 56,480", "answer_start": 837}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it rank in the world for population?", "answers": [{"text": "it is the least densely populated", "answer_span": " it is the least densely populated", "answer_start": 857}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it is the least densely populated", "answer_span": " it is the least densely populated", "answer_start": 857}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For how long has it been lived on?", "answers": [{"text": "4,500 years", "answer_span": "4,500 years", "answer_start": 1095}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4,500 years", "answer_span": "4,500 years", "answer_start": 1095}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did the people mostly come from?", "answers": [{"text": "what is now Canada", "answer_span": "what is now Canada", "answer_start": 1161}], "orig_answer": {"text": "what is now Canada", "answer_span": "what is now Canada", "answer_start": 1161}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What people moved into the southern part?", "answers": [{"text": "Norsemen", "answer_span": "Norsemen ", "answer_start": 1181}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Norsemen", "answer_span": "Norsemen ", "answer_start": 1181}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "the 10th century", "answer_span": "the 10th century", "answer_start": 1254}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 10th century", "answer_span": "the 10th century", "answer_start": 1254}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who arrived there next?", "answers": [{"text": "Inuit peoples", "answer_span": " Inuit peoples ", "answer_start": 1275}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Inuit peoples", "answer_span": " Inuit peoples ", "answer_start": 1275}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened to the Norse people?", "answers": [{"text": "they disappeared", "answer_span": "disappeared", "answer_start": 1338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "they disappeared", "answer_span": "disappeared", "answer_start": 1338}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "in the late 15th\u00a0century", "answer_span": "in the late 15th\u00a0century", "answer_start": 1350}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the late 15th\u00a0century", "answer_span": "in the late 15th\u00a0century", "answer_start": 1350}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who arrived next?", "answers": [{"text": "the Portuguese", "answer_span": "the Portuguese", "answer_start": 1420}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Portuguese", "answer_span": "the Portuguese", "answer_start": 1420}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they call the place?", "answers": [{"text": "Terra do Lavrador", "answer_span": "Terra do Lavrador", "answer_start": 1487}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Terra do Lavrador", "answer_span": "Terra do Lavrador", "answer_start": 1487}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who arrived next?", "answers": [{"text": "Scandinavian explorers", "answer_span": "Scandinavian explorers", "answer_start": 1572}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Scandinavian explorers", "answer_span": "Scandinavian explorers", "answer_start": 1572}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it west of the Archipelago?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "east ", "answer_start": 117}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "east ", "answer_start": 117}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was it mostly culturally tied to?", "answers": [{"text": "Europe", "answer_span": "Europe ", "answer_start": 287}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Europe", "answer_span": "Europe ", "answer_start": 287}, "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "35usikebnrgv4tgo1fcy93bm6r5n6d"}], "section_title": "Greenland", "background": "Greenland", "title": "Greenland"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands. The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals for the international crimes of genocide, crimes against humanity, and war crimes. The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security Council or individual states refer situations to the Court. The ICC began functioning on 1 July 2002, the date that the Rome Statute entered into force. The Rome Statute is a multilateral treaty which serves as the ICC's foundational and governing document. States which become party to the Rome Statute, for example by ratifying it, become member states of the ICC. Currently, there are 124 states which are party to the Rome Statute and therefore members of the ICC. However, Burundi has given formal notice that it will withdraw from the Rome Statute. \n\nThe ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry. The President is the most senior judge chosen by his or her peers in the Judicial Division, which hears cases before the Court. The Office of the Prosecutor is headed by the Prosecutor who investigates crimes and initiates proceedings before the Judicial Division. The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC, including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.", "qas": [{"question": "International Criminal Court Is this a local group?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "The International Criminal Court", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The International Criminal Court", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have an acronym?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt)", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which is?", "answers": [{"text": "ICCt", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ICCt", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many main parts does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "Four", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you name one?", "answers": [{"text": "the Presidency", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Presidency", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that the most or least important part?", "answers": [{"text": "most", "answer_span": "The President is the most senior judge ", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "most", "answer_span": "The President is the most senior judge ", "answer_start": 1237}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name another?", "answers": [{"text": "the Judicial Division", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Division", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Judicial Division", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Division", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they do?", "answers": [{"text": "hears cases before the Court", "answer_span": "Judicial Division, which hears cases before the Court.", "answer_start": 1310}], "orig_answer": {"text": "hears cases before the Court", "answer_span": "Judicial Division, which hears cases before the Court.", "answer_start": 1310}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the third?", "answers": [{"text": "the Office of the Prosecutor", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Office of the Prosecutor", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who leads that?", "answers": [{"text": "the Prosecutor", "answer_span": "The Office of the Prosecutor is headed by the Prosecutor", "answer_start": 1365}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Prosecutor", "answer_span": "The Office of the Prosecutor is headed by the Prosecutor", "answer_start": 1365}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the last one?", "answers": [{"text": "the Registry", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Registry", "answer_span": "The ICC has four principal organs: the Presidency, the Judicial Divisions, the Office of the Prosecutor, and the Registry.", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they manage?", "answers": [{"text": "all the administrative functions", "answer_span": "The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC", "answer_start": 1502}], "orig_answer": {"text": "all the administrative functions", "answer_span": "The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC", "answer_start": 1502}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Such as?", "answers": [{"text": "including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.", "answer_span": "The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC, including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.", "answer_start": 1502}], "orig_answer": {"text": "including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.", "answer_span": "The Registry is headed by the Registrar and is charged with managing all the administrative functions of the ICC, including the headquarters, detention unit, and public defense office.", "answer_start": 1502}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it located?", "answers": [{"text": "Netherlands", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Netherlands", "answer_span": "The International Criminal Court (ICC or ICCt) is an intergovernmental organization and international tribunal that sits in The Hague in the Netherlands.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who do they have authority over?", "answers": [{"text": "individuals", "answer_span": "The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals", "answer_start": 154}], "orig_answer": {"text": "individuals", "answer_span": "The ICC has the jurisdiction to prosecute individuals", "answer_start": 154}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What types?", "answers": [{"text": "criminals", "answer_span": "The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals", "answer_start": 291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "criminals", "answer_span": "The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals", "answer_start": 291}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can the ICC forcefully take cases from other places?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security Council or individual states refer situations to the Court.", "answer_start": 291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The ICC is intended to complement existing national judicial systems and it may therefore only exercise its jurisdiction when certain conditions are met, such as when national courts are unwilling or unable to prosecute criminals or when the United Nations Security Council or individual states refer situations to the Court.", "answer_start": 291}, "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "35gcefq6i5oqoz7pl1puxn6b6gmz3f"}], "section_title": "International Criminal Court", "background": "International Criminal Court", "title": "International Criminal Court"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Wikibooks (previously called \"Wikimedia Free Textbook Project\" and \"Wikimedia-Textbooks\") is a wiki-based Wikimedia project hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit. \n\nIn June 2016, Compete.com estimated that Wikibooks had 1,478,812 unique visitors. \n\nThe wikibooks.org domain was registered on . It was launched to host and build free textbooks on subjects such as organic chemistry and physics. There are two major sub-projects, Wikijunior and Wikiversity, were created within Wikibooks before its official policy was later changed so that future incubator type projects are started according to the Wikimedia Foundation's new project policy. \n\nIn August 2006, Wikiversity became an independent Wikimedia Foundation project. \n\nSince 2008, Wikibooks is included in BASE \n\nWikijunior is a subproject of Wikibooks that specializes in books for children. The project consists of both a magazine and a website, and is currently being developed in English, Danish, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Spanish and Arabic. It is funded by a grant from the Beck Foundation. \n\nWhile some books are original, others began as text copied over from other sources of free content textbooks found on the Internet. All of the site's content is released under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike license (or a compatible license). This means that, as with its sister project, Wikipedia, contributions remain copyrighted to their creators, while the licensing ensures that it can be freely distributed and reused subject to certain conditions.", "qas": [{"question": "Wikibooks What is wikibooks?", "answers": [{"text": "a wiki-based Wikimedia project", "answer_span": "Wikibooks (previously called \"Wikimedia Free Textbook Project\" and \"Wikimedia-Textbooks\") is a wiki-based Wikimedia project ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a wiki-based Wikimedia project", "answer_span": "Wikibooks (previously called \"Wikimedia Free Textbook Project\" and \"Wikimedia-Textbooks\") is a wiki-based Wikimedia project ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Hosted by who?", "answers": [{"text": "Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_span": "hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_start": 124}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_span": "hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_start": 124}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they create?", "answers": [{"text": "free content textbooks", "answer_span": "for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit.", "answer_start": 159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "free content textbooks", "answer_span": "for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit.", "answer_start": 159}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "annotated texts", "answer_span": "for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit.", "answer_start": 159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "annotated texts", "answer_span": "for the creation of free content textbooks and annotated texts that anyone can edit.", "answer_start": 159}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they have a sub genre for kids?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "There are two major sub-projects, Wikijunior and Wikiversity", "answer_start": 475}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "There are two major sub-projects, Wikijunior and Wikiversity", "answer_start": 475}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Wikijunior", "answer_span": "Wikijunior is a subproject of Wikibooks that specializes in books for children", "answer_start": 851}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wikijunior", "answer_span": "Wikijunior is a subproject of Wikibooks that specializes in books for children", "answer_start": 851}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one thing that consists of?", "answers": [{"text": "a magazine", "answer_span": " The project consists of both a magazine and a website,", "answer_start": 930}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a magazine", "answer_span": " The project consists of both a magazine and a website,", "answer_start": 930}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the other?", "answers": [{"text": "a website", "answer_span": "The project consists of both a magazine and a website", "answer_start": 931}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a website", "answer_span": "The project consists of both a magazine and a website", "answer_start": 931}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it only available in English?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "and is currently being developed in English, Danish, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Spanish and Arabic", "answer_start": 986}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "and is currently being developed in English, Danish, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Japanese, Spanish and Arabic", "answer_start": 986}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are a few other languages it is available in?", "answers": [{"text": "English, Danish, Finnish", "answer_span": " and is currently being developed in English, Danish, Finnish", "answer_start": 985}], "orig_answer": {"text": "English, Danish, Finnish", "answer_span": " and is currently being developed in English, Danish, Finnish", "answer_start": 985}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is it paid for?", "answers": [{"text": "by a grant", "answer_span": " It is funded by a grant from the Beck Foundation. \n", "answer_start": 1102}], "orig_answer": {"text": "by a grant", "answer_span": " It is funded by a grant from the Beck Foundation. \n", "answer_start": 1102}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From who?", "answers": [{"text": "the Beck Foundation.", "answer_span": "It is funded by a grant from the Beck Foundation. \n", "answer_start": 1103}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Beck Foundation.", "answer_span": "It is funded by a grant from the Beck Foundation. \n", "answer_start": 1103}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Other than Wikijunior was is the other sub genre they offer?", "answers": [{"text": "Wikiversity", "answer_span": "There are two major sub-projects, Wikijunior and Wikiversity,", "answer_start": 475}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wikiversity", "answer_span": "There are two major sub-projects, Wikijunior and Wikiversity,", "answer_start": 475}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in Summer 2006?", "answers": [{"text": "Wikiversity became an independent Wikimedia Foundation project.", "answer_span": "In August 2006, Wikiversity became an independent Wikimedia Foundation project.", "answer_start": 725}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wikiversity became an independent Wikimedia Foundation project.", "answer_span": "In August 2006, Wikiversity became an independent Wikimedia Foundation project.", "answer_start": 725}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are all the books copied?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "While some books are original,", "answer_start": 1155}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "While some books are original,", "answer_start": 1155}, "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3e4gguz1t8r6emckh08fryd6wt22ke"}], "section_title": "Wikibooks", "background": "Wikibooks", "title": "Wikibooks"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol \u20a5), cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2), dime or one-tenth of a dollar, and eagle or ten dollars, with prescribed weights and composition of gold, silver, or copper for each. It was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union, but no union coins were ever struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist. However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar; \"dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2, while \"eagle\" and \"mill\" are largely unknown to the general public, though mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies, and gasoline prices are usually in the form of $X.XX9 per gallon, e.g., $3.599, sometimes written as $3.599\u204410. When currently issued in circulating form, denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U.S. coins while denominations equal to or greater than a dollar are emitted as Federal Reserve notes (with the exception of gold, silver and platinum coins valued up to $100 as legal tender, but worth far more as bullion). Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the note form is significantly more common. In the past, \"paper money\" was occasionally issued in denominations less than a dollar (fractional currency) and gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of $20 (known as the \"double eagle\", discontinued in the 1930s). The term eagle was used in the Coinage Act of 1792 for the denomination of ten dollars, and subsequently was used in naming gold coins. Paper currency less than one dollar in denomination, known as \"fractional currency\", was also sometimes pejoratively referred to as \"shinplasters\". In 1854, James Guthrie, then Secretary of the Treasury, proposed creating $100, $50 and $25 gold coins, which were referred to as a \"Union\", \"Half Union\", and \"Quarter Union\", thus implying a denomination of 1 Union = $100.", "qas": [{"question": "United States dollar Is the US dollar on a decimal system?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. I", "answer_start": 37}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. I", "answer_start": 37}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country's dollar is not?", "answers": [{"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a mill?", "answers": [{"text": "1/1000 of a dollar", "answer_span": "n addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar", "answer_start": 92}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1/1000 of a dollar", "answer_span": "n addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar", "answer_start": 92}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And a cent?", "answers": [{"text": "1/100", "answer_span": "cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2), ", "answer_start": 221}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1/100", "answer_span": "cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2), ", "answer_start": 221}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the dime?", "answers": [{"text": "1/10", "answer_span": "dime or one-tenth of a dollar", "answer_start": 267}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1/10", "answer_span": "dime or one-tenth of a dollar", "answer_start": 267}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the symbol for a mill?", "answers": [{"text": "\u20a5", "answer_span": " mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol \u20a5),", "answer_start": 173}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u20a5", "answer_span": " mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol \u20a5),", "answer_start": 173}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And that for cent?", "answers": [{"text": "\u00a2", "answer_span": "cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2),", "answer_start": 221}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u00a2", "answer_span": "cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2),", "answer_start": 221}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much is an eagle?", "answers": [{"text": "ten dollars", "answer_span": " eagle or ten dollars", "answer_start": 301}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ten dollars", "answer_span": " eagle or ten dollars", "answer_start": 301}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are these coins made of?", "answers": [{"text": "gold, silver, or copper", "answer_span": "gold, silver, or copper", "answer_start": 367}], "orig_answer": {"text": "gold, silver, or copper", "answer_span": "gold, silver, or copper", "answer_start": 367}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was making $100 as a union proposed?", "answers": [{"text": "mid-1800s", "answer_span": " It was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union", "answer_start": 400}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mid-1800s", "answer_span": " It was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union", "answer_start": 400}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were union coins made?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " but no union coins were ever struck ", "answer_start": 479}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " but no union coins were ever struck ", "answer_start": 479}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were there patterns for it?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "d only patterns for the $50 half union exist. ", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "d only patterns for the $50 half union exist. ", "answer_start": 518}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about for the half union?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "only patterns for the $50 half union exist. ", "answer_start": 520}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "only patterns for the $50 half union exist. ", "answer_start": 520}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When are mills used in regular life?", "answers": [{"text": "tax levies", "answer_span": " mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies,", "answer_start": 775}], "orig_answer": {"text": "tax levies", "answer_span": " mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies,", "answer_start": 775}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When else?", "answers": [{"text": "gasoline prices", "answer_span": "and gasoline prices are usually in the form of $X.XX9 per gallon, e.g., $3.599,", "answer_start": 827}], "orig_answer": {"text": "gasoline prices", "answer_span": "and gasoline prices are usually in the form of $X.XX9 per gallon, e.g., $3.599,", "answer_start": 827}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How are values less than a dollar given out?", "answers": [{"text": "coins", "answer_span": "denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U.S. coins ", "answer_start": 982}], "orig_answer": {"text": "coins", "answer_span": "denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U.S. coins ", "answer_start": 982}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there one dollar coins?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today,", "answer_start": 1265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today,", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they common?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "although the note form is significantly more common.", "answer_start": 1318}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "although the note form is significantly more common.", "answer_start": 1318}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was occasionally issued for values under a dollar?", "answers": [{"text": "paper money", "answer_span": ". In the past, \"paper money\" was occasionally issued in denominations less than a dollar", "answer_start": 1369}], "orig_answer": {"text": "paper money", "answer_span": ". In the past, \"paper money\" was occasionally issued in denominations less than a dollar", "answer_start": 1369}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much is a double eagle?", "answers": [{"text": "$20", "answer_span": "gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of $20 (known as the \"double eagle\",", "answer_start": 1484}], "orig_answer": {"text": "$20", "answer_span": "gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of $20 (known as the \"double eagle\",", "answer_start": 1484}, "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3qxnc7eipivf1gqfygdci16bor509d"}], "section_title": "United States dollar", "background": "United States dollar", "title": "United States dollar"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN , ) is a regional intergovernmental organisation comprising ten Southeast Asian states which promotes Pan-Asianism and intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, military, educational and cultural integration amongst its members and Asian states. Since its formation on 8 August 1967 by Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, the organisation's membership has expanded to include Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam. Its principal aims include accelerating economic growth, social progress, and sociocultural evolution among its members, alongside the protection of regional stability and the provision of a mechanism for member countries to resolve differences peacefully. ASEAN is an official United Nations Observer. Communication by members across nations takes place in English. \n\nASEAN covers a land area of 4.4\u00a0million square kilometres, 3% of the total land area of Earth. ASEAN territorial waters cover an area about three times larger than its land counterpart. Member countries have a combined population of approximately 625 million people, 8.8% of the world's population. In 2015, the organisation's combined nominal GDP had grown to more than US$2.8\u00a0trillion. If ASEAN were a single entity, it would rank as the sixth largest economy in the world, behind the USA, China, Japan, France and Germany. ASEAN shares land borders with India, China, Bangladesh, East Timor, and Papua New Guinea, and maritime borders with India, China, Palau, and Australia. Both East Timor and Papua New Guinea are backed by certain ASEAN members for their membership in the organisation.", "qas": [{"question": "Association of Southeast Asian Nations What does ASEAN stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "The Association of Southeast Asian Nations", "answer_span": "The Association of Southeast Asian Nations", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Association of Southeast Asian Nations", "answer_span": "The Association of Southeast Asian Nations", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it?", "answers": [{"text": "a regional intergovernmental organisation", "answer_span": "a regional intergovernmental organisation", "answer_start": 57}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a regional intergovernmental organisation", "answer_span": "a regional intergovernmental organisation", "answer_start": 57}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is in the organization?", "answers": [{"text": "ten Southeast Asian states", "answer_span": " ten Southeast Asian states", "answer_start": 109}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ten Southeast Asian states", "answer_span": " ten Southeast Asian states", "answer_start": 109}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it created?", "answers": [{"text": "1967", "answer_span": "1967", "answer_start": 353}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1967", "answer_span": "1967", "answer_start": 353}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What date?", "answers": [{"text": "on 8 August", "answer_span": "on 8 August", "answer_start": 341}], "orig_answer": {"text": "on 8 August", "answer_span": "on 8 August", "answer_start": 341}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How large of a land area does it cover?", "answers": [{"text": "4.4\u00a0million square kilometres", "answer_span": " 4.4\u00a0million square kilometres", "answer_start": 920}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4.4\u00a0million square kilometres", "answer_span": " 4.4\u00a0million square kilometres", "answer_start": 920}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people live in that area?", "answers": [{"text": "625 million", "answer_span": "625 million", "answer_start": 1140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "625 million", "answer_span": "625 million", "answer_start": 1140}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What percentage of the population is that?", "answers": [{"text": "8.8%", "answer_span": " 8.8%", "answer_start": 1159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "8.8%", "answer_span": " 8.8%", "answer_start": 1159}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What countries created it?", "answers": [{"text": "Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand", "answer_span": "Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand", "answer_start": 361}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand", "answer_span": "Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand", "answer_start": 361}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What countries have been added?", "answers": [{"text": "Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam", "answer_span": "Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam", "answer_start": 478}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam", "answer_span": "Brunei, Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Vietnam", "answer_start": 478}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one of it's main objectives?", "answers": [{"text": "accelerating economic growth", "answer_span": "accelerating economic growth", "answer_start": 551}], "orig_answer": {"text": "accelerating economic growth", "answer_span": "accelerating economic growth", "answer_start": 551}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another?", "answers": [{"text": "social progress", "answer_span": "social progress", "answer_start": 581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "social progress", "answer_span": "social progress", "answer_start": 581}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the last?", "answers": [{"text": "sociocultural evolution", "answer_span": "sociocultural evolution", "answer_start": 602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sociocultural evolution", "answer_span": "sociocultural evolution", "answer_start": 602}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the GDP in 2015?", "answers": [{"text": "US$2.8\u00a0trillion", "answer_span": "US$2.8\u00a0trillion", "answer_start": 1264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "US$2.8\u00a0trillion", "answer_span": "US$2.8\u00a0trillion", "answer_start": 1264}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what", "answers": [{"text": "the organisation's combined nominal GDP", "answer_span": " the organisation's combined nominal GDP", "answer_start": 1200}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the organisation's combined nominal GDP", "answer_span": " the organisation's combined nominal GDP", "answer_start": 1200}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are some of the countries it's land borders?", "answers": [{"text": "India and China", "answer_span": "India, China", "answer_start": 1450}], "orig_answer": {"text": "India and China", "answer_span": "India, China", "answer_start": 1450}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are some countries that it's water borders?", "answers": [{"text": "Palau and Australia", "answer_span": " Palau, and Australia", "answer_start": 1549}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Palau and Australia", "answer_span": " Palau, and Australia", "answer_start": 1549}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What two countries do some members want to join?", "answers": [{"text": "East Timor and Papua New Guinea", "answer_span": "East Timor and Papua New Guinea", "answer_start": 1577}], "orig_answer": {"text": "East Timor and Papua New Guinea", "answer_span": "East Timor and Papua New Guinea", "answer_start": 1577}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it follow United Nations rules?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "is an official United Nations Observer.", "answer_start": 787}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "is an official United Nations Observer.", "answer_start": 787}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What language does the communication happen in?", "answers": [{"text": "English", "answer_span": "English", "answer_start": 882}], "orig_answer": {"text": "English", "answer_span": "English", "answer_start": 882}, "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3j4q2z4uty3e158m8phjbr54z4awqz"}], "section_title": "Association of Southeast Asian Nations", "background": "Association of Southeast Asian Nations", "title": "Association of Southeast Asian Nations"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. Great powers characteristically possess military and economic strength, as well as diplomatic and soft power influence, which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own. International relations theorists have posited that great power status can be characterized into power capabilities, spatial aspects, and status dimensions. Sometimes the status of great powers is formally recognized in conferences such as the Congress of Vienna or an international structure such as the United Nations Security Council (China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United States serve as the body's five permanent members). At the same time the status of great powers can be informally recognized in a forum such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.", "qas": [{"question": "Great power what is typically possessed by them?", "answers": [{"text": "military and economic strength", "answer_span": "military and economic strength", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "military and economic strength", "answer_span": "military and economic strength", "answer_start": 172}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How are they sometimes recognized?", "answers": [{"text": "in conferences", "answer_span": "in conferences", "answer_start": 583}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in conferences", "answer_span": "in conferences", "answer_start": 583}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Such as?", "answers": [{"text": "Congress of Vienna", "answer_span": "Congress of Vienna", "answer_start": 610}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Congress of Vienna", "answer_span": "Congress of Vienna", "answer_start": 610}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many permanent members are there?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 788}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 788}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many countries are in the G7?", "answers": [{"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "m such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.", "answer_start": 895}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "m such as the G7 which consists of Canada, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States of America.", "answer_start": 895}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What counties are in the UN?", "answers": [{"text": "(China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United State", "answer_span": "(China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United State", "answer_start": 703}], "orig_answer": {"text": "(China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United State", "answer_span": "(China, France, Russia, the United Kingdom and the United State", "answer_start": 703}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where are the powers exerted?", "answers": [{"text": "globally", "answer_span": "expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. ", "answer_start": 80}], "orig_answer": {"text": "globally", "answer_span": "expertise to exert its influence on a global scale. ", "answer_start": 80}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they challenged?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own.", "answer_start": 252}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "which may cause middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own.", "answer_start": 252}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are their knowledge sought after?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own.", "answer_start": 268}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "middle or small powers to consider the great powers' opinions before taking actions of their own.", "answer_start": 268}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by whom?", "answers": [{"text": "middle or small powers", "answer_span": " middle or small powers", "answer_start": 267}], "orig_answer": {"text": "middle or small powers", "answer_span": " middle or small powers", "answer_start": 267}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a great power?", "answers": [{"text": "a sovereign state", "answer_span": "a sovereign state", "answer_start": 17}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a sovereign state", "answer_span": "a sovereign state", "answer_start": 17}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does this state have?", "answers": [{"text": "he ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.", "answer_span": "he ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.", "answer_start": 65}], "orig_answer": {"text": "he ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.", "answer_span": "he ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.", "answer_start": 65}, "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3hfnh7hemhei4jimtkd1pojg58tgqd"}], "section_title": "Great power", "background": "Great power", "title": "Great power"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent. Until the mid-19th century, the term \"Kashmir\" denoted only the Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. Today, it denotes a larger area that includes the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir (subdivided into Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh divisions), the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and Chinese-administered territories of Aksai Chin and the Trans-Karakoram Tract. \n\nIn the first half of the 1st millennium, the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism and later of Buddhism; later still, in the ninth century, Kashmir Shaivism arose. In 1339, Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler of Kashmir, inaugurating the \"Salatin-i-Kashmir\" or Shah Mir dynasty. Kashmir was part of the Mughal Empire from 1586 to 1751, and thereafter, until 1820, of the Afghan Durrani Empire. That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir. In 1846, after the Sikh defeat in the First Anglo-Sikh War, and upon the purchase of the region from the British under the Treaty of Amritsar, the Raja of Jammu, Gulab Singh, became the new ruler of Kashmir. The rule of his descendants, under the \"paramountcy\" (or tutelage) of the British Crown, lasted until the partition of India in 1947, when the former princely state of the British Raj was claimed by both Pakistan and India. It is currently a disputed territory, administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and China.", "qas": [{"question": "Kashmir What region was important for relions?", "answers": [{"text": "the Kashmir region", "answer_span": "the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Kashmir region", "answer_span": "the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What religions were important there?", "answers": [{"text": "Hinduism, Buddhism and Kashmir Shaivism", "answer_span": "the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism and later of Buddhism; later still, in the ninth century, Kashmir Shaivism", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hinduism, Buddhism and Kashmir Shaivism", "answer_span": "the Kashmir region became an important centre of Hinduism and later of Buddhism; later still, in the ninth century, Kashmir Shaivism", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it located?", "answers": [{"text": "the Indian subcontinent", "answer_span": "Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Indian subcontinent", "answer_span": "Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which part?", "answers": [{"text": "the northernmost geographical region", "answer_span": "Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the northernmost geographical region", "answer_span": "Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What used to outline the region?", "answers": [{"text": "the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range", "answer_span": " Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range", "answer_start": 139}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range", "answer_span": " Kashmir Valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range", "answer_start": 139}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What outlines the area now?", "answers": [{"text": "the Indian-administered territory, the Pakistani-administered territories and the Chinese-administered territories", "answer_span": "the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir (subdivided into Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh divisions), the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and Chinese-administered territories", "answer_start": 255}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Indian-administered territory, the Pakistani-administered territories and the Chinese-administered territories", "answer_span": "the Indian-administered territory of Jammu and Kashmir (subdivided into Jammu, Kashmir, and Ladakh divisions), the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan, and Chinese-administered territories", "answer_start": 255}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who runs the area now?", "answers": [{"text": "India, Pakistan, and China", "answer_span": "It is currently a disputed territory, administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and China", "answer_start": 1432}], "orig_answer": {"text": "India, Pakistan, and China", "answer_span": "It is currently a disputed territory, administered by three countries: India, Pakistan, and China", "answer_start": 1432}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Before then?", "answers": [{"text": "Pakistan and India", "answer_span": "when the former princely state of the British Raj was claimed by both Pakistan and India", "answer_start": 1342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pakistan and India", "answer_span": "when the former princely state of the British Raj was claimed by both Pakistan and India", "answer_start": 1342}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the first Muslim ruler?", "answers": [{"text": "Shah Mir", "answer_span": "Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler", "answer_start": 717}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Shah Mir", "answer_span": "Shah Mir became the first Muslim ruler", "answer_start": 717}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the Sikh take over?", "answers": [{"text": "1820", "answer_span": "until 1820, of the Afghan Durrani Empire. That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir", "answer_start": 899}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1820", "answer_span": "until 1820, of the Afghan Durrani Empire. That year, the Sikhs, under Ranjit Singh, annexed Kashmir", "answer_start": 899}, "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ymtujh0dsgfkjhufn5vl4x0zhb4ty"}], "section_title": "Kashmir", "background": "Kashmir", "title": "Kashmir"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Society of Jesus (S.J. \u2013 from ) is a religious congregation of the Catholic Church which originated in sixteenth-century Spain. The members are called Jesuits. The society is engaged in evangelization and apostolic ministry in 112 nations on six continents. Jesuits work in education (founding schools, colleges, universities, and seminaries), intellectual research, and cultural pursuits. Jesuits also give retreats, minister in hospitals and parishes, sponsor direct social ministries, and promote ecumenical dialogue. \n\nIgnatius of Loyola, a Basque nobleman from the Pyrenees area of northern Spain, founded the society after discerning his spiritual vocation while recovering from a wound sustained in the Battle of Pamplona. He composed the \"Spiritual Exercises\" to help others follow the teachings of Jesus Christ. In 1534, Ignatius and six other young men, including Francis Xavier and Peter Faber, gathered and professed vows of poverty, chastity, and later obedience, including a special vow of obedience to the Pope in matters of mission direction and assignment. Ignatius's plan of the order's organization was approved by Pope Paul III in 1540 by a bull containing the \"Formula of the Institute\". \n\nIgnatius was a nobleman who had a military background, and the members of the society were supposed to accept orders anywhere in the world, where they might be required to live in extreme conditions. Accordingly, the opening lines of the founding document declared that the society was founded for \"whoever desires to serve as a soldier of God to strive especially for the defence and propagation of the faith and for the progress of souls in Christian life and doctrine.\" Jesuits are thus sometimes referred to colloquially as \"God's soldiers\", \"God's marines\", or \"the Company\", which evolved from references to Ignatius' history as a soldier and the society's commitment to accepting orders anywhere and to endure any conditions. The society participated in the Counter-Reformation and, later, in the implementation of the Second Vatican Council.", "qas": [{"question": "Society of Jesus In what century did the SJ form?", "answers": [{"text": "the 16th", "answer_span": "1534", "answer_start": 828}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 16th", "answer_span": "1534", "answer_start": 828}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are its members called?", "answers": [{"text": "Jesuits", "answer_span": "Jesuits", "answer_start": 155}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jesuits", "answer_span": "Jesuits", "answer_start": 155}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is Ignatius of Loyola?", "answers": [{"text": "a Basque nobleman", "answer_span": "a Basque nobleman", "answer_start": 547}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a Basque nobleman", "answer_span": "a Basque nobleman", "answer_start": 547}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he found this society?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "founded the society", "answer_start": 607}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "founded the society", "answer_start": 607}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What background did he have?", "answers": [{"text": "military", "answer_span": "military", "answer_start": 1249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "military", "answer_span": "military", "answer_start": 1249}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "This society does work in how many continents?", "answers": [{"text": "six", "answer_span": "on six continents", "answer_start": 243}], "orig_answer": {"text": "six", "answer_span": "on six continents", "answer_start": 243}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and how many nations?", "answers": [{"text": "112", "answer_span": "112", "answer_start": 231}], "orig_answer": {"text": "112", "answer_span": "112", "answer_start": 231}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Give me two things that they work in?", "answers": [{"text": "intellectual research and cultural pursuits", "answer_span": " intellectual research, and cultural pursuits", "answer_start": 347}], "orig_answer": {"text": "intellectual research and cultural pursuits", "answer_span": " intellectual research, and cultural pursuits", "answer_start": 347}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the Jesuits sometimes referred to as?", "answers": [{"text": "God's soldiers", "answer_span": "God's soldiers", "answer_start": 1744}], "orig_answer": {"text": "God's soldiers", "answer_span": "God's soldiers", "answer_start": 1744}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name a Pope mentioned in this article?", "answers": [{"text": "Pope Paul III", "answer_span": "Pope Paul III", "answer_start": 1138}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pope Paul III", "answer_span": "Pope Paul III", "answer_start": 1138}, "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3o6cyiuled16tyf3py1ols2t2ptuwf"}], "section_title": "Society of Jesus", "background": "Society of Jesus", "title": "Society of Jesus"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Charles Robert Darwin, (; 12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist, best known for his contributions to the science of evolution. He established that all species of life have descended over time from common ancestors and, in a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace, introduced his scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial selection involved in selective breeding. \n\nDarwin published his theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his 1859 book \"On the Origin of Species\", overcoming scientific rejection of earlier concepts of transmutation of species. By the 1870s, the scientific community and much of the general public had accepted evolution as a fact. However, many favoured competing explanations and it was not until the emergence of the modern evolutionary synthesis from the 1930s to the 1950s that a broad consensus developed in which natural selection was the basic mechanism of evolution. In modified form, Darwin's scientific discovery is the unifying theory of the life sciences, explaining the diversity of life. \n\nDarwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education at the University of Edinburgh; instead, he helped to investigate marine invertebrates. Studies at the University of Cambridge (Christ's College) encouraged his passion for natural science. His five-year voyage on established him as an eminent geologist whose observations and theories supported Charles Lyell's uniformitarian ideas, and publication of his journal of the voyage made him famous as a popular author.", "qas": [{"question": "Charles Darwin Who published \"The Origin of the Species\"?", "answers": [{"text": "Darwin", "answer_span": "Darwin published his theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his 1859 book \"On the Origin of Species\"", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Darwin", "answer_span": "Darwin published his theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his 1859 book \"On the Origin of Species\"", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year?", "answers": [{"text": "1859", "answer_span": "Darwin published his theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his 1859 book \"On the Origin of Species\"", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1859", "answer_span": "Darwin published his theory of evolution with compelling evidence in his 1859 book \"On the Origin of Species\"", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many professions did he have?", "answers": [{"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Charles Robert Darwin, (; 12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Charles Robert Darwin, (; 12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were they?", "answers": [{"text": "naturalist, geologist and biologist", "answer_span": "Charles Robert Darwin, (; 12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "naturalist, geologist and biologist", "answer_span": "Charles Robert Darwin, (; 12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882) was an English naturalist, geologist and biologist", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his early curiosty in?", "answers": [{"text": "nature", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "nature", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature", "answer_start": 1237}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he originally go to uni to study it?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education at the University of Edinburgh", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education at the University of Edinburgh", "answer_start": 1237}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he go for?", "answers": [{"text": "medical education", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "medical education", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education", "answer_start": 1237}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he have a co-author?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " in a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " in a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace", "answer_start": 265}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was he?", "answers": [{"text": "Alfred Russel Wallace", "answer_span": " in a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Alfred Russel Wallace", "answer_span": " in a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace", "answer_start": 265}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his main hypothesis?", "answers": [{"text": "that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection", "answer_span": "his scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection", "answer_start": 328}], "orig_answer": {"text": "that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection", "answer_span": "his scientific theory that this branching pattern of evolution resulted from a process that he called natural selection", "answer_start": 328}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did this mimic selective choosing of genetic traits?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial selection involved in selective breeding.", "answer_start": 430}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "natural selection, in which the struggle for existence has a similar effect to the artificial selection involved in selective breeding.", "answer_start": 430}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he only study in one place?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "the University of Edinburgh; instead, he helped to investigate marine invertebrates. Studies at the University of Cambridge", "answer_start": 1315}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the University of Edinburgh; instead, he helped to investigate marine invertebrates. Studies at the University of Cambridge", "answer_start": 1315}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "the University of Edinburgh; instead, he helped to investigate marine invertebrates. Studies at the University of Cambridge", "answer_start": 1315}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "the University of Edinburgh; instead, he helped to investigate marine invertebrates. Studies at the University of Cambridge", "answer_start": 1315}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the first one?", "answers": [{"text": "University of Edinburgh", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education at the University of Edinburgh", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "University of Edinburgh", "answer_span": "Darwin's early interest in nature led him to neglect his medical education at the University of Edinburgh", "answer_start": 1237}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he wind up studying there?", "answers": [{"text": "marine invertebrates", "answer_span": "he helped to investigate marine invertebrates", "answer_start": 1353}], "orig_answer": {"text": "marine invertebrates", "answer_span": "he helped to investigate marine invertebrates", "answer_start": 1353}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And where else did he study?", "answers": [{"text": "University of Cambridge", "answer_span": "Studies at the University of Cambridge", "answer_start": 1400}], "orig_answer": {"text": "University of Cambridge", "answer_span": "Studies at the University of Cambridge", "answer_start": 1400}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where he studied?", "answers": [{"text": "natural science", "answer_span": "Studies at the University of Cambridge (Christ's College) encouraged his passion for natural science", "answer_start": 1400}], "orig_answer": {"text": "natural science", "answer_span": "Studies at the University of Cambridge (Christ's College) encouraged his passion for natural science", "answer_start": 1400}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did modern thoughts on the study of how we evolve support his hypotheses?", "answers": [{"text": "that a broad consensus developed in which natural selection was the basic mechanism of evolution", "answer_span": "modern evolutionary synthesis from the 1930s to the 1950s that a broad consensus developed in which natural selection was the basic mechanism of evolution", "answer_start": 952}], "orig_answer": {"text": "that a broad consensus developed in which natural selection was the basic mechanism of evolution", "answer_span": "modern evolutionary synthesis from the 1930s to the 1950s that a broad consensus developed in which natural selection was the basic mechanism of evolution", "answer_start": 952}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And when did he finally pass away?", "answers": [{"text": "19\u00a0April 1882", "answer_span": "12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882", "answer_start": 26}], "orig_answer": {"text": "19\u00a0April 1882", "answer_span": "12\u00a0February 1809\u00a0\u2013 19\u00a0April 1882", "answer_start": 26}, "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "33c7ualjvlyfu0snp7bywaua9lp184"}], "section_title": "Charles Darwin", "background": "Charles Darwin", "title": "Charles Darwin"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol \u20a5), cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2), dime or one-tenth of a dollar, and eagle or ten dollars, with prescribed weights and composition of gold, silver, or copper for each. It was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union, but no union coins were ever struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist. However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar; \"dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2, while \"eagle\" and \"mill\" are largely unknown to the general public, though mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies, and gasoline prices are usually in the form of $X.XX9 per gallon, e.g., $3.599, sometimes written as $3.599\u204410. When currently issued in circulating form, denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U.S. coins while denominations equal to or greater than a dollar are emitted as Federal Reserve notes (with the exception of gold, silver and platinum coins valued up to $100 as legal tender, but worth far more as bullion). Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the note form is significantly more common. In the past, \"paper money\" was occasionally issued in denominations less than a dollar (fractional currency) and gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of $20 (known as the \"double eagle\", discontinued in the 1930s). The term eagle was used in the Coinage Act of 1792 for the denomination of ten dollars, and subsequently was used in naming gold coins. Paper currency less than one dollar in denomination, known as \"fractional currency\", was also sometimes pejoratively referred to as \"shinplasters\". In 1854, James Guthrie, then Secretary of the Treasury, proposed creating $100, $50 and $25 gold coins, which were referred to as a \"Union\", \"Half Union\", and \"Quarter Union\", thus implying a denomination of 1 Union = $100.", "qas": [{"question": "United States dollar How much is a dime worth?", "answers": [{"text": "one-tenth of a dollar", "answer_span": "one-tenth of a dollar", "answer_start": 275}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one-tenth of a dollar", "answer_span": "one-tenth of a dollar", "answer_start": 275}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "A cent?", "answers": [{"text": "one-hundredth of a dollar", "answer_span": "one-hundredth of a dollar", "answer_start": 229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one-hundredth of a dollar", "answer_span": "one-hundredth of a dollar", "answer_start": 229}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there one called a mil?", "answers": [{"text": "A mill, yes", "answer_span": " mil", "answer_start": 173}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A mill, yes", "answer_span": " mil", "answer_start": 173}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much is that?", "answers": [{"text": "one-thousandth of a dolla", "answer_span": "one-thousandth of a dolla", "answer_start": 182}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one-thousandth of a dolla", "answer_span": "one-thousandth of a dolla", "answer_start": 182}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What set these values?", "answers": [{"text": "coinage act", "answer_span": " coinage act ", "answer_start": 120}], "orig_answer": {"text": "coinage act", "answer_span": " coinage act ", "answer_start": 120}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was this in Spain?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Spanish milled ", "answer_start": 11}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Spanish milled ", "answer_start": 11}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was it?", "answers": [{"text": "U.S", "answer_span": " U.S", "answer_start": 36}], "orig_answer": {"text": "U.S", "answer_span": " U.S", "answer_start": 36}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "If a piece of money is worth at least a dollar what do the make for it?", "answers": [{"text": "Federal Reserve notes", "answer_span": " Federal Reserve notes", "answer_start": 1121}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Federal Reserve notes", "answer_span": " Federal Reserve notes", "answer_start": 1121}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about less than that?", "answers": [{"text": "U.S. coins", "answer_span": "U.S. coins", "answer_start": 1042}], "orig_answer": {"text": "U.S. coins", "answer_span": "U.S. coins", "answer_start": 1042}, "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ydgxnseozuwmzp6cpu0u81dlx1486"}], "section_title": "United States dollar", "background": "United States dollar", "title": "United States dollar"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport) is a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. In team sports, matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament. If the players usually play in different teams in other leagues, exhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other. The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. \n\nAn exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities. Several sports leagues hold all-star games to showcase their best players against each other, while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries to unofficially determine who would be the best in the world. International competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport.", "qas": [{"question": "Exhibition game What type of match-up can be used to resolve a challenge?", "answers": [{"text": "An exhibition game", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "An exhibition game", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are these sometimes played before the start of a season?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament", "answer_start": 324}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "matches of this type are often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches of a league season or tournament", "answer_start": 324}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they known by many names?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game (also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport)", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the name somewhat rely on?", "answers": [{"text": "On the sport", "answer_span": "also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport", "answer_start": 20}], "orig_answer": {"text": "On the sport", "answer_span": "also known as a friendly, a scrimmage, a demonstration, a preseason game, a warmup match, or a preparation match, depending at least in part on the sport", "answer_start": 20}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it effect a teams ranking?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. ", "answer_start": 177}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " a sporting event whose prize money and impact on the player's or the team's rankings is either zero or otherwise greatly reduced. ", "answer_start": 177}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can players learn during these games?", "answers": [{"text": "How to work with each other", "answer_span": "xhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other", "answer_start": 532}], "orig_answer": {"text": "How to work with each other", "answer_span": "xhibition games offer an opportunity for the players to learn to work with each other", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can it help coaches do?", "answers": [{"text": "Select players for the competitive matches", "answer_span": " often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches ", "answer_start": 348}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Select players for the competitive matches", "answer_span": " often used to help coaches and managers select players for the competitive matches ", "answer_start": 348}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can one team play a game like this among themselves?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. ", "answer_start": 619}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The games can be held between separate teams or between parts of the same team. ", "answer_start": 619}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can charities make use of these?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "for what?", "answers": [{"text": "To raise money", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "To raise money", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they sometimes just for entertainment?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about just for promotion?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities.", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities.", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would they be promoting?", "answers": [{"text": "The sport", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The sport", "answer_span": "An exhibition game may also be used to settle a challenge, to provide professional entertainment, to promote the sport, or to raise money for charities", "answer_start": 701}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there any international games that use them?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries", "answer_start": 947}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " while other exhibitions games may pit participants from two different leagues or countries", "answer_start": 947}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Like what?", "answers": [{"text": "The Olympic Games", "answer_span": "nternational competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport.", "answer_start": 1102}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Olympic Games", "answer_span": "nternational competitions like the Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport.", "answer_start": 1102}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What might they use them for?", "answers": [{"text": "As a demonstration sport.", "answer_span": "Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport.", "answer_start": 1137}], "orig_answer": {"text": "As a demonstration sport.", "answer_span": "Olympic Games may also hold exhibition games as part of a demonstration sport.", "answer_start": 1137}, "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3glb5jmzfxvofaehoy7hppchmsrgdt"}], "section_title": "Exhibition game", "background": "Exhibition game", "title": "Exhibition game"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Geodesy (/d\u0292i\u02d0\u02c8\u0252d\u0268si/), also named geodetics, is the scientific discipline that deals with the measurement and representation of the Earth. The history of geodesy began in antiquity and blossomed during the Age of Enlightenment. \n\nEarly ideas about the figure of the Earth held the Earth to be flat (see flat Earth), and the heavens a physical dome spanning over it. Two early arguments for a spherical Earth were that lunar eclipses were seen as circular shadows which could only be caused by a spherical Earth, and that Polaris is seen lower in the sky as one travels South. \n\nThe early Greeks, in their speculation and theorizing, ranged from the flat disc advocated by Homer to the spherical body postulated by Pythagoras. Pythagoras's idea was supported later by Aristotle. Pythagoras was a mathematician and to him the most perfect figure was a sphere. He reasoned that the gods would create a perfect figure and therefore the Earth was created to be spherical in shape. Anaximenes, an early Greek philosopher, believed strongly that the Earth was rectangular in shape. \n\nSince the spherical shape was the most widely supported during the Greek Era, efforts to determine its size followed. Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (between 62,800 and 74,000\u00a0km or 46,250 and 39,250\u00a0mi) while Archimedes estimated 300,000 stadia (48,300\u00a0km or 30,000\u00a0mi), using the Hellenic stadion which scholars generally take to be 185 meters or of a geographical mile. Plato's figure was a guess and Archimedes' a more conservative approximation.", "qas": [{"question": "History of geodesy When did geodesy begin?", "answers": [{"text": "in antiquity", "answer_span": "The history of geodesy began in antiquity and blossomed during the Age of Enlightenment. ", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in antiquity", "answer_span": "The history of geodesy began in antiquity and blossomed during the Age of Enlightenment. ", "answer_start": 140}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it flourish?", "answers": [{"text": "during the Age of Enlightenment", "answer_span": "The history of geodesy began in antiquity and blossomed during the Age of Enlightenment. \n", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "during the Age of Enlightenment", "answer_span": "The history of geodesy began in antiquity and blossomed during the Age of Enlightenment. \n", "answer_start": 140}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which Greek argued for a flat Earth?", "answers": [{"text": "Homer", "answer_span": "The early Greeks, in their speculation and theorizing, ranged from the flat disc advocated by Homer", "answer_start": 579}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Homer", "answer_span": "The early Greeks, in their speculation and theorizing, ranged from the flat disc advocated by Homer", "answer_start": 579}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who argued for a perfect sphere?", "answers": [{"text": "Pythagoras", "answer_span": "Pythagoras was a mathematician and to him the most perfect figure was a sphere", "answer_start": 779}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pythagoras", "answer_span": "Pythagoras was a mathematician and to him the most perfect figure was a sphere", "answer_start": 779}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who later agreed with him?", "answers": [{"text": "Aristotle", "answer_span": "Pythagoras's idea was supported later by Aristotle.", "answer_start": 727}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Aristotle", "answer_span": "Pythagoras's idea was supported later by Aristotle.", "answer_start": 727}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why did Pythagoras think the Earth was a sphere?", "answers": [{"text": "Because the most perfect figure was a sphere.", "answer_span": " He reasoned that the gods would create a perfect figure ", "answer_start": 858}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Because the most perfect figure was a sphere.", "answer_span": " He reasoned that the gods would create a perfect figure ", "answer_start": 858}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who thought the Earth was rectangular?", "answers": [{"text": "Anaximenes", "answer_span": " Anaximenes, an early Greek philosopher, believed strongly that the Earth was rectangular in shape. ", "answer_start": 976}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Anaximenes", "answer_span": " Anaximenes, an early Greek philosopher, believed strongly that the Earth was rectangular in shape. ", "answer_start": 976}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was Anaximenes?", "answers": [{"text": "an early Greek philosopher", "answer_span": "Anaximenes, an early Greek philosopher, believed strongly that the Earth was rectangular in shape", "answer_start": 977}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an early Greek philosopher", "answer_span": "Anaximenes, an early Greek philosopher, believed strongly that the Earth was rectangular in shape", "answer_start": 977}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How did early ideas describe the heavens?", "answers": [{"text": "a dome over the earth", "answer_span": "Early ideas about the figure of the Earth held the Earth to be flat (see flat Earth), and the heavens a physical dome spanning over it", "answer_start": 231}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a dome over the earth", "answer_span": "Early ideas about the figure of the Earth held the Earth to be flat (see flat Earth), and the heavens a physical dome spanning over it", "answer_start": 231}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does the position of Polaris change as one goes South?", "answers": [{"text": "it's seen lower in the sky", "answer_span": "Polaris is seen lower in the sky as one travels South. ", "answer_start": 522}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it's seen lower in the sky", "answer_span": "Polaris is seen lower in the sky as one travels South. ", "answer_start": 522}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What measurement did Plato make?", "answers": [{"text": "the circumference of the Earth", "answer_span": "Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia ", "answer_start": 1196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the circumference of the Earth", "answer_span": "Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia ", "answer_start": 1196}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What units of measurement did he use?", "answers": [{"text": "stadia", "answer_span": " Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (", "answer_start": 1195}], "orig_answer": {"text": "stadia", "answer_span": " Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (", "answer_start": 1195}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he measure the circumference as?", "answers": [{"text": "400,000 stadia", "answer_span": " Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (", "answer_start": 1195}], "orig_answer": {"text": "400,000 stadia", "answer_span": " Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (", "answer_start": 1195}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What range of km does this convert to?", "answers": [{"text": "62,800 and 74,000", "answer_span": "400,000 stadia (between 62,800 and 74,000\u00a0km", "answer_start": 1285}], "orig_answer": {"text": "62,800 and 74,000", "answer_span": "400,000 stadia (between 62,800 and 74,000\u00a0km", "answer_start": 1285}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that larger than Earth's actual circumference in km?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) ", "answer_start": 1196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) ", "answer_start": 1196}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the actual value in km?", "answers": [{"text": "40,000", "answer_span": "Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km)", "answer_start": 1196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "40,000", "answer_span": "Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km)", "answer_start": 1196}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Plato and Archimedes arrive at the same measurement?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (between 62,800 and 74,000\u00a0km or 46,250 and 39,250\u00a0mi) while Archimedes estimated 300,000 stadia (48,300\u00a0km or 30,000\u00a0mi)", "answer_start": 1195}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Plato determined the circumference of the Earth (which is slightly over 40,000\u00a0km) to be 400,000 stadia (between 62,800 and 74,000\u00a0km or 46,250 and 39,250\u00a0mi) while Archimedes estimated 300,000 stadia (48,300\u00a0km or 30,000\u00a0mi)", "answer_start": 1195}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was Archimedes' estimate?", "answers": [{"text": "300,000 stadia", "answer_span": " Archimedes estimated 300,000 stadia ", "answer_start": 1360}], "orig_answer": {"text": "300,000 stadia", "answer_span": " Archimedes estimated 300,000 stadia ", "answer_start": 1360}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Using what kind of stadia?", "answers": [{"text": "the Hellenic stadion", "answer_span": "using the Hellenic stadion which scholars generally take to be 185 meters or of a geographical mile", "answer_start": 1423}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Hellenic stadion", "answer_span": "using the Hellenic stadion which scholars generally take to be 185 meters or of a geographical mile", "answer_start": 1423}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How did Plato arrive at his estimate?", "answers": [{"text": "a guess", "answer_span": " Plato's figure was a guess and Archimedes' a more conservative approximation", "answer_start": 1523}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a guess", "answer_span": " Plato's figure was a guess and Archimedes' a more conservative approximation", "answer_start": 1523}, "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3e337gfol98x1m5udslkluob042ng7"}], "section_title": "History of geodesy", "background": "History of geodesy", "title": "History of geodesy"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A news agency (French: \"agence de presse\") is an organization that gathers news reports and sells them to subscribing news organizations, such as newspapers, magazines and radio and television broadcasters. A news agency may also be referred to as a wire service, newswire, or news service. \n\nAlthough there are many news agencies around the world, three global news agencies, Agence France-Presse (AFP), Associated Press (AP) and Reuters, have offices in most countries of the world and cover all areas of information. All three began with and continue to operate on a basic philosophy of providing a single objective news feed to all subscribers; they do not provide separate feeds for conservative or liberal newspapers. Jonathan Fenby explains the philosophy: \n\nTo achieve such wide acceptability, the agencies avoid overt partiality. Demonstrably correct information is their stock in trade. Traditionally, they report at a reduced level of responsibility, attributing their information to a spokesman, the press, or other sources. They avoid making judgments and steer clear of doubt and ambiguity. Though their founders did not use the word, objectivity is the philosophical basis for their enterprises \u2013 or failing that, widely acceptable neutrality. \n\nOnly a few large newspapers could afford bureaus outside their home city. They relied instead on news agencies, especially Havas (founded 1835) in France and the Associated Press (founded 1846) in the United States. Former Havas employees founded Reuters in 1851 in Britain and Wolff in 1849 in Germany; Havas is now Agence France-Presse (AFP). For international news, the agencies pooled their resources, so that Havas, for example, covered the French Empire, South America and the Balkans and shared the news with the other national agencies. In France the typical contract with Havas provided a provincial newspaper with 1800 lines of telegraphed text daily, for an annual subscription rate of 10,000 francs. Other agencies provided features and fiction for their subscribers.", "qas": [{"question": "News agency What do news agencies avoid?", "answers": [{"text": "overt partiality", "answer_span": "the agencies avoid overt partiality", "answer_start": 802}], "orig_answer": {"text": "overt partiality", "answer_span": "the agencies avoid overt partiality", "answer_start": 802}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they have a history of reporting at reduced levels of accountability?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Traditionally, they report at a reduced level of responsibility,", "answer_start": 897}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Traditionally, they report at a reduced level of responsibility,", "answer_start": 897}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many large news publications could afford news services outside their own town?", "answers": [{"text": "Only a few", "answer_span": "Only a few large newspapers could afford bureaus outside their home city", "answer_start": 1261}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Only a few", "answer_span": "Only a few large newspapers could afford bureaus outside their home city", "answer_start": 1261}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did they rely on in France?", "answers": [{"text": "news agencies", "answer_span": "They relied instead on news agencies", "answer_start": 1335}], "orig_answer": {"text": "news agencies", "answer_span": "They relied instead on news agencies", "answer_start": 1335}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who founded Reuters?", "answers": [{"text": "Former Havas employees", "answer_span": "Former Havas employees founded Reuters", "answer_start": 1477}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Former Havas employees", "answer_span": "Former Havas employees founded Reuters", "answer_start": 1477}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When in Britain?", "answers": [{"text": "1851", "answer_span": "Former Havas employees founded Reuters in 1851 in Britain", "answer_start": 1477}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1851", "answer_span": "Former Havas employees founded Reuters in 1851 in Britain", "answer_start": 1477}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the German version called?", "answers": [{"text": "Wolff", "answer_span": " Wolff in 1849 in Germany", "answer_start": 1538}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wolff", "answer_span": " Wolff in 1849 in Germany", "answer_start": 1538}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it formed?", "answers": [{"text": "1849", "answer_span": "Wolff in 1849 in Germany;", "answer_start": 1539}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1849", "answer_span": "Wolff in 1849 in Germany;", "answer_start": 1539}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What areas did Havas cover?", "answers": [{"text": "the French Empire, South America and the Balkans", "answer_span": "Havas, for example, covered the French Empire, South America and the Balkans ", "answer_start": 1675}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the French Empire, South America and the Balkans", "answer_span": "Havas, for example, covered the French Empire, South America and the Balkans ", "answer_start": 1675}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they keep their news to themselves?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "and shared the news with the other national agencies.", "answer_start": 1752}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "and shared the news with the other national agencies.", "answer_start": 1752}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did they share it with?", "answers": [{"text": "the other national agencies", "answer_span": " shared the news with the other national agencies.", "answer_start": 1755}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the other national agencies", "answer_span": " shared the news with the other national agencies.", "answer_start": 1755}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Havas now called?", "answers": [{"text": "Agence France-Presse", "answer_span": "Havas is now Agence France-Presse", "answer_start": 1565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Agence France-Presse", "answer_span": "Havas is now Agence France-Presse", "answer_start": 1565}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do news agencies give their news away for free?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Havas provided a provincial newspaper with 1800 lines of telegraphed text daily, for an annual subscription rate of 10,000 francs", "answer_start": 1842}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Havas provided a provincial newspaper with 1800 lines of telegraphed text daily, for an annual subscription rate of 10,000 francs", "answer_start": 1842}, "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3y5140z9dxgb0yn2jvyfav6mfx3pi7"}], "section_title": "News agency", "background": "News agency", "title": "News agency"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Bird migration is the regular seasonal movement, often north and south along a flyway, between breeding and wintering grounds. Many species of bird migrate. Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality, including from hunting by humans, and is driven primarily by availability of food. It occurs mainly in the northern hemisphere, where birds are funnelled on to specific routes by natural barriers such as the Mediterranean Sea or the Caribbean Sea. \n\nHistorically, migration has been recorded as much as 3,000 years ago by Ancient Greek authors including Homer and Aristotle, and in the Book of Job, for species such as storks, turtle doves, and swallows. More recently, Johannes Leche began recording dates of arrivals of spring migrants in Finland in 1749, and scientific studies have used techniques including bird ringing and satellite tracking. Threats to migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction especially of stopover and wintering sites, as well as structures such as power lines and wind farms.", "qas": [{"question": "Bird migration Which half of the earth has more bird migration?", "answers": [{"text": "the northern hemisphere", "answer_span": "mainly in the northern hemisphere", "answer_start": 307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the northern hemisphere", "answer_span": "mainly in the northern hemisphere", "answer_start": 307}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long have people been observing and recording migration?", "answers": [{"text": "3,000 years", "answer_span": "as much as 3,000 years ago", "answer_start": 506}], "orig_answer": {"text": "3,000 years", "answer_span": "as much as 3,000 years ago", "answer_start": 506}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was one early writer recording migration?", "answers": [{"text": "Aristotle", "answer_span": " by Ancient Greek authors including Homer and Aristotle", "answer_start": 532}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Aristotle", "answer_span": " by Ancient Greek authors including Homer and Aristotle", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "Homer", "answer_span": "by Ancient Greek authors including Homer ", "answer_start": 533}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Homer", "answer_span": "by Ancient Greek authors including Homer ", "answer_start": 533}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one species that was recorded in early records?", "answers": [{"text": "swallows.", "answer_span": "Book of Job, for species such as storks, turtle doves, and swallows. ", "answer_start": 600}], "orig_answer": {"text": "swallows.", "answer_span": "Book of Job, for species such as storks, turtle doves, and swallows. ", "answer_start": 600}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "storks", "answer_span": " Book of Job, for species such as storks", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "storks", "answer_span": " Book of Job, for species such as storks", "answer_start": 599}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What scientist in the 1700\u2019s studied migration?", "answers": [{"text": "Johannes Leche", "answer_span": "Johannes Leche began recording dates of arrivals of spring migrants in Finland in 1749", "answer_start": 684}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Johannes Leche", "answer_span": "Johannes Leche began recording dates of arrivals of spring migrants in Finland in 1749", "answer_start": 684}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what country was he observing?", "answers": [{"text": "Finland", "answer_span": " Johannes Leche began recording dates of arrivals of spring migrants in Finland ", "answer_start": 683}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Finland", "answer_span": " Johannes Leche began recording dates of arrivals of spring migrants in Finland ", "answer_start": 683}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a modern day method used for observing migration?", "answers": [{"text": "satellite tracking", "answer_span": "used techniques including bird ringing and satellite tracking", "answer_start": 800}], "orig_answer": {"text": "satellite tracking", "answer_span": "used techniques including bird ringing and satellite tracking", "answer_start": 800}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do man made items disturb bird migration?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Threats to migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction especially of stopover and wintering sites, as well as structures such as power lines", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Threats to migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction especially of stopover and wintering sites, as well as structures such as power lines", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one object that does?", "answers": [{"text": "power lines", "answer_span": "structures such as power lines", "answer_start": 981}], "orig_answer": {"text": "power lines", "answer_span": "structures such as power lines", "answer_start": 981}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any others?", "answers": [{"text": "wind farms too", "answer_span": "structures such as power lines and wind farms.", "answer_start": 981}], "orig_answer": {"text": "wind farms too", "answer_span": "structures such as power lines and wind farms.", "answer_start": 981}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Other than breeding grounds and wintering grounds what are birds seeking when they migrate?", "answers": [{"text": "food availability", "answer_span": " and is driven primarily by availability of food", "answer_start": 247}], "orig_answer": {"text": "food availability", "answer_span": " and is driven primarily by availability of food", "answer_start": 247}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is migration a low risk activity for birds?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality", "answer_start": 157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Migration carries high costs in predation and mortality", "answer_start": 157}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What might cause their death then?", "answers": [{"text": "hunting", "answer_span": " including from hunting by humans", "answer_start": 213}], "orig_answer": {"text": "hunting", "answer_span": " including from hunting by humans", "answer_start": 213}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Has man changing the landscape helped birds?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Threats to migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Threats to migratory birds have grown with habitat destruction", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3c5w7ue9cfq25qfkq16ow1z6xvrxmt"}], "section_title": "Bird migration", "background": "Bird migration", "title": "Bird migration"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Conservation biology is the management of nature and of Earth's biodiversity with the aim of protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems from excessive rates of extinction and the erosion of biotic interactions. It is an interdisciplinary subject drawing on natural and social sciences, and the practice of natural resource management. \n\nThe conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology. \n\nThe term conservation biology and its conception as a new field originated with the convening of \"The First International Conference on Research in Conservation Biology\" held at the University of California, San Diego in La Jolla, California in 1978 led by American biologists Bruce A. Wilcox and Michael E. Soul\u00e9 with a group of leading university and zoo researchers and conservationists including Kurt Benirschke, Sir Otto Frankel, Thomas Lovejoy, and Jared Diamond. The meeting was prompted by the concern over tropical deforestation, disappearing species, eroding genetic diversity within species. The conference and proceedings that resulted sought to initiate the bridging of a gap between theory in ecology and evolutionary genetics on the one hand and conservation policy and practice on the other. Conservation biology and the concept of biological diversity (biodiversity) emerged together, helping crystallize the modern era of conservation science and policy. The inherent multidisciplinary basis for conservation biology has led to new subdisciplines including conservation social science, conservation behavior and conservation physiology. It stimulated further development of conservation genetics which Otto Frankel had originated first but is now often considered a subdiscipline as well.", "qas": [{"question": "Conservation biology What is the conservation ethic based on?", "answers": [{"text": "the findings of conservation biology", "answer_span": "The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology", "answer_start": 345}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the findings of conservation biology", "answer_span": "The conservation ethic is based on the findings of conservation biology", "answer_start": 345}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is this kind of biology?", "answers": [{"text": "Conservation biology", "answer_span": "Conservation biology", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Conservation biology", "answer_span": "Conservation biology", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does conservation biology manage?", "answers": [{"text": "nature", "answer_span": "Conservation biology is the management of nature", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "nature", "answer_span": "Conservation biology is the management of nature", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it involve biological diversity?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Earth's biodiversity", "answer_start": 56}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Earth's biodiversity", "answer_start": 56}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are its goals?", "answers": [{"text": "protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems", "answer_span": "protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems", "answer_start": 93}], "orig_answer": {"text": "protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems", "answer_span": "protecting species, their habitats, and ecosystems", "answer_start": 93}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it draw from just one discipline?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "drawing on natural and social sciences", "answer_start": 254}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "drawing on natural and social sciences", "answer_start": 254}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "At what meeting did the name for the discipline originate?", "answers": [{"text": "The First International Conference on Research in Conservation Biology", "answer_span": " originated with the convening of \"The First International Conference on Research in Conservation Biology", "answer_start": 483}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The First International Conference on Research in Conservation Biology", "answer_span": " originated with the convening of \"The First International Conference on Research in Conservation Biology", "answer_start": 483}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What school hosted that?", "answers": [{"text": "the University of California", "answer_span": "held at the University of California", "answer_start": 590}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the University of California", "answer_span": "held at the University of California", "answer_start": 590}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what city?", "answers": [{"text": "San Diego", "answer_span": "University of California, San Diego", "answer_start": 602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "San Diego", "answer_span": "University of California, San Diego", "answer_start": 602}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year did it take place?", "answers": [{"text": "1978", "answer_span": "in La Jolla, California in 1978", "answer_start": 638}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1978", "answer_span": "in La Jolla, California in 1978", "answer_start": 638}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What scientists headed it?", "answers": [{"text": "Bruce A. Wilcox and Michael E. Soul\u00e9", "answer_span": "ed by American biologists Bruce A. Wilcox and Michael E. Soul\u00e9", "answer_start": 671}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bruce A. Wilcox and Michael E. Soul\u00e9", "answer_span": "ed by American biologists Bruce A. Wilcox and Michael E. Soul\u00e9", "answer_start": 671}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What other scientists attended?", "answers": [{"text": "Kurt Benirschke, Sir Otto Frankel, Thomas Lovejoy, and Jared Diamond", "answer_span": "leading university and zoo researchers and conservationists including Kurt Benirschke, Sir Otto Frankel, Thomas Lovejoy, and Jared Diamond", "answer_start": 750}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kurt Benirschke, Sir Otto Frankel, Thomas Lovejoy, and Jared Diamond", "answer_span": "leading university and zoo researchers and conservationists including Kurt Benirschke, Sir Otto Frankel, Thomas Lovejoy, and Jared Diamond", "answer_start": 750}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What worries were the reason for the event?", "answers": [{"text": "tropical deforestation, disappearing species, eroding genetic diversity within species", "answer_span": "the concern over tropical deforestation, disappearing species, eroding genetic diversity within species", "answer_start": 918}], "orig_answer": {"text": "tropical deforestation, disappearing species, eroding genetic diversity within species", "answer_span": "the concern over tropical deforestation, disappearing species, eroding genetic diversity within species", "answer_start": 918}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Otto Frankel originate?", "answers": [{"text": "conservation genetics", "answer_span": "development of conservation genetics which Otto Frankel had originated first", "answer_start": 1597}], "orig_answer": {"text": "conservation genetics", "answer_span": "development of conservation genetics which Otto Frankel had originated first", "answer_start": 1597}, "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3bwi6rsp7g9aenhgrqe7puh9naue7k"}], "section_title": "Conservation biology", "background": "Conservation biology", "title": "Conservation biology"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma which was a term used since the 15th\u201317th centuries. However, the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison. In addition to pharma responsibilities, the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners, such as surgery and midwifery. The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop which, in addition to ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines. Often the place that did this was called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term, though their practices are more akin to a modern pharmacy, in English the term apothecary would today be seen as outdated or only approproriate if herbal remedies were on offer to a large extent. The pharmas also used many other herbs not listed. The Greek word Pharmakeia (Greek: \u03c6\u03b1\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03b5\u03af\u03b1) derives from pharmakon (\u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd), meaning \"drug\", \"medicine\" (or \"poison\").[n 1]", "qas": [{"question": "Pharmacy What does the term pharmakos come from?", "answers": [{"text": "Greek", "answer_span": " Greek roots from pharmakos", "answer_start": 129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greek", "answer_span": " Greek roots from pharmakos", "answer_start": 129}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have positive connotations?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison", "answer_start": 129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison", "answer_start": 129}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it mean?", "answers": [{"text": "sorcery or even poison", "answer_span": "Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison", "answer_start": 130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sorcery or even poison", "answer_span": "Greek roots from pharmakos imply sorcery or even poison", "answer_start": 130}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would be the Greek word for drug or medicine?", "answers": [{"text": "pharmakon", "answer_span": "pharmakon (\u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd), meaning \"drug\", \"medicine\"", "answer_start": 959}], "orig_answer": {"text": "pharmakon", "answer_span": "pharmakon (\u03c6\u03ac\u03c1\u03bc\u03b1\u03ba\u03bf\u03bd), meaning \"drug\", \"medicine\"", "answer_start": 959}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what came from that word?", "answers": [{"text": "Pharmakeia", "answer_span": "The Greek word Pharmakeia", "answer_start": 901}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pharmakeia", "answer_span": "The Greek word Pharmakeia", "answer_start": 901}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the term pharma first used?", "answers": [{"text": "15th century", "answer_span": " pharma which was a term used since the 15th\u201317th centuries", "answer_start": 47}], "orig_answer": {"text": "15th century", "answer_span": " pharma which was a term used since the 15th\u201317th centuries", "answer_start": 47}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that where the term pharmacy came from?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The word pharmacy is derived from its root word pharma", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did pharmas only distribute medicines?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services", "answer_start": 227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the pharma offered general medical advice and a range of services", "answer_start": 227}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is something else they did?", "answers": [{"text": "offered general medical advice", "answer_span": " the pharma offered general medical advice", "answer_start": 226}], "orig_answer": {"text": "offered general medical advice", "answer_span": " the pharma offered general medical advice", "answer_start": 226}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about for pregnant women?", "answers": [{"text": "midwifery", "answer_span": "a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners, such as surgery and midwifery", "answer_start": 273}], "orig_answer": {"text": "midwifery", "answer_span": "a range of services that are now performed solely by other specialist practitioners, such as surgery and midwifery", "answer_start": 273}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could you get tobacco at a pharma?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " in addition to ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines", "answer_start": 467}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " in addition to ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines", "answer_start": 467}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were they stand alone enterprises?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop", "answer_start": 389}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop", "answer_start": 389}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a common name for these stores?", "answers": [{"text": "an apothecary", "answer_span": " the place that did this was called an apothecary", "answer_start": 550}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an apothecary", "answer_span": " the place that did this was called an apothecary", "answer_start": 550}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that only used in English?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " was called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term", "answer_start": 574}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " was called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term", "answer_start": 574}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would you compare an apothecary to nowadays?", "answers": [{"text": "pharmacy", "answer_span": " called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term, though their practices are more akin to a modern pharmacy,", "answer_start": 578}], "orig_answer": {"text": "pharmacy", "answer_span": " called an apothecary and several languages have this as the dominant term, though their practices are more akin to a modern pharmacy,", "answer_start": 578}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that still a descriptive definition?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "in English the term apothecary would today be seen as outdated", "answer_start": 713}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "in English the term apothecary would today be seen as outdated", "answer_start": 713}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would make it so?", "answers": [{"text": "if they sold herbal remedies", "answer_span": "r only approproriate if herbal remedies were on offer to a large extent", "answer_start": 777}], "orig_answer": {"text": "if they sold herbal remedies", "answer_span": "r only approproriate if herbal remedies were on offer to a large extent", "answer_start": 777}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did pharmas list all herbs they used?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The pharmas also used many other herbs not listed", "answer_start": 850}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The pharmas also used many other herbs not listed", "answer_start": 850}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could I get a patent medicine at a pharma?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop which, in addition to ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines", "answer_start": 389}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop which, in addition to ingredients for medicines, sold tobacco and patent medicines", "answer_start": 389}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about ingredients for other medicines?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop which, in addition to ingredients for medicines", "answer_start": 388}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The pharma (as it was referred to) often operated through a retail shop which, in addition to ingredients for medicines", "answer_start": 388}, "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3pdjhanyk5g3uxudyhhl4jeqk7yh6k"}], "section_title": "Pharmacy", "background": "Pharmacy", "title": "Pharmacy"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU), and some form of memory. The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations, and a sequencing and control unit can change the order of operations in response to stored information. Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, and the result of operations saved and retrieved. \n\nMechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century and were later used in the medieval era for astronomical calculations. In World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming. During this time the first electronic digital computers were developed. Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). \n\nModern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines, and occupy a fraction of the space. Computers are small enough to fit into mobile devices, and mobile computers can be powered by small batteries. Personal computers in their various forms are icons of the Information Age and are generally considered as \"computers\". However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.", "qas": [{"question": "Computer What does CPU stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "central processing unit", "answer_span": "Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "central processing unit", "answer_span": "Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU)", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are peripheral devices useful?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, ", "answer_start": 312}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Peripheral devices allow information to be retrieved from an external source, ", "answer_start": 312}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the first computers start appearing?", "answers": [{"text": "the first century", "answer_span": "Mechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century ", "answer_start": 442}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the first century", "answer_span": "Mechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century ", "answer_start": 442}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How big were the first digital computers?", "answers": [{"text": "The size of a large room", "answer_span": "Originally they were the size of a large room,", "answer_start": 781}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The size of a large room", "answer_span": "Originally they were the size of a large room,", "answer_start": 781}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How were analog computers used in WWII?", "answers": [{"text": "in specialized military applications", "answer_span": "n World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming", "answer_start": 581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in specialized military applications", "answer_span": "n World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming", "answer_start": 581}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "such as?", "answers": [{"text": "calculating torpedo aiming", "answer_span": "In World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming.", "answer_start": 580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "calculating torpedo aiming", "answer_span": "In World War II, mechanical analog computers were used for specialized military applications such as calculating torpedo aiming.", "answer_start": 580}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are modern computers more efficient than early computers?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines", "answer_start": 906}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Modern computers based on integrated circuits are millions to billions of times more capable than the early machines", "answer_start": 906}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What has to accompany the processing unit?", "answers": [{"text": "memory", "answer_span": "Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU), and some form of memory", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "memory", "answer_span": "Conventionally, a computer consists of at least one processing element, typically a central processing unit (CPU), and some form of memory", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the processing unit do?", "answers": [{"text": "carries out arithmetic and logic operations", "answer_span": "The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "carries out arithmetic and logic operations", "answer_span": "The processing element carries out arithmetic and logic operations", "answer_start": 140}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were computers used for in the medieval era?", "answers": [{"text": "astronomical calculations", "answer_span": "Mechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century and were later used in the medieval era for astronomical calculations.", "answer_start": 442}], "orig_answer": {"text": "astronomical calculations", "answer_span": "Mechanical analog computers started appearing in the first century and were later used in the medieval era for astronomical calculations.", "answer_start": 442}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did original digital computers use a lot of power?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). ", "answer_start": 781}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). ", "answer_start": 781}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much?", "answers": [{"text": "as much as several hundred modern personal computers", "answer_span": "Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). ", "answer_start": 781}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as much as several hundred modern personal computers", "answer_span": "Originally they were the size of a large room, consuming as much power as several hundred modern personal computers (PCs). ", "answer_start": 781}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are computers found in a lot of contemporary items?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.", "answer_start": 1291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.", "answer_start": 1291}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "such as?", "answers": [{"text": "MP3 players", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.", "answer_start": 1291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "MP3 players", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous.", "answer_start": 1291}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and?", "answers": [{"text": "fighter aircraft", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous", "answer_start": 1291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "fighter aircraft", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous", "answer_start": 1291}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and?", "answers": [{"text": "industrial robots", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous", "answer_start": 1291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "industrial robots", "answer_span": "However, the embedded computers found in many devices from MP3 players to fighter aircraft and from electronic toys to industrial robots are the most numerous", "answer_start": 1291}, "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3sbehtycwn359cf3aiuynmzyju4yis"}], "section_title": "Computer", "background": "Computer", "title": "Computer"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Python is a widely used high-level programming language for general-purpose programming, created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991. An interpreted language, Python has a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability (notably using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks rather than curly brackets or keywords), and a syntax that allows programmers to express concepts in fewer lines of code than might be used in languages such as C++ or Java. The language provides constructs intended to enable writing clear programs on both a small and large scale. \n\nPython features a dynamic type system and automatic memory management and supports multiple programming paradigms, including object-oriented, imperative, functional programming, and procedural styles. It has a large and comprehensive standard library. Python interpreters are available for many operating systems, allowing Python code to run on a wide variety of systems. CPython, the reference implementation of Python, is open source software and has a community-based development model, as do nearly all of its variant implementations. CPython is managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation. \n\nPython was conceived in the late 1980s, and its implementation began in December 1989 by Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (CWI) in the Netherlands as a successor to the ABC language (itself inspired by SETL) capable of exception handling and interfacing with the operating system Amoeba. Van Rossum is Python's principal author, and his continuing central role in deciding the direction of Python is reflected in the title given to him by the Python community, \"Benevolent Dictator For Life\" (BDFL).", "qas": [{"question": "Python (programming language) What was thought of in the eighties?", "answers": [{"text": "Python", "answer_span": "Python was conceived in the late 1980s", "answer_start": 1185}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Python", "answer_span": "Python was conceived in the late 1980s", "answer_start": 1185}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was it implemented?", "answers": [{"text": "1989", "answer_span": " its implementation began in December 1989 ", "answer_start": 1228}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1989", "answer_span": " its implementation began in December 1989 ", "answer_start": 1228}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the month?", "answers": [{"text": "December", "answer_span": " its implementation began in December 1989", "answer_start": 1228}], "orig_answer": {"text": "December", "answer_span": " its implementation began in December 1989", "answer_start": 1228}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Guido van Rossum", "answer_span": "its implementation began in December 1989 by Guido van Rossum", "answer_start": 1229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Guido van Rossum", "answer_span": "its implementation began in December 1989 by Guido van Rossum", "answer_start": 1229}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where at?", "answers": [{"text": "Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica", "answer_span": "by Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (", "answer_start": 1271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica", "answer_span": "by Guido van Rossum at Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica (", "answer_start": 1271}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it replacing?", "answers": [{"text": "the ABC language", "answer_span": "as a successor to the ABC language", "answer_start": 1350}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the ABC language", "answer_span": "as a successor to the ABC language", "answer_start": 1350}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did they initially release it?", "answers": [{"text": "1991", "answer_span": "created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991.", "answer_start": 89}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1991", "answer_span": "created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991.", "answer_start": 89}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it only cater to an elite few?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "programming language for general-purpose programming", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "programming language for general-purpose programming", "answer_start": 35}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it emphasize?", "answers": [{"text": "code readability", "answer_span": "Python has a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability", "answer_start": 170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "code readability", "answer_span": "Python has a design philosophy that emphasizes code readability", "answer_start": 170}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "An example of this?", "answers": [{"text": "using whitespace indentation", "answer_span": " code readability (notably using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks rather than curly brackets or keywords)", "answer_start": 216}], "orig_answer": {"text": "using whitespace indentation", "answer_span": " code readability (notably using whitespace indentation to delimit code blocks rather than curly brackets or keywords)", "answer_start": 216}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it take more to create less than other applications?", "answers": [{"text": "fewer", "answer_span": " to express concepts in fewer lines of code than might be used in languages such as C++ or Java", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "fewer", "answer_span": " to express concepts in fewer lines of code than might be used in languages such as C++ or Java", "answer_start": 372}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What alternative applications does it outdo in that aspect?", "answers": [{"text": "C++ and Java", "answer_span": " in fewer lines of code than might be used in languages such as C++ or Java", "answer_start": 392}], "orig_answer": {"text": "C++ and Java", "answer_span": " in fewer lines of code than might be used in languages such as C++ or Java", "answer_start": 392}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it only work in little projects?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "writing clear programs on both a small and large scale", "answer_start": 521}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "writing clear programs on both a small and large scale", "answer_start": 521}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many program archetypes does it support?", "answers": [{"text": "multiple", "answer_span": "supports multiple programming paradigms", "answer_start": 653}], "orig_answer": {"text": "multiple", "answer_span": "supports multiple programming paradigms", "answer_start": 653}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "An example?", "answers": [{"text": "functional programming", "answer_span": " including object-oriented, imperative, functional programming, and procedural styles. ", "answer_start": 693}], "orig_answer": {"text": "functional programming", "answer_span": " including object-oriented, imperative, functional programming, and procedural styles. ", "answer_start": 693}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any others?", "answers": [{"text": "procedural", "answer_span": " including object-oriented, imperative, functional programming, and procedural styles", "answer_start": 693}], "orig_answer": {"text": "procedural", "answer_span": " including object-oriented, imperative, functional programming, and procedural styles", "answer_start": 693}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it only work on one certain OS?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Python interpreters are available for many operating systems", "answer_start": 831}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Python interpreters are available for many operating systems", "answer_start": 831}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the library big or little?", "answers": [{"text": "big", "answer_span": "It has a large and comprehensive standard library", "answer_start": 780}], "orig_answer": {"text": "big", "answer_span": "It has a large and comprehensive standard library", "answer_start": 780}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who manages the communal version?", "answers": [{"text": "Python Software Foundation.", "answer_span": "CPython is managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation. ", "answer_start": 1118}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Python Software Foundation.", "answer_span": "CPython is managed by the non-profit Python Software Foundation. ", "answer_start": 1118}, "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3l4d84milzsfis9ki0badnjv6lkhj8"}], "section_title": "Python (programming language)", "background": "Python (programming language)", "title": "Python (programming language)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (; ; \u2013 ) was a senator and a historian of the Roman Empire. The surviving portions of his two major works\u2014the \"Annals\" and the \"Histories\"\u2014examine the reigns of the Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero, and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD). These two works span the history of the Roman Empire from the death of Augustus, in 14 AD, to the years of the First Jewish\u2013Roman War, in 70 AD. There are substantial lacunae in the surviving texts, including a gap in the \"Annals\" that is four books long. \n\nTacitus' other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see \"Dialogus de oratoribus\"), Germania (in \"De origine et situ Germanorum\"), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola, the Roman general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain, mainly focusing on his campaign in Britannia (\"De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae\"). \n\nTacitus is considered to be one of the greatest Roman historians. He lived in what has been called the Silver Age of Latin literature, and is known for the brevity and compactness of his Latin prose, as well as for his penetrating insights into the psychology of power politics.", "qas": [{"question": "Tacitus Who is one of the best Roman historians?", "answers": [{"text": "Tacitus", "answer_span": "Tacitus is considered to be one of the greatest Roman historians", "answer_start": 909}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tacitus", "answer_span": "Tacitus is considered to be one of the greatest Roman historians", "answer_start": 909}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he give insight about?", "answers": [{"text": "power politics", "answer_span": "his penetrating insights into the psychology of power politics", "answer_start": 1124}], "orig_answer": {"text": "power politics", "answer_span": "his penetrating insights into the psychology of power politics", "answer_start": 1124}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What aspect of it?", "answers": [{"text": "psychology", "answer_span": "into the psychology of power politics", "answer_start": 1149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "psychology", "answer_span": "into the psychology of power politics", "answer_start": 1149}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What language did he write in?", "answers": [{"text": "Latin", "answer_span": " and is known for the brevity and compactness of his Latin prose", "answer_start": 1043}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Latin", "answer_span": " and is known for the brevity and compactness of his Latin prose", "answer_start": 1043}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he a politician?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (; ; \u2013 ) was a senator ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (; ; \u2013 ) was a senator ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What office did he hold?", "answers": [{"text": "he was a senator", "answer_span": "Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (; ; \u2013 ) was a senator", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "he was a senator", "answer_span": "Publius (or Gaius) Cornelius Tacitus (; ; \u2013 ) was a senator", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many big works did he have?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": " The surviving portions of his two major works", "answer_start": 96}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": " The surviving portions of his two major works", "answer_start": 96}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the names?", "answers": [{"text": "the \"Annals\" and the \"Histories\"", "answer_span": " The surviving portions of his two major works\u2014the \"Annals\" and the \"Histories\"", "answer_start": 96}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the \"Annals\" and the \"Histories\"", "answer_span": " The surviving portions of his two major works\u2014the \"Annals\" and the \"Histories\"", "answer_start": 96}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was The Year of the Four Emperors?", "answers": [{"text": "69 AD", "answer_span": "Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD)", "answer_start": 272}], "orig_answer": {"text": "69 AD", "answer_span": "Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD)", "answer_start": 272}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is Tiberius?", "answers": [{"text": "a Roman emperor", "answer_span": "Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero", "answer_start": 202}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a Roman emperor", "answer_span": "Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero", "answer_start": 202}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is Claudius?", "answers": [{"text": "a Roman emperor", "answer_span": "Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius", "answer_start": 202}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a Roman emperor", "answer_span": "Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius", "answer_start": 202}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Augustus die?", "answers": [{"text": "14 AD", "answer_span": "the death of Augustus, in 14 AD", "answer_start": 365}], "orig_answer": {"text": "14 AD", "answer_span": "the death of Augustus, in 14 AD", "answer_start": 365}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 70 AD?", "answers": [{"text": "First Jewish\u2013Roman War", "answer_span": "he years of the First Jewish\u2013Roman War, in 70 AD", "answer_start": 402}], "orig_answer": {"text": "First Jewish\u2013Roman War", "answer_span": "he years of the First Jewish\u2013Roman War, in 70 AD", "answer_start": 402}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is Nero?", "answers": [{"text": "A Roman emperor", "answer_span": "Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero", "answer_start": 202}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A Roman emperor", "answer_span": "Roman emperors Tiberius, Claudius, Nero", "answer_start": 202}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is Tacitus' father in law?", "answers": [{"text": "Agricola", "answer_span": "his father-in-law, Agricola", "answer_start": 720}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Agricola", "answer_span": "his father-in-law, Agricola", "answer_start": 720}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his job?", "answers": [{"text": "the Roman general", "answer_span": " Agricola, the Roman general", "answer_start": 738}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Roman general", "answer_span": " Agricola, the Roman general", "answer_start": 738}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is he known for?", "answers": [{"text": "the Roman conquest of Britain", "answer_span": "Agricola, the Roman general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain", "answer_start": 739}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Roman conquest of Britain", "answer_span": "Agricola, the Roman general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain", "answer_start": 739}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Tacitus write about him?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Tacitus' other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see \"Dialogus de oratoribus\"), Germania (in \"De origine et situ Germanorum\"), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola", "answer_start": 565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Tacitus' other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see \"Dialogus de oratoribus\"), Germania (in \"De origine et situ Germanorum\"), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola", "answer_start": 565}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What age did he live in?", "answers": [{"text": "Silver Age of Latin literature", "answer_span": "Tacitus is considered to be one of the greatest Roman historians. He lived in what has been called the Silver Age of Latin literature", "answer_start": 909}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Silver Age of Latin literature", "answer_span": "Tacitus is considered to be one of the greatest Roman historians. He lived in what has been called the Silver Age of Latin literature", "answer_start": 909}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he write long works?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " known for the brevity and compactness of his Latin prose", "answer_start": 1050}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " known for the brevity and compactness of his Latin prose", "answer_start": 1050}, "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3dy4fpooa1o1yhnhvu1nufwvohprv0"}], "section_title": "Tacitus", "background": "Tacitus", "title": "Tacitus"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "West Yorkshire is a metropolitan county in England. It is an inland and in relative terms upland county having eastward-draining valleys while taking in moors of the Pennines and has a population of 2.2 million. West Yorkshire came into existence as a metropolitan county in 1974 after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. \n\nWest Yorkshire consists of five metropolitan boroughs (City of Bradford, Calderdale, Kirklees, City of Leeds and City of Wakefield) and shares borders with the counties of Derbyshire (briefly to the south), Greater Manchester (to the south-west), Lancashire (to the north-west), North Yorkshire (to the north and east) and South Yorkshire (to the south and south-east). \n\nLeeds, informally, is the capital of West Yorkshire, Leeds (city) has developed into the third biggest in the UK by population after London and Birmingham, York is the Capital of Yorkshire, the Leeds-Bradford Metropolitan County has grown to become the 4th largest in the UK after Greater London, West Midlands (Birmingham) and Greater Manchester with a population over 2.2 million. \n\nRemnants of a strong industrialisation in coal, wool and iron ore industries remain in the county having attracted people over the centuries, and this can be seen the buildings and architecture. The greatest hub Leeds may become a terminus for a north-east limb of High Speed 2. Major railways and three major motorways traverse the county. In the heart of the county is Leeds Bradford International Airport.", "qas": [{"question": "West Yorkshire Is West Yorkshire an inland or upland county?", "answers": [{"text": "It is both.", "answer_span": " It is an inland and in relative terms upland county ", "answer_start": 51}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It is both.", "answer_span": " It is an inland and in relative terms upland county ", "answer_start": 51}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it located?", "answers": [{"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 43}], "orig_answer": {"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 43}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do the valleys drain to the west?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "eastward-draining valleys", "answer_start": 111}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "eastward-draining valleys", "answer_start": 111}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many boroughs?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": " five metropolitan boroughs", "answer_start": 360}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": " five metropolitan boroughs", "answer_start": 360}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there more than a million people there?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " 2.2 million", "answer_start": 198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " 2.2 million", "answer_start": 198}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "2.2 million", "answer_span": " 2.2 million", "answer_start": 198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2.2 million", "answer_span": " 2.2 million", "answer_start": 198}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it created?", "answers": [{"text": "1974", "answer_span": " 1974", "answer_start": 274}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1974", "answer_span": " 1974", "answer_start": 274}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "After what happened?", "answers": [{"text": "The passage of the Local Government Act 1972.", "answer_span": "after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. \n", "answer_start": 280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The passage of the Local Government Act 1972.", "answer_span": "after the passage of the Local Government Act 1972. \n", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What resources have drawn people there?", "answers": [{"text": "informally,", "answer_span": " informally,", "answer_start": 712}], "orig_answer": {"text": "informally,", "answer_span": " informally,", "answer_start": 712}, "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3vben272mkzuhzxzlo26koyhn6osg8"}], "section_title": "West Yorkshire", "background": "West Yorkshire", "title": "West Yorkshire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. Alloys are defined by metallic bonding character. An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). Intermetallic compounds are alloys with a defined stoichiometry and crystal structure. Zintl phases are also sometimes considered alloys depending on bond types (see also: Van Arkel-Ketelaar triangle for information on classifying bonding in binary compounds). \n\nAn alloy is a mixture of either pure or fairly pure chemical elements, which forms an impure substance (admixture) that retains the characteristics of a metal. An alloy is distinct from an impure metal, such as wrought iron, in that, with an alloy, the added impurities are usually desirable and will typically have some useful benefit. Alloys are made by mixing two or more elements; at least one of which being a metal. This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal, and the name of this metal may also be the name of the alloy. The other constituents may or may not be metals but, when mixed with the molten base, they will be soluble, dissolving into the mixture.", "qas": [{"question": "Alloy What is an alloy?", "answers": [{"text": "a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element", "answer_span": "An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element", "answer_span": "An alloy is a mixture of metals or a mixture of a metal and another element. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they pure?", "answers": [{"text": "yes or fairly pure", "answer_span": "An alloy is a mixture of either pure or fairly pure chemical elements,", "answer_start": 515}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes or fairly pure", "answer_span": "An alloy is a mixture of either pure or fairly pure chemical elements,", "answer_start": 515}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and what does that form?", "answers": [{"text": "an impure substance", "answer_span": "An alloy is a mixture of either pure or fairly pure chemical elements, which forms an impure substance (admixture) ", "answer_start": 515}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an impure substance", "answer_span": "An alloy is a mixture of either pure or fairly pure chemical elements, which forms an impure substance (admixture) ", "answer_start": 515}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there another name for it?", "answers": [{"text": "admixture", "answer_span": "an impure substance (admixture) ", "answer_start": 598}], "orig_answer": {"text": "admixture", "answer_span": "an impure substance (admixture) ", "answer_start": 598}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it a solid?", "answers": [{"text": "it can be", "answer_span": "An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). ", "answer_start": 127}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it can be", "answer_span": "An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) or a mixture of metallic phases (two or more solutions). ", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When are two or more solutions used?", "answers": [{"text": "to make alloys", "answer_span": " Alloys are made by mixing two or more elements;", "answer_start": 851}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to make alloys", "answer_span": " Alloys are made by mixing two or more elements;", "answer_start": 851}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happens in the single phase?", "answers": [{"text": "it's a solid solution of metal elements", "answer_span": "An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) ", "answer_start": 127}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it's a solid solution of metal elements", "answer_span": "An alloy may be a solid solution of metal elements (a single phase) ", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are the added impurities desirable?", "answers": [{"text": "usually", "answer_span": " the added impurities are usually desirable", "answer_start": 763}], "orig_answer": {"text": "usually", "answer_span": " the added impurities are usually desirable", "answer_start": 763}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "any benefit?", "answers": [{"text": "yes, some", "answer_span": " the added impurities are usually desirable and will typically have some useful benefit", "answer_start": 763}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes, some", "answer_span": " the added impurities are usually desirable and will typically have some useful benefit", "answer_start": 763}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a primary metal?", "answers": [{"text": "a base metal", "answer_span": "This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal", "answer_start": 937}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a base metal", "answer_span": "This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal", "answer_start": 937}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What could its name be of/", "answers": [{"text": "the name of the alloy", "answer_span": "This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal, and the name of this metal may also be the name of the alloy.", "answer_start": 937}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the name of the alloy", "answer_span": "This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal, and the name of this metal may also be the name of the alloy.", "answer_start": 937}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do the others need to be metal?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The other constituents may or may not be metals", "answer_start": 1059}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The other constituents may or may not be metals", "answer_start": 1059}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they soluble?", "answers": [{"text": "when mixed with the molten base, yes", "answer_span": " The other constituents may or may not be metals but, when mixed with the molten base, they will be soluble, dissolving into the mixture.", "answer_start": 1058}], "orig_answer": {"text": "when mixed with the molten base, yes", "answer_span": " The other constituents may or may not be metals but, when mixed with the molten base, they will be soluble, dissolving into the mixture.", "answer_start": 1058}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what do they dissolve into?", "answers": [{"text": "the mixture", "answer_span": "The other constituents may or may not be metals but, when mixed with the molten base, they will be soluble, dissolving into the mixture.", "answer_start": 1059}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the mixture", "answer_span": "The other constituents may or may not be metals but, when mixed with the molten base, they will be soluble, dissolving into the mixture.", "answer_start": 1059}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is primary and base metal the same?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal,", "answer_start": 937}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "This is usually called the primary metal or the base metal,", "answer_start": 937}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does one element have to be metal to make and alloy?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Alloys are made by mixing two or more elements; at least one of which being a metal.", "answer_start": 851}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Alloys are made by mixing two or more elements; at least one of which being a metal.", "answer_start": 851}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is wrought iron and impure metal?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " An alloy is distinct from an impure metal, such as wrought iron,", "answer_start": 674}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " An alloy is distinct from an impure metal, such as wrought iron,", "answer_start": 674}, "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ii4upycoj7fsz8vructj3gjsfrqdp"}], "section_title": "Alloy", "background": "Alloy", "title": "Alloy"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A biblical canon or canon of scripture is a set of texts (or \"books\") which a particular religious community regards as authoritative scripture. The English word \"canon\" comes from the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, meaning \"rule\" or \"measuring stick\". Christians became the first to use the term in reference to scripture, but Eugene Ulrich regards the idea as Jewish. \n\nMost of the canons listed below are considered \"closed\" (i.e., books cannot be added or removed), reflecting a belief that public revelation has ended and thus some person or persons can gather approved inspired texts into a complete and authoritative canon, which scholar Bruce Metzger defines as \"an authoritative collection of books\". In contrast, an \"open canon\", which permits the addition of books through the process of continuous revelation, Metzger defines as \"a collection of authoritative books\". \n\nThese canons have developed through debate (canonology) and agreement on the part of the religious authorities of their respective faiths and denominations. Believers consider canonical books as inspired by God or as expressive of the authoritative history of the relationship between God and his people. Some books such as the Jewish-Christian gospels, have been excluded from various canons altogether, but many disputed books\u2014considered non-canonical or even apocryphal by some\u2014are considered to be Biblical apocrypha or Deuterocanonical or fully canonical by others. Differences exist between the Jewish Tanakh and Christian biblical canons, although the Jewish Tanakh did form the basis for the Christian Old Testament, and between the canons of different Christian denominations. The differing criteria and processes of canonization dictate what the various communities regard as inspired scripture. In some cases where varying strata of scriptural inspiration have accumulated, it becomes prudent to discuss texts that only have an elevated status within a particular tradition. This becomes even more complex when considering the open canons of the various Latter Day Saint sects\u2014which one may view as extensions of Christianity (and thus of Judaism)\u2014and the scriptural revelations purportedly given to several leaders over the years within that movement.", "qas": [{"question": "Biblical canon Where does the English word Canon come from?", "answers": [{"text": "the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd", "answer_span": ". The English word \"canon\" comes from the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, meaning \"rule\" ", "answer_start": 143}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd", "answer_span": ". The English word \"canon\" comes from the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, meaning \"rule\" ", "answer_start": 143}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What have the caonons developed through?", "answers": [{"text": "debate", "answer_span": "These canons have developed through debate", "answer_start": 864}], "orig_answer": {"text": "debate", "answer_span": "These canons have developed through debate", "answer_start": 864}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does Bruce Metzger define an Authoritive canon?", "answers": [{"text": "an authoritative collection of books", "answer_span": "authoritative canon, which scholar Bruce Metzger defines as \"an authoritative collection of books\"", "answer_start": 592}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an authoritative collection of books", "answer_span": "authoritative canon, which scholar Bruce Metzger defines as \"an authoritative collection of books\"", "answer_start": 592}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does an open cannon permit?", "answers": [{"text": "the addition of books", "answer_span": " In contrast, an \"open canon\", which permits the addition of books through the process of continuous revelation, ", "answer_start": 691}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the addition of books", "answer_span": " In contrast, an \"open canon\", which permits the addition of books through the process of continuous revelation, ", "answer_start": 691}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does Metzger define an open canon?", "answers": [{"text": "a collection of authoritative books", "answer_span": "\"open canon\", which permits the addition of books through the process of continuous revelation, Metzger defines as \"a collection of authoritative books", "answer_start": 708}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a collection of authoritative books", "answer_span": "\"open canon\", which permits the addition of books through the process of continuous revelation, Metzger defines as \"a collection of authoritative books", "answer_start": 708}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there differences in the Jewish Tanakh and Christian biblical canons?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Differences exist between the Jewish Tanakh and Christian biblical canons,", "answer_start": 1435}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Differences exist between the Jewish Tanakh and Christian biblical canons,", "answer_start": 1435}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the definition of the greek word canon comes from?", "answers": [{"text": "rule", "answer_span": " comes from the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, meaning \"rule\"", "answer_start": 169}], "orig_answer": {"text": "rule", "answer_span": " comes from the Greek \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd, meaning \"rule\"", "answer_start": 169}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it become prudent to discuss texts that only have an elevated status within a particular tradition?", "answers": [{"text": "cases where varying strata of scriptural inspiration have accumulated", "answer_span": "In some cases where varying strata of scriptural inspiration have accumulated, it becomes prudent to discuss texts that only have an elevated status within a particular tradition.", "answer_start": 1770}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cases where varying strata of scriptural inspiration have accumulated", "answer_span": "In some cases where varying strata of scriptural inspiration have accumulated, it becomes prudent to discuss texts that only have an elevated status within a particular tradition.", "answer_start": 1770}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did the Jewish Tanakh for the basis for the Christian Old Testament?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the Jewish Tanakh did form the basis for the Christian Old Testament,", "answer_start": 1518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the Jewish Tanakh did form the basis for the Christian Old Testament,", "answer_start": 1518}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What group became the first to use the term?", "answers": [{"text": "Christians", "answer_span": "Christians became the first to use the term in reference to scripture", "answer_start": 235}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Christians", "answer_span": "Christians became the first to use the term in reference to scripture", "answer_start": 235}, "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3hwrjooet52wxl18ftcikld5anvse7"}], "section_title": "Biblical canon", "background": "Biblical canon", "title": "Biblical canon"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 170718 September 1783) was a Swiss mathematician, physicist, astronomer, logician and engineer who made important and influential discoveries in many branches of mathematics like infinitesimal calculus and graph theory while also making pioneering contributions to several branches such as topology and analytic number theory. He also introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, particularly for mathematical analysis, such as the notion of a mathematical function. He is also known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory. \n\nEuler was one of the most eminent mathematicians of the 18th century, and is held to be one of the greatest in history. He is also widely considered to be the most prolific mathematician of all time. His collected works fill 60 to 80 quarto volumes, more than anybody in the field. He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia. \n\nA statement attributed to Pierre-Simon Laplace expresses Euler's influence on mathematics: \"Read Euler, read Euler, he is the master of us all.\" \n\nLeonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707, in Basel, Switzerland to Paul III Euler, a pastor of the Reformed Church, and Marguerite Brucker, a pastor's daughter. He had two younger sisters: Anna Maria and Maria Magdalena, and a younger brother Johann Heinrich. Soon after the birth of Leonhard, the Eulers moved from Basel to the town of Riehen, where Euler spent most of his childhood. Paul Euler was a friend of the Bernoulli family; Johann Bernoulli was then regarded as Europe's foremost mathematician, and would eventually be the most important influence on young Leonhard.", "qas": [{"question": "Leonhard Euler What important branches of science did Leonhard Euler make important discoveries in?", "answers": [{"text": "mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory", "answer_span": " He is also known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory", "answer_start": 522}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory", "answer_span": " He is also known for his work in mechanics, fluid dynamics, optics, astronomy, and music theory", "answer_start": 522}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was he born?", "answers": [{"text": "1707", "answer_span": "Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 1707", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1707", "answer_span": "Leonhard Euler ( ; ; ; 15 April 1707", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many volumes did his work contain?", "answers": [{"text": "60 to 80", "answer_span": "His collected works fill 60 to 80 quarto volumes", "answer_start": 822}], "orig_answer": {"text": "60 to 80", "answer_span": "His collected works fill 60 to 80 quarto volumes", "answer_start": 822}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of Eiler's father?", "answers": [{"text": "Paul III Euler", "answer_span": "Leonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707, in Basel, Switzerland to Paul III Euler", "answer_start": 1158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paul III Euler", "answer_span": "Leonhard Euler was born on 15 April 1707, in Basel, Switzerland to Paul III Euler", "answer_start": 1158}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did he spend most of his adult life?", "answers": [{"text": "Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Berlin", "answer_span": "He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia", "answer_start": 904}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saint Petersburg, Russia, and Berlin", "answer_span": "He spent most of his adult life in Saint Petersburg, Russia, and in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia", "answer_start": 904}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of Europe's foremost mathematician he was friends with?", "answers": [{"text": "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "answer_span": "A statement attributed to Pierre-Simon Laplace expresses Euler's influence on mathematics", "answer_start": 1011}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pierre-Simon Laplace", "answer_span": "A statement attributed to Pierre-Simon Laplace expresses Euler's influence on mathematics", "answer_start": 1011}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was Berlin the capital of?", "answers": [{"text": "Prussia", "answer_span": "in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia", "answer_start": 969}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Prussia", "answer_span": "in Berlin, then the capital of Prussia", "answer_start": 969}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Eluer have any siblings?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "He had two younger sisters", "answer_start": 1319}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "He had two younger sisters", "answer_start": 1319}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What area of study did Euler introduce much of the modern terminology and notation for?", "answers": [{"text": "mathematical analysis", "answer_span": "He also introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, particularly for mathematical analysi", "answer_start": 359}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mathematical analysis", "answer_span": "He also introduced much of the modern mathematical terminology and notation, particularly for mathematical analysi", "answer_start": 359}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the town Euler spent most of his childhood in?", "answers": [{"text": "Riehen", "answer_span": "the town of Riehen, where Euler spent most of his childhood", "answer_start": 1483}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Riehen", "answer_span": "the town of Riehen, where Euler spent most of his childhood", "answer_start": 1483}, "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3oxv7eaxleqo0pnejwsj0pdg19236z"}], "section_title": "Leonhard Euler", "background": "Leonhard Euler", "title": "Leonhard Euler"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Heavy metal (or simply metal) is a genre of rock music that developed in the late 1960s and early 1970s, largely in the United Kingdom. With roots in blues rock and psychedelic/acid rock, the bands that created heavy metal developed a thick, massive sound, characterized by highly amplified distortion, extended guitar solos, emphatic beats, and overall loudness. Heavy metal lyrics and performance styles are sometimes associated with aggression and machismo. \n\nIn 1968, the first heavy metal bands such as Led Zeppelin, Black Sabbath and Deep Purple attracted large audiences, though they were often derided by critics. During the mid-1970s, Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence; Mot\u00f6rhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed. Beginning in the late 1970s, bands in the new wave of British heavy metal such as Iron Maiden and Saxon followed in a similar vein. Before the end of the decade, heavy metal fans became known as \"metalheads\" or \"headbangers\". \n\nDuring the 1980s, glam metal became popular with groups such as M\u00f6tley Cr\u00fce and Poison. Underground scenes produced an array of more aggressive styles: thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer, and Anthrax, while other extreme subgenres of metal such as death metal and black metal remain subcultural phenomena. Since the mid-1990s popular styles have further expanded the definition of the genre. These include groove metal (with bands such as Pantera, Sepultura, and Lamb of God) and nu metal (with bands such as Korn, Slipknot, and Linkin Park), the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop.", "qas": [{"question": "Heavy metal music Which metal band is popular for getting rid of certain influences?", "answers": [{"text": "Judas Priest", "answer_span": " Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence", "answer_start": 643}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Judas Priest", "answer_span": " Judas Priest helped spur the genre's evolution by discarding much of its blues influence", "answer_start": 643}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which is known for making it faster?", "answers": [{"text": "Mot\u00f6rhead", "answer_span": "Mot\u00f6rhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed", "answer_start": 734}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mot\u00f6rhead", "answer_span": "Mot\u00f6rhead introduced a punk rock sensibility and an increasing emphasis on speed", "answer_start": 734}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one that added more aggression?", "answers": [{"text": "Metallica, Megadeth", "answer_span": ": thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer,", "answer_start": 1194}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Metallica, Megadeth", "answer_span": ": thrash metal broke into the mainstream with bands such as Metallica, Megadeth, Slayer,", "answer_start": 1194}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And one that made metal a more broad genre?", "answers": [{"text": "Pantera,", "answer_span": "hese include groove metal (with bands such as Pantera, Sepultura, and Lamb of God", "answer_start": 1488}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pantera,", "answer_span": "hese include groove metal (with bands such as Pantera, Sepultura, and Lamb of God", "answer_start": 1488}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which subgenre of metal uses hip-hit influences?", "answers": [{"text": "nu metal", "answer_span": " nu metal (with bands such as Korn, Slipknot, and Linkin Park), the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop.", "answer_start": 1574}], "orig_answer": {"text": "nu metal", "answer_span": " nu metal (with bands such as Korn, Slipknot, and Linkin Park), the latter of which often incorporates elements of grunge and hip hop.", "answer_start": 1574}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which could be described as a subculture?", "answers": [{"text": "Slipknot", "answer_span": " Slipknot", "answer_start": 1609}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Slipknot", "answer_span": " Slipknot", "answer_start": 1609}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did this genre first start becoming popular?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1968,", "answer_span": "In 1968, ", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1968,", "answer_span": "In 1968, ", "answer_start": 463}, "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3l6l49wxw0xdzh64ernxiormjev54e"}], "section_title": "Heavy metal music", "background": "Heavy metal music", "title": "Heavy metal music"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The history of science is the study of the development of science and scientific knowledge, including both the natural sciences and social sciences. (The history of the arts and humanities is termed as the history of scholarship.) Science is a body of empirical, theoretical, and practical knowledge about the natural world, produced by scientists who emphasize the observation, explanation, and prediction of real world phenomena. Historiography of science, in contrast, often draws on the historical methods of both intellectual history and social history. \n\nThe English word scientist is relatively recent\u2014first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers. While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity (for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others), and scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages (for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, and Roger Bacon), the dawn of modern science is often traced back to the early modern period and in particular to the scientific revolution that took place in 16th- and 17th-century Europe. Scientific methods are considered to be so fundamental to modern science that some consider earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-scientific. Traditionally, historians of science have defined science sufficiently broadly to include those inquiries.", "qas": [{"question": "History of science What scientist is relatively recent?", "answers": [{"text": "William", "answer_span": "first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. ", "answer_start": 609}], "orig_answer": {"text": "William", "answer_span": "first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. ", "answer_start": 609}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who first coined the word scientist?", "answers": [{"text": "William Whewell", "answer_span": "first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. ", "answer_start": 609}], "orig_answer": {"text": "William Whewell", "answer_span": "first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century. ", "answer_start": 609}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "19th century.", "answer_span": "The English word scientist is relatively recent\u2014first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century.", "answer_start": 561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "19th century.", "answer_span": "The English word scientist is relatively recent\u2014first coined by William Whewell in the 19th century.", "answer_start": 561}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did people call themselves before scientists?", "answers": [{"text": "natural philosophers", "answer_span": "Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers", "answer_start": 662}], "orig_answer": {"text": "natural philosophers", "answer_span": "Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers", "answer_start": 662}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they investigate?", "answers": [{"text": "nature", "answer_span": "Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers", "answer_start": 662}], "orig_answer": {"text": "nature", "answer_span": "Previously, people investigating nature called themselves natural philosophers", "answer_start": 662}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was one of the people who described these investigations?", "answers": [{"text": "Roger Bacon", "answer_span": " (for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, and Roger Bacon), the dawn of modern", "answer_start": 952}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Roger Bacon", "answer_span": " (for example, by Ibn al-Haytham, and Roger Bacon), the dawn of modern", "answer_start": 952}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Thales describe?", "answers": [{"text": "natural world", "answer_span": "While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity (for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others), ", "answer_start": 742}], "orig_answer": {"text": "natural world", "answer_span": "While empirical investigations of the natural world have been described since classical antiquity (for example, by Thales, Aristotle, and others), ", "answer_start": 742}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Recently?", "answers": [{"text": "16th- and 17th-century", "answer_span": "the dawn of modern science is often traced back to the early modern period and in particular to the scientific revolution that took place in 16th- and 17th-century Europe", "answer_start": 1004}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16th- and 17th-century", "answer_span": "the dawn of modern science is often traced back to the early modern period and in particular to the scientific revolution that took place in 16th- and 17th-century Europe", "answer_start": 1004}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What has been employed since the Middle Ages?", "answers": [{"text": "scientific methods", "answer_span": " scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages ", "answer_start": 892}], "orig_answer": {"text": "scientific methods", "answer_span": " scientific methods have been employed since the Middle Ages ", "answer_start": 892}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is science defined broadly?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Scientific methods are considered to be so fundamental to modern science that some consider earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-scientific", "answer_start": 1176}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Scientific methods are considered to be so fundamental to modern science that some consider earlier inquiries into nature to be pre-scientific", "answer_start": 1176}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What have historians of science defined science sufficiently?", "answers": [{"text": "Traditionally", "answer_span": "Traditionally, historians of science have defined science sufficiently broadly to include those inquiries.", "answer_start": 1320}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Traditionally", "answer_span": "Traditionally, historians of science have defined science sufficiently broadly to include those inquiries.", "answer_start": 1320}, "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3xm0hyn6nkzzktlgnc8opg8unv9pet"}], "section_title": "History of science", "background": "History of science", "title": "History of science"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Florida i/\u02c8fl\u0252r\u026ad\u0259/ (Spanish for \"flowery land\") is a state located in the southeastern region of the United States. The state is bordered to the west by the Gulf of Mexico, to the north by Alabama and Georgia, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, and to the south by the Straits of Florida and the sovereign state of Cuba. Florida is the 22nd most extensive, the 3rd most populous, and the 8th most densely populated of the United States. Jacksonville is the most populous city in Florida, and the largest city by area in the contiguous United States. The Miami metropolitan area is the eighth-largest metropolitan area in the United States. Tallahassee is the state capital. \n\nA peninsula between the Gulf of Mexico, the Atlantic Ocean, and the Straits of Florida, it has the longest coastline in the contiguous United States, approximately 1,350 miles (2,170 km), and is the only state that borders both the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean. Much of the state is at or near sea level and is characterized by sedimentary soil. The climate varies from subtropical in the north to tropical in the south. The American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park.", "qas": [{"question": "Florida What are Florida's surounding bodies of water?", "answers": [{"text": "the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": "he Gulf of Mexico", "answer_start": 155}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Gulf of Mexico and the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": "he Gulf of Mexico", "answer_start": 155}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does Florida rank with other US states for poulation?", "answers": [{"text": "the 3rd most populous", "answer_span": "the 3rd most populou", "answer_start": 358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 3rd most populous", "answer_span": "the 3rd most populou", "answer_start": 358}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of big cat is found in Florida\"", "answers": [{"text": "Florida panther", "answer_span": " Florida panther", "answer_start": 1150}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Florida panther", "answer_span": " Florida panther", "answer_start": 1150}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what is it's capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Tallahassee", "answer_span": " Tallahassee", "answer_start": 640}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tallahassee", "answer_span": " Tallahassee", "answer_start": 640}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does its name mean?", "answers": [{"text": "flowery land", "answer_span": "flowery land", "answer_start": 34}], "orig_answer": {"text": "flowery land", "answer_span": "flowery land", "answer_start": 34}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In which language?", "answers": [{"text": "Spanish", "answer_span": "Spanish", "answer_start": 21}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Spanish", "answer_span": "Spanish", "answer_start": 21}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long is its coastline?", "answers": [{"text": "1,350 miles", "answer_span": " 1,350 miles", "answer_start": 840}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1,350 miles", "answer_span": " 1,350 miles", "answer_start": 840}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it true that Florida has alligators but no crocodiles?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park.", "answer_start": 1107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The American alligator, American crocodile, Florida panther, and manatee can be found in the Everglades National Park.", "answer_start": 1107}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which city in it is the most populous?", "answers": [{"text": "Miami", "answer_span": " Miami ", "answer_start": 554}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Miami", "answer_span": " Miami ", "answer_start": 554}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of soil is there?", "answers": [{"text": "sedimentary soil", "answer_span": " sedimentary soil", "answer_start": 1013}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sedimentary soil", "answer_span": " sedimentary soil", "answer_start": 1013}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the name of a National park there?", "answers": [{"text": "Everglades National Park", "answer_span": "Everglades National Park", "answer_start": 1200}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Everglades National Park", "answer_span": "Everglades National Park", "answer_start": 1200}, "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "31qtrg6q2tdxqy27ndkiwj0a57xyp0"}], "section_title": "Florida", "background": "Florida", "title": "Florida"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Nation of Islam, abbreviated as NOI, is an African American political and religious movement, founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad on July 4, 1930. Its stated goals are to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity. Critics have described the organization as being black supremacist and antisemitic. The Southern Poverty Law Center tracks the NOI as a hate group. Its official newspaper is \"The Final Call\". In 2007, the core membership was estimated to be between 20,000 and 50,000. \n\nAfter Fard disappeared in June 1934, the Nation of Islam was led by Elijah Muhammad, who established places of worship (called Temples or Mosques), a school named Muhammad University of Islam, farms, and real estate holdings in the United States and abroad. The Nation has long been a strong advocate of African-American businesses. \n\nThere were a number of splits and splinter groups during Elijah Muhammad's leadership, most notably the departure of senior leader Malcolm X to become a Sunni Muslim. After Elijah Muhammad's death in 1975, his son, Warith Deen Mohammed, changed the name of the organization to \"World Community of Islam in the West\" (and twice more after that), and attempted to convert it to a mainstream Sunni Muslim ideology.", "qas": [{"question": "Nation What is the religious and political movement discussed in the article?", "answers": [{"text": "The Nation of Islam.", "answer_span": "The Nation of Islam,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Nation of Islam.", "answer_span": "The Nation of Islam,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is it abbreviated?", "answers": [{"text": "NOI.", "answer_span": "The Nation of Islam, abbreviated as NOI,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "NOI.", "answer_span": "The Nation of Islam, abbreviated as NOI,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "Detroit, Michigan.", "answer_span": " founded in Detroit, Michigan", "answer_start": 97}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Detroit, Michigan.", "answer_span": " founded in Detroit, Michigan", "answer_start": 97}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Wallace D. Fard Muhammad.", "answer_span": "founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad", "answer_start": 98}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wallace D. Fard Muhammad.", "answer_span": "founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad", "answer_start": 98}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "July 4, 1930.", "answer_span": "founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad on July 4, 1930.", "answer_start": 98}], "orig_answer": {"text": "July 4, 1930.", "answer_span": "founded in Detroit, Michigan, United States, by Wallace D. Fard Muhammad on July 4, 1930.", "answer_start": 98}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its print publication?", "answers": [{"text": "\"The Final Call\".", "answer_span": " Its official newspaper is \"The Final Call\".", "answer_start": 484}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"The Final Call\".", "answer_span": " Its official newspaper is \"The Final Call\".", "answer_start": 484}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "As of 2007, how many members did it boast?", "answers": [{"text": "Between 20,000 and 50,000.", "answer_span": " In 2007, the core membership was estimated to be between 20,000 and 50,000. \n", "answer_start": 528}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Between 20,000 and 50,000.", "answer_span": " In 2007, the core membership was estimated to be between 20,000 and 50,000. \n", "answer_start": 528}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are its purported aims?", "answers": [{"text": "Improve the condition of African Americans in the US and all of humanity.", "answer_span": "stated goals are to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity.", "answer_start": 192}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Improve the condition of African Americans in the US and all of humanity.", "answer_span": "stated goals are to improve the spiritual, mental, social, and economic condition of African Americans in the United States and all of humanity.", "answer_start": 192}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How do those critical of it describe it?", "answers": [{"text": "Black supremacist and antisemitic.", "answer_span": "Critics have described the organization as being black supremacist and antisemitic.", "answer_start": 337}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Black supremacist and antisemitic.", "answer_span": "Critics have described the organization as being black supremacist and antisemitic.", "answer_start": 337}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who considers it a hate group?", "answers": [{"text": "The Southern Poverty Law Center.", "answer_span": " The Southern Poverty Law Center tracks the NOI as a hate group. ", "answer_start": 420}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Southern Poverty Law Center.", "answer_span": " The Southern Poverty Law Center tracks the NOI as a hate group. ", "answer_start": 420}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened to its originator?", "answers": [{"text": "Disappeared.", "answer_span": "After Fard disappeared ", "answer_start": 607}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Disappeared.", "answer_span": "After Fard disappeared ", "answer_start": 607}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "June 1934.", "answer_span": "disappeared in June 1934,", "answer_start": 618}], "orig_answer": {"text": "June 1934.", "answer_span": "disappeared in June 1934,", "answer_start": 618}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was his replacement?", "answers": [{"text": "Elijah Muhammad.", "answer_span": "Nation of Islam was led by Elijah Muhammad,", "answer_start": 648}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Elijah Muhammad.", "answer_span": "Nation of Islam was led by Elijah Muhammad,", "answer_start": 648}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of institutions did he establish?", "answers": [{"text": "Places of worship.", "answer_span": "who established places of worship", "answer_start": 692}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Places of worship.", "answer_span": "who established places of worship", "answer_start": 692}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are those named?", "answers": [{"text": "pl Temples or Mosques.", "answer_span": "places of worship (called Temples or Mosques)", "answer_start": 708}], "orig_answer": {"text": "pl Temples or Mosques.", "answer_span": "places of worship (called Temples or Mosques)", "answer_start": 708}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he create an educational institution?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " a school named Muhammad University of Islam,", "answer_start": 754}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " a school named Muhammad University of Islam,", "answer_start": 754}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it titled?", "answers": [{"text": "Muhammad University of Islam.", "answer_span": " a school named Muhammad University of Islam,", "answer_start": 754}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Muhammad University of Islam.", "answer_span": " a school named Muhammad University of Islam,", "answer_start": 754}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the group promote advocacy of?", "answers": [{"text": "African-American businesses.", "answer_span": "The Nation has long been a strong advocate of African-American businesses. ", "answer_start": 865}], "orig_answer": {"text": "African-American businesses.", "answer_span": "The Nation has long been a strong advocate of African-American businesses. ", "answer_start": 865}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What famous figure left the Nation?", "answers": [{"text": "Malcolm X", "answer_span": "most notably the departure of senior leader Malcolm X ", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Malcolm X", "answer_span": "most notably the departure of senior leader Malcolm X ", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did its head die?", "answers": [{"text": "1975", "answer_span": "After Elijah Muhammad's death in 1975, ", "answer_start": 1109}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1975", "answer_span": "After Elijah Muhammad's death in 1975, ", "answer_start": 1109}, "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3jc6vj2sabjs16mlnsxovrdmbpi5ai"}], "section_title": "Nation", "background": "Nation", "title": "Nation"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "During the American Civil War (1861\u20131865), the Union referred to the United States of America and specifically to the national government of president Abraham Lincoln and the 20 free states and 5 border states that supported it. The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that formed the Confederate States, or \"the Confederacy.\" \n\nAll of the Union's states provided soldiers for the U.S. Army, though the border areas also sent tens of thousands of soldiers to the Confederacy. The Border states were essential as a supply base for the Union invasion of the Confederacy, and Lincoln realized he could not win the war without control of them. The Northeast provided the industrial resources for a mechanized war producing large quantities of munitions and supplies, as well as financing for the war. The Midwest provided soldiers, food, horses, financial support, and training camps. Army hospitals were set up across the Union. Most states had Republican governors who energetically supported the war effort and suppressed anti-war subversion in 1863\u201364. The Democratic Party strongly supported the war in 1861 but in 1862 was split between the War Democrats and the anti-war element led by the \"Copperheads.\" The Democrats made major electoral gains in 1862 in state elections, most notably in New York. They lost ground in 1863, especially in Ohio. In 1864 the Republicans campaigned under the National Union Party banner, which attracted many War Democrats and soldiers and scored a landslide victory for Lincoln and his entire ticket.", "qas": [{"question": "Union (American Civil War) When was the American Civil War?", "answers": [{"text": "1861-1865", "answer_span": "During the American Civil War (1861\u20131865)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1861-1865", "answer_span": "During the American Civil War (1861\u20131865)", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were the names of the two sides?", "answers": [{"text": "The union and The Confederacy", "answer_span": "The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that formed the Confederate States, or \"the Confederacy.\" ", "answer_start": 229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The union and The Confederacy", "answer_span": "The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that formed the Confederate States, or \"the Confederacy.\" ", "answer_start": 229}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many states were in the Union?", "answers": [{"text": ",20 free states and 5 border states", "answer_span": ", the Union referred to the United States of America and specifically to the national government of president Abraham Lincoln and the 20 free states and 5 border states", "answer_start": 41}], "orig_answer": {"text": ",20 free states and 5 border states", "answer_span": ", the Union referred to the United States of America and specifically to the national government of president Abraham Lincoln and the 20 free states and 5 border states", "answer_start": 41}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the Confederacy?", "answers": [{"text": "11", "answer_span": " The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that formed the Confederate States, or \"the Confederacy.\" ", "answer_start": 228}], "orig_answer": {"text": "11", "answer_span": " The Union was opposed by 11 southern slave states that formed the Confederate States, or \"the Confederacy.\" ", "answer_start": 228}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did border states send soldiers to the Union or the Confederacy?", "answers": [{"text": "the Union", "answer_span": "the Union referred to the United States of America and specifically to the national government of president Abraham Lincoln and the 20 free states and 5 border states", "answer_start": 43}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Union", "answer_span": "the Union referred to the United States of America and specifically to the national government of president Abraham Lincoln and the 20 free states and 5 border states", "answer_start": 43}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did most Union states have Democratic or Republican governors?", "answers": [{"text": "Republican", "answer_span": " Most states had Republican governors ", "answer_start": 935}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Republican", "answer_span": " Most states had Republican governors ", "answer_start": 935}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they support the war?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Most states had Republican governors who energetically supported the war effort a", "answer_start": 935}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Most states had Republican governors who energetically supported the war effort a", "answer_start": 935}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which Democrats were against the war?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Copperheads.\"", "answer_span": "the anti-war element led by the \"Copperheads.\"", "answer_start": 1171}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Copperheads.\"", "answer_span": "the anti-war element led by the \"Copperheads.\"", "answer_start": 1171}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was against the Copperheads?", "answers": [{"text": "the war Democrats", "answer_span": "The Democratic Party strongly supported the war in 1861 but in 1862 was split between the War Democrats and the anti-war element led by the \"Copperheads.\" ", "answer_start": 1063}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the war Democrats", "answer_span": "The Democratic Party strongly supported the war in 1861 but in 1862 was split between the War Democrats and the anti-war element led by the \"Copperheads.\" ", "answer_start": 1063}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year did the gain in state elections?", "answers": [{"text": "1862", "answer_span": "The Democrats made major electoral gains in 1862 in state elections, most notably in New York", "answer_start": 1218}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1862", "answer_span": "The Democrats made major electoral gains in 1862 in state elections, most notably in New York", "answer_start": 1218}, "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3xc1o3lbosmbiroflf4c7lzbl33tld"}], "section_title": "Union (American Civil War)", "background": "Union (American Civil War)", "title": "Union (American Civil War)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Autonomous okrug (), occasionally also referred to as \"autonomous district\", \"autonomous area\", and \"autonomous region\", is a type of federal subject of Russia and simultaneously an administrative division type of some federal subjects. As of 2014, Russia comprises eighty-five federal subjects, of which four are autonomous okrugs. \n\nOriginally called national okrug, this type of administrative unit was created in the 1920s and widely implemented in 1930 to provide autonomy to indigenous peoples of the North. In 1977, the 1977 Soviet Constitution changed the term \"national okrugs\" to \"autonomous okrugs\" in order to emphasize that they were indeed autonomies and not simply another type of administrative and territorial division. While the 1977 Constitution stipulated that the autonomous okrugs are subordinated to the oblasts and krais, this clause was revised on December 15, 1990, when it was specified that autonomous okrugs are subordinated directly to the Russian SFSR, although they still may stay in jurisdiction of a krai or an oblast to which they were subordinated before. \n\nIn 1990, ten autonomous okrugs existed within the RSFSR. Between 2005 and 2008, the three autonomous okrugs in which the titular nationality constituted more than 30% of the population were abolished. Since then, three more have been abolished, leaving four.", "qas": [{"question": "Autonomous okrugs of Russia What is the name of the administrative unit discussed here?", "answers": [{"text": "Autonomous okrug", "answer_span": "Autonomous okrug", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Autonomous okrug", "answer_span": "Autonomous okrug", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was its original name?", "answers": [{"text": "national okrug", "answer_span": "national okrug", "answer_start": 353}], "orig_answer": {"text": "national okrug", "answer_span": "national okrug", "answer_start": 353}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it sometimes called?", "answers": [{"text": "autonomous district", "answer_span": "autonomous district", "answer_start": 55}], "orig_answer": {"text": "autonomous district", "answer_span": "autonomous district", "answer_start": 55}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it created?", "answers": [{"text": "1920s", "answer_span": "1920s", "answer_start": 421}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1920s", "answer_span": "1920s", "answer_start": 421}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it to provide?", "answers": [{"text": "provide autonomy to indigenous peoples of the North", "answer_span": "provide autonomy to indigenous peoples of the North", "answer_start": 461}], "orig_answer": {"text": "provide autonomy to indigenous peoples of the North", "answer_span": "provide autonomy to indigenous peoples of the North", "answer_start": 461}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When would it be widely used?", "answers": [{"text": "1930", "answer_span": "1930", "answer_start": 453}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1930", "answer_span": "1930", "answer_start": 453}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why was the named changed?", "answers": [{"text": "1977", "answer_span": "1977", "answer_start": 517}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1977", "answer_span": "1977", "answer_start": 517}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was it changed?", "answers": [{"text": "1977 Soviet Constitution", "answer_span": "1977 Soviet Constitution", "answer_start": 527}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1977 Soviet Constitution", "answer_span": "1977 Soviet Constitution", "answer_start": 527}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it revised?", "answers": [{"text": "1990", "answer_span": "1990", "answer_start": 886}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1990", "answer_span": "1990", "answer_start": 886}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many were in existence then?", "answers": [{"text": "ten", "answer_span": " ten", "answer_start": 1102}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ten", "answer_span": " ten", "answer_start": 1102}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many were eliminated?", "answers": [{"text": "Six", "answer_span": "three more have been abolished, leaving four.", "answer_start": 1307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Six", "answer_span": "three more have been abolished, leaving four.", "answer_start": 1307}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many federal subjects are there?", "answers": [{"text": "eighty-five", "answer_span": "eighty-five", "answer_start": 266}], "orig_answer": {"text": "eighty-five", "answer_span": "eighty-five", "answer_start": 266}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Of these how many are the type of unit discussed?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "three ", "answer_start": 1178}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "three ", "answer_start": 1178}, "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3npfyt4izc42dgjyfy8tjwf92mugxa"}], "section_title": "Autonomous okrugs of Russia", "background": "Autonomous okrugs of Russia", "title": "Autonomous okrugs of Russia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Of approximately 100 million native speakers of German in the world, roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans.[citation needed] There are an additional 80 million people of German ancestry mainly in the United States, Brazil (mainly in the South Region of the country), Argentina, Canada, South Africa, the post-Soviet states (mainly in Russia and Kazakhstan), and France, each accounting for at least 1 million.[note 2] Thus, the total number of Germans lies somewhere between 100 and more than 150 million, depending on the criteria applied (native speakers, single-ancestry ethnic Germans, partial German ancestry, etc.). \n\nConflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine. Roman emperor Augustus in 12 BC ordered the conquest of the Germans, but the catastrophic Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest resulted in the Roman Empire abandoning its plans to completely conquer Germany. Germanic peoples in Roman territory were culturally Romanized, and although much of Germany remained free of direct Roman rule, Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity by the Germans who obtained it from the Romans. In Roman-held territories with Germanic populations, the Germanic and Roman peoples intermarried, and Roman, Germanic, and Christian traditions intermingled. The adoption of Christianity would later become a major influence in the development of a common German identity.", "qas": [{"question": "Germans Who did the Germanic tribe fight?", "answers": [{"text": "Rome.", "answer_span": "Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine.", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rome.", "answer_span": "Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine.", "answer_start": 633}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was their leader?", "answers": [{"text": "Julius Caesar.", "answer_span": "forces of Rome under Julius Caesar", "answer_start": 678}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Julius Caesar.", "answer_span": "forces of Rome under Julius Caesar", "answer_start": 678}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they influence the Germans in terms of religion?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity", "answer_start": 1133}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity", "answer_start": 1133}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which one?", "answers": [{"text": "Christianity.", "answer_span": ", Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity", "answer_start": 1132}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Christianity.", "answer_span": ", Rome deeply influenced the development of German society, especially the adoption of Christianity", "answer_start": 1132}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "About how many people are native speakers of German?", "answers": [{"text": "100 million.", "answer_span": "100 million native speakers of German in the world", "answer_start": 17}], "orig_answer": {"text": "100 million.", "answer_span": "100 million native speakers of German in the world", "answer_start": 17}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does this include the total number of people that could be considered German?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes but not all do.", "answer_span": "Of approximately 100 million native speakers of German in the world, roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes but not all do.", "answer_span": "Of approximately 100 million native speakers of German in the world, roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the estimated number?", "answers": [{"text": "80 million.", "answer_span": " roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans", "answer_start": 68}], "orig_answer": {"text": "80 million.", "answer_span": " roughly 80 million consider themselves Germans", "answer_start": 68}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Rome ever manage to beat the Germans?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": " but the catastrophic Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest resulted in the Roman Empire abandoning its plans to completely conquer Germany.", "answer_start": 852}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " but the catastrophic Roman defeat at the Battle of the Teutoburg Forest resulted in the Roman Empire abandoning its plans to completely conquer Germany.", "answer_start": 852}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Caesar order them to try?", "answers": [{"text": "To have conflict with the Germanic tribes.", "answer_span": "Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine.", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "To have conflict with the Germanic tribes.", "answer_span": "Conflict between the Germanic tribes and the forces of Rome under Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine.", "answer_start": 633}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he order it?", "answers": [{"text": "The Rhine", "answer_span": "Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine", "answer_start": 699}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Rhine", "answer_span": "Julius Caesar forced major Germanic tribes to retreat to the east bank of the Rhine", "answer_start": 699}, "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "38f5oaun5ncmyx8ihrmdaxemfhgh7f"}], "section_title": "Germans", "background": "Germans", "title": "Germans"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Second Boer War (, , \"Second Freedom War\"), known variously as the Boer War, Anglo-Boer War, South African War or Anglo-Boer South African War, started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902. Britain defeated two Boer states in South Africa: the South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State. Britain was aided by its Cape Colony, the Colony of Natal and some native African allies. The British war effort was further supported by volunteers from the British Empire, including Southern Africa, the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand. Inside Britain and its Empire there also was significant opposition to the Second Boer War. \n\nBritain was overconfident and under-prepared. The Boers were very well armed and struck first, besieging Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking in early 1900, and winning important battles at Colenso, Magersfontein and Stormberg. Staggered, Britain brought in large numbers of soldiers and fought back. General Redvers Buller was replaced by Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener. They relieved the three besieged cities, and invaded the two Boer republics in late 1900. The onward marches of the British Army were so overwhelming that the Boers did not fight staged battles in defense of their homeland. Britain quickly seized control of all of the Orange Free State and Transvaal, as the civilian leadership went into hiding or exile. In conventional terms, the war was over. Britain officially annexed the two countries in 1900, and called a \"khaki election\" to give the government another six years of power in London.", "qas": [{"question": "Second Boer War When did the Boer war start?", "answers": [{"text": "October 11th 1899", "answer_span": "1 October 1899", "answer_start": 160}], "orig_answer": {"text": "October 11th 1899", "answer_span": "1 October 1899", "answer_start": 160}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it end?", "answers": [{"text": "May 31 1902", "answer_span": " 31 May 1902", "answer_start": 187}], "orig_answer": {"text": "May 31 1902", "answer_span": " 31 May 1902", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What countries fought?", "answers": [{"text": "Main two: Britain and South Africa", "answer_span": "Britain defeated two Boer states in South Africa", "answer_start": 201}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Main two: Britain and South Africa", "answer_span": "Britain defeated two Boer states in South Africa", "answer_start": 201}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was Britain confident?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Britain was overconfident and under-prepared.", "answer_start": 680}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Britain was overconfident and under-prepared.", "answer_start": 680}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did anyone aid them?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Second Boer War (, , \"Second Freedom War\"), known variously as the Boer War, Anglo-Boer War, South African War or Anglo-Boer South African War, started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902. Britain defeated two Boer states in South Africa: the South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State. Britain was aided by its Cape Colony, the Colony of Natal and some native African allies. The British war effort was further supported by volunteers from the British Empire, including Southern Africa, the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand. Inside Britain and its Empire there also was significant opposition to the Second Boer War. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Second Boer War (, , \"Second Freedom War\"), known variously as the Boer War, Anglo-Boer War, South African War or Anglo-Boer South African War, started on 11 October 1899 and ended on 31 May 1902. Britain defeated two Boer states in South Africa: the South African Republic (Republic of Transvaal) and the Orange Free State. Britain was aided by its Cape Colony, the Colony of Natal and some native African allies. The British war effort was further supported by volunteers from the British Empire, including Southern Africa, the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand. Inside Britain and its Empire there also was significant opposition to the Second Boer War. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who?", "answers": [{"text": "the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand", "answer_span": "the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand", "answer_start": 530}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand", "answer_span": "the Australian colonies, Canada, India and New Zealand", "answer_start": 530}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who attacked first?", "answers": [{"text": "The Boers", "answer_span": " The Boer", "answer_start": 725}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Boers", "answer_span": " The Boer", "answer_start": 725}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did the strike?", "answers": [{"text": "Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking", "answer_span": "Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking", "answer_start": 785}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking", "answer_span": "Ladysmith, Kimberley, and Mafeking", "answer_start": 785}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "the early 1900s", "answer_span": " early 1900", "answer_start": 822}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the early 1900s", "answer_span": " early 1900", "answer_start": 822}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did the British do in return?", "answers": [{"text": "They brought in a bunch of soldiers and fought back", "answer_span": "Britain brought in large numbers of soldiers and fought back", "answer_start": 917}], "orig_answer": {"text": "They brought in a bunch of soldiers and fought back", "answer_span": "Britain brought in large numbers of soldiers and fought back", "answer_start": 917}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they switch generals?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "General Redvers Buller was replaced by Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener.", "answer_start": 979}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "General Redvers Buller was replaced by Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener.", "answer_start": 979}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the old one?", "answers": [{"text": "General Redvers Buller", "answer_span": "General Redvers Buller", "answer_start": 979}], "orig_answer": {"text": "General Redvers Buller", "answer_span": "General Redvers Buller", "answer_start": 979}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And who took over for him?", "answers": [{"text": "Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener", "answer_span": "Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener.", "answer_start": 1018}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener", "answer_span": "Lord Roberts and Lord Kitchener.", "answer_start": 1018}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Britain officially annex the countries?", "answers": [{"text": "1900", "answer_span": "1900", "answer_start": 1496}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1900", "answer_span": "1900", "answer_start": 1496}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did the call for?", "answers": [{"text": "\"khaki election\"", "answer_span": " \"khaki election\"", "answer_start": 1514}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"khaki election\"", "answer_span": " \"khaki election\"", "answer_start": 1514}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it do?", "answers": [{"text": "gives the government another six years of power in London.", "answer_span": "give the government another six years of power in London.", "answer_start": 1535}], "orig_answer": {"text": "gives the government another six years of power in London.", "answer_span": "give the government another six years of power in London.", "answer_start": 1535}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zj41q"}], "section_title": "Second Boer War", "background": "Second Boer War", "title": "Second Boer War"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The PlayStation Portable (PSP) (\u1d0a\u1d18 \u30d7\u30ec\u30a4\u30b9\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30fb\u30dd\u30fc\u30bf\u30d6\u30eb) is a handheld game console developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. Development of the handheld was announced during E3 2003, and it was unveiled on , 2004, at a Sony press conference before E3\u00a02004. The system was released in Japan on , 2004, in North America on , 2005, and in the PAL region on , 2005. It primarily competed with the Nintendo DS, as part of the seventh generation of video games consoles. \n\nThe PlayStation Portable became the most powerful portable system when launched, just after the Nintendo DS in 2004. It was the first real competitor to Nintendo's handheld domination, where many challengers, such as SNK's Neo Geo Pocket and Nokia's N-Gage, failed. Its GPU encompassed high-end graphics on a handheld, while its 4.3 inch viewing screen and multi-media capabilities, such as its video player and TV tuner, made the PlayStation Portable a major mobile entertainment device at the time. It also features connectivity with the PlayStation 3, other PSPs and the Internet. It is the only handheld console to use an optical disc format, Universal Media Disc (UMD), as its primary storage medium. \n\nThe original PSP model (PSP-1000) was replaced by a slimmer model with design changes (PSP-2000/\"Slim & Lite\") in 2007. Another remodeling followed in 2008, PSP-3000, which included a new screen and an inbuilt microphone. A complete redesign, PSP Go, came in 2009, followed by a budget model, PSP-E1000, in 2011. The PSP line was succeeded by the PlayStation Vita, released in December 2011 in Japan, and in February 2012 worldwide. The PlayStation Vita features backward compatibility with many PlayStation Portable games digitally released on the PlayStation Network, via PlayStation Store. As of 2017, this is the primary method to purchase PlayStation Portable games digitally because Sony shut down direct access to the PlayStation Store via PSP on March 31, 2016. Shipments of PlayStation Portable hardware ended throughout 2014 worldwide, having sold 80 million units in its 10-year lifetime. Worldwide production of software UMDs ended when the last Japanese factory closed by the end of 2016.", "qas": [{"question": "PlayStation Portable When was the PlayStation Portable released?", "answers": [{"text": "2004.", "answer_span": "he PlayStation Portable became the most powerful portable system when launched, just after the Nintendo DS in 2004.", "answer_start": 464}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2004.", "answer_span": "he PlayStation Portable became the most powerful portable system when launched, just after the Nintendo DS in 2004.", "answer_start": 464}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it the least powerful at that time?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": " PlayStation Portable became the most powerful portable system when launched", "answer_start": 466}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " PlayStation Portable became the most powerful portable system when launched", "answer_start": 466}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What came out just prior to it?", "answers": [{"text": "Nintendo DS.", "answer_span": "just after the Nintendo DS ", "answer_start": 544}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Nintendo DS.", "answer_span": "just after the Nintendo DS ", "answer_start": 544}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What size was the screen?", "answers": [{"text": "4.3 inch.", "answer_span": "while its 4.3 inch viewing screen ", "answer_start": 782}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4.3 inch.", "answer_span": "while its 4.3 inch viewing screen ", "answer_start": 782}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could it play movies?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " its video player and TV tuner,", "answer_start": 853}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " its video player and TV tuner,", "answer_start": 853}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How?", "answers": [{"text": "Video player.", "answer_span": " its video player ", "answer_start": 853}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Video player.", "answer_span": " its video player ", "answer_start": 853}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could you watch TV with it?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " its video player and TV tuner, ", "answer_start": 853}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " its video player and TV tuner, ", "answer_start": 853}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How?", "answers": [{"text": "TV tuner.", "answer_span": " its video player and TV tuner,", "answer_start": 853}], "orig_answer": {"text": "TV tuner.", "answer_span": " its video player and TV tuner,", "answer_start": 853}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of disc format did it use?", "answers": [{"text": "Optical.", "answer_span": "use an optical disc format,", "answer_start": 1082}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Optical.", "answer_span": "use an optical disc format,", "answer_start": 1082}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of storage did it utilize?", "answers": [{"text": "UMD.", "answer_span": " Universal Media Disc (UMD), as its primary storage medium. ", "answer_start": 1109}], "orig_answer": {"text": "UMD.", "answer_span": " Universal Media Disc (UMD), as its primary storage medium. ", "answer_start": 1109}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Universal Media Disc.", "answer_span": " Universal Media Disc (UMD)", "answer_start": 1109}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Universal Media Disc.", "answer_span": " Universal Media Disc (UMD)", "answer_start": 1109}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who made the PlayStation?", "answers": [{"text": "Sony.", "answer_span": "game console developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. Development", "answer_start": 66}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sony.", "answer_span": "game console developed by Sony Computer Entertainment. Development", "answer_start": 66}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was PSP Go released?", "answers": [{"text": "2009.", "answer_span": "PSP Go, came in 2009,", "answer_start": 1414}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2009.", "answer_span": "PSP Go, came in 2009,", "answer_start": 1414}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the Vita get released in the US?", "answers": [{"text": "February 2012.", "answer_span": "Vita, released in December 2011 in Japan, and in February 2012 worldwide.", "answer_start": 1530}], "orig_answer": {"text": "February 2012.", "answer_span": "Vita, released in December 2011 in Japan, and in February 2012 worldwide.", "answer_start": 1530}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it backward compatible?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "he PlayStation Vita features backward compatibility", "answer_start": 1605}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "he PlayStation Vita features backward compatibility", "answer_start": 1605}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could it play games downloaded digitally?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "compatibility with many PlayStation Portable games digitally released on the PlayStation Network", "answer_start": 1643}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "compatibility with many PlayStation Portable games digitally released on the PlayStation Network", "answer_start": 1643}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From where?", "answers": [{"text": "PlayStation Network,", "answer_span": "games digitally released on the PlayStation Network, ", "answer_start": 1688}], "orig_answer": {"text": "PlayStation Network,", "answer_span": "games digitally released on the PlayStation Network, ", "answer_start": 1688}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Through what other site?", "answers": [{"text": "PlayStation Store.", "answer_span": "Portable games digitally released on the PlayStation Network, via PlayStation Store.", "answer_start": 1679}], "orig_answer": {"text": "PlayStation Store.", "answer_span": "Portable games digitally released on the PlayStation Network, via PlayStation Store.", "answer_start": 1679}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the PlayStation Store still usable directly?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Sony shut down direct access to the PlayStation Store via PSP ", "answer_start": 1860}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Sony shut down direct access to the PlayStation Store via PSP ", "answer_start": 1860}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it end?", "answers": [{"text": "March 31, 2016.", "answer_span": "Sony shut down direct access to the PlayStation Store via PSP on March 31, 2016. Shipments of PlayStation Portable hardware ended throughout 2014 worldwide,", "answer_start": 1860}], "orig_answer": {"text": "March 31, 2016.", "answer_span": "Sony shut down direct access to the PlayStation Store via PSP on March 31, 2016. Shipments of PlayStation Portable hardware ended throughout 2014 worldwide,", "answer_start": 1860}, "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "39ghhavomfrl6glp3trrjyar1iy4jd"}], "section_title": "PlayStation Portable", "background": "PlayStation Portable", "title": "PlayStation Portable"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300, and can be crimson, black, dark blue, yellow, green, orange, and pink. \"White\" grapes are actually green in color, and are evolutionarily derived from the purple grape. Mutations in two regulatory genes of white grapes turn off production of anthocyanins, which are responsible for the color of purple grapes. Anthocyanins and other pigment chemicals of the larger family of polyphenols in purple grapes are responsible for the varying shades of purple in red wines. Grapes are typically an ellipsoid shape resembling a prolate spheroid. \n\nThe cultivation of the domesticated grape began 6,000\u20138,000 years ago in the Near East. Yeast, one of the earliest domesticated microorganisms, occurs naturally on the skins of grapes, leading to the innovation of alcoholic drinks such as wine. The earliest archeological evidence for a dominant position of wine-making in human culture dates from 8,000 years ago in Georgia. The oldest winery was found in Armenia, dating to around 4000 BC.[citation needed] By the 9th century AD the city of Shiraz was known to produce some of the finest wines in the Middle East. Thus it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz, a city in Persia where the grape was used to make Shirazi wine.[citation needed] Ancient Egyptian hieroglyphics record the cultivation of purple grapes,[citation needed] and history attests to the ancient Greeks, Phoenicians, and Romans growing purple grapes for both eating and wine production[citation needed]. The growing of grapes would later spread to other regions in Europe, as well as North Africa, and eventually in North America.", "qas": [{"question": "Grape What is Syrah named after?", "answers": [{"text": "Shiraz", "answer_span": "it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz", "answer_start": 1174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Shiraz", "answer_span": "it has been proposed that Syrah red wine is named after Shiraz", "answer_start": 1174}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was that?", "answers": [{"text": "Persia", "answer_span": "a city in Persia", "answer_start": 1238}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Persia", "answer_span": "a city in Persia", "answer_start": 1238}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What color is Syrah wine?", "answers": [{"text": "red", "answer_span": "Syrah red wine", "answer_start": 1200}], "orig_answer": {"text": "red", "answer_span": "Syrah red wine", "answer_start": 1200}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What color are white grapes?", "answers": [{"text": "green", "answer_span": "\"White\" grapes are actually green in color", "answer_start": 134}], "orig_answer": {"text": "green", "answer_span": "\"White\" grapes are actually green in color", "answer_start": 134}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what are they derived from?", "answers": [{"text": "from the purple grape", "answer_span": "derived from the purple grape", "answer_start": 201}], "orig_answer": {"text": "from the purple grape", "answer_span": "derived from the purple grape", "answer_start": 201}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What fruit grows in clusters?", "answers": [{"text": "Grapes", "answer_span": "Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Grapes", "answer_span": "Grapes are a type of fruit that grow in clusters of 15 to 300", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Of how many?", "answers": [{"text": "15 to 300", "answer_span": "clusters of 15 to 300", "answer_start": 40}], "orig_answer": {"text": "15 to 300", "answer_span": "clusters of 15 to 300", "answer_start": 40}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is their shape?", "answers": [{"text": "ellipsoid", "answer_span": "Grapes are typically an ellipsoid shape resembling a prolate spheroid", "answer_start": 530}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ellipsoid", "answer_span": "Grapes are typically an ellipsoid shape resembling a prolate spheroid", "answer_start": 530}, "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3rrcefrb7mcfoxndf1ealaret2ub4i"}], "section_title": "Grape", "background": "Grape", "title": "Grape"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles, the largest European island, and the ninth-largest island in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61\u00a0million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago. \n\nThe island is dominated by a maritime climate with quite narrow temperature differences between seasons. Politically, the island is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and constitutes most of its territory. Most of England, Scotland, and Wales are on the island. The term \"Great Britain\" often extends to include surrounding islands that form part of England, Scotland, and Wales, and is also sometimes loosely applied to the UK as a whole. \n\nA single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union. More than a hundred years before, in 1603, King James VI, King of Scots, had inherited the throne of England, but it was not until 1707 that the two countries' parliaments agreed to form a political union. In 1801, Great Britain united with the neighbouring Kingdom of Ireland, forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, which was renamed the \"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\" after the Irish Free State seceded in 1922.", "qas": [{"question": "Great Britain is the article discussing a land locked country?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "reat Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe", "answer_start": 1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "reat Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe", "answer_start": 1}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it?", "answers": [{"text": "a large island", "answer_span": "Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a large island", "answer_span": "Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where?", "answers": [{"text": "in the north Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": "s a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. ", "answer_start": 39}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the north Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": "s a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. ", "answer_start": 39}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Great Britain", "answer_span": "Great Britain", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Great Britain", "answer_span": "Great Britain", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "Britain", "answer_span": "Great Britain, also known as Britain", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Britain", "answer_span": "Great Britain, also known as Britain", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it the 12 biggest island in the world?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "and the ninth-largest island in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61\u00a0million people, making", "answer_start": 229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "and the ninth-largest island in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61\u00a0million people, making", "answer_start": 229}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what rank is it?", "answers": [{"text": "9th", "answer_span": "and the ninth-largest island in the world. ", "answer_start": 229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "9th", "answer_span": "and the ninth-largest island in the world. ", "answer_start": 229}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many people live there?", "answers": [{"text": "aboutt 61\u00a0million people,", "answer_span": "population of about 61\u00a0million people,", "answer_start": 297}], "orig_answer": {"text": "aboutt 61\u00a0million people,", "answer_span": "population of about 61\u00a0million people,", "answer_start": 297}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "as of when?", "answers": [{"text": ". In 2011", "answer_span": ". In 2011 the", "answer_start": 270}], "orig_answer": {"text": ". In 2011", "answer_span": ". In 2011 the", "answer_start": 270}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is that the largest population of any island?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "rld's third-most populous island after Java", "answer_start": 352}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "rld's third-most populous island after Java", "answer_start": 352}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the most populated one?", "answers": [{"text": "Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan.", "answer_span": " third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. ", "answer_start": 357}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan.", "answer_span": " third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. ", "answer_start": 357}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did it become a single kingdom?", "answers": [{"text": "1707", "answer_span": "A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707", "answer_start": 1077}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1707", "answer_span": "A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707", "answer_start": 1077}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what made the joining official?", "answers": [{"text": "1707 Acts of Union.", "answer_span": "A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union. ", "answer_start": 1077}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1707 Acts of Union.", "answer_span": "A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union. ", "answer_start": 1077}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what two lands combined?", "answers": [{"text": "Kingdom of Englandand the Kingdom of Scotland", "answer_span": " single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union", "answer_start": 1078}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kingdom of Englandand the Kingdom of Scotland", "answer_span": " single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England (which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union", "answer_start": 1078}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what Scottish monarch ruled the land?", "answers": [{"text": "King Jame", "answer_span": "More than a hundred years before, in 1603, King James VI, King of Scots", "answer_start": 1293}], "orig_answer": {"text": "King Jame", "answer_span": "More than a hundred years before, in 1603, King James VI, King of Scots", "answer_start": 1293}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "16003", "answer_span": " in 1603, King James VI, King of Scots,", "answer_start": 1326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16003", "answer_span": " in 1603, King James VI, King of Scots,", "answer_start": 1326}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did the UK form?", "answers": [{"text": "1922", "answer_span": "\"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\" after the Irish Free State seceded in 1922.", "answer_start": 1650}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1922", "answer_span": "\"United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland\" after the Irish Free State seceded in 1922.", "answer_start": 1650}, "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3180jw2ot4c32zpphya1oqg51ewj50"}], "section_title": "Great Britain", "background": "Great Britain", "title": "Great Britain"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England, located east-southeast of Charing Cross. It is located within the Royal Borough of Greenwich, to which it lends its name. \n\nGreenwich is notable for its maritime history and for giving its name to the Greenwich Meridian (0\u00b0 longitude) and Greenwich Mean Time. The town became the site of a royal palace, the Palace of Placentia from the 15th century, and was the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. The palace fell into disrepair during the English Civil War and was rebuilt as the Royal Naval Hospital for Sailors by Sir Christopher Wren and his assistant Nicholas Hawksmoor. These buildings became the Royal Naval College in 1873, and they remained an establishment for military education until 1998 when they passed into the hands of the Greenwich Foundation. The historic rooms within these buildings remain open to the public; other buildings are used by University of Greenwich and Trinity Laban Conservatoire of Music and Dance. \n\nThe town became a popular resort in the 18th century and many grand houses were built there, such as Vanbrugh Castle (1717) established on Maze Hill, next to the park. From the Georgian period estates of houses were constructed above the town centre. The maritime connections of Greenwich were celebrated in the 20th century, with the siting of the \"Cutty Sark\" and \"Gipsy Moth IV\" next to the river front, and the National Maritime Museum in the former buildings of the Royal Hospital School in 1934. Greenwich formed part of Kent until 1889 when the County of London was created.", "qas": [{"question": "Greenwich what country is the town the article is covering in?", "answers": [{"text": "England", "answer_span": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "England", "answer_span": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it named?", "answers": [{"text": "Greenwich", "answer_span": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greenwich", "answer_span": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it?", "answers": [{"text": "London", "answer_span": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "London", "answer_span": "Greenwich (, , or ) is an area of south east London, England", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did it become a vacation hot spot?", "answers": [{"text": "18th century", "answer_span": "The town became a popular resort in the 18th century", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18th century", "answer_span": "The town became a popular resort in the 18th century", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are there any famous buildings there?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The town became a popular resort in the 18th century and many grand houses were built there, such as Vanbrugh Castle ", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The town became a popular resort in the 18th century and many grand houses were built there, such as Vanbrugh Castle ", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is one of them?", "answers": [{"text": "Vanbrugh Castle", "answer_span": "The town became a popular resort in the 18th century and many grand houses were built there, such as Vanbrugh Castle", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Vanbrugh Castle", "answer_span": "The town became a popular resort in the 18th century and many grand houses were built there, such as Vanbrugh Castle", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was that built?", "answers": [{"text": "1717", "answer_span": "Vanbrugh Castle (1717)", "answer_start": 1130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1717", "answer_span": "Vanbrugh Castle (1717)", "answer_start": 1130}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it?", "answers": [{"text": "Maze Hill", "answer_span": "Vanbrugh Castle (1717) established on Maze Hill", "answer_start": 1130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Maze Hill", "answer_span": "Vanbrugh Castle (1717) established on Maze Hill", "answer_start": 1130}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is that?", "answers": [{"text": "next to the park", "answer_span": "Vanbrugh Castle (1717) established on Maze Hill, next to the park.", "answer_start": 1130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "next to the park", "answer_span": "Vanbrugh Castle (1717) established on Maze Hill, next to the park.", "answer_start": 1130}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was the city ever the home of royalty?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " The town became the site of a royal palace", "answer_start": 321}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " The town became the site of a royal palace", "answer_start": 321}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many royals were born there?", "answers": [{"text": "many", "answer_span": "the birthplace of many Tudors", "answer_start": 421}], "orig_answer": {"text": "many", "answer_span": "the birthplace of many Tudors", "answer_start": 421}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are any named in the article?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "and was the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.", "answer_start": 413}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "and was the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I.", "answer_start": 413}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who?", "answers": [{"text": "Henry VIII and Elizabeth I", "answer_span": " the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I", "answer_start": 420}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Henry VIII and Elizabeth I", "answer_span": " the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I", "answer_start": 420}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what building was from the fifteenth century?", "answers": [{"text": "Palace of Placentia", "answer_span": "the Palace of Placentia from the 15th", "answer_start": 366}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Palace of Placentia", "answer_span": "the Palace of Placentia from the 15th", "answer_start": 366}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it still called that?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "site of a royal palace, the Palace of Placentia from the 15th century, and was the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. The palace fell into disrepair during the English Civil War and was rebuilt as the Royal Naval Hospital", "answer_start": 342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "site of a royal palace, the Palace of Placentia from the 15th century, and was the birthplace of many Tudors, including Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. The palace fell into disrepair during the English Civil War and was rebuilt as the Royal Naval Hospital", "answer_start": 342}, "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3aqf3rz558ijg1373rtl1y2d42of67"}], "section_title": "Greenwich", "background": "Greenwich", "title": "Greenwich"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Kerry was born in Aurora, Colorado and attended boarding school in Massachusetts and New Hampshire. He graduated from Yale University class of 1966 with a political science major. Kerry enlisted in the Naval Reserve in 1966, and during 1968\u20131969 served an abbreviated four-month tour of duty in South Vietnam as officer-in-charge (OIC) of a Swift Boat. For that service, he was awarded combat medals that include the Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals. Securing an early return to the United States, Kerry joined the Vietnam Veterans Against the War organization in which he served as a nationally recognized spokesman and as an outspoken opponent of the Vietnam War. He appeared in the Fulbright Hearings before the Senate Committee on Foreign Affairs where he deemed United States war policy in Vietnam to be the cause of war crimes. \n\nAfter receiving his J.D. from Boston College Law School, Kerry worked in Massachusetts as an Assistant District Attorney. He served as Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts under Michael Dukakis from 1983 to 1985 and was elected to the U.S. Senate in 1984 and was sworn in the following January. On the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, he led a series of hearings from 1987 to 1989 which were a precursor to the Iran\u2013Contra affair. Kerry was re-elected to additional terms in 1990, 1996, 2002 and 2008. In 2002, Kerry voted to authorize the President \"to use force, if necessary, to disarm Saddam Hussein\", but warned that the administration should exhaust its diplomatic avenues before launching war.", "qas": [{"question": "John Kerry What awards did Kerry receive?", "answers": [{"text": "Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals. Silver Star, Bronze Star, and three Purple Hearts.", "answer_span": " Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals.", "answer_start": 416}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals. Silver Star, Bronze Star, and three Purple Hearts.", "answer_span": " Silver Star Medal, Bronze Star Medal, and three Purple Heart Medals.", "answer_start": 416}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was he born?", "answers": [{"text": "Aurora, Colorado. Aurora, Colorado", "answer_span": "Aurora, Colorado ", "answer_start": 18}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Aurora, Colorado. Aurora, Colorado", "answer_span": "Aurora, Colorado ", "answer_start": 18}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he go to a normal public school?", "answers": [{"text": "attended boarding school. No.", "answer_span": "attended boarding school", "answer_start": 39}], "orig_answer": {"text": "attended boarding school. No.", "answer_span": "attended boarding school", "answer_start": 39}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What college did he attend?", "answers": [{"text": "Yale University. Yale University.", "answer_span": "Yale University", "answer_start": 118}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yale University. Yale University.", "answer_span": "Yale University", "answer_start": 118}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he study?", "answers": [{"text": "political science. Political Science.", "answer_span": "political science", "answer_start": 155}], "orig_answer": {"text": "political science. Political Science.", "answer_span": "political science", "answer_start": 155}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What war did he serve in?", "answers": [{"text": "South Vietnam. The Vietnam War.", "answer_span": "South Vietnam", "answer_start": 295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "South Vietnam. The Vietnam War.", "answer_span": "South Vietnam", "answer_start": 295}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he do any other schooling?", "answers": [{"text": ".D. from Boston College Law School. Yes.", "answer_span": ".D. from Boston College Law School,", "answer_start": 892}], "orig_answer": {"text": ".D. from Boston College Law School. Yes.", "answer_span": ".D. from Boston College Law School,", "answer_start": 892}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What degree did he get?", "answers": [{"text": "J.D. . J.D.", "answer_span": " J.D. ", "answer_start": 890}], "orig_answer": {"text": "J.D. . J.D.", "answer_span": " J.D. ", "answer_start": 890}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What committee was he on?", "answers": [{"text": "Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Senate Foreign Relations Committee.", "answer_span": "Senate Foreign Relations Committee", "answer_start": 1173}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Senate Foreign Relations Committee. Senate Foreign Relations Committee.", "answer_span": "Senate Foreign Relations Committee", "answer_start": 1173}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was his last election?", "answers": [{"text": "2008. In 2008.", "answer_span": "2008", "answer_start": 1370}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2008. In 2008.", "answer_span": "2008", "answer_start": 1370}, "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "32m8bpygatm5nlu3gc8sgmsudwagi3"}], "section_title": "John Kerry", "background": "John Kerry", "title": "John Kerry"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Louvre () or the Louvre Museum is the world's largest art museum and an historic monument in Paris, France. A central landmark of the city, it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward). Approximately 38,000\u00a0objects from prehistory to the 21st century are exhibited over an area of 72,735 square metres (782,910 square feet). The Louvre in 2016 was the world's most visited art museum, receiving 7.3 million visitors. \n\nThe museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th\u00a0century under Philip\u00a0II. Remnants of the fortress are visible in the basement of the museum. Due to the urban expansion of the city, the fortress eventually lost its defensive function and, in 1546, was converted by Francis I into the main residence of the French Kings. The building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682, Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household, leaving the Louvre primarily as a place to display the royal collection, including, from 1692, a collection of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture. In 1692, the building was occupied by the Acad\u00e9mie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres and the Acad\u00e9mie Royale de Peinture et de Sculpture, which in 1699 held the first of a series of salons. The Acad\u00e9mie remained at the Louvre for 100 years. During the French Revolution, the National Assembly decreed that the Louvre should be used as a museum to display the nation's masterpieces.", "qas": [{"question": "Louvre What's the main point?", "answers": [{"text": "The Louvre Museum", "answer_span": " the Louvre Museum ", "answer_start": 16}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Louvre Museum", "answer_span": " the Louvre Museum ", "answer_start": 16}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "A.k.a?", "answers": [{"text": "The Louvre.", "answer_span": "The Louvre () or the Louvre Museum ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Louvre.", "answer_span": "The Louvre () or the Louvre Museum ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what city if it located?", "answers": [{"text": "Paris.", "answer_span": " an historic monument in Paris, France.", "answer_start": 72}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paris.", "answer_span": " an historic monument in Paris, France.", "answer_start": 72}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where in the city?", "answers": [{"text": "On the Right Bank of the Seine.", "answer_span": "it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward).", "answer_start": 144}], "orig_answer": {"text": "On the Right Bank of the Seine.", "answer_span": "it is located on the Right Bank of the Seine in the city's 1st arrondissement (district or ward).", "answer_start": 144}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And within what walls?", "answers": [{"text": "The Louvre Palace.", "answer_span": "The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace", "answer_start": 475}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Louvre Palace.", "answer_span": "The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace", "answer_start": 475}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what century was it built?", "answers": [{"text": "12th\u00a0century.", "answer_span": "The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th\u00a0century under Philip\u00a0II.", "answer_start": 475}], "orig_answer": {"text": "12th\u00a0century.", "answer_span": "The museum is housed in the Louvre Palace, originally built as a fortress in the late 12th\u00a0century under Philip\u00a0II.", "answer_start": 475}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was king then?", "answers": [{"text": "Philip\u00a0II.", "answer_span": "built as a fortress in the late 12th\u00a0century under Philip\u00a0II.", "answer_start": 529}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Philip\u00a0II.", "answer_span": "built as a fortress in the late 12th\u00a0century under Philip\u00a0II.", "answer_start": 529}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was the place intended for its current use when constructed?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "originally built as a fortress ", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "originally built as a fortress ", "answer_start": 518}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was its purpose then?", "answers": [{"text": "A fortress .", "answer_span": "originally built as a fortress ", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A fortress .", "answer_span": "originally built as a fortress ", "answer_start": 518}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was king in 1546?", "answers": [{"text": "Francis I.", "answer_span": "1546, was converted by Francis I i", "answer_start": 759}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Francis I.", "answer_span": "1546, was converted by Francis I i", "answer_start": 759}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What change did he make?", "answers": [{"text": "Converted it into the main residence of the French Kings", "answer_span": "the fortress eventually lost its defensive function and, in 1546, was converted by Francis I into the main residence of the French Kings", "answer_start": 699}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Converted it into the main residence of the French Kings", "answer_span": "the fortress eventually lost its defensive function and, in 1546, was converted by Francis I into the main residence of the French Kings", "answer_start": 699}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Has its size stayed constant?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "he building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace", "answer_start": 838}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "he building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace", "answer_start": 838}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which king change the tradition of residing there?", "answers": [{"text": "Louis XIV.", "answer_span": "Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household, leaving the Louvre", "answer_start": 918}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Louis XIV.", "answer_span": "Louis XIV chose the Palace of Versailles for his household, leaving the Louvre", "answer_start": 918}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "1682", "answer_span": "The building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682", "answer_start": 837}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1682", "answer_span": "The building was extended many times to form the present Louvre Palace. In 1682", "answer_start": 837}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who took over the prior Kings' residence?", "answers": [{"text": "The Acad\u00e9mie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres.", "answer_span": " the building was occupied by the Acad\u00e9mie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres", "answer_start": 1132}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Acad\u00e9mie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres.", "answer_span": " the building was occupied by the Acad\u00e9mie des Inscriptions et Belles Lettres", "answer_start": 1132}, "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3v5q80fxixr0io4dwuggacw4l5e23x"}], "section_title": "Louvre", "background": "Louvre", "title": "Louvre"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner. With an area of 70,550.19 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi), Bavaria is the largest German state by land area. Its territory comprises roughly a fifth of the total land area of Germany. With 12.9\u00a0million inhabitants, it is Germany's second-most-populous state (after North Rhine-Westphalia). Bavaria's capital and largest city, Munich, is the third largest city in Germany. \n\nThe history of Bavaria stretches from its earliest settlement and formation as a duchy in the 6th century CE (AD) through the Holy Roman Empire to becoming an independent kingdom and finally a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. \n\nThe Duchy of Bavaria dates back to the year 555. In the 17th century CE (AD), the Duke of Bavaria became a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire. The Kingdom of Bavaria existed from 1806 to 1918, when Bavaria became a republic. In 1946, the Free State of Bavaria re-organised itself on democratic lines after the Second World War. \n\nBavaria has a unique culture, largely because of the state's Catholic majority (52%) and conservative traditions. Bavarians have traditionally been proud of their culture, which includes festivals such as Oktoberfest and elements of Alpine symbolism. The state also has the second largest economy among the German states by GDP figures, giving it a status as a rather wealthy German region.", "qas": [{"question": "Bavaria Which festival does Bavaria celebrate?", "answers": [{"text": "Oktoberfest", "answer_span": "which includes festivals such as Oktoberfes", "answer_start": 1242}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Oktoberfest", "answer_span": "which includes festivals such as Oktoberfes", "answer_start": 1242}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they proud?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes!", "answer_span": "Bavarians have traditionally been proud of their culture,", "answer_start": 1184}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes!", "answer_span": "Bavarians have traditionally been proud of their culture,", "answer_start": 1184}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "of what?", "answers": [{"text": "Their culture.", "answer_span": "avarians have traditionally been proud of their culture,", "answer_start": 1185}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Their culture.", "answer_span": "avarians have traditionally been proud of their culture,", "answer_start": 1185}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it part of Germany?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria is a landlocked federal state of Germany,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Bavaria, officially the Free State of Bavaria is a landlocked federal state of Germany,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it always?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "through the Holy Roman Empire to becoming an independent kingdom and finally a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. ", "answer_start": 612}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "through the Holy Roman Empire to becoming an independent kingdom and finally a state of the Federal Republic of Germany. ", "answer_start": 612}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did the duke become?", "answers": [{"text": "Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire.", "answer_span": "the Duke of Bavaria became a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire", "answer_start": 813}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire.", "answer_span": "the Duke of Bavaria became a Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire", "answer_start": 813}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How big is it in sq mi?", "answers": [{"text": "27,200 sq mi", "answer_span": "With an area of 70,550.19 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi)", "answer_start": 123}], "orig_answer": {"text": "27,200 sq mi", "answer_span": "With an area of 70,550.19 square kilometres (27,200 sq mi)", "answer_start": 123}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What  is it\u2019s population?", "answers": [{"text": "12.9\u00a0million", "answer_span": "With 12.9\u00a0million inhabitants,", "answer_start": 308}], "orig_answer": {"text": "12.9\u00a0million", "answer_span": "With 12.9\u00a0million inhabitants,", "answer_start": 308}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it have a sea/ocean around it?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "ria is a landlocked federal state of Germany", "answer_start": 42}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "ria is a landlocked federal state of Germany", "answer_start": 42}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what part of Germany is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Southeastern corner", "answer_span": "Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.", "answer_start": 79}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southeastern corner", "answer_span": "Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.", "answer_start": 79}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it formed as duchy?", "answers": [{"text": "year 555.", "answer_span": "The Duchy of Bavaria dates back to the year 555. ", "answer_start": 735}], "orig_answer": {"text": "year 555.", "answer_span": "The Duchy of Bavaria dates back to the year 555. ", "answer_start": 735}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did it become a republic?", "answers": [{"text": "1806", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Bavaria existed from 1806 to 1918", "answer_start": 883}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1806", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Bavaria existed from 1806 to 1918", "answer_start": 883}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is Bavaria the state with the most population?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": " it is Germany's second-most-populous state (after North Rhine-Westphalia).", "answer_start": 338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " it is Germany's second-most-populous state (after North Rhine-Westphalia).", "answer_start": 338}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "then what is?", "answers": [{"text": "North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "after North Rhine-Westphalia)", "answer_start": 383}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "after North Rhine-Westphalia)", "answer_start": 383}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the religion most practiced?", "answers": [{"text": "Catholicism", "answer_span": "largely because of the state's Catholic majority (52%) ", "answer_start": 1100}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Catholicism", "answer_span": "largely because of the state's Catholic majority (52%) ", "answer_start": 1100}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the capital city?", "answers": [{"text": "Munich", "answer_span": " Bavaria's capital and largest city, Munich, i", "answer_start": 413}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Munich", "answer_span": " Bavaria's capital and largest city, Munich, i", "answer_start": 413}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is this state known as rich?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " The state also has the second largest economy among the German states by GDP figures, giving it a status as a rather wealthy German region.", "answer_start": 1320}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " The state also has the second largest economy among the German states by GDP figures, giving it a status as a rather wealthy German region.", "answer_start": 1320}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it the richest in economy?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "The state also has the second largest economy among the", "answer_start": 1321}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "The state also has the second largest economy among the", "answer_start": 1321}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "then what is it?", "answers": [{"text": "The 2nd.", "answer_span": "The state also has the second largest economy among the", "answer_start": 1321}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The 2nd.", "answer_span": "The state also has the second largest economy among the", "answer_start": 1321}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "after what war did it organise itself?", "answers": [{"text": "WW2", "answer_span": " after the Second World War. ", "answer_start": 1039}], "orig_answer": {"text": "WW2", "answer_span": " after the Second World War. ", "answer_start": 1039}, "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3fprzhyepy79ff2fk40rchtfi2vv3k"}], "section_title": "Bavaria", "background": "Bavaria", "title": "Bavaria"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Liberal Party was a political party which, with the Conservative Party, was one of the two major parties in the United Kingdom in the 19th and early 20th century. \n\nThe party arose from an alliance of Whigs and free-trade Peelites and Radicals favourable to the ideals of the American and French Revolutions in the 1850s. By the end of the nineteenth century, it had formed four governments under William Gladstone. Despite splitting over the issue of Irish Home Rule, the party returned to power in 1906 with a landslide victory. \n\nIt passed the welfare reforms that created a basic British welfare state. H. H. Asquith was Liberal Prime Minister between 1908 and 1916, followed by David Lloyd George, 1916-22. Although Asquith was the Party leader, the dominant figure was Lloyd George. Asquith was overwhelmed by the wartime role of coalition prime minister, and Lloyd George replaced him as the coalition prime minister in late 1916 but Asquith remained Liberal party leader. The two fought for years over control of the party, badly weakening it in the process. Historian Martin Pugh in \"The Oxford Companion to British History\" argues that Lloyd George: \n\nThe Lloyd George coalition was dominated by the Conservative Party, which finally deposed him in 1922. By the end of the 1920s, the Labour Party had replaced the Liberals as the Conservatives' main rival. The party went into decline after 1918 and by the 1950s won no more than six seats at general elections. Apart from notable by-election victories, the party's fortunes did not improve significantly until it formed the SDP\u2013Liberal Alliance with the newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981. At the 1983 General Election, the Alliance won over a quarter of the vote, but only 23 of the 650 seats it contested. At the 1987 General Election, its vote fell below 23% and the Liberal and Social Democratic parties merged in 1988 to form the Liberal Democrats. A splinter group reconstituted the Liberal Party in 1989. It was formed by party members opposed to the merger who saw the Lib Dems diluting Liberal ideals.", "qas": [{"question": "Liberal Party (UK) How many governments were formed under William Gladsone?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": " four ", "answer_start": 377}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": " four ", "answer_start": 377}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "By the end of the nineteenth century", "answer_span": "By the end of the nineteenth century", "answer_start": 326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "By the end of the nineteenth century", "answer_span": "By the end of the nineteenth century", "answer_start": 326}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the Liberal Party return to power?", "answers": [{"text": "1981", "answer_span": "1981", "answer_start": 1665}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1981", "answer_span": "1981", "answer_start": 1665}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it a close race?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Apart from notable by-election victories, the party's fortunes did not improve significantly until it formed the SDP\u2013Liberal Alliance with the newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981. ", "answer_start": 1476}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Apart from notable by-election victories, the party's fortunes did not improve significantly until it formed the SDP\u2013Liberal Alliance with the newly formed Social Democratic Party (SDP) in 1981. ", "answer_start": 1476}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were they divided over?", "answers": [{"text": "merger", "answer_span": "merger", "answer_start": 2039}], "orig_answer": {"text": "merger", "answer_span": "merger", "answer_start": 2039}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which ideals did they favor?", "answers": [{"text": "Liberal", "answer_span": "Liberal", "answer_start": 2076}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Liberal", "answer_span": "Liberal", "answer_start": 2076}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was Liberal Prime Minister from 1908 to 1916?", "answers": [{"text": "H. H. Asquith", "answer_span": "H. H. Asquith", "answer_start": 611}], "orig_answer": {"text": "H. H. Asquith", "answer_span": "H. H. Asquith", "answer_start": 611}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who replaced him?", "answers": [{"text": "David Lloyd George", "answer_span": "David Lloyd George", "answer_start": 687}], "orig_answer": {"text": "David Lloyd George", "answer_span": "David Lloyd George", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was more dominant?", "answers": [{"text": "Lloyd George", "answer_span": " Lloyd George", "answer_start": 778}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lloyd George", "answer_span": " Lloyd George", "answer_start": 778}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What years was he the coalition prime minister?", "answers": [{"text": "1916 - 22", "answer_span": "1916", "answer_start": 936}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1916 - 22", "answer_span": "1916", "answer_start": 936}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw35bca2"}], "section_title": "Liberal Party (UK)", "background": "Liberal Party (UK)", "title": "Liberal Party (UK)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Unlike the Spanish milled dollar the U.S. dollar is based upon a decimal system of values. In addition to the dollar the coinage act officially established monetary units of mill or one-thousandth of a dollar (symbol \u20a5), cent or one-hundredth of a dollar (symbol \u00a2), dime or one-tenth of a dollar, and eagle or ten dollars, with prescribed weights and composition of gold, silver, or copper for each. It was proposed in the mid-1800s that one hundred dollars be known as a union, but no union coins were ever struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist. However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar; \"dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2, while \"eagle\" and \"mill\" are largely unknown to the general public, though mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies, and gasoline prices are usually in the form of $X.XX9 per gallon, e.g., $3.599, sometimes written as $3.599\u204410. When currently issued in circulating form, denominations equal to or less than a dollar are emitted as U.S. coins while denominations equal to or greater than a dollar are emitted as Federal Reserve notes (with the exception of gold, silver and platinum coins valued up to $100 as legal tender, but worth far more as bullion). Both one-dollar coins and notes are produced today, although the note form is significantly more common. In the past, \"paper money\" was occasionally issued in denominations less than a dollar (fractional currency) and gold coins were issued for circulation up to the value of $20 (known as the \"double eagle\", discontinued in the 1930s). The term eagle was used in the Coinage Act of 1792 for the denomination of ten dollars, and subsequently was used in naming gold coins. Paper currency less than one dollar in denomination, known as \"fractional currency\", was also sometimes pejoratively referred to as \"shinplasters\". In 1854, James Guthrie, then Secretary of the Treasury, proposed creating $100, $50 and $25 gold coins, which were referred to as a \"Union\", \"Half Union\", and \"Quarter Union\", thus implying a denomination of 1 Union = $100.", "qas": [{"question": "United States dollar What system of values is the U.S dollar based upon?", "answers": [{"text": "decimal system", "answer_span": "decimal system ", "answer_start": 65}], "orig_answer": {"text": "decimal system", "answer_span": "decimal system ", "answer_start": 65}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the value of an eagle in the U.S monetary system?", "answers": [{"text": "ten dollars", "answer_span": " eagle or ten dollars", "answer_start": 301}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ten dollars", "answer_span": " eagle or ten dollars", "answer_start": 301}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In circulating for what are denominations less than a dollar issued as?", "answers": [{"text": "cents", "answer_span": "However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar", "answer_start": 564}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cents", "answer_span": "However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar", "answer_start": 564}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the coin known as the double eagle discontinued?", "answers": [{"text": "1930s", "answer_span": " discontinued in the 1930s", "answer_start": 1575}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1930s", "answer_span": " discontinued in the 1930s", "answer_start": 1575}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are mils sometimes used for?", "answers": [{"text": "tax levies", "answer_span": "though mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies", "answer_start": 769}], "orig_answer": {"text": "tax levies", "answer_span": "though mills are sometimes used in matters of tax levies", "answer_start": 769}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who suggested  creating $100, $50, $25 gold coins in 1954?", "answers": [{"text": "James Guthrie in 1854", "answer_span": "In 1854, James Guthrie, then Secretary of the Treasury, proposed creating $100, $50 and $25 gold coins, which were referred to as a \"Union\", \"Half Union\", and", "answer_start": 1888}], "orig_answer": {"text": "James Guthrie in 1854", "answer_span": "In 1854, James Guthrie, then Secretary of the Treasury, proposed creating $100, $50 and $25 gold coins, which were referred to as a \"Union\", \"Half Union\", and", "answer_start": 1888}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the value of a Dime coin?", "answers": [{"text": "10\u00a2", "answer_span": "dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10\u00a2", "answer_span": "dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2", "answer_start": 633}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is paper currency less than one dollar sometimes called?", "answers": [{"text": "fractional currency", "answer_span": " known as \"fractional currency", "answer_start": 1792}], "orig_answer": {"text": "fractional currency", "answer_span": " known as \"fractional currency", "answer_start": 1792}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are the Union and the mill known well to the general public?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "but no union coins were ever struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist. However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar; \"dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2, while \"eagle\" and \"mill\" are largely unknown to the general public,", "answer_start": 480}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "but no union coins were ever struck and only patterns for the $50 half union exist. However, only cents are in everyday use as divisions of the dollar; \"dime\" is used solely as the name of the coin with the value of 10\u00a2, while \"eagle\" and \"mill\" are largely unknown to the general public,", "answer_start": 480}, "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "34qn5it0tzrfnb75to7yi5b04ln08o"}], "section_title": "United States dollar", "background": "United States dollar", "title": "United States dollar"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Valencia (/v\u0259\u02c8l\u025bnsi\u0259/; Spanish: [ba\u02c8len\u03b8ja]), or Val\u00e8ncia (Valencian: [va\u02c8lensia]), is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain after Madrid and Barcelona, with around 800,000 inhabitants in the administrative centre. Its urban area extends beyond the administrative city limits with a population of around 1.5 million people. Valencia is Spain's third largest metropolitan area, with a population ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million. The city has global city status. The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe and the busiest container port on the Mediterranean Sea. \n\nValencia enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade, much of it spurred by tourism and the construction industry,[citation needed] with concurrent development and expansion of telecommunications and transport. The city's economy is service-oriented, as nearly 84% of the working population is employed in service sector occupations[citation needed]. However, the city still maintains an important industrial base, with 5.5% of the population employed in this sector. Agricultural activities are still carried on in the municipality, even though of relatively minor importance with only 1.9% of the working population and 3973 hectares planted mostly in orchards and citrus groves.", "qas": [{"question": "Valencia How many people live in Valencia", "answers": [{"text": "around 800,000", "answer_span": "with around 800,000 inhabitants", "answer_start": 203}], "orig_answer": {"text": "around 800,000", "answer_span": "with around 800,000 inhabitants", "answer_start": 203}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how far does its population reach", "answers": [{"text": "beyond the administrative city limits", "answer_span": "beyond the administrative city limits", "answer_start": 288}], "orig_answer": {"text": "beyond the administrative city limits", "answer_span": "beyond the administrative city limits", "answer_start": 288}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the population of the greater area", "answers": [{"text": "around 1.5 million people", "answer_span": "around 1.5 million people", "answer_start": 347}], "orig_answer": {"text": "around 1.5 million people", "answer_span": "around 1.5 million people", "answer_start": 347}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is Valencia a major trading hub?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe", "answer_start": 511}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Port of Valencia is the 5th busiest container port in Europe", "answer_start": 511}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How busy?", "answers": [{"text": "the 5th busiest in Europe", "answer_span": "the 5th busiest container port in Europe", "answer_start": 535}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 5th busiest in Europe", "answer_span": "the 5th busiest container port in Europe", "answer_start": 535}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Sea does it lie on", "answers": [{"text": "the Mediterranean Sea", "answer_span": " the Mediterranean Sea", "answer_start": 609}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Mediterranean Sea", "answer_span": " the Mediterranean Sea", "answer_start": 609}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they in a recession?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Valencia enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade", "answer_start": 635}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Valencia enjoyed strong economic growth over the last decade", "answer_start": 635}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is keeping their economy strong?", "answers": [{"text": "tourism and the construction industry", "answer_span": "by tourism and the construction industry", "answer_start": 716}], "orig_answer": {"text": "tourism and the construction industry", "answer_span": "by tourism and the construction industry", "answer_start": 716}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what do most of the people do for work there?", "answers": [{"text": "service occupations", "answer_span": " 84% of the working population is employed in service sector occupations", "answer_start": 903}], "orig_answer": {"text": "service occupations", "answer_span": " 84% of the working population is employed in service sector occupations", "answer_start": 903}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are there any other prevalent industries?", "answers": [{"text": "industrial with 5.5%", "answer_span": "industrial base, with 5.5% of the population employed in this sector.", "answer_start": 1041}], "orig_answer": {"text": "industrial with 5.5%", "answer_span": "industrial base, with 5.5% of the population employed in this sector.", "answer_start": 1041}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is there farming in the area?", "answers": [{"text": "yes, a little", "answer_span": "Agricultural activities are still carried on in the municipality, even though of relatively minor importance with only 1.9% of the working population and 3973 hectares planted mostly in orchards and citrus groves.", "answer_start": 1111}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes, a little", "answer_span": "Agricultural activities are still carried on in the municipality, even though of relatively minor importance with only 1.9% of the working population and 3973 hectares planted mostly in orchards and citrus groves.", "answer_start": 1111}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what types of crops do they grow?", "answers": [{"text": "orchards and citrus groves", "answer_span": "orchards and citrus groves", "answer_start": 1297}], "orig_answer": {"text": "orchards and citrus groves", "answer_span": "orchards and citrus groves", "answer_start": 1297}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many of the population works as farmers?", "answers": [{"text": "1.9% of the working population", "answer_span": "1.9% of the working population", "answer_start": 1230}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1.9% of the working population", "answer_span": "1.9% of the working population", "answer_start": 1230}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is the construction industry doing?", "answers": [{"text": "developing and expanding telecommunications and transport", "answer_span": "development and expansion of telecommunications and transport", "answer_start": 791}], "orig_answer": {"text": "developing and expanding telecommunications and transport", "answer_span": "development and expansion of telecommunications and transport", "answer_start": 791}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how does valencia rank in Spain?", "answers": [{"text": "third largest city", "answer_span": "Valencia (/v\u0259\u02c8l\u025bnsi\u0259/; Spanish: [ba\u02c8len\u03b8ja]), or Val\u00e8ncia (Valencian: [va\u02c8lensia]), is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "third largest city", "answer_span": "Valencia (/v\u0259\u02c8l\u025bnsi\u0259/; Spanish: [ba\u02c8len\u03b8ja]), or Val\u00e8ncia (Valencian: [va\u02c8lensia]), is the capital of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the total population of the area?", "answers": [{"text": "ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million", "answer_span": "ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million", "answer_start": 445}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million", "answer_span": "ranging from 1.7 to 2.5 million", "answer_start": 445}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the city mainitain any status symbol?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "global city status", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "global city status", "answer_start": 491}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it?", "answers": [{"text": "global city status", "answer_span": "global city status", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "global city status", "answer_span": "global city status", "answer_start": 491}, "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3md9plukkiexs30z3k99614hbmdnzx"}], "section_title": "Valencia", "background": "Valencia", "title": "Valencia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Adobe Systems Incorporated is an American multinational computer software company. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California, United States. Adobe has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application software development. It is best known for Photoshop, an image editing software, Acrobat Reader, the Portable Document Format (PDF) and Adobe Creative Suite, as well as its successor Adobe Creative Cloud. \n\nAdobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language. In 1985, Apple Computer licensed PostScript for use in its LaserWriter printers, which helped spark the desktop publishing revolution. \n\n, Adobe Systems has about 15,000 employees worldwide, about 40% of whom work in San Jose. Adobe also has major development operations in Newton, Massachusetts; New York City, New York; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Lehi, Utah; Seattle, Washington; San Francisco and San Luis Obispo, California in the United States. \n\nThe company was started in John Warnock's garage. The name of the company, \"Adobe\", comes from Adobe Creek in Los Altos, California, which ran behind Warnock's house. Adobe's corporate logo features a stylized \"A\" and was designed by the wife of John Warnock, Marva Warnock, who is a graphic designer.", "qas": [{"question": "Adobe Systems What did John Warnock start?", "answers": [{"text": "Adobe", "answer_span": "Adobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock", "answer_start": 515}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Adobe", "answer_span": "Adobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock", "answer_start": 515}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he have any help?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "John Warnock and Charles Geschke", "answer_start": 553}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "John Warnock and Charles Geschke", "answer_start": 553}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who?", "answers": [{"text": "Charles Geschke", "answer_span": "Charles Geschke", "answer_start": 570}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Charles Geschke", "answer_span": "Charles Geschke", "answer_start": 570}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were they experienced programmers?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language", "answer_start": 587}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language", "answer_start": 587}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How do you know?", "answers": [{"text": "They developed and sold a programming language.", "answer_span": "who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language", "answer_start": 587}], "orig_answer": {"text": "They developed and sold a programming language.", "answer_span": "who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language", "answer_start": 587}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Has it become a big company?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " American multinational computer software company", "answer_start": 32}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " American multinational computer software company", "answer_start": 32}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they have any workers outside of the US?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Adobe Systems Incorporated is an American multinational computer software company. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California, United States. Adobe has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application software development. It is best known for Photoshop, an image editing software, Acrobat Reader, the Portable Document Format (PDF) and Adobe Creative Suite, as well as its successor Adobe Creative Cloud. \n\nAdobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language. In 1985, Apple Computer licensed PostScript for use in its LaserWriter printers, which helped spark the desktop publishing revolution. \n\n, Adobe Systems has about 15,000 employees worldwide", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Adobe Systems Incorporated is an American multinational computer software company. The company is headquartered in San Jose, California, United States. Adobe has historically focused upon the creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application software development. It is best known for Photoshop, an image editing software, Acrobat Reader, the Portable Document Format (PDF) and Adobe Creative Suite, as well as its successor Adobe Creative Cloud. \n\nAdobe was founded in December 1982 by John Warnock and Charles Geschke, who established the company after leaving Xerox PARC in order to develop and sell the PostScript page description language. In 1985, Apple Computer licensed PostScript for use in its LaserWriter printers, which helped spark the desktop publishing revolution. \n\n, Adobe Systems has about 15,000 employees worldwide", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where do most of their US employees work?", "answers": [{"text": "San Jose", "answer_span": "about 40% of whom work in San Jose", "answer_start": 902}], "orig_answer": {"text": "San Jose", "answer_span": "about 40% of whom work in San Jose", "answer_start": 902}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are all of their US workers in California?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " Adobe also has major development operations in Newton, Massachusetts", "answer_start": 937}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " Adobe also has major development operations in Newton, Massachusetts", "answer_start": 937}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where else?", "answers": [{"text": "Massachusetts, New York, Minnesota, Utah, Washington", "answer_span": "ewton, Massachusetts; New York City, New York; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Lehi, Utah; Seattle, Washington", "answer_start": 986}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Massachusetts, New York, Minnesota, Utah, Washington", "answer_span": "ewton, Massachusetts; New York City, New York; Minneapolis, Minnesota; Lehi, Utah; Seattle, Washington", "answer_start": 986}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many peopole work there>", "answers": [{"text": "15,000", "answer_span": "15,000 employees", "answer_start": 874}], "orig_answer": {"text": "15,000", "answer_span": "15,000 employees", "answer_start": 874}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they most famous for?", "answers": [{"text": "Photoshop", "answer_span": "It is best known for Photoshop", "answer_start": 330}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Photoshop", "answer_span": "It is best known for Photoshop", "answer_start": 330}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What other things do they make?", "answers": [{"text": "Multimedia and creativity software products, rich Internet applications", "answer_span": "creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application", "answer_start": 192}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Multimedia and creativity software products, rich Internet applications", "answer_span": "creation of multimedia and creativity software products, with a more recent foray towards rich Internet application", "answer_start": 192}, "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "373erpl3yo8mlpjsqz18tx8arzfrtw"}], "section_title": "Adobe Systems", "background": "Adobe Systems", "title": "Adobe Systems"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Sarajevo is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina, with a population of 275,524 in its current administrative limits. The Sarajevo metropolitan area, including Sarajevo Canton and East Sarajevo is home to 643,016 inhabitants. Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley of Bosnia, it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alps and situated along the Miljacka River in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans. \n\nSarajevo is the leading political, social and cultural center of Bosnia and Herzegovina, a prominent center of culture in the Balkans, with its region-wide influence in entertainment, media, fashion, and the arts. \n\nDue to its long and rich history of religious and cultural diversity, Sarajevo was sometimes called the \"Jerusalem of Europe\" or \"Jerusalem of the Balkans\". It is the only major European city to have a mosque, Catholic church, Orthodox church and synagogue within the same neighborhood. A regional center in education, the city is also home to the Balkans' first institution of tertiary education in the form of an Islamic polytechnic called the Saraybosna Osmanl\u0131 Medrese, today part of the University of Sarajevo. \n\nAlthough settlement in the area stretches back to prehistoric times, the modern city arose as an Ottoman stronghold in the 15th century. Sarajevo has attracted international attention several times throughout its history. In 1885, Sarajevo was the first city in Europe and the second city in the world to have a full-time electric tram network running through the city, following San Francisco. In 1914, it was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria that sparked World War I, after which the city experienced a period of stagnation as part of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia. The establishment of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina within the Second Yugoslavia led to a massive expansion of Sarajevo, the constituent republic's capital, which hosted the 1984 Winter Olympics. For 1,425 days, from April 1992 to February 1996, the city suffered the longest siege of a capital city in the history of modern warfare, during the Bosnian War and the breakup of Yugoslavia.", "qas": [{"question": "Sarajevo What is the Capital of Bosnia and Herzegovina?", "answers": [{"text": "Sarajevo", "answer_span": "Sarajevo is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sarajevo", "answer_span": "Sarajevo is the capital and largest city of Bosnia and Herzegovina,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the populaion?", "answers": [{"text": "275,524", "answer_span": "with a population of 275,524 i", "answer_start": 68}], "orig_answer": {"text": "275,524", "answer_span": "with a population of 275,524 i", "answer_start": 68}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a nickname of Sarajevo?", "answers": [{"text": "Jerusalem of Europe", "answer_span": "Sarajevo was sometimes called the \"Jerusalem of Europe", "answer_start": 713}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jerusalem of Europe", "answer_span": "Sarajevo was sometimes called the \"Jerusalem of Europe", "answer_start": 713}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "Jerusalem of the Balkans", "answer_span": "Sarajevo was sometimes called the \"Jerusalem of Europe\" or \"Jerusalem of the Balkans", "answer_start": 713}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jerusalem of the Balkans", "answer_span": "Sarajevo was sometimes called the \"Jerusalem of Europe\" or \"Jerusalem of the Balkans", "answer_start": 713}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the modern day city rise?", "answers": [{"text": "15th century", "answer_span": "the modern city arose as an Ottoman stronghold in the 15th century", "answer_start": 1230}], "orig_answer": {"text": "15th century", "answer_span": "the modern city arose as an Ottoman stronghold in the 15th century", "answer_start": 1230}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it surrounded by?", "answers": [{"text": "the greater Sarajevo valley", "answer_span": "Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley", "answer_start": 243}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the greater Sarajevo valley", "answer_span": "Nestled within the greater Sarajevo valley", "answer_start": 243}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What mountains surround it?", "answers": [{"text": "Dinaric Alps", "answer_span": " it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alp", "answer_start": 296}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dinaric Alps", "answer_span": " it is surrounded by the Dinaric Alp", "answer_start": 296}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What part of Europe is it located in?", "answers": [{"text": "Southeastern", "answer_span": "in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans. ", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southeastern", "answer_span": "in the heart of Southeastern Europe and the Balkans. ", "answer_start": 372}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Sarajevo the 2nd city in the world to have?", "answers": [{"text": "to have a full-time electric tram", "answer_span": "second city in the world to have a full-time electric tram ", "answer_start": 1438}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to have a full-time electric tram", "answer_span": "second city in the world to have a full-time electric tram ", "answer_start": 1438}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Behind what other city?", "answers": [{"text": "San Francisco", "answer_span": " full-time electric tram network running through the city, following San Francisco", "answer_start": 1472}], "orig_answer": {"text": "San Francisco", "answer_span": " full-time electric tram network running through the city, following San Francisco", "answer_start": 1472}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was murdered in 1914?", "answers": [{"text": "Archduke Franz Ferdinand", "answer_span": " In 1914, it was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ", "answer_start": 1555}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Archduke Franz Ferdinand", "answer_span": " In 1914, it was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand ", "answer_start": 1555}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From where?", "answers": [{"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "t was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria", "answer_start": 1566}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "t was the site of the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria", "answer_start": 1566}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did that murder cause?", "answers": [{"text": "World War I,", "answer_span": "that sparked World War I,", "answer_start": 1641}], "orig_answer": {"text": "World War I,", "answer_span": "that sparked World War I,", "answer_start": 1641}, "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "333u7hk6i9fy6c4iw4skm24xevrjd5"}], "section_title": "Sarajevo", "background": "Sarajevo", "title": "Sarajevo"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\". \n\nThe \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" is an epic narrative of the Kuruk\u1e63etra War and the fates of the Kaurava and the P\u0101\u1e47\u1e0dava princes. It also contains philosophical and devotional material, such as a discussion of the four \"goals of life\" or \"puru\u1e63\u0101rtha\" (12.161). Among the principal works and stories in the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" are the \"Bhagavadg\u012bt\u0101\", the story of Damayant\u012b, an abbreviated version of the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\", and the story of \u1e5a\u1e63yasringa, often considered as works in their own right. \n\nTraditionally, the authorship of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" is attributed to Vy\u0101sa. There have been many attempts to unravel its historical growth and compositional layers. The oldest preserved parts of the text are thought to be not much older than around 400\u00a0BCE, though the origins of the epic probably fall between the 8th and 9th centuries BCE. The text probably reached its final form by the early Gupta period (c. 4th century CE). The title may be translated as \"the great tale of the Bh\u0101rata dynasty\". According to the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" itself, the tale is extended from a shorter version of 24,000 verses called simply \"Bh\u0101rata\". \n\nThe \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" is the longest epic poem known and has been described as \"the longest poem ever written\". Its longest version consists of over 100,000 \"\u015bloka\" or over 200,000 individual verse lines (each shloka is a couplet), and long prose passages. About 1.8\u00a0million words in total, the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" is roughly ten times the length of the \"Iliad\" and the \"Odyssey\" combined, or about four times the length of the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\". W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "qas": [{"question": "Mahabharata what are the 2 major Sanskrit epics of india", "answers": [{"text": "Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata and the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\".", "answer_span": "The Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\". \n", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata and the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\".", "answer_span": "The Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the \"R\u0101m\u0101ya\u1e47a\". \n", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the longest epic poem known", "answers": [{"text": "\"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\"", "answer_span": "The \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" is the longest epic poem known", "answer_start": 1207}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\"", "answer_span": "The \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" is the longest epic poem known", "answer_start": 1207}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what has compared the importance mahabharata to that of the bible", "answers": [{"text": ". W. J. Johnson", "answer_span": ". W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible,", "answer_start": 1635}], "orig_answer": {"text": ". W. J. Johnson", "answer_span": ". W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible,", "answer_start": 1635}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is the tail extended from a shorter version", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "\"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" itself, the tale is extended from a shorter version of 24,000 verses called simply \"Bh\u0101rata\". ", "answer_start": 1097}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "\"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" itself, the tale is extended from a shorter version of 24,000 verses called simply \"Bh\u0101rata\". ", "answer_start": 1097}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is Rsyasringa concidered", "answers": [{"text": "a work in its own right.", "answer_span": "the story of \u1e5a\u1e63yasringa, often considered as works in their own right. \n", "answer_start": 506}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a work in its own right.", "answer_span": "the story of \u1e5a\u1e63yasringa, often considered as works in their own right. \n", "answer_start": 506}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was the title translated", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The title may be translated as \"the great tale of the Bh\u0101rata dynasty\".", "answer_start": 1008}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The title may be translated as \"the great tale of the Bh\u0101rata dynasty\".", "answer_start": 1008}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how old is it", "answers": [{"text": "around 400\u00a0BCE", "answer_span": "The oldest preserved parts of the text are thought to be not much older than around 400\u00a0BCE,", "answer_start": 743}], "orig_answer": {"text": "around 400\u00a0BCE", "answer_span": "The oldest preserved parts of the text are thought to be not much older than around 400\u00a0BCE,", "answer_start": 743}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it compare to a greek drama", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "answer_start": 1637}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "answer_start": 1637}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what about works of shakespear", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "answer_start": 1636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "answer_start": 1636}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and the qur an", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "answer_start": 1636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " W. J. Johnson has compared the importance of the \"Mah\u0101bh\u0101rata\" in the context of world civilization to that of the Bible, the works of Shakespeare, the works of Homer, Greek drama, or the Qur'an.", "answer_start": 1636}, "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3c44yunsi1pusn7grhx4jyq9nsypd8"}], "section_title": "Mahabharata", "background": "Mahabharata", "title": "Mahabharata"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Human Rights Watch (HRW) is a New York City-based international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. Along with HRW headquarters in New York City, the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. \n\nHuman Rights Watch in 1997 shared in the Nobel Peace Prize as a founding member of the International Campaign to Ban Landmines, and it played a leading role in the 2008 treaty banning cluster munitions. \n\nThe organization's annual expenses totaled $50.6 million in 2011 and $69.2 million in 2014. \n\nHuman Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978, under the name Helsinki Watch, to monitor the former Soviet Union's compliance with the Helsinki Accords. Helsinki Watch adopted a practice of publicly \"naming and shaming\" abusive governments through media coverage and through direct exchanges with policymakers. By shining the international spotlight on human rights violations in the Soviet Union and its European partners, Helsinki Watch says it contributed to the democratic transformations of the region in the late 1980s. \n\nAmericas Watch was founded in 1981 while bloody civil wars engulfed Central America. Relying on extensive on-the-ground fact-finding, Americas Watch not only addressed perceived abuses by government forces but also applied international humanitarian law to investigate and expose war crimes by rebel groups. In addition to raising its concerns in the affected countries, Americas Watch also examined the role played by foreign governments, particularly the United States government, in providing military and political support to abusive regimes.", "qas": [{"question": "Human Rights Watch When was HRW started?", "answers": [{"text": "1978", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978,", "answer_start": 707}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1978", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978,", "answer_start": 707}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By who?", "answers": [{"text": "Robert L. Bernstein", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978,", "answer_start": 707}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Robert L. Bernstein", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978,", "answer_start": 707}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the first name?", "answers": [{"text": "Helsinki Watch", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978, under the name Helsinki Watch", "answer_start": 707}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Helsinki Watch", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978, under the name Helsinki Watch", "answer_start": 707}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it worried the Soviet Union would not comply with?", "answers": [{"text": "h the Helsinki Accords.", "answer_span": "\nHuman Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978, under the name Helsinki Watch, to monitor the former Soviet Union's compliance with the Helsinki Accords.", "answer_start": 706}], "orig_answer": {"text": "h the Helsinki Accords.", "answer_span": "\nHuman Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978, under the name Helsinki Watch, to monitor the former Soviet Union's compliance with the Helsinki Accords.", "answer_start": 706}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of group was it?", "answers": [{"text": "a privat NGO", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978,", "answer_start": 707}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a privat NGO", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch was founded by Robert L. Bernstein as a private American NGO in 1978,", "answer_start": 707}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did it call out in the media?", "answers": [{"text": "the Soviet Union", "answer_span": "By shining the international spotlight on human rights violations in the Soviet Union and its European partners, Helsinki Watch says it contributed to the democratic transformations of the region in the late 1980s. ", "answer_start": 1060}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Soviet Union", "answer_span": "By shining the international spotlight on human rights violations in the Soviet Union and its European partners, Helsinki Watch says it contributed to the democratic transformations of the region in the late 1980s. ", "answer_start": 1060}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For what?", "answers": [{"text": "human rights violations", "answer_span": "By shining the international spotlight on human rights violations in the Soviet Union and its European partners, Helsinki Watch says it contributed to the democratic transformations of the region in the late 1980s. ", "answer_start": 1060}], "orig_answer": {"text": "human rights violations", "answer_span": "By shining the international spotlight on human rights violations in the Soviet Union and its European partners, Helsinki Watch says it contributed to the democratic transformations of the region in the late 1980s. ", "answer_start": 1060}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is the current HRW located?", "answers": [{"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch (HRW) is a New York City-based international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch (HRW) is a New York City-based international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that the only location?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. \n", "answer_start": 193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. \n", "answer_start": 193}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many other locations does it have a presence?", "answers": [{"text": "18", "answer_span": "Along with HRW headquarters in New York City, the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. \n", "answer_start": 147}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18", "answer_span": "Along with HRW headquarters in New York City, the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. \n", "answer_start": 147}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are those all in one country?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " Along with HRW headquarters in New York City, the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. ", "answer_start": 146}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Along with HRW headquarters in New York City, the organisation has offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, Paris, San Francisco, Sydney, Tokyo, Toronto, Washington, D.C. and Z\u00fcrich. ", "answer_start": 146}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it do for human rights?", "answers": [{"text": "advocacy", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch (HRW) is a New York City-based international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "advocacy", "answer_span": "Human Rights Watch (HRW) is a New York City-based international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3k5tewlkgvbo5iky577egnv41lqvik"}], "section_title": "Human Rights Watch", "background": "Human Rights Watch", "title": "Human Rights Watch"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A mandolin (Italian: mandolino pronounced [mando\u02c8li\u02d0no]; literally \"small mandola\") is a musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or \"pick\". It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist. The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths. It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola, octave mandolin, mandocello and mandobass. \n\nThere are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin, the carved-top mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin. The round-back has a deep bottom, constructed of strips of wood, glued together into a bowl. The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a much shallower, arched back, and an arched top\u2014both carved out of wood. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, braced on the inside for strength in a similar manner to a guitar. Each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music. Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. Some modern Brazilian instruments feature an extra fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course.", "qas": [{"question": "Mandolin How many strings do the most common mandolins have?", "answers": [{"text": "8 strings", "answer_span": "It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings)", "answer_start": 177}], "orig_answer": {"text": "8 strings", "answer_span": "It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings)", "answer_start": 177}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How are they tuned?", "answers": [{"text": "in a succession of perfect fifths", "answer_span": "The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "answer_start": 336}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in a succession of perfect fifths", "answer_span": "The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths.", "answer_start": 336}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there other string combinations?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "answer_start": 176}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist.", "answer_start": 176}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many strings in those?", "answers": [{"text": "10 strings and 12 strings", "answer_span": " It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist. ", "answer_start": 176}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10 strings and 12 strings", "answer_span": " It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison (8 strings), although five (10 strings) and six (12 strings) course versions also exist. ", "answer_start": 176}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there specialized styles of mandolins?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin, the carved-top mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin. The round-back has a deep bottom, constructed of strips of wood, glued together into a bowl. The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a much shallower, arched back, and an arched top\u2014both carved out of wood. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, braced on the inside for strength in a similar manner to a guitar. Each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music. Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. Some modern Brazilian instruments feature an extra fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course.", "answer_start": 511}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin, the carved-top mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin. The round-back has a deep bottom, constructed of strips of wood, glued together into a bowl. The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a much shallower, arched back, and an arched top\u2014both carved out of wood. The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body, braced on the inside for strength in a similar manner to a guitar. Each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music. Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music. Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. Some modern Brazilian instruments feature an extra fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course.", "answer_start": 511}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many are common?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "There are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, ", "answer_start": 511}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "There are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, ", "answer_start": 511}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they?", "answers": [{"text": "the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin", "answer_span": "There are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin,", "answer_start": 511}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin", "answer_span": "There are many styles of mandolin, but four are common, the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin,", "answer_start": 511}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they used specifically for different music?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Each style of instrument has its own sound quality ", "answer_start": 1000}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Each style of instrument has its own sound quality ", "answer_start": 1000}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the flat-backed used in?", "answers": [{"text": "Irish, British and Brazilian folk music", "answer_span": "Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. ", "answer_start": 1193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Irish, British and Brazilian folk music", "answer_span": "Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish, British and Brazilian folk music. ", "answer_start": 1193}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the Neapolitan most used in?", "answers": [{"text": "European classical music and traditional music", "answer_span": "Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music.", "answer_start": 1101}], "orig_answer": {"text": "European classical music and traditional music", "answer_span": "Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music.", "answer_start": 1101}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about the carved-top?", "answers": [{"text": "American folk music and bluegrass music", "answer_span": "Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. ", "answer_start": 1193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "American folk music and bluegrass music", "answer_span": "Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music. ", "answer_start": 1193}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the mandolin called in Italian?", "answers": [{"text": "mandolino", "answer_span": "Italian: mandolino pronounced [mando\u02c8li\u02d0no]", "answer_start": 12}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mandolino", "answer_span": "Italian: mandolino pronounced [mando\u02c8li\u02d0no]", "answer_start": 12}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it mean literally?", "answers": [{"text": "small mandola", "answer_span": " literally \"small mandola\"", "answer_start": 56}], "orig_answer": {"text": "small mandola", "answer_span": " literally \"small mandola\"", "answer_start": 56}, "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3os4rqucr9fpmdk2ziatceo5isufb1"}], "section_title": "Mandolin", "background": "Mandolin", "title": "Mandolin"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri. The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) Central division. Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006. With origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Louis, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881, then known as the Brown Stockings, and established them as charter members of the American Association (AA) the following season. Upon the discontinuation of the AA, St. Louis joined the NL in 1892; at that time, they were called the Browns and the Perfectos before they were officially renamed as the Cardinals in 1900. \n\nOne of the most successful franchises in baseball history, the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships, the second-most in Major League Baseball and most in the National League. Their 19 National League pennants rank third in NL history. In addition, St. Louis has won 13 division titles in the East and Central divisions. While still in the AA, St. Louis won four league championships, qualifying them to play in a forerunner of the World Series. They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886, both times against Chicago, in the first meetings of the Cardinals\u2013Cubs rivalry that continues to this day.", "qas": [{"question": "St. Louis Cardinals what was the very first name of the team?", "answers": [{"text": "the Brown Stockings", "answer_span": "With origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Louis, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881, then known as the Brown Stockings", "answer_start": 268}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Brown Stockings", "answer_span": "With origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Louis, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881, then known as the Brown Stockings", "answer_start": 268}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did they get the name Cardinals?", "answers": [{"text": "1900", "answer_span": "they were officially renamed as the Cardinals in 1900", "answer_start": 679}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1900", "answer_span": "they were officially renamed as the Cardinals in 1900", "answer_start": 679}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who was the early mentioned owner?", "answers": [{"text": "Chris von der Ahe", "answer_span": "With origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Louis, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881, then known as the Brown Stockings", "answer_start": 268}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Chris von der Ahe", "answer_span": "With origins as one of the early professional baseball clubs in St. Louis, entrepreneur Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881, then known as the Brown Stockings", "answer_start": 268}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did he buy them?", "answers": [{"text": "1881", "answer_span": "Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881", "answer_start": 356}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1881", "answer_span": "Chris von der Ahe purchased a barnstorming club in 1881", "answer_start": 356}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what state do they play in?", "answers": [{"text": "Missouri", "answer_span": "The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Missouri", "answer_span": "The St. Louis Cardinals are an American professional baseball team based in St. Louis, Missouri", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in what city?", "answers": [{"text": "St. Louis", "answer_span": "baseball team based in St. Louis", "answer_start": 53}], "orig_answer": {"text": "St. Louis", "answer_span": "baseball team based in St. Louis", "answer_start": 53}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who is their main rival?", "answers": [{"text": "the Cubs", "answer_span": " Cardinals\u2013Cubs rivalry that continues to this day.", "answer_start": 1293}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Cubs", "answer_span": " Cardinals\u2013Cubs rivalry that continues to this day.", "answer_start": 1293}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they face the cubs in championships prior to the 20th century?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "St. Louis won four league championships, qualifying them to play in a forerunner of the World Series. They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886, both times against Chicago, in the first meetings of the Cardinals\u2013Cubs rivalry that continues to this day.", "answer_start": 1091}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "St. Louis won four league championships, qualifying them to play in a forerunner of the World Series. They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886, both times against Chicago, in the first meetings of the Cardinals\u2013Cubs rivalry that continues to this day.", "answer_start": 1091}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many times?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": " both times against Chicago", "answer_start": 1236}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": " both times against Chicago", "answer_start": 1236}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they a member of the American League?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) ", "answer_start": 97}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League (NL) ", "answer_start": 97}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what league are they in?", "answers": [{"text": "the National League", "answer_span": "The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League", "answer_start": 97}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the National League", "answer_span": "The Cardinals compete in Major League Baseball (MLB) as a member club of the National League", "answer_start": 97}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what division are they a part of?", "answers": [{"text": "the Central division", "answer_span": " a member club of the National League (NL) Central division", "answer_start": 152}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Central division", "answer_span": " a member club of the National League (NL) Central division", "answer_start": 152}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what years did they face the cubs in championships?", "answers": [{"text": "1885 and 1886,", "answer_span": "They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886, both times against Chicago", "answer_start": 1193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1885 and 1886,", "answer_span": "They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886, both times against Chicago", "answer_start": 1193}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they win both times?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886", "answer_start": 1193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886", "answer_start": 1193}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many times did they win?", "answers": [{"text": "once", "answer_span": " They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886", "answer_start": 1192}], "orig_answer": {"text": "once", "answer_span": " They tied in 1885 and won outright in 1886", "answer_start": 1192}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many times have they won the world series", "answers": [{"text": "11", "answer_span": "the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships", "answer_start": 795}], "orig_answer": {"text": "11", "answer_span": "the Cardinals have won 11 World Series championships", "answer_start": 795}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is that the most in the MLB?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "the second-most in Major League Baseball", "answer_start": 849}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the second-most in Major League Baseball", "answer_start": 849}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how does it rank?", "answers": [{"text": "second", "answer_span": " the second-most in Major League Baseball ", "answer_start": 848}], "orig_answer": {"text": "second", "answer_span": " the second-most in Major League Baseball ", "answer_start": 848}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the name of their stadium?", "answers": [{"text": "Busch Stadium", "answer_span": " Busch Stadium has been their home", "answer_start": 212}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Busch Stadium", "answer_span": " Busch Stadium has been their home", "answer_start": 212}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did that become their park?", "answers": [{"text": "2006.", "answer_span": ". Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006.", "answer_start": 211}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2006.", "answer_span": ". Busch Stadium has been their home ballpark since 2006.", "answer_start": 211}, "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3f0bg9b9mpn8ksy7rrq1wx9p5mt7ym"}], "section_title": "St. Louis Cardinals", "background": "St. Louis Cardinals", "title": "St. Louis Cardinals"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The region, as part of Lorraine, was part of the Holy Roman Empire, and then was gradually annexed by France in the 17th century, and formalized as one of the provinces of France. The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik M\u00fclhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798. Alsace is frequently mentioned with and as part of Lorraine and the former duchy of Lorraine, since it was a vital part of the duchy, and later because German possession as the imperial province (Alsace-Lorraine, 1871\u20131918) was contested in the 19th and 20th centuries; France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years. \n\nWith the decline of the Roman Empire, Alsace became the territory of the Germanic Alemanni. The Alemanni were agricultural people, and their Germanic language formed the basis of modern-day dialects spoken along the Upper Rhine (Alsatian, Alemannian, Swabian, Swiss). Clovis and the Franks defeated the Alemanni during the 5th century AD, culminating with the Battle of Tolbiac, and Alsace became part of the Kingdom of Austrasia. Under Clovis' Merovingian successors the inhabitants were Christianized. Alsace remained under Frankish control until the Frankish realm, following the Oaths of Strasbourg of 842, was formally dissolved in 843 at the Treaty of Verdun; the grandsons of Charlemagne divided the realm into three parts. Alsace formed part of the Middle Francia, which was ruled by the youngest grandson Lothar I. Lothar died early in 855 and his realm was divided into three parts. The part known as Lotharingia, or Lorraine, was given to Lothar's son. The rest was shared between Lothar's brothers Charles the Bald (ruler of the West Frankish realm) and Louis the German (ruler of the East Frankish realm). The Kingdom of Lotharingia was short-lived, however, becoming the stem duchy of Lorraine in Eastern Francia after the Treaty of Ribemont in 880. Alsace was united with the other Alemanni east of the Rhine into the stem duchy of Swabia.", "qas": [{"question": "Alsace What is the city of discussion?", "answers": [{"text": "Alsace", "answer_span": "Alsace", "answer_start": 1213}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Alsace", "answer_span": "Alsace", "answer_start": 1213}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why did it become a Germanic territory?", "answers": [{"text": "decline of the Roman Empire", "answer_span": "decline of the Roman Empire", "answer_start": 718}], "orig_answer": {"text": "decline of the Roman Empire", "answer_span": "decline of the Roman Empire", "answer_start": 718}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was their claim protested?", "answers": [{"text": "the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": "the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_start": 577}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": "the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_start": 577}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 1798?", "answers": [{"text": "Mulhouse became a part of Alsace", "answer_span": "The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik M\u00fclhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798.", "answer_start": 180}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mulhouse became a part of Alsace", "answer_span": "The Calvinist manufacturing republic of Mulhouse, known as Stadtrepublik M\u00fclhausen, became a part of Alsace after a vote by its citizens on 4 January 1798.", "answer_start": 180}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why?", "answers": [{"text": "a vote by its citizens", "answer_span": "a vote by its citizens", "answer_start": 294}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a vote by its citizens", "answer_span": "a vote by its citizens", "answer_start": 294}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was control shifted between Germany and Spain?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years.", "answer_start": 605}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years.", "answer_start": 605}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who then?", "answers": [{"text": "France and Germany", "answer_span": "France and Germany", "answer_start": 606}], "orig_answer": {"text": "France and Germany", "answer_span": "France and Germany", "answer_start": 606}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many times?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 683}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 683}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Within 75 years?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years. ", "answer_start": 606}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "France and Germany exchanged control of parts of Lorraine (including Alsace) four times in 75 years. ", "answer_start": 606}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of culture were the people?", "answers": [{"text": "agricultural", "answer_span": "agricultural", "answer_start": 819}], "orig_answer": {"text": "agricultural", "answer_span": "agricultural", "answer_start": 819}, "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3907x2ahf057pd90usdnnfz5qs82pt"}], "section_title": "Alsace", "background": "Alsace", "title": "Alsace"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Jewish Encyclopedia is an English encyclopedia containing over 15,000 articles on the history, culture, and state of Judaism and the Jews up to the early 20th century. It was originally published in 12 volumes by Funk and Wagnalls of New York City between 1901 and 1906 and reprinted in the 1960s by KTAV Publishing House. The work's scholarship is still highly regarded: the American Jewish Archives has called it \"the most monumental Jewish scientific work of modern times\" and Rabbi Joshua L. Segal noted that, \"For events prior to 1900, it is considered to offer a level of scholarship superior to either of the more recent Jewish Encyclopedias written in English.\" It is now in the public domain and hosted at various sites around the internet. \n\nThe encyclopedia's managing editor was Isidore Singer. The editorial board was chaired by Isaac K. Funk and Frank H. Vizetelly. The other editors participating in all twelve volumes were Cyrus Adler, Gotthard Deutsch, Richard Gottheil, Joseph Jacobs, Kaufmann Kohler, Herman Rosenthal, and Crawford Howell Toy. Morris Jastrow, Jr. and Frederick de Sola Mendes assisted with volumes I & II; Marcus Jastrow with volumes I, II, & III; Louis Ginzberg with the first four volumes; Solomon Schechter with volumes IV through VII; Emil G. Hirsch with volumes IV through XII; and Wilhelm Bacher with volumes VIII through XII. William Popper served as the assistant revision editor and chief of translation for Vols.\u00a0IV through XII.", "qas": [{"question": "Jewish Encyclopedia What is the Jewish Encycolpedia?", "answers": [{"text": "an English encyclopedia", "answer_span": "The Jewish Encyclopedia is an English encyclopedia", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an English encyclopedia", "answer_span": "The Jewish Encyclopedia is an English encyclopedia", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it originally published?", "answers": [{"text": "between 1901 and 1906", "answer_span": "It was originally published in 12 volumes by Funk and Wagnalls of New York City between 1901 and 1906 ", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "between 1901 and 1906", "answer_span": "It was originally published in 12 volumes by Funk and Wagnalls of New York City between 1901 and 1906 ", "answer_start": 172}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Funk and Wagnalls", "answer_span": "It was originally published in 12 volumes by Funk and Wagnalls", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Funk and Wagnalls", "answer_span": "It was originally published in 12 volumes by Funk and Wagnalls", "answer_start": 172}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What sis the American Jewish Archives call it?", "answers": [{"text": "\"the most monumental Jewish scientific work of modern times\"", "answer_span": ": the American Jewish Archives has called it \"the most monumental Jewish scientific work of modern times\"", "answer_start": 374}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"the most monumental Jewish scientific work of modern times\"", "answer_span": ": the American Jewish Archives has called it \"the most monumental Jewish scientific work of modern times\"", "answer_start": 374}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the editorial board chared by?", "answers": [{"text": "Isaac K. Funk", "answer_span": "The editorial board was chaired by Isaac K. Funk and Frank H. Vizetelly.", "answer_start": 811}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Isaac K. Funk", "answer_span": "The editorial board was chaired by Isaac K. Funk and Frank H. Vizetelly.", "answer_start": 811}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "anyone else?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " and Frank H. Vizetelly", "answer_start": 859}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " and Frank H. Vizetelly", "answer_start": 859}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Rabbi Joshua L Segal note about it?", "answers": [{"text": "that, \"For events prior to 1900, it is considered to offer a level of scholarship superior to either of the more recent Jewish Encyclopedias written in English.\"", "answer_span": " Rabbi Joshua L. Segal noted that, \"For events prior to 1900, it is considered to offer a level of scholarship superior to either of the more recent Jewish Encyclopedias written in English.\" ", "answer_start": 483}], "orig_answer": {"text": "that, \"For events prior to 1900, it is considered to offer a level of scholarship superior to either of the more recent Jewish Encyclopedias written in English.\"", "answer_span": " Rabbi Joshua L. Segal noted that, \"For events prior to 1900, it is considered to offer a level of scholarship superior to either of the more recent Jewish Encyclopedias written in English.\" ", "answer_start": 483}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the assistant revision editor and chief of translation  for volumes IV through XII?", "answers": [{"text": "William Popper", "answer_span": "William Popper served as the assistant revision editor and chief of translation for Vols.\u00a0IV through XII", "answer_start": 1373}], "orig_answer": {"text": "William Popper", "answer_span": "William Popper served as the assistant revision editor and chief of translation for Vols.\u00a0IV through XII", "answer_start": 1373}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who assisted in editing Volumes I &II?", "answers": [{"text": "Frederick de Sola Mendes", "answer_span": "Frederick de Sola Mendes assisted with volumes I & II; ", "answer_start": 1091}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Frederick de Sola Mendes", "answer_span": "Frederick de Sola Mendes assisted with volumes I & II; ", "answer_start": 1091}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the Encyclopedia now in the public domain?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is now in the public domain and hosted at various sites around the internet. ", "answer_start": 674}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is now in the public domain and hosted at various sites around the internet. ", "answer_start": 674}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the managing editor?", "answers": [{"text": "Isidore Singer", "answer_span": "encyclopedia's managing editor was Isidore Singe", "answer_start": 760}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Isidore Singer", "answer_span": "encyclopedia's managing editor was Isidore Singe", "answer_start": 760}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it republished?", "answers": [{"text": "in the 1960s", "answer_span": "reprinted in the 1960s ", "answer_start": 278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the 1960s", "answer_span": "reprinted in the 1960s ", "answer_start": 278}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who republished it?", "answers": [{"text": "KTAV Publishing House.", "answer_span": " reprinted in the 1960s by KTAV Publishing House.", "answer_start": 277}], "orig_answer": {"text": "KTAV Publishing House.", "answer_span": " reprinted in the 1960s by KTAV Publishing House.", "answer_start": 277}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it available on the internet?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is now in the public domain and hosted at various sites around the internet. ", "answer_start": 674}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is now in the public domain and hosted at various sites around the internet. ", "answer_start": 674}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what Volumes did Emil G Hirsch assist with editing?", "answers": [{"text": "volumes IV through XII", "answer_span": "Emil G. Hirsch with volumes IV through XII", "answer_start": 1279}], "orig_answer": {"text": "volumes IV through XII", "answer_span": "Emil G. Hirsch with volumes IV through XII", "answer_start": 1279}, "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ph3vy7djlxnfx9dvl0w2kh847czwd"}], "section_title": "Jewish Encyclopedia", "background": "Jewish Encyclopedia", "title": "Jewish Encyclopedia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress and its predecessor, the Continental Congress. Also included are Delegates from territories and the District of Columbia and Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico. \n\nThe online edition also includes a guide to research collections (a list of institutions where member's papers, letters, correspondence, and other items are archived) as well as an extended bibliography of published works concerning the member (a shorter bibliography is included with the member's biography). These additional resources when available can be accessed via links on the left side of the member's page on the website. \n\nCharles Lanman, author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster, gathered the first collection of biographies of former and sitting members of Congress for his \"Dictionary of Congress\", published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859. Lanman intended his \"Dictionary of the United States Congress\" to serve primarily as a guide for sitting Members of Congress, much as the \"Congressional Directory\" functions today. \n\nIn 1864, the House of Representatives and the Senate approved the publication of an updated version of Lanman's \"Dictionary of Congress\" by the recently established Government Printing Office. In the late 1860s Congress offered Benjamin Perley Poore, a journalist and clerk of the Senate Committee on Printing and Records, the job of preparing a \"Congressional Directory\" with biographical sketches and the kind of reference information found in the \"Dictionary of Congress\".", "qas": [{"question": "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress what does Charles Lanman do for a living?", "answers": [{"text": "author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster", "answer_span": "Charles Lanman, author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster", "answer_start": 772}], "orig_answer": {"text": "author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster", "answer_span": "Charles Lanman, author, journalist, and former secretary to Daniel Webster", "answer_start": 772}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did he create?", "answers": [{"text": "Dictionary of Congress", "answer_span": "gathered the first collection of biographies of former and sitting members of Congress for his \"Dictionary of Congress", "answer_start": 848}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dictionary of Congress", "answer_span": "gathered the first collection of biographies of former and sitting members of Congress for his \"Dictionary of Congress", "answer_start": 848}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it published?", "answers": [{"text": "1859", "answer_span": "Dictionary of Congress\", published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859", "answer_start": 944}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1859", "answer_span": "Dictionary of Congress\", published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859", "answer_start": 944}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did congress approve an updated version?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1864", "answer_span": "In 1864, the House of Representatives and the Senate approved the publication of an updated version", "answer_start": 1197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1864", "answer_span": "In 1864, the House of Representatives and the Senate approved the publication of an updated version", "answer_start": 1197}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in the 1860s who carried on the job of making the congressional dictionary?", "answers": [{"text": "Benjamin Perley Poore", "answer_span": "Benjamin Perley Poore, a journalist and clerk of the Senate Committee on Printing and Records, the job of preparing a \"Congressional Directory\"", "answer_start": 1425}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Benjamin Perley Poore", "answer_span": "Benjamin Perley Poore, a journalist and clerk of the Senate Committee on Printing and Records, the job of preparing a \"Congressional Directory\"", "answer_start": 1425}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who originally published Lanman's dicitionary?", "answers": [{"text": "J. B. Lippincott & Co.", "answer_span": "published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859", "answer_start": 969}], "orig_answer": {"text": "J. B. Lippincott & Co.", "answer_span": "published by J. B. Lippincott & Co. in 1859", "answer_start": 969}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the Biographical dictionary of the United States Congress?", "answers": [{"text": "dictionary of Congress members", "answer_span": "The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress and its predecessor, the Continental Congress.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "dictionary of Congress members", "answer_span": "The Biographical Directory of the United States Congress is a biographical dictionary of all present and former members of the United States Congress and its predecessor, the Continental Congress.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are delegates from territories also included in it?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Also included are Delegates from territories", "answer_start": 197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Also included are Delegates from territories", "answer_start": 197}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who else is in included in the dictionary?", "answers": [{"text": "Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.", "answer_span": "Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico. ", "answer_start": 275}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico.", "answer_span": "Resident Commissioners from the Philippines and Puerto Rico. ", "answer_start": 275}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it available online?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The online edition", "answer_start": 338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The online edition", "answer_start": 338}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is correspondence also included?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "a list of institutions where member's papers, letters, correspondence, and other items are archived", "answer_start": 404}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "a list of institutions where member's papers, letters, correspondence, and other items are archived", "answer_start": 404}, "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "31jlpphs2uuepvtijsedhpz7mav3op"}], "section_title": "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress", "background": "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress", "title": "Biographical Directory of the United States Congress"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation. Its aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species; the project is directed at scientists, rather than at the general public. Jimmy Wales stated that editors are not required to fax in their degrees, but that submissions will have to pass muster with a technical audience. Wikispecies is available under the GNU Free Documentation License and CC BY-SA 3.0. \n\nStarted in September 2004, with biologists across the world invited to contribute, the project had grown a framework encompassing the Linnaean taxonomy with links to Wikipedia articles on individual species by April 2005. \n\nco-ordinated the efforts of several people who are interested in getting involved with the project and contacted potential supporters in early summer 2004. Databases were evaluated and the administrators contacted, some of them have agreed on providing their data for Wikispecies. Mandl defined two major tasks: \n\nAdvantages and disadvantages were widely discussed by the wikimedia-I mailing list. The board of directors of the Wikimedia Foundation voted by 4 to 0 in favor of the establishment of a Wikispecies. The project was launched in August 2004 and is hosted at species.wikimedia.org. It was officially merged to a sister project of Wikimedia Foundation on September 14, 2004.", "qas": [{"question": "Wikispecies What is Wikispecies?", "answers": [{"text": "a wiki-based online project", "answer_span": "Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a wiki-based online project", "answer_span": "Wikispecies is a wiki-based online project", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was it started?", "answers": [{"text": "2004", "answer_span": "Started in September 2004", "answer_start": 465}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2004", "answer_span": "Started in September 2004", "answer_start": 465}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What month?", "answers": [{"text": "September", "answer_span": "Started in September ", "answer_start": 465}], "orig_answer": {"text": "September", "answer_span": "Started in September ", "answer_start": 465}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was asked to make contributions?", "answers": [{"text": "biologists", "answer_span": ", with biologists across the world invited to contribute", "answer_start": 490}], "orig_answer": {"text": "biologists", "answer_span": ", with biologists across the world invited to contribute", "answer_start": 490}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is it supported by?", "answers": [{"text": "Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_span": "online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_start": 28}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_span": "online project supported by the Wikimedia Foundation", "answer_start": 28}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its goal?", "answers": [{"text": "to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species;", "answer_span": "aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species;", "answer_start": 86}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species;", "answer_span": "aim is to create a comprehensive free content catalogue of all species;", "answer_start": 86}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it meant for the general public?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "the project is directed at scientists", "answer_start": 158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the project is directed at scientists", "answer_start": 158}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it available under?", "answers": [{"text": "GNU Free Documentation License and CC BY-SA 3.0", "answer_span": "is available under the GNU Free Documentation License and CC BY-SA 3.0", "answer_start": 391}], "orig_answer": {"text": "GNU Free Documentation License and CC BY-SA 3.0", "answer_span": "is available under the GNU Free Documentation License and CC BY-SA 3.0", "answer_start": 391}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year did they get ahold of people to support it?", "answers": [{"text": "2004", "answer_span": "Started in September 2004", "answer_start": 465}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2004", "answer_span": "Started in September 2004", "answer_start": 465}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many voted for them making it?", "answers": [{"text": "Four", "answer_span": " 4 to 0", "answer_start": 1146}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Four", "answer_span": " 4 to 0", "answer_start": 1146}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it hosted?", "answers": [{"text": "species.wikimedia.org", "answer_span": "hosted at species.wikimedia.org", "answer_start": 1249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "species.wikimedia.org", "answer_span": "hosted at species.wikimedia.org", "answer_start": 1249}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it merge?", "answers": [{"text": "September 14, 2004", "answer_span": "It was officially merged to a sister project of Wikimedia Foundation on September 14, 2004", "answer_start": 1282}], "orig_answer": {"text": "September 14, 2004", "answer_span": "It was officially merged to a sister project of Wikimedia Foundation on September 14, 2004", "answer_start": 1282}, "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3r8yzbnq9hizbq7l0h97jb6n6c97qe"}], "section_title": "Wikispecies", "background": "Wikispecies", "title": "Wikispecies"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries; 942,370 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area, and 2.3 million in the metropolitan area. The city stretches across fourteen islands where Lake M\u00e4laren flows into the Baltic Sea. Just outside the city and along the coast is the island chain of the Stockholm archipelago. The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC, and was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl. It is also the capital of Stockholm County. \n\nStockholm is the cultural, media, political, and economic centre of Sweden. The Stockholm region alone accounts for over a third of the country's GDP, and is among the top 10 regions in Europe by GDP per capita. It is an important global city, and the main centre for corporate headquarters in the Nordic region. The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH). It hosts the annual Nobel Prize ceremonies and banquet at the Stockholm Concert Hall and Stockholm City Hall. One of the city's most prized museums, the Vasa Museum, is the most visited non-art museum in Scandinavia. The Stockholm metro, opened in 1950, is well known for its decoration of the stations; it has been called the longest art gallery in the world. Sweden's national football arena is located north of the city centre, in Solna. Ericsson Globe, the national indoor arena, is in the southern part of the city. The city was the host of the 1912 Summer Olympics, and hosted the equestrian portion of the 1956 Summer Olympics otherwise held in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.", "qas": [{"question": "Stockholm What is the most populated city in Sweden?", "answers": [{"text": "Stockholm", "answer_span": "Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stockholm", "answer_span": "Stockholm is the capital of Sweden and the most populous city in the Nordic countries", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people live in the municipality?", "answers": [{"text": "942,370", "answer_span": "942,370 people live in the municipality", "answer_start": 87}], "orig_answer": {"text": "942,370", "answer_span": "942,370 people live in the municipality", "answer_start": 87}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many in the urban part?", "answers": [{"text": "About 1.5 million", "answer_span": "942,370 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area", "answer_start": 87}], "orig_answer": {"text": "About 1.5 million", "answer_span": "942,370 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area", "answer_start": 87}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the metro area?", "answers": [{"text": "2.3 million", "answer_span": "942,370 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area, and 2.3 million in the metropolitan area", "answer_start": 87}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2.3 million", "answer_span": "942,370 people live in the municipality, approximately 1.5 million in the urban area, and 2.3 million in the metropolitan area", "answer_start": 87}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was the city founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1252", "answer_span": "was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl", "answer_start": 473}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1252", "answer_span": "was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl", "answer_start": 473}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "It's been settled since which time period?", "answers": [{"text": "The Stone Age", "answer_span": " The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC", "answer_start": 395}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Stone Age", "answer_span": " The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC", "answer_start": 395}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By whom was the city founded?", "answers": [{"text": "Birger Jarl", "answer_span": "was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl", "answer_start": 473}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Birger Jarl", "answer_span": "was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl", "answer_start": 473}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he a statesman?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl", "answer_start": 473}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl", "answer_start": 473}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What county is the city the capital of ?", "answers": [{"text": "Stockholm County", "answer_span": " It is also the capital of Stockholm County", "answer_start": 536}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stockholm County", "answer_span": " It is also the capital of Stockholm County", "answer_start": 536}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "The city has some of Europe's highly ranked what?", "answers": [{"text": "Universities", "answer_span": "The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Universities", "answer_span": "The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities", "answer_start": 896}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many are given as examples?", "answers": [{"text": "Three", "answer_span": "The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_start": 896}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "The first one is?", "answers": [{"text": "The Stockholm School of Economics", "answer_span": " The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH).", "answer_start": 895}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Stockholm School of Economics", "answer_span": " The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH).", "answer_start": 895}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the second?", "answers": [{"text": "Karolinska Institute", "answer_span": "The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Karolinska Institute", "answer_span": "The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_start": 896}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the last?", "answers": [{"text": "Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_span": " The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_start": 895}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_span": " The city is home to some of Europe's top ranking universities, such as the Stockholm School of Economics, Karolinska Institute and Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)", "answer_start": 895}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What opened in 1950?", "answers": [{"text": "The Stockholm metro", "answer_span": "The Stockholm metro, opened in 1950", "answer_start": 1281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Stockholm metro", "answer_span": "The Stockholm metro, opened in 1950", "answer_start": 1281}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "It is the longest what in the world?", "answers": [{"text": "Art gallery", "answer_span": "The Stockholm metro, opened in 1950, is well known for its decoration of the stations; it has been called the longest art gallery in the world", "answer_start": 1281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Art gallery", "answer_span": "The Stockholm metro, opened in 1950, is well known for its decoration of the stations; it has been called the longest art gallery in the world", "answer_start": 1281}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "The ceremonies of what prize is held in the city?", "answers": [{"text": "Nobel", "answer_span": "It hosts the annual Nobel Prize ceremonies", "answer_start": 1064}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Nobel", "answer_span": "It hosts the annual Nobel Prize ceremonies", "answer_start": 1064}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was held in the city in 1912?", "answers": [{"text": "Summer Olympics", "answer_span": "The city was the host of the 1912 Summer Olympics", "answer_start": 1585}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Summer Olympics", "answer_span": "The city was the host of the 1912 Summer Olympics", "answer_start": 1585}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Stockholm the economic center of the country?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Stockholm is the cultural, media, political, and economic centre of Sweden. ", "answer_start": 583}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Stockholm is the cultural, media, political, and economic centre of Sweden. ", "answer_start": 583}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the prized museum?", "answers": [{"text": "The Vasa Museum", "answer_span": "One of the city's most prized museums, the Vasa Museum", "answer_start": 1174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Vasa Museum", "answer_span": "One of the city's most prized museums, the Vasa Museum", "answer_start": 1174}, "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3tk8ojtym1lgm472i2xypkwgn15vpk"}], "section_title": "Stockholm", "background": "Stockholm", "title": "Stockholm"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Alabama () is a state in the southeastern region of the United States. It is bordered by Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west. Alabama is the 30th largest by area and the 24th-most populous of the U.S. states. With a total of of inland waterways, Alabama has among the most of any state. \n\nAlabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird. Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\". The state tree is the longleaf pine, and the state flower is the camellia. Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. The oldest city is Mobile, founded by French colonists in 1702 as the capital of French Louisiana. \n\nFrom the American Civil War until World War II, Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture. Like other southern states, Alabama legislators disfranchised African Americans and many poor whites at the turn of the century. Despite the growth of major industries and urban centers, white rural interests dominated the state legislature from 1901 to the 1960s; urban interests and African Americans were markedly under-represented. Following World War II, Alabama grew as the state's economy changed from one primarily based on agriculture to one with diversified interests. The state economy in the 21st century is based on management, automotive, finance, manufacturing, aerospace, mineral extraction, healthcare, education, retail, and technology.", "qas": [{"question": "Alabama What is Alabama's nickname?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Yellowhammer State\"", "answer_span": "Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\"", "answer_start": 371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Yellowhammer State\"", "answer_span": "Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\"", "answer_start": 371}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it's nickname come from?", "answers": [{"text": "the state bird", "answer_span": "Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird", "answer_start": 371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the state bird", "answer_span": "Alabama is nicknamed the \"Yellowhammer State\", after the state bird", "answer_start": 371}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have any other nicknames?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Heart of Dixie\"", "answer_span": "Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\"", "answer_start": 440}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Heart of Dixie\"", "answer_span": "Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\"", "answer_start": 440}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any more?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\"", "answer_start": 440}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Alabama is also known as the \"Heart of Dixie\" and the \"Cotton State\"", "answer_start": 440}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where in the U.S is it?", "answers": [{"text": "southeastern region", "answer_span": "Alabama () is a state in the southeastern region of the United States", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "southeastern region", "answer_span": "Alabama () is a state in the southeastern region of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What borders it's north?", "answers": [{"text": "Tennessee", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Tennessee to the north,", "answer_start": 71}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tennessee", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Tennessee to the north,", "answer_start": 71}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it border California?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west", "answer_start": 89}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Tennessee to the north, Georgia to the east, Florida and the Gulf of Mexico to the south, and Mississippi to the west", "answer_start": 89}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it border Georgia?", "answers": [{"text": "to the east", "answer_span": "Georgia to the east", "answer_start": 113}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to the east", "answer_span": "Georgia to the east", "answer_start": 113}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it's capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Montgomery", "answer_span": "Alabama's capital is Montgomery", "answer_start": 585}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Montgomery", "answer_span": "Alabama's capital is Montgomery", "answer_start": 585}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that it's largest city?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. ", "answer_start": 584}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " Alabama's capital is Montgomery. The largest city by population is Birmingham, which has long been the most industrialized city; the largest city by land area is Huntsville. ", "answer_start": 584}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is?", "answers": [{"text": "Birmingham", "answer_span": "The largest city by population is Birmingham", "answer_start": 618}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Birmingham", "answer_span": "The largest city by population is Birmingham", "answer_start": 618}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it's oldest city?", "answers": [{"text": "Mobile", "answer_span": "The oldest city is Mobile", "answer_start": 759}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mobile", "answer_span": "The oldest city is Mobile", "answer_start": 759}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they have a state tree?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The state tree is the longleaf pine", "answer_start": 510}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The state tree is the longleaf pine", "answer_start": 510}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it?", "answers": [{"text": "longleaf pine", "answer_span": "The state tree is the longleaf pine", "answer_start": 510}], "orig_answer": {"text": "longleaf pine", "answer_span": "The state tree is the longleaf pine", "answer_start": 510}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is their state flower?", "answers": [{"text": "camellia", "answer_span": "and the state flower is the camellia", "answer_start": 547}], "orig_answer": {"text": "camellia", "answer_span": "and the state flower is the camellia", "answer_start": 547}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they ever suffer economic issues?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture", "answer_start": 907}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture", "answer_start": 907}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the reason?", "answers": [{"text": "dependence on agriculture.", "answer_span": "Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "answer_start": 908}], "orig_answer": {"text": "dependence on agriculture.", "answer_span": "Alabama, like many states in the southern U.S., suffered economic hardship, in part because of its continued dependence on agriculture.", "answer_start": 908}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they disfranchise black people?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Alabama legislators disfranchised African Americans", "answer_start": 1072}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Alabama legislators disfranchised African Americans", "answer_start": 1072}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the state grow?", "answers": [{"text": "Following World War II", "answer_span": "Following World War II, Alabama grew ", "answer_start": 1380}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Following World War II", "answer_span": "Following World War II, Alabama grew ", "answer_start": 1380}, "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3gfk2qrxx9hp8jpooxtgdgad3a3w56"}], "section_title": "Alabama", "background": "Alabama", "title": "Alabama"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "In computing, cross-platform software (also multi-platform software or platform-independent software) is computer software that is implemented on multiple computing platforms. Cross-platform software may be divided into two types; one requires individual building or compilation for each platform that it supports, and the other one can be directly run on any platform without special preparation, e.g., software written in an interpreted language or pre-compiled portable bytecode for which the interpreters or run-time packages are common or standard components of all platforms. \n\nFor example, a cross-platform application may run on Microsoft Windows on the x86 architecture, Linux on the x86 architecture and macOS on either the PowerPC or x86-based Apple Macintosh systems. Cross-platform programs may run on as many as all existing platforms, or on as few as two platforms. Cross-platform frameworks (such as Qt, Xamarin, Phonegap, or Ionic) exist to aid cross-platform development. \n\n\"Platform\" can refer to the type of processor (CPU) or other hardware on which a given operating system or application runs, the type of operating system on a computer or the combination of the type of hardware and the type of operating system running on it. An example of a common platform is Microsoft Windows running on the x86 architecture. Other well-known desktop computer platforms include Linux/Unix and macOS - both of which are themselves cross-platform. There are, however, many devices such as smartphones that are also effectively computer platforms but less commonly thought about in that way. Application software can be written to depend on the features of a particular platform\u2014either the hardware, operating system, or virtual machine it runs on. The Java platform is a virtual machine platform which runs on many operating systems and hardware types, and is a common platform for software to be written for.", "qas": [{"question": "What acronym is widely used for processor type?", "answers": [{"text": "CPU", "answer_span": " type of processor (CPU)", "answer_start": 1019}], "orig_answer": {"text": "CPU", "answer_span": " type of processor (CPU)", "answer_start": 1019}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Would two different operating systems be said to have different platforms?", "answers": [{"text": "No?", "answer_span": "For example, a cross-platform application may run on Microsoft Windows on the x86 architecture, Linux on the x86 architecture and macOS on either the PowerPC", "answer_start": 584}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No?", "answer_span": "For example, a cross-platform application may run on Microsoft Windows on the x86 architecture, Linux on the x86 architecture and macOS on either the PowerPC", "answer_start": 584}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is an example of a desktop platform?", "answers": [{"text": "Linux/Unix", "answer_span": "Other well-known desktop computer platforms include Linux/Unix ", "answer_start": 1337}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Linux/Unix", "answer_span": "Other well-known desktop computer platforms include Linux/Unix ", "answer_start": 1337}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about macOS?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "and macOS ", "answer_start": 1400}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "and macOS ", "answer_start": 1400}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one more.", "answers": [{"text": "Microsoft Windows", "answer_span": "common platform is Microsoft Windows", "answer_start": 1267}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Microsoft Windows", "answer_span": "common platform is Microsoft Windows", "answer_start": 1267}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could smartphones be described as having platforms?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " many devices such as smartphones that are also effectively computer platforms", "answer_start": 1476}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " many devices such as smartphones that are also effectively computer platforms", "answer_start": 1476}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of software is dependent on the smartphone platform?", "answers": [{"text": "Application software", "answer_span": " Application software can be written to depend on the features of a particular platform", "answer_start": 1599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Application software", "answer_span": " Application software can be written to depend on the features of a particular platform", "answer_start": 1599}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What platform can work on multiple operating systems?", "answers": [{"text": "The Java platform", "answer_span": " The Java platform is a virtual machine platform which runs on many operating systems", "answer_start": 1756}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Java platform", "answer_span": " The Java platform is a virtual machine platform which runs on many operating systems", "answer_start": 1756}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it rarely used?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": ", and is a common platform for software to be written for.", "answer_start": 1860}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": ", and is a common platform for software to be written for.", "answer_start": 1860}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is software called that works on more than one platform?", "answers": [{"text": "cross-platform software", "answer_span": " cross-platform software (also multi-platform software or platform-independent software) is computer software that is implemented on multiple computing platforms", "answer_start": 13}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cross-platform software", "answer_span": " cross-platform software (also multi-platform software or platform-independent software) is computer software that is implemented on multiple computing platforms", "answer_start": 13}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "multi-platform software", "answer_span": " (also multi-platform software ", "answer_start": 37}], "orig_answer": {"text": "multi-platform software", "answer_span": " (also multi-platform software ", "answer_start": 37}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "platform-independent software", "answer_span": "or platform-independent software", "answer_start": 68}], "orig_answer": {"text": "platform-independent software", "answer_span": "or platform-independent software", "answer_start": 68}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there three different types of cross platform software?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " Cross-platform software may be divided into two types", "answer_start": 175}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " Cross-platform software may be divided into two types", "answer_start": 175}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Cross-platform software may be divided into two type", "answer_start": 176}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Cross-platform software may be divided into two type", "answer_start": 176}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one of those?", "answers": [{"text": "requires individual building", "answer_span": "one requires individual building", "answer_start": 231}], "orig_answer": {"text": "requires individual building", "answer_span": "one requires individual building", "answer_start": 231}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the other?", "answers": [{"text": "can be directly run on any platform without special preparation", "answer_span": "and the other one can be directly run on any platform without special preparation", "answer_start": 315}], "orig_answer": {"text": "can be directly run on any platform without special preparation", "answer_span": "and the other one can be directly run on any platform without special preparation", "answer_start": 315}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many platforms must something run on to be called cross platform?", "answers": [{"text": "as few as 2", "answer_span": ". Cross-platform programs may run on as many as all existing platforms, or on as few as two platforms", "answer_start": 778}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as few as 2", "answer_span": ". Cross-platform programs may run on as many as all existing platforms, or on as few as two platforms", "answer_start": 778}, "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3i02618ya06g9pi2dcnttyux9vwpur"}], "section_title": "Cross-platform", "background": "Cross-platform", "title": "Cross-platform"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy (), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy (), called Ouanalao by the indigenous people, is an overseas collectivity of France in the West Indies. Often abbreviated to \"St-Barth\" in French, and St. Barths or St. Barts in English, the island lies about southeast of St. Martin and north of St. Kitts. Puerto Rico is to the west in the Greater Antilles. \n\nSaint Barth\u00e9lemy was for many years a French commune forming part of Guadeloupe, which is an overseas region and department of France. In 2003, the island voted in favour of secession from Guadeloupe in order to form a separate overseas collectivity (COM) of France. The collectivity is one of four territories among the Leeward Islands in the northeastern Caribbean that comprise the French West Indies, along with Saint Martin, Guadeloupe ( southeast), and Martinique. \n\nSaint Barth\u00e9lemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of and a population of 9,278 (Jan. 2013 census). Its capital is Gustavia, which also contains the main harbour to the island. It is the only Caribbean island which was a Swedish colony for any significant length of time; Guadeloupe was under Swedish rule only briefly at the end of the Napoleonic Wars. Symbolism from the Swedish national arms, the Three Crowns, still appears in the island's coat of arms. The language, cuisine, and culture, however, are distinctly French. The island is a popular tourist destination during the winter holiday season, especially for the rich and famous during the Christmas and new year period.", "qas": [{"question": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy What is the population of Saint Barth\u00e9lemy?", "answers": [{"text": "9,278", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of and a population of 9,278", "answer_start": 865}], "orig_answer": {"text": "9,278", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy, a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs, has an area of and a population of 9,278", "answer_start": 865}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened with it in 2003?", "answers": [{"text": "the island voted in favour of secession", "answer_span": "In 2003, the island voted in favour of secession from Guadeloupe", "answer_start": 527}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the island voted in favour of secession", "answer_span": "In 2003, the island voted in favour of secession from Guadeloupe", "answer_start": 527}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the official name of Saint Barth\u00e9lemy?", "answers": [{"text": "the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy (), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy (), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What exactly is it?'", "answers": [{"text": "an overseas collectivity of France", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy (), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy (), called Ouanalao by the indigenous people, is an overseas collectivity of France in the West Indies.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an overseas collectivity of France", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy (), officially the Territorial collectivity of Saint-Barth\u00e9lemy (), called Ouanalao by the indigenous people, is an overseas collectivity of France in the West Indies.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of commune was it for many years?", "answers": [{"text": "French", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy was for many years a French commune", "answer_start": 392}], "orig_answer": {"text": "French", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy was for many years a French commune", "answer_start": 392}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many territories are there in the collectivity?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "The collectivity is one of four territories", "answer_start": 659}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "The collectivity is one of four territories", "answer_start": 659}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Saint Barth\u00e9lemy an island?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the island lies about southeast of St. Martin and north of St. Kitts.", "answer_start": 267}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the island lies about southeast of St. Martin and north of St. Kitts.", "answer_start": 267}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do the natives call it?", "answers": [{"text": "Ouanalao", "answer_span": "called Ouanalao by the indigenous people", "answer_start": 85}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ouanalao", "answer_span": "called Ouanalao by the indigenous people", "answer_start": 85}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Gustavia", "answer_span": "Its capital is Gustavia", "answer_start": 996}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Gustavia", "answer_span": "Its capital is Gustavia", "answer_start": 996}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When do tourists usually go there?", "answers": [{"text": "the winter holiday season", "answer_span": "The island is a popular tourist destination during the winter holiday season", "answer_start": 1422}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the winter holiday season", "answer_span": "The island is a popular tourist destination during the winter holiday season", "answer_start": 1422}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And when do the rich and famous go often?", "answers": [{"text": "during the Christmas and new year period.", "answer_span": "a popular tourist destination during the winter holiday season, especially for the rich and famous during the Christmas and new year period.", "answer_start": 1436}], "orig_answer": {"text": "during the Christmas and new year period.", "answer_span": "a popular tourist destination during the winter holiday season, especially for the rich and famous during the Christmas and new year period.", "answer_start": 1436}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What formations encircle the island?", "answers": [{"text": "shallow reefs", "answer_span": "a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs,", "answer_start": 883}], "orig_answer": {"text": "shallow reefs", "answer_span": "a volcanic island fully encircled by shallow reefs,", "answer_start": 883}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What used to be under Swedish rule?", "answers": [{"text": "Guadeloupe", "answer_span": "Guadeloupe was under Swedish rule", "answer_start": 1168}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Guadeloupe", "answer_span": "Guadeloupe was under Swedish rule", "answer_start": 1168}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What language is spoken there?", "answers": [{"text": "French.", "answer_span": "The language, cuisine, and culture, however, are distinctly French.", "answer_start": 1354}], "orig_answer": {"text": "French.", "answer_span": "The language, cuisine, and culture, however, are distinctly French.", "answer_start": 1354}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Swedish symbolism still appears on the coat of arms?", "answers": [{"text": "the Three Crowns", "answer_span": "Symbolism from the Swedish national arms, the Three Crowns, still appears in the island's coat of arms", "answer_start": 1250}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Three Crowns", "answer_span": "Symbolism from the Swedish national arms, the Three Crowns, still appears in the island's coat of arms", "answer_start": 1250}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What lies to the west of the island?", "answers": [{"text": "Puerto Rico", "answer_span": "Puerto Rico is to the west", "answer_start": 338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Puerto Rico", "answer_span": "Puerto Rico is to the west", "answer_start": 338}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what is Puerto Rico in?", "answers": [{"text": "the Greater Antilles.", "answer_span": "Puerto Rico is to the west in the Greater Antilles.", "answer_start": 338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Greater Antilles.", "answer_span": "Puerto Rico is to the west in the Greater Antilles.", "answer_start": 338}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Saint Barth\u00e9lemy volcanic?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy, a volcanic island", "answer_start": 865}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy, a volcanic island", "answer_start": 865}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is its main harbour?", "answers": [{"text": "Gustavia", "answer_span": "Its capital is Gustavia, which also contains the main harbour to the island.", "answer_start": 996}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Gustavia", "answer_span": "Its capital is Gustavia, which also contains the main harbour to the island.", "answer_start": 996}, "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "32z9zlut1lktj30hyd3flj0h5hyhoz"}], "section_title": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy", "background": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy", "title": "Saint Barth\u00e9lemy"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Adult contemporary music (AC) is a style of music, ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the present day, with varying degrees of easy listening, pop, soul, rhythm and blues, quiet storm, and rock influence. Adult contemporary is rather a continuation of the easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s with some adjustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music. \n\nAdult contemporary tends to have lush, soothing and highly polished qualities where emphasis on melody and harmonies is accentuated. It is usually melodic enough to get a listener's attention, and is inoffensive and pleasurable enough to work well as background music. Like most of pop music, its songs tend to be written in a basic format employing a verse\u2013chorus structure. \n\nAdult contemporary is heavy on romantic sentimental ballads which mostly use acoustic instruments (though bass guitar is usually used) such as acoustic guitars, pianos, saxophones, and sometimes an orchestral set. The electric guitars are normally faint and high-pitched. However, recent adult contemporary music may usually feature synthesizers (and other electronics, such as drum machines).", "qas": [{"question": "Adult contemporary music What does AC stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Adult contemporary", "answer_span": "Adult contemporary", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Adult contemporary", "answer_span": "Adult contemporary", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is that?", "answers": [{"text": "style of music", "answer_span": "style of music", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "style of music", "answer_span": "style of music", "answer_start": 35}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that style include?", "answers": [{"text": "ranging from 1960s and 1970s soft rock to ballad-heavy music of today", "answer_span": "ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the present day", "answer_start": 51}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ranging from 1960s and 1970s soft rock to ballad-heavy music of today", "answer_span": "ranging from 1960s vocal and 1970s soft rock music to predominantly ballad-heavy music of the present day", "answer_start": 51}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it considered an extension of?", "answers": [{"text": "easy listening and soft rock style from the 1960s and 1970s", "answer_span": "easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s", "answer_start": 311}], "orig_answer": {"text": "easy listening and soft rock style from the 1960s and 1970s", "answer_span": "easy listening and soft rock style that became popular in the 1960s and 1970s", "answer_start": 311}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What changes have been made?", "answers": [{"text": "adjustments reflecting evolution of pop/rock music.", "answer_span": "djustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music. ", "answer_start": 400}], "orig_answer": {"text": "adjustments reflecting evolution of pop/rock music.", "answer_span": "djustments that reflect the evolution of pop/rock music. ", "answer_start": 400}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a quality that it has?", "answers": [{"text": "Adult contemporary", "answer_span": "Adult contemporary", "answer_start": 260}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Adult contemporary", "answer_span": "Adult contemporary", "answer_start": 260}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it loud and brash or soft and calming?", "answers": [{"text": "It's lush and soothing", "answer_span": "ush, soothing", "answer_start": 493}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It's lush and soothing", "answer_span": "ush, soothing", "answer_start": 493}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a good use for this style?", "answers": [{"text": "background music", "answer_span": "background music", "answer_start": 710}], "orig_answer": {"text": "background music", "answer_span": "background music", "answer_start": 710}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the format of it?", "answers": [{"text": "verse\u2013chorus structure", "answer_span": "verse\u2013chorus structure", "answer_start": 811}], "orig_answer": {"text": "verse\u2013chorus structure", "answer_span": "verse\u2013chorus structure", "answer_start": 811}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there more electric or acoustic sounds?", "answers": [{"text": "acoustic", "answer_span": "Adult contemporary is heavy on romantic sentimental ballads which mostly use acoustic instruments (though bass guitar is usually used) such as acoustic guitars, pianos, saxophones, and sometimes an orchestral set.", "answer_start": 837}], "orig_answer": {"text": "acoustic", "answer_span": "Adult contemporary is heavy on romantic sentimental ballads which mostly use acoustic instruments (though bass guitar is usually used) such as acoustic guitars, pianos, saxophones, and sometimes an orchestral set.", "answer_start": 837}, "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3zv9h2yqqd7mu42kae5nyjctp49w3t"}], "section_title": "Adult contemporary music", "background": "Adult contemporary music", "title": "Adult contemporary music"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "JPEG XR (abbr. for JPEG extended range) is a still-image compression standard and file format for continuous tone photographic images, based on technology originally developed and patented by Microsoft under the name HD Photo (formerly Windows Media Photo). It supports both lossy and lossless compression, and is the preferred image format for Ecma-388 Open XML Paper Specification documents. \n\nSupport for the format is available in Adobe Flash Player 11.0, Adobe AIR 3.0, Sumatra PDF 2.1, Windows Imaging Component, .NET Framework 3.0, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Internet Explorer 9, Internet Explorer 10, Internet Explorer 11, Pale Moon 27.2.As of August 2014, there were still no cameras that shoot photos in the JPEG XR (.JXR) format. \n\nMicrosoft first announced Windows Media Photo at WinHEC 2006, and then renamed it to HD Photo in November of that year. In July 2007, the Joint Photographic Experts Group and Microsoft announced HD Photo to be under consideration to become a JPEG standard known as JPEG XR. On 16 March 2009, JPEG XR was given final approval as ITU-T Recommendation T.832 and starting in April 2009, it became available from the ITU-T in \"pre-published\" form. On 19 June 2009, it passed an ISO/IEC Final Draft International Standard (FDIS) ballot, resulting in final approval as International Standard ISO/IEC 29199-2. The ITU-T updated its publication with a corrigendum approved in December 2009, and ISO/IEC issued a new edition with similar corrections on 30 September 2010.", "qas": [{"question": "JPEG XR Is the JPEG format supported by Adobe Flash Player 11.0?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Support for the format is available in Adobe Flash Player 11.0,", "answer_start": 396}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Support for the format is available in Adobe Flash Player 11.0,", "answer_start": 396}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is JPEG XR short for?", "answers": [{"text": "JPEG extended range", "answer_span": " JPEG extended range", "answer_start": 18}], "orig_answer": {"text": "JPEG extended range", "answer_span": " JPEG extended range", "answer_start": 18}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did Microsoft first announce Windows Media Photo?", "answers": [{"text": "2006", "answer_span": "2006", "answer_start": 809}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "2006", "answer_start": 809}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did they rename it to?", "answers": [{"text": "HD Photo", "answer_span": "HD Photo", "answer_start": 838}], "orig_answer": {"text": "HD Photo", "answer_span": "HD Photo", "answer_start": 838}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "November of that year", "answer_span": "November of that year", "answer_start": 850}], "orig_answer": {"text": "November of that year", "answer_span": "November of that year", "answer_start": 850}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are some of the other technologies that support JPEG XR?", "answers": [{"text": "Adobe AIR 3.0, Sumatra PDF 2.1, Windows Imaging Component, .NET Framework 3.0, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Internet Explorer 9, Internet Explorer 10, Internet Explorer 11", "answer_span": "Adobe AIR 3.0, Sumatra PDF 2.1, Windows Imaging Component, .NET Framework 3.0, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Internet Explorer 9, Internet Explorer 10, Internet Explorer 11", "answer_start": 460}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Adobe AIR 3.0, Sumatra PDF 2.1, Windows Imaging Component, .NET Framework 3.0, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Internet Explorer 9, Internet Explorer 10, Internet Explorer 11", "answer_span": "Adobe AIR 3.0, Sumatra PDF 2.1, Windows Imaging Component, .NET Framework 3.0, Windows Vista, Windows 7, Windows 8, Internet Explorer 9, Internet Explorer 10, Internet Explorer 11", "answer_start": 460}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did microsoft put HD Photo up for consideration to be named JPEG XR?", "answers": [{"text": "July 2007", "answer_span": " July 2007", "answer_start": 875}], "orig_answer": {"text": "July 2007", "answer_span": " July 2007", "answer_start": 875}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it support lossy compression?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " It supports both lossy and lossless compression", "answer_start": 257}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " It supports both lossy and lossless compression", "answer_start": 257}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how about lossless compression?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " and lossless compression", "answer_start": 280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " and lossless compression", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was JPEG XR given final approval?", "answers": [{"text": "16 March 2009", "answer_span": "16 March 2009", "answer_start": 1030}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16 March 2009", "answer_span": "16 March 2009", "answer_start": 1030}, "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3r2pkq87nw85fvqprf6ntrcrauwimc"}], "section_title": "JPEG XR", "background": "JPEG XR", "title": "JPEG XR"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Motown is an American record company. The record company was founded by Berry Gordy Jr. as Tamla Records on January 12, 1959, and was incorporated as Motown Record Corporation on April 14, 1960, in Detroit, Michigan. The name, a portmanteau of \"motor\" and \"town\", has also become a nickname for Detroit. Motown played an important role in the racial integration of popular music as an African American-owned record label that achieved significant crossover success. In the 1960s, Motown and its subsidiary labels (including Tamla Motown, the brand used outside the US) were the most successful proponents of what came to be known as the Motown Sound, a style of soul music with a distinct pop influence. During the 1960s, Motown achieved spectacular success for a small record company: 79 records in the Top Ten of the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 record chart between 1960 and 1969. \n\nFollowing the events of the Detroit Riots of 1967, and the loss of key songwriting/production team Holland-Dozier-Holland the same year over pay disputes, Gordy began relocating Motown to Los Angeles. The move was completed in 1972 and Motown expanded into television and film production, remaining an independent company until June 28, 1988. The company was then sold to MCA Inc. Motown was later sold to PolyGram in 1994, before being sold again to MCA Records' successor, Universal Music Group, when it acquired PolyGram in 1999.", "qas": [{"question": "Motown what company did Berry start?", "answers": [{"text": "Tamla Records", "answer_span": "Tamla Records", "answer_start": 91}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tamla Records", "answer_span": "Tamla Records", "answer_start": 91}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "January 12, 1959", "answer_span": "January 12, 1959", "answer_start": 108}], "orig_answer": {"text": "January 12, 1959", "answer_span": "January 12, 1959", "answer_start": 108}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it now known as?", "answers": [{"text": "Motown Record Corporation", "answer_span": "Motown Record Corporation", "answer_start": 150}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Motown Record Corporation", "answer_span": "Motown Record Corporation", "answer_start": 150}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did it change?", "answers": [{"text": "April 14, 1960", "answer_span": "April 14, 1960", "answer_start": 179}], "orig_answer": {"text": "April 14, 1960", "answer_span": "April 14, 1960", "answer_start": 179}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how did the name originate?", "answers": [{"text": "a mix of \"motor\" and \"town\"", "answer_span": "a portmanteau of \"motor\" and \"town\"", "answer_start": 227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a mix of \"motor\" and \"town\"", "answer_span": "a portmanteau of \"motor\" and \"town\"", "answer_start": 227}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "from what city?", "answers": [{"text": "Detroit", "answer_span": "Detroit", "answer_start": 295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Detroit", "answer_span": "Detroit", "answer_start": 295}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is that also a name for that city?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " has also become a nickname for Detroit.", "answer_start": 263}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " has also become a nickname for Detroit.", "answer_start": 263}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did Motown help with?", "answers": [{"text": "the racial integration of popular music", "answer_span": "the racial integration of popular music ", "answer_start": 339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the racial integration of popular music", "answer_span": "the racial integration of popular music ", "answer_start": 339}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how?", "answers": [{"text": "as an African American-owned record label that achieved significant crossover success.", "answer_span": "as an African American-owned record label that achieved significant crossover success.", "answer_start": 379}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as an African American-owned record label that achieved significant crossover success.", "answer_span": "as an African American-owned record label that achieved significant crossover success.", "answer_start": 379}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what brand was used outside the US?", "answers": [{"text": "Tamla Motown", "answer_span": "Tamla Motown", "answer_start": 524}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tamla Motown", "answer_span": "Tamla Motown", "answer_start": 524}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what style of music did they create?", "answers": [{"text": "soul music with a distinct pop influence", "answer_span": "soul music with a distinct pop influence", "answer_start": 662}], "orig_answer": {"text": "soul music with a distinct pop influence", "answer_span": "soul music with a distinct pop influence", "answer_start": 662}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many top 10 hits were produced early on?", "answers": [{"text": "79 records", "answer_span": "79 records", "answer_start": 786}], "orig_answer": {"text": "79 records", "answer_span": "79 records", "answer_start": 786}, "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "34majl3qp4nal2j008z43rt25le433"}], "section_title": "Motown", "background": "Motown", "title": "Motown"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Government of India (GoI) is the union government created by the constitution of India as the legislative, executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally democratic republic. It is located in New Delhi, the capital of India. \n\nThe full name of India is the Republic of India. The names of India have a long and complex history which stem all the way back to the Greek and Roman times. It is thought that the word Hindustan comes from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which means \"the sea\". This evolved in the word Hindu and Hindustan. India comes from the Indus river and the Greeks and Romans wrote about it as India. This became widespread in their writing and then commonly used to refer to the area between the Indus and the Ganges. As time went on, the British favored using India on their maps and this became more commonplace than Hindustan. \n\nAffecting the Westminster system for governing the state, the union government is mainly composed of the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, in which all powers are vested by the Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court. The President of India is the Head of State and the Supreme Commander of the Indian Armed Forces while the elected Prime Minister acts as the chief executive (of the executive branch) and is responsible for running the union government. There is a bicameral Parliament with the Lok Sabha as a lower house and the Rajya Sabha as an upper house. The judicial branch systematically contains an apex Supreme Court, 24 high courts, and several district courts, all inferior to the Supreme Court.", "qas": [{"question": "Government of India what is the GoI", "answers": [{"text": "Government of India", "answer_span": "Government of India ", "answer_start": 4}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Government of India", "answer_span": "Government of India ", "answer_start": 4}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how was it created", "answers": [{"text": "by the constitution of India", "answer_span": "by the constitution of India", "answer_start": 62}], "orig_answer": {"text": "by the constitution of India", "answer_span": "by the constitution of India", "answer_start": 62}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it located", "answers": [{"text": "New Delhi", "answer_span": "New Delhi", "answer_start": 258}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New Delhi", "answer_span": "New Delhi", "answer_start": 258}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which is", "answers": [{"text": "the capital of India.", "answer_span": "the capital of India. ", "answer_start": 269}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the capital of India.", "answer_span": "the capital of India. ", "answer_start": 269}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many states are in India", "answers": [{"text": "29", "answer_span": " 29", "answer_start": 159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "29", "answer_span": " 29", "answer_start": 159}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many territories", "answers": [{"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven", "answer_start": 174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven", "answer_start": 174}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is Indias full name", "answers": [{"text": "Republic of India", "answer_span": "Republic of India", "answer_start": 323}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Republic of India", "answer_span": "Republic of India", "answer_start": 323}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how far back does the name go", "answers": [{"text": "Greek and Roman times", "answer_span": "Greek and Roman times", "answer_start": 428}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greek and Roman times", "answer_span": "Greek and Roman times", "answer_start": 428}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what word means \"the sea\"", "answers": [{"text": "Sindhu", "answer_span": "Sindhu", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sindhu", "answer_span": "Sindhu", "answer_start": 518}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was another name for India", "answers": [{"text": "Hindustan", "answer_span": "Hindustan", "answer_start": 479}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hindustan", "answer_span": "Hindustan", "answer_start": 479}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where did India come from", "answers": [{"text": "the Indus river", "answer_span": " the Indus river", "answer_start": 611}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Indus river", "answer_span": " the Indus river", "answer_start": 611}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who used it on their maps", "answers": [{"text": "British", "answer_span": "British", "answer_start": 818}], "orig_answer": {"text": "British", "answer_span": "British", "answer_start": 818}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what branches is the government made up of", "answers": [{"text": "executive, legislative, and judicial", "answer_span": " executive, legislative, and judicial", "answer_start": 1015}], "orig_answer": {"text": "executive, legislative, and judicial", "answer_span": " executive, legislative, and judicial", "answer_start": 1015}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who rules over them", "answers": [{"text": "Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court", "answer_span": "Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court", "answer_start": 1101}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court", "answer_span": "Constitution in Parliament, the Prime Minister and the Supreme Court", "answer_start": 1101}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does the president control", "answers": [{"text": "Indian Armed Forces", "answer_span": " Indian Armed Forces", "answer_start": 1247}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Indian Armed Forces", "answer_span": " Indian Armed Forces", "answer_start": 1247}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does the prime min do", "answers": [{"text": "runs the union government", "answer_span": "running the union government", "answer_start": 1378}], "orig_answer": {"text": "runs the union government", "answer_span": "running the union government", "answer_start": 1378}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who is the lower house in parliament", "answers": [{"text": "Lok Sabha", "answer_span": "Lok Sabha", "answer_start": 1449}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lok Sabha", "answer_span": "Lok Sabha", "answer_start": 1449}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and the upper?", "answers": [{"text": "Rajya Sabha", "answer_span": "Rajya Sabha", "answer_start": 1484}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rajya Sabha", "answer_span": "Rajya Sabha", "answer_start": 1484}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many high courts are there", "answers": [{"text": "24", "answer_span": " 24", "answer_start": 1581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "24", "answer_span": " 24", "answer_start": 1581}, "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3txd01zld4hukwwjfsv5q0j2ivk4ur"}], "section_title": "Government of India", "background": "Government of India", "title": "Government of India"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) is a set of communication standards for simultaneous digital transmission of voice, video, data, and other network services over the traditional circuits of the public switched telephone network. It was first defined in 1988 in the CCITT red book. Prior to ISDN, the telephone system was viewed as a way to transport voice, with some special services available for data. The key feature of ISDN is that it integrates speech and data on the same lines, adding features that were not available in the classic telephone system. The ISDN standards define several kinds of access interfaces, such as Basic Rate Interface (BRI), Primary Rate Interface (PRI), Narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN), and Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN). \n\nISDN is a circuit-switched telephone network system, which also provides access to packet switched networks, designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires, resulting in potentially better voice quality than an analog phone can provide. It offers circuit-switched connections (for either voice or data), and packet-switched connections (for data), in increments of 64 kilobit/s. In some countries, ISDN found major market application for Internet access, in which ISDN typically provides a maximum of 128 kbit/s bandwidth in both upstream and downstream directions. Channel bonding can achieve a greater data rate; typically the ISDN B-channels of three or four BRIs (six to eight 64 kbit/s channels) are bonded.", "qas": [{"question": "Integrated Services Digital Network When was ISDN first defined?", "answers": [{"text": "1988", "answer_span": " 1988", "answer_start": 262}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1988", "answer_span": " 1988", "answer_start": 262}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "in the CCITT red book", "answer_span": "in the CCITT red book", "answer_start": 268}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the CCITT red book", "answer_span": "in the CCITT red book", "answer_start": 268}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Integrated Services Digital Network", "answer_span": "Integrated Services Digital Network", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Integrated Services Digital Network", "answer_span": "Integrated Services Digital Network", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it support video?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "with some special services available for data", "answer_start": 367}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "with some special services available for data", "answer_start": 367}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "speech", "answer_span": " speech ", "answer_start": 459}], "orig_answer": {"text": "speech", "answer_span": " speech ", "answer_start": 459}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its key feature?", "answers": [{"text": "it integrates speech and data on the same lines", "answer_span": " it integrates speech and data on the same lines", "answer_start": 445}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it integrates speech and data on the same lines", "answer_span": " it integrates speech and data on the same lines", "answer_start": 445}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was this available before?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " adding features that were not available in the classic telephone system.", "answer_start": 494}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " adding features that were not available in the classic telephone system.", "answer_start": 494}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does BRI stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Basic Rate Interface", "answer_span": "Basic Rate Interface", "answer_start": 638}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Basic Rate Interface", "answer_span": "Basic Rate Interface", "answer_start": 638}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of interface is BRI?", "answers": [{"text": "access interface", "answer_span": "access interface", "answer_start": 611}], "orig_answer": {"text": "access interface", "answer_span": "access interface", "answer_start": 611}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you name other kinds?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Primary Rate Interface ", "answer_start": 666}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Primary Rate Interface ", "answer_start": 666}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the name of two others?", "answers": [{"text": "Narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN), and Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN)", "answer_span": " Narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN), and Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN)", "answer_start": 695}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN), and Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN)", "answer_span": " Narrowband ISDN (N-ISDN), and Broadband ISDN (B-ISDN)", "answer_start": 695}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of switches does ISDN use?", "answers": [{"text": "circuit-switches", "answer_span": " circuit-switched", "answer_start": 762}], "orig_answer": {"text": "circuit-switches", "answer_span": " circuit-switched", "answer_start": 762}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you utilize any others?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " packet-switched connections ", "answer_start": 1107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " packet-switched connections ", "answer_start": 1107}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which one?", "answers": [{"text": "packet-switched", "answer_span": "packet-switched", "answer_start": 1108}], "orig_answer": {"text": "packet-switched", "answer_span": "packet-switched", "answer_start": 1108}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that do?", "answers": [{"text": "carries data", "answer_span": "for data", "answer_start": 1137}], "orig_answer": {"text": "carries data", "answer_span": "for data", "answer_start": 1137}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of wire is used?", "answers": [{"text": "copper", "answer_span": " copper ", "answer_start": 942}], "orig_answer": {"text": "copper", "answer_span": " copper ", "answer_start": 942}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does this lead to better or worse quality?", "answers": [{"text": "Better", "answer_span": "designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires, resulting in potentially better voice quality ", "answer_start": 862}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Better", "answer_span": "designed to allow digital transmission of voice and data over ordinary telephone copper wires, resulting in potentially better voice quality ", "answer_start": 862}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many kilobits are utilized?", "answers": [{"text": "64 kilobit/s", "answer_span": " 64 kilobit/s", "answer_start": 1164}], "orig_answer": {"text": "64 kilobit/s", "answer_span": " 64 kilobit/s", "answer_start": 1164}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Whats the max bandwidth?", "answers": [{"text": "128 kbit/s", "answer_span": "128 kbit/s", "answer_start": 1301}], "orig_answer": {"text": "128 kbit/s", "answer_span": "128 kbit/s", "answer_start": 1301}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that for both directions?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " in both upstream and downstream directions", "answer_start": 1321}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " in both upstream and downstream directions", "answer_start": 1321}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can result in a higher rate?", "answers": [{"text": "Channel bonding", "answer_span": " Channel bonding ", "answer_start": 1365}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Channel bonding", "answer_span": " Channel bonding ", "answer_start": 1365}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#21", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many are bonded?", "answers": [{"text": "three or four", "answer_span": " three or four", "answer_start": 1447}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three or four", "answer_span": " three or four", "answer_start": 1447}, "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi_q#22", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "34yb12fsqyorj4ku1r6k8fzbvh4gmi"}], "section_title": "Integrated Services Digital Network", "background": "Integrated Services Digital Network", "title": "Integrated Services Digital Network"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission, infringing certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works. The copyright holder is typically the work's creator, or a publisher or other business to whom copyright has been assigned. Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement. \n\nCopyright infringement disputes are usually resolved through direct negotiation, a notice and take down process, or litigation in civil court. Egregious or large-scale commercial infringement, especially when it involves counterfeiting, is sometimes prosecuted via the criminal justice system. Shifting public expectations, advances in digital technology, and the increasing reach of the Internet have led to such widespread, anonymous infringement that copyright-dependent industries now focus less on pursuing individuals who seek and share copyright-protected content online, and more on expanding copyright law to recognize and penalize \u2013 as \"indirect\" infringers \u2013 the service providers and software distributors which are said to facilitate and encourage individual acts of infringement by others.", "qas": [{"question": "Copyright infringement who normally holds a copyright?", "answers": [{"text": "the work's creator", "answer_span": "The copyright holder is typically the work's creator", "answer_start": 271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the work's creator", "answer_span": "The copyright holder is typically the work's creator", "answer_start": 271}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who else can hold one?", "answers": [{"text": "a publisher", "answer_span": "The copyright holder is typically the work's creator, or a publisher", "answer_start": 271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a publisher", "answer_span": "The copyright holder is typically the work's creator, or a publisher", "answer_start": 271}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "if you use a protected work without permission, what is it known as?", "answers": [{"text": "Copyright infringement", "answer_span": "Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Copyright infringement", "answer_span": "Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how are disputes usually resolved with respect to copyright infringement?", "answers": [{"text": "direct negotiation", "answer_span": "Copyright infringement disputes are usually resolved through direct negotiation", "answer_start": 513}], "orig_answer": {"text": "direct negotiation", "answer_span": "Copyright infringement disputes are usually resolved through direct negotiation", "answer_start": 513}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who has the right to reproduce work?", "answers": [{"text": "copyright holder", "answer_span": "certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce,", "answer_start": 101}], "orig_answer": {"text": "copyright holder", "answer_span": "certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce,", "answer_start": 101}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what measures do they take to prevent infringement of their work?", "answers": [{"text": "invoke legal and technological measures", "answer_span": "Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement. \n", "answer_start": 395}], "orig_answer": {"text": "invoke legal and technological measures", "answer_span": "Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement. \n", "answer_start": 395}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what happens to people who infringe in a big way?", "answers": [{"text": "prosecuted via the criminal justice system", "answer_span": "Egregious or large-scale commercial infringement, especially when it involves counterfeiting, is sometimes prosecuted via the criminal justice system. ", "answer_start": 656}], "orig_answer": {"text": "prosecuted via the criminal justice system", "answer_span": "Egregious or large-scale commercial infringement, especially when it involves counterfeiting, is sometimes prosecuted via the criminal justice system. ", "answer_start": 656}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "has advanced technology made infringement more widespread?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Shifting public expectations, advances in digital technology, and the increasing reach of the Internet have led to such widespread, ", "answer_start": 807}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Shifting public expectations, advances in digital technology, and the increasing reach of the Internet have led to such widespread, ", "answer_start": 807}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do copyright industries focus more on individuals or more or indirect infringers?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "anonymous infringement that copyright-dependent industries now focus less on pursuing individuals who seek and share copyright-protected content online, and more on expanding copyright law to recognize and penalize", "answer_start": 939}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "anonymous infringement that copyright-dependent industries now focus less on pursuing individuals who seek and share copyright-protected content online, and more on expanding copyright law to recognize and penalize", "answer_start": 939}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are copyright cases sometimes litigated in civil court?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "or litigation in civil court. ", "answer_start": 626}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "or litigation in civil court. ", "answer_start": 626}, "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3wqq9fus6aug7yafr44n2m7jvpi8bg"}], "section_title": "Copyright infringement", "background": "Copyright infringement", "title": "Copyright infringement"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1830. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover\u2014George I, George II, George III, and George IV\u2014who reigned in continuous succession from August 1714 to June 1830. The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture and in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture; in both it is also called Georgian Revival architecture. In America the term \"Georgian\" is generally used to describe all building from the period, regardless of style; in Britain it is generally restricted to buildings that are \"architectural in intention\", and have stylistic characteristics that are typical of the period, though that covers a wide range. \n\nThe style of Georgian buildings is very variable, but marked by a taste for symmetry and proportion based on the classical architecture of Greece and Rome, as revived in Renaissance architecture. Ornament is also normally in the classical tradition, but typically rather restrained, and sometimes almost completely absent on the exterior. The period brought the vocabulary of classical architecture to smaller and more modest buildings than had been the case before, replacing English vernacular architecture (or becoming the new vernacular style) for almost all new middle-class homes and public buildings by the end of the period.", "qas": [{"question": "Georgian architecture What did it replace by the end?", "answers": [{"text": "English vernacular architecture", "answer_span": "replacing English vernacular architecture (or becoming the new vernacular style", "answer_start": 1338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "English vernacular architecture", "answer_span": "replacing English vernacular architecture (or becoming the new vernacular style", "answer_start": 1338}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What types of homes?", "answers": [{"text": "new middle-class homes and public buildings", "answer_span": "new middle-class homes and public buildings ", "answer_start": 1434}], "orig_answer": {"text": "new middle-class homes and public buildings", "answer_span": "new middle-class homes and public buildings ", "answer_start": 1434}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What terms described the building in the  Us", "answers": [{"text": "Georgian", "answer_span": "Georgian", "answer_start": 588}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Georgian", "answer_span": "Georgian", "answer_start": 588}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was this style popular?", "answers": [{"text": "between 1714 and 1830", "answer_span": " between 1714 and 1830", "answer_start": 117}], "orig_answer": {"text": "between 1714 and 1830", "answer_span": " between 1714 and 1830", "answer_start": 117}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who ruled during this time?", "answers": [{"text": "George I, George II, George III, and George IV", "answer_span": "George I, George II, George III, and George IV", "answer_start": 217}], "orig_answer": {"text": "George I, George II, George III, and George IV", "answer_span": "George I, George II, George III, and George IV", "answer_start": 217}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it die with the last ruler?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture", "answer_start": 332}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture", "answer_start": 332}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it brought back?", "answers": [{"text": "late 19th century", "answer_span": " late 19th century", "answer_start": 360}], "orig_answer": {"text": "late 19th century", "answer_span": " late 19th century", "answer_start": 360}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what country?", "answers": [{"text": "the United States", "answer_span": "the United States", "answer_start": 382}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the United States", "answer_span": "the United States", "answer_start": 382}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it get revived somewhere else?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1830. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover\u2014George I, George II, George III, and George IV\u2014who reigned in continuous succession from August 1714 to June 1830. The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture and in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture; in both it is also called Georgian Revival architecture. In America the term \"Georgian\" is generally used to describe all building from the period, regardless of style; in Britain it is generally restricted to buildings that are \"architectural in intention\", and have stylistic characteristics that are typical of the period, though that covers a wide range. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Georgian architecture is the name given in most English-speaking countries to the set of architectural styles current between 1714 and 1830. It is eponymous for the first four British monarchs of the House of Hanover\u2014George I, George II, George III, and George IV\u2014who reigned in continuous succession from August 1714 to June 1830. The style was revived in the late 19th century in the United States as Colonial Revival architecture and in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture; in both it is also called Georgian Revival architecture. In America the term \"Georgian\" is generally used to describe all building from the period, regardless of style; in Britain it is generally restricted to buildings that are \"architectural in intention\", and have stylistic characteristics that are typical of the period, though that covers a wide range. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Great Britain", "answer_span": "Great Britain", "answer_start": 466}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Great Britain", "answer_span": "Great Britain", "answer_start": 466}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it called the same?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "nd in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture", "answer_start": 434}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "nd in the early 20th century in Great Britain as Neo-Georgian architecture", "answer_start": 434}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it also known as?", "answers": [{"text": "Neo-Georgian architecture", "answer_span": " Neo-Georgian architecture", "answer_start": 482}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Neo-Georgian architecture", "answer_span": " Neo-Georgian architecture", "answer_start": 482}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the style restricted  too?", "answers": [{"text": "generally buildings.", "answer_span": " generally restricted to buildings that are \"architectural in intention\",", "answer_start": 695}], "orig_answer": {"text": "generally buildings.", "answer_span": " generally restricted to buildings that are \"architectural in intention\",", "answer_start": 695}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was some key points of the style?", "answers": [{"text": "symmetry and proportion", "answer_span": "symmetry and proportion based on the classical architecture of Greece and Rome,", "answer_start": 947}], "orig_answer": {"text": "symmetry and proportion", "answer_span": "symmetry and proportion based on the classical architecture of Greece and Rome,", "answer_start": 947}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Based of what?", "answers": [{"text": "classical architecture of Greece and Rome", "answer_span": " classical architecture of Greece and Rome", "answer_start": 983}], "orig_answer": {"text": "classical architecture of Greece and Rome", "answer_span": " classical architecture of Greece and Rome", "answer_start": 983}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were there variables?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Ornament is also normally in the classical tradition, but typically rather restrained, and sometimes almost completely absent on the exterior. T", "answer_start": 1066}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Ornament is also normally in the classical tradition, but typically rather restrained, and sometimes almost completely absent on the exterior. T", "answer_start": 1066}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was sometimes left off?", "answers": [{"text": "Ornament", "answer_span": "Ornament ", "answer_start": 1067}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ornament", "answer_span": "Ornament ", "answer_start": 1067}, "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3r3yrb5grf39mlc0ot5w3352aymuak"}], "section_title": "Georgian architecture", "background": "Georgian architecture", "title": "Georgian architecture"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (Literally \"Frankfurt on the Main\", ), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse and the fifth-largest city in Germany, with a 2015 population of 732,688 within its administrative boundaries, and 2.3\u00a0million in its urban area. The city is at the centre of the larger Frankfurt Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region, which has a population of 5.5\u00a0million and is Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after Rhine-Ruhr. Since the enlargement of the European Union in 2013, the geographic centre of the EU is about to the east of Frankfurt's CBD, the Bankenviertel. Frankfurt is culturally and ethnically diverse, with around half of the population, and a majority of young people, having a migration background. A quarter of the population are foreign nationals, including many expatriates. \n\nFrankfurt is an alpha world city and a global hub for commerce, culture, education, tourism and transportation. It's the site of many global and European corporate headquarters. Frankfurt Airport is among the world's busiest. Frankfurt is the major financial centre of the European continent, with the HQs of the European Central Bank, German Federal Bank, Frankfurt Stock Exchange, Deutsche Bank, Commerzbank, DZ Bank, KfW, several cloud and fintech startups and other institutes. Automotive, technology and research, services, consulting, media and creative industries complement the economic base. Frankfurt's DE-CIX is the world's largest internet exchange point. Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs. Major fairs include the Frankfurt Motor Show, the world's largest motor show, the Music Fair, and the Frankfurt Book Fair, the world's largest book fair.", "qas": [{"question": "Frankfurt What is the largest city in Hesse?", "answers": [{"text": "Frankfurt", "answer_span": "Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (Literally \"Frankfurt on the Main\", ), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Frankfurt", "answer_span": "Frankfurt, officially Frankfurt am Main (Literally \"Frankfurt on the Main\", ), is a metropolis and the largest city in the German state of Hesse", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the largest city in Germany?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "the fifth-largest city in Germany,", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the fifth-largest city in Germany,", "answer_start": 149}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many are larger?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "the fifth-largest city in Germany", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "the fifth-largest city in Germany", "answer_start": 149}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Hesse?", "answers": [{"text": "a German state", "answer_span": " the German state of Hesse", "answer_start": 118}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a German state", "answer_span": " the German state of Hesse", "answer_start": 118}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Frankfurt's CBD?", "answers": [{"text": "the Bankenviertel", "answer_span": "Frankfurt's CBD, the Bankenviertel", "answer_start": 590}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Bankenviertel", "answer_span": "Frankfurt's CBD, the Bankenviertel", "answer_start": 590}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are many people in Frankfurt from elsewhere?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " a majority of young people, having a migration background", "answer_start": 713}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " a majority of young people, having a migration background", "answer_start": 713}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "About what portion are from elsewhere?", "answers": [{"text": "around half", "answer_span": " around half of the population, and a majority of young people, having a migration background", "answer_start": 678}], "orig_answer": {"text": "around half", "answer_span": " around half of the population, and a majority of young people, having a migration background", "answer_start": 678}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Most migrants to Frankfurt are elderly.", "answers": [{"text": "False.", "answer_span": "a majority of young people, having a migration background", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "False.", "answer_span": "a majority of young people, having a migration background", "answer_start": 714}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of one of the financial institutions headquartered in Frankfurt?", "answers": [{"text": "the European Central Bank", "answer_span": "with the HQs of the European Central Bank", "answer_start": 1147}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the European Central Bank", "answer_span": "with the HQs of the European Central Bank", "answer_start": 1147}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "the German Federal Bank", "answer_span": "the HQs of the European Central Bank, German Federal Bank", "answer_start": 1152}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the German Federal Bank", "answer_span": "the HQs of the European Central Bank, German Federal Bank", "answer_start": 1152}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And one more?", "answers": [{"text": "Deutsche Bank", "answer_span": "the HQs of the European Central Bank, German Federal Bank, Frankfurt Stock Exchange, Deutsche Bank", "answer_start": 1152}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Deutsche Bank", "answer_span": "the HQs of the European Central Bank, German Federal Bank, Frankfurt Stock Exchange, Deutsche Bank", "answer_start": 1152}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the city have tech startups?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "several cloud and fintech startups", "answer_start": 1279}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "several cloud and fintech startups", "answer_start": 1279}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Messe Frankfurt?", "answers": [{"text": "a trade fair", "answer_span": "Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs.", "answer_start": 1522}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a trade fair", "answer_span": "Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs.", "answer_start": 1522}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it large?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs.", "answer_start": 1522}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs.", "answer_start": 1522}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How large?", "answers": [{"text": "one of the world's largest", "answer_span": "Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs.", "answer_start": 1522}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one of the world's largest", "answer_span": "Messe Frankfurt is one of the world's largest trade fairs.", "answer_start": 1522}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another notable fair there?", "answers": [{"text": "the Frankfurt Motor Show", "answer_span": "Major fairs include the Frankfurt Motor Show", "answer_start": 1581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Frankfurt Motor Show", "answer_span": "Major fairs include the Frankfurt Motor Show", "answer_start": 1581}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "the Frankfurt Book Fair", "answer_span": " the Frankfurt Book Fair, the world's largest book fair", "answer_start": 1678}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Frankfurt Book Fair", "answer_span": " the Frankfurt Book Fair, the world's largest book fair", "answer_start": 1678}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there a music fair?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Music Fair", "answer_start": 1659}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Music Fair", "answer_start": 1659}, "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3gs6s824sqxty8vusxp27xazutmnw2"}], "section_title": "Frankfurt", "background": "Frankfurt", "title": "Frankfurt"}]}