{"data": [{"paragraphs": [{"context": "Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York. In the southwest of the city, Staten Island is the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York, with Conference House Park at the southern tip of the island and the state. The borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull, and from the rest of New York by New York Bay. With a 2016 Census-estimated population of 476,015, Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs but is the third-largest in area at . Staten Island is the only borough of New York with a non-Hispanic White majority. The borough is coextensive with Richmond County, and until 1975 was the Borough of Richmond. Its flag was later changed to reflect this. Staten Island has been sometimes called \"the forgotten borough\" by inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government. \n\nThe North Shore\u2014especially the neighborhoods of St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton\u2014is the most urban part of the island; it contains the designated St. George Historic District and the St. Paul's Avenue-Stapleton Heights Historic District, which feature large Victorian houses. The East Shore is home to the F.D.R. Boardwalk, the fourth-longest in the world. The South Shore, site of the 17th-century Dutch and French Huguenot settlement, developed rapidly beginning in the 1960s and 1970s and is now mostly suburban in character. The West Shore is the least populated and most industrial part of the island.", "qas": [{"question": "Staten Island How many burroughs are there?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five boroughs", "answer_start": 28}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 28}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in what city?", "answers": [{"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "New York City", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "New York City", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": " New York City", "answer_start": 44}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "New York City", "answer_start": 45}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and state?", "answers": [{"text": "New York", "answer_span": "New York", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "New York.", "answer_span": "Staten Island is one of the five boroughs of New York City in the U.S. state of New York. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "New York", "answer_span": "New York", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "New York", "answer_span": " New York", "answer_start": 79}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New York", "answer_span": "New York", "answer_start": 80}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is staten island one?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "one ", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Staten Island is one of the five boroughs", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Staten Island is one of the five boroughs o", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Staten Island", "answer_start": 120}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "one ", "answer_start": 17}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it?", "answers": [{"text": "In the southwest of the city", "answer_span": ". In the southwest of the city,", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "In the southwest of the city", "answer_span": " In the southwest of the city", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York", "answer_span": "the southernmost part of both the city and state of New York", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "southernmost part of both the city and state of New York", "answer_span": " southernmost part of both the city and state of New York", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In the southwest of the city", "answer_span": ". In the southwest of the city,", "answer_start": 88}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What separates it from new jersey?", "answers": [{"text": "Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_span": " Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull,", "answer_span": " The borough is separated from New Jersey by the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull,", "answer_start": 274}, {"text": "the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_span": "the Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_start": 319}, {"text": "Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_span": "Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_start": 323}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_span": " Arthur Kill and the Kill Van Kull", "answer_start": 322}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its population?", "answers": [{"text": "476,015", "answer_span": "476,015", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "476,015,", "answer_span": " With a 2016 Census-estimated population of 476,015,", "answer_start": 404}, {"text": "476,015", "answer_span": "476,015", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "476,015", "answer_span": "476,015", "answer_start": 448}], "orig_answer": {"text": "476,015", "answer_span": "476,015", "answer_start": 448}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the most populated?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " least populated", "answer_start": 477}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "With a 2016 Census-estimated population of 476,015, Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs", "answer_start": 405}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Staten Island is the least populated of the boroughs", "answer_start": 457}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " least populated of the boroughs ", "answer_start": 477}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " least populated", "answer_start": 477}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what ethnicity is the majority?", "answers": [{"text": "non-Hispanic White", "answer_span": " non-Hispanic White ", "answer_start": 600}, {"text": "a non-Hispanic White majority", "answer_span": "Staten Island is the only borough of New York with a non-Hispanic White majority", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "a non-Hispanic White majority", "answer_span": "a non-Hispanic White majority", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "non-Hispanic White", "answer_span": "non-Hispanic White", "answer_start": 601}], "orig_answer": {"text": "non-Hispanic White", "answer_span": " non-Hispanic White ", "answer_start": 600}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it sometimes called?", "answers": [{"text": "the forgotten borough", "answer_span": "the forgotten borough", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "\"the forgotten borough\"", "answer_span": "Staten Island has been sometimes called \"the forgotten borough\" by inhabitants ", "answer_start": 767}, {"text": "the forgotten borough", "answer_span": "the forgotten borough", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "\"the forgotten borough\"", "answer_span": "\"the forgotten borough\"", "answer_start": 807}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the forgotten borough", "answer_span": "the forgotten borough", "answer_start": 808}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why?", "answers": [{"text": "because the inhabitants feel neglected by the city government", "answer_span": "by inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government. \n", "answer_start": 831}, {"text": "inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government.", "answer_span": " Staten Island has been sometimes called \"the forgotten borough\" by inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government. \n", "answer_start": 766}, {"text": "inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government.", "answer_span": "inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government.", "answer_start": 834}, {"text": "inhabitants feel neglected by the city government.", "answer_span": " inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government.", "answer_start": 833}], "orig_answer": {"text": "because the inhabitants feel neglected by the city government", "answer_span": "by inhabitants who feel neglected by the city government. \n", "answer_start": 831}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the most urban part?", "answers": [{"text": "North Shore", "answer_span": " North Shore", "answer_start": 894}, {"text": "The North Shore", "answer_span": "The North Shore\u2014especially the neighborhoods of St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton\u2014is the most urban part of the island; i", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "The North Shore", "answer_span": "The North Shore", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "The North Shore", "answer_span": "The North Shore", "answer_start": 891}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North Shore", "answer_span": " North Shore", "answer_start": 894}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which neighborhoods?", "answers": [{"text": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_span": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_start": 939}, {"text": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_span": "especially the neighborhoods of St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_start": 907}, {"text": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_span": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_start": 939}, {"text": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_span": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_start": 939}], "orig_answer": {"text": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_span": "St. George, Tompkinsville, Clifton, and Stapleton", "answer_start": 939}, "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3tayzsbpll8425psm9hhik4gdl02sc"}], "section_title": "Staten Island", "background": "Staten Island", "title": "Staten Island"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "OCLC, currently incorporated as OCLC Online Computer Library Center, Incorporated, is an American nonprofit cooperative organization \"dedicated to the public purposes of furthering access to the world's information and reducing information costs\". It was founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center. OCLC and its member libraries cooperatively produce and maintain WorldCat, the largest online public access catalog (OPAC) in the world. OCLC is funded mainly by the fees that libraries have to pay for its services (around $200\u00a0million annually ). \n\nOCLC began in 1967, as the Ohio College Library Center, through a collaboration of Ohio university presidents, vice presidents, and library directors who wanted to create a cooperative, computerized network for Ohio libraries. The group first met on July 5, 1967 on the campus of the Ohio State University to sign the articles of incorporation for the nonprofit organization. The group hired Frederick G. Kilgour, a former Yale University medical school librarian, to design the shared cataloging system. Kilgour wished to merge the latest information storage and retrieval system of the time, the computer, with the oldest, the library. The plan was to merge the catalogs of Ohio libraries electronically through a computer network and database to streamline operations, control costs, and increase efficiency in library management. The goal of this network and database was to bring libraries together to cooperatively keep track of the world's information to best serve researchers and scholars. The first library to do online cataloging through OCLC was the Alden Library at Ohio University on August 26, 1971. This was the first occurrence of online cataloging by any library worldwide.", "qas": [{"question": "OCLC What is the main topic?", "answers": [{"text": "OCLC", "answer_span": "OCLC", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "OCLC", "answer_span": "OCLC, currently incorporated as OCLC Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "OCLC", "answer_span": "OCLC ", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_span": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 37}], "orig_answer": {"text": "OCLC", "answer_span": "OCLC", "answer_start": 32}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_span": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 37}, {"text": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_span": "OCLC Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_span": " Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 36}, {"text": "OCLC Online Computer Library Center", "answer_span": "OCLC Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 32}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_span": "Online Computer Library Center", "answer_start": 37}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it begin?", "answers": [{"text": "1967", "answer_span": "1967", "answer_start": 571}, {"text": "1967", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1967", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "1967", "answer_span": "1967 ", "answer_start": 266}, {"text": "1967", "answer_span": " 1967", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1967", "answer_span": "1967", "answer_start": 571}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it founded the same year?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " July 5, 1967", "answer_start": 806}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1967", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1967", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "OCLC began in 1967", "answer_start": 557}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " July 5, 1967", "answer_start": 806}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Ohio", "answer_span": "Ohio", "answer_start": 278}, {"text": "Ohio", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1967 as the Ohio College Library Center", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "Ohio", "answer_span": "Ohio ", "answer_start": 278}, {"text": "Ohio College", "answer_span": "Ohio College", "answer_start": 278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ohio", "answer_span": "Ohio", "answer_start": 278}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What location there?", "answers": [{"text": "Ohio State University", "answer_span": "Ohio State University", "answer_start": 841}, {"text": "the Ohio State University", "answer_span": " on the campus of the Ohio State University", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "Ohio State University", "answer_span": " Ohio State University", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "Ohio College", "answer_span": "Ohio College", "answer_start": 278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ohio State University", "answer_span": "Ohio State University", "answer_start": 841}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Yale student was hired by the organization?", "answers": [{"text": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_span": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_span": "Frederick G. Kilgour, a former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_span": " Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_start": 948}, {"text": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_span": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_start": 949}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_span": "Frederick G. Kilgour", "answer_start": 949}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he currently enrolled at the University?", "answers": [{"text": "He is not", "answer_span": "a former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 971}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "a former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 971}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 973}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "a former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 971}], "orig_answer": {"text": "He is not", "answer_span": "a former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 971}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his profession while there?", "answers": [{"text": "medical school librarian", "answer_span": " medical school librarian", "answer_start": 995}, {"text": "medical school librarian", "answer_span": "a former Yale University medical school librarian", "answer_start": 971}, {"text": "librarian", "answer_span": "librarian", "answer_start": 1011}, {"text": "designing the shared cataloging system", "answer_span": "design the shared cataloging system", "answer_start": 1025}], "orig_answer": {"text": "medical school librarian", "answer_span": " medical school librarian", "answer_start": 995}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does OCLC produce and maintain?", "answers": [{"text": "WorldCat", "answer_span": "WorldCat", "answer_start": 372}, {"text": "WorldCat,", "answer_span": "produce and maintain WorldCat,", "answer_start": 351}, {"text": "WorldCat", "answer_span": "WorldCat", "answer_start": 372}, {"text": "WorldCat", "answer_span": "WorldCat", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "WorldCat", "answer_span": "WorldCat", "answer_start": 372}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the group first gather?", "answers": [{"text": "July 5, 1967", "answer_span": " July 5, 1967 ", "answer_start": 806}, {"text": "July 5, 1967", "answer_span": "The group first met on July 5, 1967", "answer_start": 784}, {"text": "July 5, 1967", "answer_span": "July 5, 1967", "answer_start": 807}, {"text": "July 5, 1967", "answer_span": "July 5, 1967", "answer_start": 807}], "orig_answer": {"text": "July 5, 1967", "answer_span": " July 5, 1967 ", "answer_start": 806}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Ohio State University", "answer_span": "Ohio State University ", "answer_start": 841}, {"text": "the Ohio State University", "answer_span": "on the campus of the Ohio State University", "answer_start": 820}, {"text": "on the campus of the Ohio State University", "answer_span": "on the campus of the Ohio State University", "answer_start": 820}, {"text": "Ohio State University", "answer_span": "Ohio State University", "answer_start": 841}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ohio State University", "answer_span": "Ohio State University ", "answer_start": 841}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which was the first online library through them?", "answers": [{"text": "Alden Library", "answer_span": " Alden Library", "answer_start": 1618}, {"text": "the Alden Library", "answer_span": "The first library to do online cataloging through OCLC was the Alden Library", "answer_start": 1556}, {"text": "Alden Library", "answer_span": " Alden Library", "answer_start": 1618}, {"text": "Alden Library", "answer_span": "Alden Library", "answer_start": 1619}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Alden Library", "answer_span": " Alden Library", "answer_start": 1618}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Ohio University", "answer_span": "Ohio University", "answer_start": 1636}, {"text": "Ohio University", "answer_span": "Alden Library at Ohio University", "answer_start": 1619}, {"text": "Ohio University", "answer_span": "Ohio University", "answer_start": 1636}, {"text": "Ohio University", "answer_span": "Ohio University ", "answer_start": 1636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ohio University", "answer_span": "Ohio University", "answer_start": 1636}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What could the site do?", "answers": [{"text": "online cataloging", "answer_span": " online cataloging", "answer_start": 1579}, {"text": "increase efficiency in library management", "answer_span": "increase efficiency in library management", "answer_start": 1348}, {"text": "treamline operations, control costs, and increase efficiency in library management.", "answer_span": "treamline operations, control costs, and increase efficiency in library management.", "answer_start": 1307}, {"text": "online cataloging", "answer_span": "online cataloging", "answer_start": 1580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "online cataloging", "answer_span": " online cataloging", "answer_start": 1579}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "On what date did this happen?", "answers": [{"text": "August 26, 1971", "answer_span": " August 26, 1971", "answer_start": 1654}, {"text": "August 26, 1971", "answer_span": "on August 26, 1971", "answer_start": 1652}, {"text": "August 26, 1971.", "answer_span": " August 26, 1971.", "answer_start": 1654}, {"text": "August 26, 1971", "answer_span": "August 26, 1971", "answer_start": 1655}], "orig_answer": {"text": "August 26, 1971", "answer_span": " August 26, 1971", "answer_start": 1654}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Had this been done before?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " This was the first occurrence of online cataloging by any library worldwid", "answer_start": 1671}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "This was the first occurrence of online cataloging by any library worldwide", "answer_start": 1672}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " This was the first occurrence of online cataloging", "answer_start": 1671}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "This was the first occurrence of online cataloging by any library worldwide.", "answer_start": 1672}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " This was the first occurrence of online cataloging by any library worldwid", "answer_start": 1671}, "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3eqhhy4hqsstbxzo9spyrdop9ks5gr"}], "section_title": "OCLC", "background": "OCLC", "title": "OCLC"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Buckinghamshire ( or ), abbreviated Bucks, is a county in South East England which borders Greater London to the south east, Berkshire to the south, Oxfordshire to the west, Northamptonshire to the north, Bedfordshire to the north east and Hertfordshire to the east. \n\nBuckinghamshire is one of the home counties and towns such as High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts in the east and southeast of the county are parts of the London commuter belt, forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county. Development in this region is restricted by the Metropolitan Green Belt. Other large settlements include the county town of Aylesbury, Marlow in the south near the Thames and Princes Risborough in the west near Oxford. Some areas without direct rail links to London, such as around the old county town of Buckingham and near Olney in the northeast, are much less populous. The largest town is Milton Keynes in the northeast, which with the surrounding area is administered as a unitary authority separately to the rest of Buckinghamshire. The remainder of the county is administered by Buckinghamshire County Council as a non-metropolitan county, and four district councils. In national elections, Buckinghamshire is considered a reliable supporter of the Conservative Party.", "qas": [{"question": "Buckinghamshire what county is this article discussing", "answers": [{"text": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_span": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_span": "Buckinghamshire ( or ), abbreviated Bucks, is a county in South East England ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_span": "Buckinghamshire ( or ), abbreviated Bucks, is a county", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_span": "Buckinghamshire ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_span": "Buckinghamshire", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it located", "answers": [{"text": "South East England", "answer_span": "South East England", "answer_start": 58}, {"text": "South East England", "answer_span": "Buckinghamshire ( or ), abbreviated Bucks, is a county in South East England w", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "South East England", "answer_span": " is a county in South East England", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "South East England", "answer_span": "South East England", "answer_start": 58}], "orig_answer": {"text": "South East England", "answer_span": "South East England", "answer_start": 58}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what borders it to the southeast", "answers": [{"text": "Greater London", "answer_span": "Greater London", "answer_start": 91}, {"text": "Greater London", "answer_span": "South East England which borders Greater London to the south east", "answer_start": 58}, {"text": "Greater London", "answer_span": "which borders Greater London to the south east", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "Greater London", "answer_span": "Greater London", "answer_start": 91}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greater London", "answer_span": "Greater London", "answer_start": 91}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "to south?", "answers": [{"text": "Berkshire", "answer_span": "Berkshire", "answer_start": 125}, {"text": "Berkshire", "answer_span": " Berkshire to the south, ", "answer_start": 124}, {"text": "Berkshire", "answer_span": "Berkshire to the south", "answer_start": 125}, {"text": "Berkshire", "answer_span": "Berkshire ", "answer_start": 125}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Berkshire", "answer_span": "Berkshire", "answer_start": 125}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "west?", "answers": [{"text": "Oxfordshire", "answer_span": "Oxfordshire", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "Oxfordshire", "answer_span": "Oxfordshire to the wes", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "Oxfordshire", "answer_span": "Oxfordshire to the west", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "Oxfordshire", "answer_span": "Oxfordshire ", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Oxfordshire", "answer_span": "Oxfordshire", "answer_start": 149}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "north?", "answers": [{"text": "Northamptonshire", "answer_span": "Northamptonshire", "answer_start": 174}, {"text": "Northamptonshire", "answer_span": "t, Northamptonshire to the north,", "answer_start": 171}, {"text": "Northamptonshire", "answer_span": " Northamptonshire to the north", "answer_start": 173}, {"text": "Northamptonshire", "answer_span": "Northamptonshire ", "answer_start": 174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Northamptonshire", "answer_span": "Northamptonshire", "answer_start": 174}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and East?", "answers": [{"text": "Hertfordshire", "answer_span": "Hertfordshire", "answer_start": 240}, {"text": "Hertfordshire", "answer_span": "Hertfordshire to the east. ", "answer_start": 240}, {"text": "Hertfordshire", "answer_span": " Hertfordshire to the east. ", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "Hertfordshire", "answer_span": "Hertfordshire ", "answer_start": 240}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hertfordshire", "answer_span": "Hertfordshire", "answer_start": 240}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is located in the east and southeast of the county", "answers": [{"text": "High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts", "answer_span": "High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts", "answer_span": " towns such as High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts in the east and southeast of the county", "answer_start": 316}, {"text": "Chalfonts and parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_span": "Chalfonts in the east and southeast of the county are parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_span": "parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_start": 425}], "orig_answer": {"text": "High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts", "answer_span": "High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts", "answer_start": 331}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what kind of thing, not place?", "answers": [{"text": "London commuter belt", "answer_span": "London commuter belt", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "towns", "answer_span": " towns such as High Wycombe, Amersham, Chesham and the Chalfonts in the east and southeast of the county are parts of the London commuter belt, forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county", "answer_start": 316}, {"text": "the London commuter belt", "answer_span": " east and southeast of the county are parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_start": 387}, {"text": "parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_span": " parts of the London commuter belt", "answer_start": 424}], "orig_answer": {"text": "London commuter belt", "answer_span": "London commuter belt", "answer_start": 438}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does this make the county densely populated in some areas", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county.", "answer_start": 459}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county.", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county", "answer_start": 459}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "forming some of the most densely-populated parts of the county", "answer_start": 460}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is restricted in the area", "answers": [{"text": "Development", "answer_span": "Development", "answer_start": 524}, {"text": "Development", "answer_span": ". Development in this region is restricted by the Metropolitan Green Belt.", "answer_start": 522}, {"text": "Development", "answer_span": "Development in this region is restricted", "answer_start": 524}, {"text": "Development", "answer_span": "Development ", "answer_start": 524}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Development", "answer_span": "Development", "answer_start": 524}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by what", "answers": [{"text": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_span": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_start": 568}, {"text": "the Metropolitan Green Belt.", "answer_span": " Development in this region is restricted by the Metropolitan Green Belt.", "answer_start": 523}, {"text": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_span": "restricted by the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_start": 554}, {"text": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_span": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_span": "the Metropolitan Green Belt", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are areas without link to London less populous", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Some areas without direct rail links to London, such as around the old county town of Buckingham and near Olney in the northeast, are much less populous", "answer_start": 743}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Some areas without direct rail links to London, such as around the old county town of Buckingham and near Olney in the northeast, are much less populous", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "are much less populous", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " areas without direct rail links to London, such as around the old county town of Buckingham and near Olney in the northeast, are much less populous", "answer_start": 747}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Some areas without direct rail links to London, such as around the old county town of Buckingham and near Olney in the northeast, are much less populous", "answer_start": 743}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the largest town", "answers": [{"text": "Milton Keynes", "answer_span": "Milton Keynes", "answer_start": 917}, {"text": "Milton Keynes", "answer_span": "The largest town is Milton Keynes in the northeast,", "answer_start": 897}, {"text": "Milton Keynes", "answer_span": " The largest town is Milton Keynes", "answer_start": 896}, {"text": "Milton Keynes", "answer_span": "Milton Keynes", "answer_start": 917}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Milton Keynes", "answer_span": "Milton Keynes", "answer_start": 917}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it located", "answers": [{"text": "the northeast", "answer_span": "the northeast", "answer_start": 934}, {"text": "in the northeast,", "answer_span": "The largest town is Milton Keynes in the northeast, ", "answer_start": 897}, {"text": "in the northeast", "answer_span": "Milton Keynes in the northeast", "answer_start": 917}, {"text": "the northeast", "answer_span": "the northeast", "answer_start": 934}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the northeast", "answer_span": "the northeast", "answer_start": 934}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "they are a supporter of which party?", "answers": [{"text": "Conservative Party", "answer_span": "Conservative Party", "answer_start": 1280}, {"text": "Conservative Party.", "answer_span": "uckinghamshire is considered a reliable supporter of the Conservative Party.", "answer_start": 1223}, {"text": "Conservative", "answer_span": "a reliable supporter of the Conservative Party.", "answer_start": 1252}, {"text": "Conservative", "answer_span": "Conservative ", "answer_start": 1280}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Conservative Party", "answer_span": "Conservative Party", "answer_start": 1280}, "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "34t446b1c0ehzexia0n3kr7junmc06"}], "section_title": "Buckinghamshire", "background": "Buckinghamshire", "title": "Buckinghamshire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Wiltshire ( or ) is a county in South West England with an area of . It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire. The county town was originally Wilton, after which the county is named, but Wiltshire Council is now based in the county town of Trowbridge. \n\nWiltshire is characterised by its high downland and wide valleys. Salisbury Plain is noted for being the location of the Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles and other ancient landmarks, and as a training area for the British Army. The city of Salisbury is notable for its mediaeval cathedral. Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere. \n\nThe county, in the 9th century written as \"Wiltunscir\", later \"Wiltonshire\", is named after the former county town of Wilton. \n\nWiltshire is notable for its pre-Roman archaeology. The Mesolithic, Neolithic and Bronze Age people that occupied southern Britain built settlements on the hills and downland that cover Wiltshire. Stonehenge and Avebury are perhaps the most famous Neolithic sites in the UK. \n\nIn the 6th and 7th centuries Wiltshire was at the western edge of Saxon Britain, as Cranborne Chase and the Somerset Levels prevented the advance to the west. The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 between Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, and King Wulfhere of Mercia. In 878 the Danes invaded the county. Following the Norman Conquest, large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church.", "qas": [{"question": "Wiltshire What is Wiltshire characterised by?", "answers": [{"text": "its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_span": "Wiltshire is characterised by its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_span": "Wiltshire is characterised by its high downland and wide valleys.", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_span": "Wiltshire is characterised by its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "high downland and wide valleys", "answer_span": "high downland and wide valleys", "answer_start": 364}], "orig_answer": {"text": "its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_span": "Wiltshire is characterised by its high downland and wide valleys", "answer_start": 330}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it located?", "answers": [{"text": "South West England", "answer_span": "a county in South West England", "answer_start": 20}, {"text": "South West England", "answer_span": "Wiltshire ( or ) is a county in South West England with an area of ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "South West England", "answer_span": "Wiltshire ( or ) is a county in South West England", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "South West England", "answer_span": " South West England", "answer_start": 31}], "orig_answer": {"text": "South West England", "answer_span": "a county in South West England", "answer_start": 20}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it landlocked?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": ". It is landlocked ", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is landlocked", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "It is landlocked", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is landlocked ", "answer_start": 69}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": ". It is landlocked ", "answer_start": 67}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it bordered by?", "answers": [{"text": "Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_span": "and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_start": 86}, {"text": "the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_span": "It is landlocked and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire.", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire.", "answer_span": "borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire.", "answer_start": 90}, {"text": "Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_span": "Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_start": 114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_span": "and borders the counties of Dorset, Somerset, Hampshire, Gloucestershire, Oxfordshire and Berkshire", "answer_start": 86}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it first named?", "answers": [{"text": "Wilton", "answer_span": "originally Wilton, after which the county is named", "answer_start": 207}, {"text": "Wilton", "answer_span": " The county town was originally Wilton", "answer_start": 186}, {"text": "Wilton", "answer_span": "The county town was originally Wilton", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "in the 9th century", "answer_span": " in the 9th century", "answer_start": 763}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wilton", "answer_span": "originally Wilton, after which the county is named", "answer_start": 207}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country town is the council based?", "answers": [{"text": "Trowbridge.", "answer_span": "Wiltshire Council is now based in the county town of Trowbridge. \n", "answer_start": 263}, {"text": "in the county town of Trowbridge", "answer_span": " but Wiltshire Council is now based in the county town of Trowbridge. ", "answer_start": 258}, {"text": "Trowbridge.", "answer_span": "Wiltshire Council is now based in the county town of Trowbridge. ", "answer_start": 263}, {"text": "Trowbridge", "answer_span": "Trowbridge", "answer_start": 316}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Trowbridge.", "answer_span": "Wiltshire Council is now based in the county town of Trowbridge. \n", "answer_start": 263}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the city of Salisbury noted for?", "answers": [{"text": "stone circles", "answer_span": "Salisbury Plain is noted for being the location of the Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles", "answer_start": 396}, {"text": "its mediaeval cathedral", "answer_span": "The city of Salisbury is notable for its mediaeval cathedral", "answer_start": 562}, {"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles and other ancient landmarks", "answer_span": "Salisbury Plain is noted for being the location of the Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles and other ancient landmarks", "answer_start": 396}, {"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles", "answer_span": "Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles ", "answer_start": 451}], "orig_answer": {"text": "stone circles", "answer_span": "Salisbury Plain is noted for being the location of the Stonehenge and Avebury stone circles", "answer_start": 396}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are the important houses open to the public?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Important country houses open to the public include", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere. ", "answer_start": 623}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city of Salisbury is notable for its mediaeval cathedral. Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere. ", "answer_start": 562}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Important country houses open to the public include", "answer_start": 624}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one of them", "answers": [{"text": "Longleat", "answer_span": "include Longleat", "answer_start": 668}, {"text": "Longleat", "answer_span": "mportant country houses open to the public include Longleat", "answer_start": 625}, {"text": "Longleat", "answer_span": " Important country houses open to the public include Longleat", "answer_start": 623}, {"text": "Longleat", "answer_span": "Longleat", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Longleat", "answer_span": "include Longleat", "answer_start": 668}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is that near?", "answers": [{"text": "Warminster,", "answer_span": "near Warminster,", "answer_start": 686}, {"text": "Warminster", "answer_span": "Longleat, near Warminster", "answer_start": 676}, {"text": "Warminster", "answer_span": "Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "Warminster", "answer_span": "Warminster", "answer_start": 691}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Warminster,", "answer_span": "near Warminster,", "answer_start": 686}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another?", "answers": [{"text": "National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_span": " and the National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_start": 702}, {"text": "the National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_span": "Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere. ", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_span": " Important country houses open to the public include Longleat, near Warminster, and the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere", "answer_start": 623}, {"text": "National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_span": "National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_start": 711}], "orig_answer": {"text": "National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_span": " and the National Trust's Stourhead", "answer_start": 702}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is that one near?", "answers": [{"text": "Mere.", "answer_span": " near Mere. ", "answer_start": 738}, {"text": "Mere", "answer_span": " the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere. ", "answer_start": 706}, {"text": "Mere.", "answer_span": "the National Trust's Stourhead, near Mere. ", "answer_start": 707}, {"text": "Mere", "answer_span": "Mere", "answer_start": 744}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mere.", "answer_span": " near Mere. ", "answer_start": 738}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How was the county written in the 9th century?", "answers": [{"text": "Wiltunscir", "answer_span": "century written as \"Wiltunscir", "answer_start": 775}, {"text": "as \"Wiltunscir\"", "answer_span": "The county, in the 9th century written as \"Wiltunscir\", later \"Wiltonshire\"", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "\"Wiltunscir\"", "answer_span": "The county, in the 9th century written as \"Wiltunscir\"", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "Wiltunscir", "answer_span": "Wiltunscir", "answer_start": 795}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wiltunscir", "answer_span": "century written as \"Wiltunscir", "answer_start": 775}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What archaeology is it known for?", "answers": [{"text": "pre-Roman", "answer_span": "notable for its pre-Roman archaeology", "answer_start": 893}, {"text": "pre-Roman archaeology", "answer_span": "Wiltshire is notable for its pre-Roman archaeology.", "answer_start": 880}, {"text": "pre-Roman", "answer_span": "Wiltshire is notable for its pre-Roman archaeology", "answer_start": 880}, {"text": "pre-Roman archaeology", "answer_span": "pre-Roman archaeology", "answer_start": 909}], "orig_answer": {"text": "pre-Roman", "answer_span": "notable for its pre-Roman archaeology", "answer_start": 893}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the most famous Neolithic sites in the UK?", "answers": [{"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury", "answer_span": "Stonehenge and Avebury are perhaps the most famous Neolithic ", "answer_start": 1077}, {"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury", "answer_span": "Stonehenge and Avebury are perhaps the most famous Neolithic sites in the UK. ", "answer_start": 1077}, {"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury", "answer_span": "Stonehenge and Avebury are perhaps the most famous Neolithic sites in the UK.", "answer_start": 1077}, {"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury", "answer_span": "Stonehenge and Avebur", "answer_start": 1077}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stonehenge and Avebury", "answer_span": "Stonehenge and Avebury are perhaps the most famous Neolithic ", "answer_start": 1077}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What battle was fought in 675", "answers": [{"text": "The Battle of Bedwyn", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 ", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "The Battle of Bedwyn", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 ", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "The Battle of Bedwyn", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "The Battle of Bedwyn", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn", "answer_start": 1316}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Battle of Bedwyn", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 ", "answer_start": 1316}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was it between?", "answers": [{"text": "Escuin and King Wulfhere", "answer_span": " between Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, and King Wulfhere", "answer_start": 1354}, {"text": "Escuin and King Wulfhere", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 between Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, and King Wulfhere of Mercia.", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "Escuin and King Wulfhere", "answer_span": "The Battle of Bedwyn was fought in 675 between Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, and King Wulfhere of Mercia. ", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "a West Saxon nobleman and King Wulfhere", "answer_span": "a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, and King Wulfhere", "answer_start": 1371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Escuin and King Wulfhere", "answer_span": " between Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga, and King Wulfhere", "answer_start": 1354}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was Escuin?", "answers": [{"text": "a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_span": " Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_start": 1362}, {"text": "a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_span": " Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_start": 1362}, {"text": "a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_span": "Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman who had seized the throne of Queen Saxburga", "answer_start": 1363}, {"text": "a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_span": "a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_start": 1371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_span": " Escuin, a West Saxon nobleman", "answer_start": 1362}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 878?", "answers": [{"text": "the Danes invaded the county", "answer_span": "In 878 the Danes invaded the county", "answer_start": 1467}, {"text": "the Danes invaded the county", "answer_span": " In 878 the Danes invaded the county. ", "answer_start": 1466}, {"text": "the Danes invaded the county", "answer_span": "In 878 the Danes invaded the county", "answer_start": 1467}, {"text": "Danes invaded the county", "answer_span": "Danes invaded the count", "answer_start": 1478}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Danes invaded the county", "answer_span": "In 878 the Danes invaded the county", "answer_start": 1467}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What followed the Norman Conquest?", "answers": [{"text": "large areas of the country came into the possession o f the crown and church", "answer_span": "Following the Norman Conquest, large areas of the country came int", "answer_start": 1504}, {"text": "large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church", "answer_span": "Following the Norman Conquest, large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church.", "answer_start": 1504}, {"text": "large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church.", "answer_span": "ollowing the Norman Conquest, large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church.", "answer_start": 1505}, {"text": "large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church.", "answer_span": " large areas of the country came into the possession of the crown and the church.", "answer_start": 1534}], "orig_answer": {"text": "large areas of the country came into the possession o f the crown and church", "answer_span": "Following the Norman Conquest, large areas of the country came int", "answer_start": 1504}, "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3k4j6m3cxetqh3b54ogfzo4b1yaagj"}], "section_title": "Wiltshire", "background": "Wiltshire", "title": "Wiltshire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Pope Benedict XVI (; ; ; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ; born 16 April 1927) served as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013. Benedict's election occurred in the 2005 papal conclave that followed the death of Pope John Paul II. Since his resignation, Benedict holds the title Pope Emeritus. \n\nOrdained as a priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria, Ratzinger established himself as a highly regarded university theologian by the late 1950s and was appointed a full professor in 1958. After a long career as an academic and professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1977, an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience. In 1981, he was appointed Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, one of the most important dicasteries of the Roman Curia. From 2002 until his election as Pope, he was also Dean of the College of Cardinals. Prior to becoming Pope, he was \"a major figure on the Vatican stage for a quarter of a century\"; he had an influence \"second to none when it came to setting church priorities and directions\" as one of John Paul II's closest confidants.", "qas": [{"question": "Pope Benedict XVI When did he resign?", "answers": [{"text": "in 2013", "answer_span": "until his resignation in 2013", "answer_start": 104}, {"text": "2013", "answer_span": " from 2005 until his resignation in 2013.", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "2013", "answer_span": "2013", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "2013.", "answer_span": "Pope Benedict XVI (; ; ; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ; born 16 April 1927) served as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 2013", "answer_span": "until his resignation in 2013", "answer_start": 104}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What title does he hold?", "answers": [{"text": "Pope", "answer_span": "Pope Benedict XVI", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Pope Emeritus.", "answer_span": " Benedict holds the title Pope Emeritus. ", "answer_start": 259}, {"text": "Pope", "answer_span": "Pope", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Pope Emeritus.", "answer_span": " Since his resignation, Benedict holds the title Pope Emeritus. \n", "answer_start": 236}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pope", "answer_span": "Pope Benedict XVI", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What day of April was he born on?", "answers": [{"text": "the 16th", "answer_span": "born 16 April", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": "born 16 April 1927", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": "16", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": " born 16 April 1927", "answer_start": 58}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 16th", "answer_span": "born 16 April", "answer_start": 59}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What it his birthgiven middle name?", "answers": [{"text": "Aloisius", "answer_span": "born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Aloisius", "answer_span": " Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger", "answer_start": 29}, {"text": "Aloisius", "answer_span": "Aloisius", "answer_start": 37}, {"text": "Aloisius", "answer_span": " born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ", "answer_start": 24}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Aloisius", "answer_span": "born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger", "answer_start": 25}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who confided in him?", "answers": [{"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "as one of John Paul II's closest confidant", "answer_start": 1155}, {"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "as one of John Paul II's closest confidants.", "answer_start": 1155}, {"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "John Paul II", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "ne of John Paul II's closest confidants.", "answer_start": 1159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "as one of John Paul II's closest confidant", "answer_start": 1155}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his first occupation outside of university?", "answers": [{"text": "Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal", "answer_span": "After a long career as an academic and professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal", "answer_start": 489}, {"text": "priest", "answer_span": "Ordained as a priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "Archbishop", "answer_span": "Archbishop", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal", "answer_span": "After a long career as an academic and professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1977, ", "answer_start": 489}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal", "answer_span": "After a long career as an academic and professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal", "answer_start": 489}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he have a lot of experience as a pastor?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience", "answer_start": 671}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience.", "answer_start": 671}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "After a long career as an academic and professor of theology at several German universities, he was appointed Archbishop of Munich and Freising and Cardinal by Pope Paul VI in 1977, an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience", "answer_start": 489}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": ", an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience. ", "answer_start": 669}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "an unusual promotion for someone with little pastoral experience", "answer_start": 671}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his occupation immediately preceding his papacy?", "answers": [{"text": "theologian", "answer_span": "a highly regarded university theologian", "answer_start": 387}, {"text": "Dean of the College of Cardinals.", "answer_span": "he was also Dean of the College of Cardinals.", "answer_start": 918}, {"text": "Dean of the College of Cardinals", "answer_span": "Dean of the College of Cardinals", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "Dean of the College of Cardinals.", "answer_span": " From 2002 until his election as Pope, he was also Dean of the College of Cardinals.", "answer_start": 879}], "orig_answer": {"text": "theologian", "answer_span": "a highly regarded university theologian", "answer_start": 387}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many years did he serve as pope?", "answers": [{"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "served as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013.", "answer_start": 86}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "Pope Benedict XVI (; ; ; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ; born 16 April 1927) served as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "served as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013.", "answer_start": 79}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "served as Pope from 2005 until his resignation in 2013", "answer_start": 79}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is his native land?", "answers": [{"text": "Bavaria", "answer_span": "in his native Bavaria", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "Bavaria", "answer_span": "Ordained as a priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria,", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "Bavaria", "answer_span": "Bavaria", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "Bavaria,", "answer_span": "Ordained as a priest in 1951 in his native Bavaria,", "answer_start": 302}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bavaria", "answer_span": "in his native Bavaria", "answer_start": 331}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the pope prior to his papacy?", "answers": [{"text": "Pope John Paul II", "answer_span": " that followed the death of Pope John Paul II", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "that followed the death of Pope John Paul II", "answer_start": 191}, {"text": "John Paul II", "answer_span": "John Paul II", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "Pope John Paul II.", "answer_span": "Benedict's election occurred in the 2005 papal conclave that followed the death of Pope John Paul II. ", "answer_start": 135}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pope John Paul II", "answer_span": " that followed the death of Pope John Paul II", "answer_start": 190}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was he born?", "answers": [{"text": "1927", "answer_span": "born 16 April 1927", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "1927", "answer_span": "born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ; born 16 April 1927", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "1927", "answer_span": "1927", "answer_start": 73}, {"text": "1927", "answer_span": "Pope Benedict XVI (; ; ; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ; born 16 April 1927", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1927", "answer_span": "born 16 April 1927", "answer_start": 59}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And his last name?", "answers": [{"text": "Ratzinger", "answer_span": "born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Ratzinger", "answer_span": "born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Ratzinger", "answer_span": "Ratzinger", "answer_start": 46}, {"text": "Ratzinger;", "answer_span": "Pope Benedict XVI (; ; ; born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; ; born 16 April 1927)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ratzinger", "answer_span": "born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger", "answer_start": 25}, "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3tu5zicbrd13b4c4am1dxb2ihx58qu"}], "section_title": "Pope Benedict XVI", "background": "Pope Benedict XVI", "title": "Pope Benedict XVI"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on information from various perspectives, including psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology. Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. It is a period of multiple transitions involving education, training, employment and unemployment, as well as transitions from one living circumstance to another. \n\nPuberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production, which in turn causes a number of physical changes. It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls) and a strong shift in hormonal balance towards an adult state. This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur. The male and female gonads are subsequently activated, which puts them into a state of rapid growth and development; the triggered gonads now commence the mass production of the necessary chemicals. The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. The production of these hormones increases gradually until sexual maturation is met. Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "qas": [{"question": "Adolescence What connect childhood and adulthood?", "answers": [{"text": "adolescence", "answer_span": "A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on information from various perspectives, including psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology. Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. It is a period of multiple transitions involving education, training, employment and unemployment, as well as transitions from one living circumstance to another. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Puberty", "answer_span": "Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production,", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "adolescence", "answer_span": "adolescence", "answer_start": 215}, {"text": "adolescence", "answer_span": " adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood,", "answer_start": 214}], "orig_answer": {"text": "adolescence", "answer_span": "A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on information from various perspectives, including psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology. Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. It is a period of multiple transitions involving education, training, employment and unemployment, as well as transitions from one living circumstance to another. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What non-biological purpose does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "cultural", "answer_span": "Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. ", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "education", "answer_span": "It is a period of multiple transitions involving education, training, employment and unemployment, as well as transitions from one living circumstance to another.", "answer_start": 366}, {"text": "the preparation of children for adult roles", "answer_span": "the preparation of children for adult roles", "answer_start": 321}, {"text": "the preparation of children for adult roles", "answer_span": "whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles", "answer_start": 295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cultural", "answer_span": "Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is the preparation of children for adult roles. ", "answer_start": 181}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the long biological process that happens during it?", "answers": [{"text": "puberty", "answer_span": "Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production,", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "Puberty", "answer_span": "Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "Puberty", "answer_span": "Puberty", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "Puberty", "answer_span": "Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production,", "answer_start": 531}], "orig_answer": {"text": "puberty", "answer_span": "Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production,", "answer_start": 531}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What develops during this?", "answers": [{"text": "secondary sex characeristics", "answer_span": " It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls)", "answer_start": 666}, {"text": "n hormone production,", "answer_span": "Puberty occurs through a long process and begins with a surge in hormone production,", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "secondary sex characteristics", "answer_span": "secondary sex characteristics", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "secondary sex characteristics", "answer_span": "development of secondary sex characteristics", "answer_start": 727}], "orig_answer": {"text": "secondary sex characeristics", "answer_span": " It is the stage of life characterized by the appearance and development of secondary sex characteristics (for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls)", "answer_start": 666}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's an example?", "answers": [{"text": "a deeper voice in boys", "answer_span": "for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls)", "answer_start": 773}, {"text": "or example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boy", "answer_span": "or example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boy", "answer_start": 774}, {"text": "a deeper voice", "answer_span": "a deeper voice", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys", "answer_span": "(for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys", "answer_start": 772}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a deeper voice in boys", "answer_span": "for example, a deeper voice and larger adam's apple in boys, and development of breasts and more curved and prominent hips in girls)", "answer_start": 773}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What causes these developments?", "answers": [{"text": "the pituitary gland", "answer_span": "This is triggered by the pituitary gland,", "answer_start": 969}, {"text": "begins with a surge in hormone production", "answer_span": "begins with a surge in hormone production", "answer_start": 573}, {"text": "a surge in hormone production", "answer_span": "a surge in hormone production", "answer_start": 585}, {"text": "hormone production", "answer_span": " begins with a surge in hormone production", "answer_start": 572}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the pituitary gland", "answer_span": "This is triggered by the pituitary gland,", "answer_start": 969}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the pituitary gland alter?", "answers": [{"text": "the male and female gonads", "answer_span": ". The male and female gonads are subsequently activated,", "answer_start": 1112}, {"text": "hormones", "answer_span": "which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, ", "answer_start": 1011}, {"text": "hormonal balance", "answer_span": "hormonal balance", "answer_start": 928}, {"text": "The male and female gonads", "answer_span": "The male and female gonads are subsequently activated", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the male and female gonads", "answer_span": ". The male and female gonads are subsequently activated,", "answer_start": 1112}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What alters those?", "answers": [{"text": "hormonal agents", "answer_span": " This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur", "answer_start": 968}, {"text": ". The male and female gonads are subsequently activated", "answer_span": ". The male and female gonads are subsequently activated", "answer_start": 1112}, {"text": "a surge of hormonal agents", "answer_span": "a surge of hormonal agents", "answer_start": 1026}, {"text": "a surge of hormonal agents", "answer_span": "which secretes a surge of hormonal agents", "answer_start": 1011}], "orig_answer": {"text": "hormonal agents", "answer_span": " This is triggered by the pituitary gland, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream, initiating a chain reaction to occur", "answer_start": 968}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can happen if the balance of those agents change too much?", "answers": [{"text": "gynecomastia", "answer_span": "Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_start": 1490}, {"text": "tissue responsiveness or obesity", "answer_span": "Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity", "answer_start": 1490}, {"text": "boys may develop gynecomastia", "answer_span": " boys may develop gynecomastia", "answer_start": 1494}, {"text": "Some boys may develop gynecomastia", "answer_span": "Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_start": 1490}], "orig_answer": {"text": "gynecomastia", "answer_span": "Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_start": 1490}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else can cause that?", "answers": [{"text": "tissue responsiveness or obesity", "answer_span": "tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_start": 1562}, {"text": ", tissue responsiveness or obesity", "answer_span": "Some boys may develop gynecomastia due to an imbalance of sex hormones, tissue responsiveness or obesity", "answer_start": 1490}, {"text": "an imbalance of sex hormones", "answer_span": "an imbalance of sex hormones", "answer_start": 1532}, {"text": "tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_span": " tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_start": 1561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "tissue responsiveness or obesity", "answer_span": "tissue responsiveness or obesity.", "answer_start": 1562}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What carries the hormones?", "answers": [{"text": "the testes and the ovaries", "answer_span": "The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. ", "answer_start": 1313}, {"text": "blood stream", "answer_span": "d, which secretes a surge of hormonal agents into the blood stream", "answer_start": 1008}, {"text": "the blood stream", "answer_span": "the blood stream", "answer_start": 1058}, {"text": "The testes and the ovaries", "answer_span": " The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries", "answer_start": 1312}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the testes and the ovaries", "answer_span": "The testes primarily release testosterone, and the ovaries predominantly dispense estrogen. ", "answer_start": 1313}, "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3nd9uoo81k23a8s9gk9nu56app6lw0"}], "section_title": "Adolescence", "background": "Adolescence", "title": "Adolescence"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany's largest metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. \n\nTogether with the capital Berlin, the city is the \"de facto\" joint seat of government of Germany. Bonn is the secondary seat of the President, the Chancellor, the Bundesrat and the primary seat of six federal government ministries and twenty federal authorities. The title of Federal City () reflects its important political status within Germany. \n\nFounded in the 1st century BC as a Roman settlement, Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities. From 1597 to 1794, Bonn was the capital of the Electorate of Cologne, and residence of the Archbishops and Prince-electors of Cologne. Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770. From 1949 to 1990, Bonn was the provisional capital (\"temporary seat of the Federal institutions\") of West Germany, and Germany's present constitution, the Basic Law, was declared in the city in 1949. From 1990 to 1999, Bonn served as the seat of government \u2013 but no longer capital \u2013 of reunited Germany.", "qas": [{"question": "Bonn What has a population of over 300,000", "answers": [{"text": "The Federal City of Bonn", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Federal City of Bonn", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Federal City of Bonn", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Federal City of Bonn", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia, with a population of over 300,000", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Federal City of Bonn", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it located?", "answers": [{"text": "on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_span": "on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_span": "on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "on the banks of the Rhine", "answer_span": "on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-", "answer_start": 38}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what land zone?", "answers": [{"text": "the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "on the banks of the Rhine in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 38}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_span": "the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia", "answer_start": 67}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it in the northernmost zone?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "the southernmost ", "answer_start": 191}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the southernmost part", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Bonn is in the southernmost part", "answer_start": 180}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the southernmost ", "answer_start": 191}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it, then?", "answers": [{"text": "southernmost", "answer_span": "southernmost", "answer_start": 195}, {"text": "the southernmost part", "answer_span": "the southernmost part", "answer_start": 191}, {"text": "southernmost", "answer_span": ". About south-southeast of Cologne, Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region", "answer_start": 144}, {"text": "the southernmost part", "answer_span": "Bonn is in the southernmost part", "answer_start": 180}], "orig_answer": {"text": "southernmost", "answer_span": "southernmost", "answer_start": 195}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it house 10 million people?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "with over 11 million inhabitants", "answer_start": 276}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "over 11 million inhabitants", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Germany's largest metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. ", "answer_start": 238}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " with over 11 million inhabitants. \n", "answer_start": 275}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "with over 11 million inhabitants", "answer_start": 276}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "over 11 million", "answer_span": "over 11 million inhabitants.", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "over 11 million", "answer_span": "over 11 million", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "over 11 million inhabitants", "answer_span": "Bonn is in the southernmost part of the Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany's largest metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "over 11 million", "answer_span": "with over 11 million inhabitants. \n", "answer_start": 276}], "orig_answer": {"text": "over 11 million", "answer_span": "over 11 million inhabitants.", "answer_start": 281}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its most important city?", "answers": [{"text": "Bonn is a city. Do you mean in Germany?", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bonn", "answer_span": "Bonn", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": "Together with the capital Berlin", "answer_start": 312}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bonn is a city. Do you mean in Germany?", "answer_span": "The Federal City of Bonn () is a city", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it involved in governing?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ogether with the capital Berlin, the city is the \"de facto\" joint seat of government of Germany", "answer_start": 313}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Bonn is the secondary seat of the President", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Together with the capital Berlin, the city is the \"de facto\" joint seat of government of Germany.", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "de facto\" joint seat of government", "answer_start": 363}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ogether with the capital Berlin, the city is the \"de facto\" joint seat of government of Germany", "answer_start": 313}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it originally created?", "answers": [{"text": "in the 1st century", "answer_span": "Founded in the 1st century BC as a Roman settlement, Bonn ", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "the 1st century BC", "answer_span": "the 1st century BC ", "answer_start": 673}, {"text": "1st century BC", "answer_span": "Founded in the 1st century BC as a Roman settlement, Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities. ", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "1st century BC", "answer_span": "Founded in the 1st century BC", "answer_start": 662}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the 1st century", "answer_span": "Founded in the 1st century BC as a Roman settlement, Bonn ", "answer_start": 662}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "As what?", "answers": [{"text": "as a Roman settlement", "answer_span": " as a Roman settlemen", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "a Roman settlement", "answer_span": "a Roman settlement", "answer_start": 695}, {"text": "a Roman settlement", "answer_span": "Founded in the 1st century BC as a Roman settlement,", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "a Roman settlement", "answer_span": "1st century BC as a Roman settlement", "answer_start": 677}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as a Roman settlement", "answer_span": " as a Roman settlemen", "answer_start": 691}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a newer town?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities", "answer_start": 715}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "one of Germany's oldest cities", "answer_start": 723}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities.", "answer_start": 714}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities", "answer_start": 715}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Bonn is one of Germany's oldest cities", "answer_start": 715}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was someone famous birthed there?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "omposer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn", "answer_start": 890}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "omposer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 891}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who?", "answers": [{"text": "Ludwig van Beethoven", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "Ludwig van Beethoven", "answer_span": "Ludwig van Beethoven", "answer_start": 899}, {"text": "Ludwig van Beethoven", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "Ludwig van Beethoven", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn", "answer_start": 890}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ludwig van Beethoven", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 890}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And when?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1770", "answer_span": "Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 932}, {"text": "1770", "answer_span": "1770", "answer_start": 940}, {"text": "in 1770", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "1770", "answer_span": "Composer Ludwig van Beethoven was born in Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 890}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1770", "answer_span": "Bonn in 1770", "answer_start": 932}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 1949?", "answers": [{"text": "the Basic Law, was declared", "answer_span": "the Basic Law, was declared in the city in 1949", "answer_start": 1098}, {"text": "Bonn was the provisional capital", "answer_span": "Bonn was the provisional capital", "answer_start": 965}, {"text": "Germany's present constitution, the Basic Law was declared", "answer_span": "Germany's present constitution, the Basic Law, was declared in the city in 1949", "answer_start": 1066}, {"text": "the Basic Law was declared", "answer_span": " the Basic Law, was declared in the city in 1949", "answer_start": 1097}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Basic Law, was declared", "answer_span": "the Basic Law, was declared in the city in 1949", "answer_start": 1098}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And from 1990 to 1999?", "answers": [{"text": "Bonn served as the seat of government, but not the capitol", "answer_span": "From 1990 to 1999, Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_start": 1147}, {"text": "Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_span": "Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_start": 1166}, {"text": "Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_span": " From 1990 to 1999, Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "it served as the seat of government", "answer_span": "From 1990 to 1999, Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_start": 1147}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bonn served as the seat of government, but not the capitol", "answer_span": "From 1990 to 1999, Bonn served as the seat of government", "answer_start": 1147}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What governing bodies is it the primary house of?", "answers": [{"text": "primary seat of six federal government ministries", "answer_span": "primary seat of six federal government ministries", "answer_start": 493}, {"text": "six federal government ministries and twenty federal authorities", "answer_span": "six federal government ministries and twenty federal authorities", "answer_start": 509}, {"text": "six federal government ministries and twenty federal authorities", "answer_span": "Bonn is the secondary seat of the President, the Chancellor, the Bundesrat and the primary seat of six federal government ministries and twenty federal authorities", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "six federal government ministries", "answer_span": "primary seat of six federal government ministries ", "answer_start": 493}], "orig_answer": {"text": "primary seat of six federal government ministries", "answer_span": "primary seat of six federal government ministries", "answer_start": 493}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does \"Federal City\" mean anything?", "answers": [{"text": "reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_span": "The title of Federal City () reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_start": 575}, {"text": "reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_span": "reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_start": 604}, {"text": "it reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_span": "The title of Federal City () reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_start": 575}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Federal City () reflects its important political status within Germany. ", "answer_start": 588}], "orig_answer": {"text": "reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_span": "The title of Federal City () reflects its important political status within Germany", "answer_start": 575}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is a medium-sized metro?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Germany's largest metropolitan area", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Germany's largest metropolitan area", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Germany's largest metropolitan area, with over 11 million inhabitants. ", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Germany's largest metropolitan area", "answer_start": 239}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Germany's largest metropolitan area", "answer_start": 239}, "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3k9fobbf2hjdnejvoji0ymtjwminl9"}], "section_title": "Bonn", "background": "Bonn", "title": "Bonn"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content. Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays such as text-only or traditional forms of printed or hand-produced material. \n\nMultimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia devices are electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content. Multimedia is distinguished from mixed media in fine art; for example, by including audio it has a broader scope. The term \"rich media\" is synonymous with interactive multimedia. \n\nThe term \"multimedia\" was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein (later 'Bobb Goldsteinn') to promote the July 1966 opening of his \"LightWorks at L'Oursin\" show at Southampton, Long Island. Goldstein was perhaps aware of an American artist named Dick Higgins, who had two years previously discussed a new approach to art-making he called \"intermedia\". \n\nOn August 10, 1966, Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology, reporting: \"Brainchild of songscribe-comic Bob ('Washington Square') Goldstein, the 'Lightworks' is the latest \"multi-media\" music-cum-visuals to debut as discoth\u00e8que fare.\" Two years later, in 1968, the term \"multimedia\" was re-appropriated to describe the work of a political consultant, David Sawyer, the husband of Iris Sawyer\u2014one of Goldstein's producers at L'Oursin.", "qas": [{"question": "Multimedia What can be recorded and played?", "answers": [{"text": "Multimedia", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "Multimedia", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "Multimedia", "answer_span": "Multimedia", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "Multimedia", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played", "answer_start": 300}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Multimedia", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played", "answer_start": 300}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else can it be", "answers": [{"text": "interacted with", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "part of a live performance", "answer_span": "but can also be part of a live performance", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_span": " displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_start": 338}, {"text": "Displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices.", "answer_span": "displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_start": 339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "interacted with", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with", "answer_start": 300}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_span": "interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_start": 350}, {"text": "displayed", "answer_span": "displayed", "answer_start": 339}, {"text": "Displayed", "answer_span": "displayed", "answer_start": 339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_span": "Multimedia can be recorded and played, displayed, interacted with or accessed by information content processing devices", "answer_start": 300}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who coined the term?", "answers": [{"text": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_span": "The term \"multimedia\" was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 788}, {"text": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_span": "The term \"multimedia\" was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein ", "answer_start": 788}, {"text": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_span": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 842}, {"text": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_span": "The term \"multimedia\" was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 788}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_span": "The term \"multimedia\" was coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 788}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "July 1966", "answer_span": "to promote the July 1966", "answer_start": 882}, {"text": "July 1966", "answer_span": "to promote the July 1966 ", "answer_start": 882}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "July 1966", "answer_span": " to promote the July 1966", "answer_start": 881}], "orig_answer": {"text": "July 1966", "answer_span": "to promote the July 1966", "answer_start": 882}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is that?", "answers": [{"text": "a singer and artist", "answer_span": "singer and artist Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 824}, {"text": "singer and artist", "answer_span": "coined by singer and artist Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "singer and artist", "answer_span": "singer and artist ", "answer_start": 824}, {"text": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_span": "Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 842}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a singer and artist", "answer_span": "singer and artist Bob Goldstein", "answer_start": 824}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was his show?", "answers": [{"text": "Southampton, Long Island", "answer_span": "show at Southampton, Long Island", "answer_start": 947}, {"text": "Southampton", "answer_span": "\"LightWorks at L'Oursin\" show at Southampton", "answer_start": 922}, {"text": "Southampton, Long Island", "answer_span": "Southampton, Long Island", "answer_start": 955}, {"text": "Southampton, Long Island", "answer_span": "how at Southampton, Long Island", "answer_start": 948}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southampton, Long Island", "answer_span": "show at Southampton, Long Island", "answer_start": 947}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the show called?", "answers": [{"text": "\"LightWorks at L'Oursin\"", "answer_span": "his \"LightWorks at L'Oursin\" show", "answer_start": 918}, {"text": "LightWorks at L'Oursin", "answer_span": " his \"LightWorks at L'Oursin\" show", "answer_start": 917}, {"text": "LightWorks at L'Oursin", "answer_span": "LightWorks at L'Oursin", "answer_start": 923}, {"text": "LightWorks at L'Oursin", "answer_span": "LightWorks at L'Oursin", "answer_start": 923}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"LightWorks at L'Oursin\"", "answer_span": "his \"LightWorks at L'Oursin\" show", "answer_start": 918}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Multimedia?", "answers": [{"text": "content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_span": "Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_span": "Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_span": "content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_start": 14}, {"text": "Content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_span": "Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_span": "Multimedia is content that uses a combination of different content forms", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kinds of forms?", "answers": [{"text": "text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.", "answer_span": "content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_span": "content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive conten", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_span": "text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "Text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_span": " text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content", "answer_start": 80}], "orig_answer": {"text": "text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.", "answer_span": "content forms such as text, audio, images, animations, video and interactive content.", "answer_start": 59}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it contrast with?", "answers": [{"text": "media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_span": "Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "media that use only rudimentary computer display", "answer_span": " Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer display", "answer_start": 144}, {"text": "media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_span": "media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_start": 171}, {"text": "Media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_span": "Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_start": 145}], "orig_answer": {"text": "media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_span": "Multimedia contrasts with media that use only rudimentary computer displays", "answer_start": 145}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is used to store multimedia?", "answers": [{"text": "Multimedia devices", "answer_span": "Multimedia devices are electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "electronic media devices", "answer_span": "Multimedia devices are electronic media devices ", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "electronic media devices", "answer_span": "electronic media devices ", "answer_start": 533}, {"text": "Multimedia devices", "answer_span": " Multimedia devices are electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content", "answer_start": 509}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Multimedia devices", "answer_span": "Multimedia devices are electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia", "answer_start": 510}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is synonymous with interactive multimedia?", "answers": [{"text": "\"rich media\"", "answer_span": "\"rich media\" is synonymous with interactive multimedia.", "answer_start": 730}, {"text": "\"rich media\"", "answer_span": "The term \"rich media\" is synonymous with interactive multimedia.", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "rich media", "answer_span": "rich media", "answer_start": 731}, {"text": "Rich media", "answer_span": "The term \"rich media\" is synonymous with interactive multimedia", "answer_start": 721}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"rich media\"", "answer_span": "\"rich media\" is synonymous with interactive multimedia.", "answer_start": 730}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was Goldstein aware of", "answers": [{"text": "Dick Higgins", "answer_span": "Goldstein was perhaps aware of an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 981}, {"text": "an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_span": "aware of an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1003}, {"text": "Dick Higgins", "answer_span": "Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1037}, {"text": "Dick Higgins", "answer_span": "Goldstein was perhaps aware of an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 981}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dick Higgins", "answer_span": "Goldstein was perhaps aware of an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 981}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he call his approach?", "answers": [{"text": "\"intermedia\".", "answer_span": "who had two years previously discussed a new approach to art-making he called \"intermedia\".", "answer_start": 1051}, {"text": "\"intermedia\"", "answer_span": "new approach to art-making he called \"intermedia\"", "answer_start": 1092}, {"text": "intermedia", "answer_span": "intermedia", "answer_start": 1130}, {"text": "\"Intermedia\"", "answer_span": "who had two years previously discussed a new approach to art-making he called \"intermedia\"", "answer_start": 1051}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"intermedia\".", "answer_span": "who had two years previously discussed a new approach to art-making he called \"intermedia\".", "answer_start": 1051}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he American?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1015}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1012}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "f an American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1010}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1015}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "American artist named Dick Higgins", "answer_start": 1015}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who borrowed the term", "answers": [{"text": "Richard Albarino", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "Richard Albarino", "answer_span": " Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology,", "answer_start": 1164}, {"text": "Richard Albarino", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "Richard Albarino", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology", "answer_start": 1165}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Richard Albarino", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology", "answer_start": 1165}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What magazine did he write for?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Variety\"", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino of \"Variety\"", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "\"Variety\"", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" ", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "Variety", "answer_span": "Variety", "answer_start": 1186}, {"text": "Variety", "answer_span": "Variety", "answer_start": 1186}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Variety\"", "answer_span": "Richard Albarino of \"Variety\"", "answer_start": 1165}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he write an article about Bob", "answers": [{"text": "August 10, 1966,", "answer_span": "On August 10, 1966,", "answer_start": 1145}, {"text": "August 10, 1966", "answer_span": "On August 10, 1966, Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology, reporting: \"Brainchild of songscribe-comic Bob ", "answer_start": 1145}, {"text": "August 10, 1966", "answer_span": "August 10, 1966", "answer_start": 1148}, {"text": "August 10, 1966", "answer_span": "On August 10, 1966, Richard Albarino of \"Variety\" borrowed the terminology, reporting: \"Brainchild of songscribe-comic Bob ('Washington Square') Goldstein", "answer_start": 1145}], "orig_answer": {"text": "August 10, 1966,", "answer_span": "On August 10, 1966,", "answer_start": 1145}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was one of Bob's producers?", "answers": [{"text": "Iris Sawyer", "answer_span": "Iris Sawyer\u2014one of Goldstein's producers", "answer_start": 1540}, {"text": "David Sawyer", "answer_span": " David Sawyer, the husband of Iris Sawyer\u2014one of Goldstein's producers at L'Oursin.", "answer_start": 1510}, {"text": "David Sawyer", "answer_span": "David Sawyer", "answer_start": 1511}, {"text": "Iris Sawyer", "answer_span": "Iris Sawyer\u2014one of Goldstein's producers at L'Oursin", "answer_start": 1540}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Iris Sawyer", "answer_span": "Iris Sawyer\u2014one of Goldstein's producers", "answer_start": 1540}, "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ydtzai2wxgebz5ld4llfye57zv14z"}], "section_title": "Multimedia", "background": "Multimedia", "title": "Multimedia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Discogs, short for discographies, is a website and crowdsourced database of information about audio recordings, including commercial releases, promotional releases, and bootleg or off-label releases. The Discogs servers, currently hosted under the domain name discogs.com, are owned by Zink Media, Inc., and are located in Portland, Oregon, US. While the site lists releases in all genres and on all formats, it is especially known as the largest online database of electronic music releases, and of releases on vinyl media. Discogs currently contains over 8 million releases, by nearly 4.9 million artists, across over 1 million labels, contributed from nearly 346,000 contributor user accounts\u2014with these figures constantly growing as users continually add previously unlisted releases to the site over time. \n\nThe discogs.com domain name was registered on 30 August 2000, and Discogs itself was launched in November 2000 by programmer, DJ, and music fan Kevin Lewandowski originally as a database of electronic music. \n\nHe was inspired by the success of community-built sites such as Slashdot, eBay, and Open Directory Project, and decided to use this model for a music discography database. \n\nThe site's original goal was to build the most comprehensive database of electronic music, organized around the artists, labels, and releases available in that genre. In 2003 the Discogs system was completely rewritten, and in January 2004 it began to support other genres, starting with hip hop. Since then, it has expanded to include rock and jazz in January 2005 and funk/soul, Latin, and reggae in October of the same year. In January 2006 blues and non-music (e.g. comedy records, field recordings, interviews) were added. Classical music started being supported in June 2007, and in October 2007 the \"final genres were turned on\" \u2013 adding support for the Stage & Screen, Brass & Military, Children's, and Folk, World, & Country music genres, allowing capture of virtually every single type of audio recording that has ever been released.", "qas": [{"question": "Discogs Who owns the websites servers?", "answers": [{"text": "Zink Media, Inc", "answer_span": " Zink Media, Inc", "answer_start": 285}, {"text": "Zink Media, Inc.", "answer_span": "Zink Media, Inc.", "answer_start": 286}, {"text": "Zink Media, Inc", "answer_span": " The Discogs servers, currently hosted under the domain name discogs.com, are owned by Zink Media, Inc", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "Zink Media, Inc.", "answer_span": "The Discogs servers, currently hosted under the domain name discogs.com, are owned by Zink Media, Inc.", "answer_start": 200}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Zink Media, Inc", "answer_span": " Zink Media, Inc", "answer_start": 285}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where are they located?", "answers": [{"text": "Portland,", "answer_span": "Portland,", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "Portland, Oregon, US", "answer_span": "Portland, Oregon, US", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "Portland, Oregon", "answer_span": "The Discogs servers, currently hosted under the domain name discogs.com, are owned by Zink Media, Inc., and are located in Portland, Oregon, US.", "answer_start": 200}, {"text": "Portland, Oregon,", "answer_span": "are located in Portland, Oregon,", "answer_start": 308}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Portland,", "answer_span": "Portland,", "answer_start": 323}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the website registered?", "answers": [{"text": "30 August 2000", "answer_span": "30 August 2000", "answer_start": 859}, {"text": "30 August 2000", "answer_span": "30 August 2000", "answer_start": 859}, {"text": "30 August 2000", "answer_span": "The discogs.com domain name was registered on 30 August 2000", "answer_start": 813}, {"text": "30 August 2000", "answer_span": "The discogs.com domain name was registered on 30 August 2000", "answer_start": 813}], "orig_answer": {"text": "30 August 2000", "answer_span": "30 August 2000", "answer_start": 859}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many different releases are on the site?", "answers": [{"text": "8 million releases", "answer_span": "8 million releases", "answer_start": 557}, {"text": "over 8 million", "answer_span": "over 8 million", "answer_start": 552}, {"text": "Over 8 million", "answer_span": " Discogs currently contains over 8 million releases", "answer_start": 524}, {"text": "over 8 million", "answer_span": "Discogs currently contains over 8 million releases", "answer_start": 525}], "orig_answer": {"text": "8 million releases", "answer_span": "8 million releases", "answer_start": 557}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "artists?", "answers": [{"text": "4.9 million", "answer_span": " 4.9 million ", "answer_start": 586}, {"text": "nearly 4.9 million artists", "answer_span": "nearly 4.9 million artists", "answer_start": 580}, {"text": "4.9 million", "answer_span": "Discogs currently contains over 8 million releases, by nearly 4.9 million artists", "answer_start": 525}, {"text": "4.9 million artists", "answer_span": " by nearly 4.9 million artists", "answer_start": 576}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4.9 million", "answer_span": " 4.9 million ", "answer_start": 586}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "labels?", "answers": [{"text": "1 million", "answer_span": "1 million", "answer_start": 620}, {"text": "over 1 million labels", "answer_span": "over 1 million labels", "answer_start": 615}, {"text": "1 million", "answer_span": "Discogs currently contains over 8 million releases, by nearly 4.9 million artists, across over 1 million labels", "answer_start": 525}, {"text": "1 million", "answer_span": "across over 1 million labels", "answer_start": 608}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1 million", "answer_span": "1 million", "answer_start": 620}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they continue to catalogue more material?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "with these figures constantly growing as users continually add previously unlisted releases to the site over time. ", "answer_start": 696}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "hese figures constantly growing as users continually add previously unlisted releases", "answer_start": 702}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "with these figures constantly growing as users continually add previously unlisted releases to the site over time", "answer_start": 696}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "these figures constantly growing", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "with these figures constantly growing as users continually add previously unlisted releases to the site over time. ", "answer_start": 696}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who started the website?", "answers": [{"text": "Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_span": " Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_start": 956}, {"text": "Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_span": "Kevin Lewandowski ", "answer_start": 957}, {"text": "Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_span": "The discogs.com domain name was registered on 30 August 2000, and Discogs itself was launched in November 2000 by programmer, DJ, and music fan Kevin Lewandowski originally as a database of electronic music.", "answer_start": 813}, {"text": "Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_span": "Discogs itself was launched in November 2000 by programmer, DJ, and music fan Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_start": 879}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_span": " Kevin Lewandowski", "answer_start": 956}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were his inspirations?", "answers": [{"text": "community-built sites", "answer_span": "community-built sites", "answer_start": 1057}, {"text": "Slashdot, eBay, and Open Directory Project", "answer_span": "Slashdot, eBay, and Open Directory Project", "answer_start": 1087}, {"text": "The success of Slashdot, eBay, and Open Directory Project", "answer_span": "He was inspired by the success of community-built sites such as Slashdot, eBay, and Open Directory Project, and decided to use this model for a music discography database", "answer_start": 1023}, {"text": "community-built sites", "answer_span": "He was inspired by the success of community-built sites", "answer_start": 1023}], "orig_answer": {"text": "community-built sites", "answer_span": "community-built sites", "answer_start": 1057}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of music did the site originally focus on?", "answers": [{"text": "electronic music", "answer_span": "electronic music", "answer_start": 1270}, {"text": "electronic music", "answer_span": "electronic music", "answer_start": 1270}, {"text": "Electronic", "answer_span": "The discogs.com domain name was registered on 30 August 2000, and Discogs itself was launched in November 2000 by programmer, DJ, and music fan Kevin Lewandowski originally as a database of electronic music", "answer_start": 813}, {"text": "electronic music", "answer_span": "The site's original goal was to build the most comprehensive database of electronic music", "answer_start": 1197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "electronic music", "answer_span": "electronic music", "answer_start": 1270}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Has it since expanded beyond this particular type of music?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and in January 2004 it began to support other genres, starting with hip hop.", "answer_start": 1417}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "it has expanded to include rock and jazz ", "answer_start": 1506}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " in January 2004 it began to support other genres", "answer_start": 1420}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "it began to support other genres", "answer_start": 1437}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and in January 2004 it began to support other genres, starting with hip hop.", "answer_start": 1417}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it start branching out into different genres?", "answers": [{"text": "January 2004", "answer_span": "January 2004", "answer_start": 1424}, {"text": "in January 2004", "answer_span": "in January 2004", "answer_start": 1421}, {"text": "January 2004", "answer_span": " in January 2004 it began to support other genres", "answer_start": 1420}, {"text": "January 2004", "answer_span": "January 2004 it began to support other genres", "answer_start": 1424}], "orig_answer": {"text": "January 2004", "answer_span": "January 2004", "answer_start": 1424}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the ultimate goal of the platform?", "answers": [{"text": "to build the most comprehensive database of music", "answer_span": " to build the most comprehensive database", "answer_start": 1225}, {"text": "capture of virtually every single type of audio recording", "answer_span": "capture of virtually every single type of audio recording", "answer_start": 1954}, {"text": "Capture every single type of audio recording that has ever been released.", "answer_span": "adding support for the Stage & Screen, Brass & Military, Children's, and Folk, World, & Country music genres, allowing capture of virtually every single type of audio recording that has ever been released.", "answer_start": 1835}, {"text": "capture of virtually every single type of audio recording that has ever been released", "answer_span": "allowing capture of virtually every single type of audio recording that has ever been released", "answer_start": 1945}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to build the most comprehensive database of music", "answer_span": " to build the most comprehensive database", "answer_start": 1225}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the information crowd sourced?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " crowdsourced", "answer_start": 50}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "crowdsourced database ", "answer_start": 51}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Discogs, short for discographies, is a website and crowdsourced database of information about audio recordings", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "crowdsourced", "answer_start": 51}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " crowdsourced", "answer_start": 50}, "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3z2r0dq0jhe3smkalexct301cwae2a"}], "section_title": "Discogs", "background": "Discogs", "title": "Discogs"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Zen () is a school of Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China during the Tang dynasty as Chan Buddhism. Zen school was strongly influenced by Taoism and developed as a distinct school of Chinese Buddhism. From China, Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam, northeast to Korea and east to Japan, where it became known as Japanese Zen. \n\nThe term Zen is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa (Chan) which traces its roots to the Indian practice of Dhyana (\"meditation\"). Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature, and the personal expression of this insight in daily life, especially for the benefit of others. As such, it de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine and favors direct understanding through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher. \n\nThe teachings of Zen include various sources of Mahayana thought, especially Yogachara, the Tath\u0101gatagarbha s\u016btras and the Huayan school, with their emphasis on Buddha-nature, totality, and the Bodhisattva-ideal. The Praj\u00f1\u0101p\u0101ramit\u0101 literature and, to a lesser extent, Madhyamaka have also been influential in the shaping of the \"paradoxical language\" of the Zen-tradition. \n\nThe word \"Zen\" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa () (pinyin: \"Ch\u00e1n\"), which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word \"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 ), which can be approximately translated as \"absorption\" or \"meditative state\".", "qas": [{"question": "Zen Zen is part of which religion?", "answers": [{"text": "Buddhism", "answer_span": "Zen () is a school of Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "Buddhism", "answer_span": "Zen () is a school of Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Buddhism", "answer_span": "Buddhism", "answer_start": 97}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Buddhism", "answer_span": "Zen () is a school of Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it a school of?", "answers": [{"text": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_span": " Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 21}, {"text": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_span": "Zen () is a school of Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 22}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism", "answer_start": 22}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did that type come from?", "answers": [{"text": "China", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China ", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "China", "answer_span": "China", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "China", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "China", "answer_span": "China", "answer_start": 59}], "orig_answer": {"text": "China", "answer_span": "Mahayana Buddhism that originated in China ", "answer_start": 22}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "During the Tang dynasty", "answer_span": "during the Tang dynasty", "answer_start": 65}, {"text": "during the Tang dynasty", "answer_span": "during the Tang dynasty ", "answer_start": 65}, {"text": "during the Tang dynasty", "answer_span": " in China during the Tang dynasty", "answer_start": 55}, {"text": "during the Tang dynasty", "answer_span": "during the Tang dynasty", "answer_start": 65}], "orig_answer": {"text": "During the Tang dynasty", "answer_span": "during the Tang dynasty", "answer_start": 65}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What influenced Zen?", "answers": [{"text": "Taoism", "answer_span": "Zen school was strongly influenced by Taoism", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "Taoism", "answer_span": " Taoism", "answer_start": 144}, {"text": "Taoism", "answer_span": " Zen school was strongly influenced by Taoism", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "Taoism", "answer_span": "Taoism", "answer_start": 145}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Taoism", "answer_span": "Zen school was strongly influenced by Taoism", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name a country to which it spread from China.", "answers": [{"text": "Japan", "answer_span": "China, Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam, northeast to Korea and east to Japan", "answer_start": 213}, {"text": "Vietnam", "answer_span": "Vietnam", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "Vietnam", "answer_span": "Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "Vietnam", "answer_span": "Vietnam", "answer_start": 250}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Japan", "answer_span": "China, Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam, northeast to Korea and east to Japan", "answer_start": 213}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name something the teachings of Zen emphasizes.", "answers": [{"text": "Meditation-practice", "answer_span": " Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice", "answer_start": 501}, {"text": "rigorous self-control", "answer_span": "rigorous self-control", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "Buddha-nature", "answer_span": " with their emphasis on Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 981}, {"text": "rigorous self-control", "answer_span": "rigorous self-control", "answer_start": 517}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Meditation-practice", "answer_span": " Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice", "answer_start": 501}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "Rigorous self-control", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "rigorous self-control", "answer_span": "rigorous self-control", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "rigorous self-control", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_span": "insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rigorous self-control", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control", "answer_start": 502}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what else?", "answers": [{"text": "Insight into Buddha's nature", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_span": "insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 561}, {"text": "insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_span": " insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 560}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Insight into Buddha's nature", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature", "answer_start": 502}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When should that insight be expressed?", "answers": [{"text": "All the time, especially for the benefit of others.", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature, and the personal expression of this insight in daily life, especially for the benefit of others.", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "daily life", "answer_span": "daily life", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "in daily life", "answer_span": "and the personal expression of this insight in daily life", "answer_start": 589}, {"text": "in daily life", "answer_span": "in daily lif", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "All the time, especially for the benefit of others.", "answer_span": "Zen emphasizes rigorous self-control, meditation-practice, insight into Buddha-nature, and the personal expression of this insight in daily life, especially for the benefit of others.", "answer_start": 502}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does Zen value mere knowledge of doctrine?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "As such, it de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine and favors direct understanding through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher. ", "answer_start": 686}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "it de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine", "answer_start": 695}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "it de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine", "answer_start": 695}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine", "answer_start": 698}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "As such, it de-emphasizes mere knowledge of sutras and doctrine and favors direct understanding through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher. ", "answer_start": 686}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it value instead?", "answers": [{"text": "Direct understanding", "answer_span": "favors direct understanding through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher.", "answer_start": 754}, {"text": "direct understanding", "answer_span": "direct understanding", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "direct understanding", "answer_span": " and favors direct understanding ", "answer_start": 749}, {"text": "direct understanding", "answer_span": " direct understanding ", "answer_start": 760}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Direct understanding", "answer_span": "favors direct understanding through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher.", "answer_start": 754}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Through what?", "answers": [{"text": "Through \"zazen\" and interaction with an accomplished teacher.", "answer_span": "through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher.", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "zazen", "answer_span": "zazen", "answer_start": 790}, {"text": "zazen", "answer_span": "direct understanding through zazen ", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher", "answer_span": "zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher", "answer_start": 790}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Through \"zazen\" and interaction with an accomplished teacher.", "answer_span": "through zazen and interaction with an accomplished teacher.", "answer_start": 782}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Chinese word does Zen trace back to?", "answers": [{"text": "\u79aa", "answer_span": " \"Zen\" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa () (pinyin: \"Ch\u00e1n\"", "answer_start": 1227}, {"text": "\"Ch\u00e1n\"", "answer_span": "\"Ch\u00e1n\"", "answer_start": 1318}, {"text": "\u79aa", "answer_span": "\"Zen\" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa () (pinyin", "answer_start": 1228}, {"text": "\"meditation\"", "answer_span": "\"meditation\"", "answer_start": 487}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u79aa", "answer_span": " \"Zen\" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa () (pinyin: \"Ch\u00e1n\"", "answer_start": 1227}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Sanskrit word does this come from in turn?", "answers": [{"text": "\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928", "answer_span": "The word \"Zen\" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa () (pinyin: \"Ch\u00e1n\"), which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word \"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 )", "answer_start": 1219}, {"text": "\"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 )", "answer_span": "\"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 )", "answer_start": 1375}, {"text": "dhy\u0101na", "answer_span": "which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word \"dhy\u0101na\"", "answer_start": 1327}, {"text": "Chan", "answer_span": "Chan", "answer_start": 424}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928", "answer_span": "The word \"Zen\" is derived from the Japanese pronunciation of the Middle Chinese word \u79aa () (pinyin: \"Ch\u00e1n\"), which in turn is derived from the Sanskrit word \"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 )", "answer_start": 1219}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a meaning of this word?", "answers": [{"text": "\"absorption\" or \"meditative state\"", "answer_span": "turn is derived from the Sanskrit word \"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 ), which can be approximately translated as \"absorption\" or \"meditative state\".", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": "absorption", "answer_span": "absorption", "answer_start": 1436}, {"text": "absorption", "answer_span": "which can be approximately translated as \"absorption\"", "answer_start": 1394}, {"text": "\"absorption\"", "answer_span": "\"absorption\"", "answer_start": 1435}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"absorption\" or \"meditative state\"", "answer_span": "turn is derived from the Sanskrit word \"dhy\u0101na\" (\u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 ), which can be approximately translated as \"absorption\" or \"meditative state\".", "answer_start": 1336}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who practiced Dhyana?", "answers": [{"text": "Indians", "answer_span": " Indian practice of Dhyana (", "answer_start": 459}, {"text": "Indian", "answer_span": "Indian ", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "Indians", "answer_span": "the Indian practice of Dhyana", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "Indian", "answer_span": "Indian", "answer_start": 460}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Indians", "answer_span": " Indian practice of Dhyana (", "answer_start": 459}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Zen present in Vietnam?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "spread south to Vietnam", "answer_start": 234}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam, northeast to Korea and east to Japan, where it became known as Japanese Zen. ", "answer_start": 220}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Chan Buddhism spread south to Vietnam", "answer_start": 220}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called in Japan?", "answers": [{"text": "Japanese Zen", "answer_span": " Japan, where it became known as Japanese Zen", "answer_start": 289}, {"text": "Japanese Zen", "answer_span": "Japanese Zen", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "Japanese Zen", "answer_span": "Japan, where it became known as Japanese Zen. ", "answer_start": 290}, {"text": "\u79aa (Chan)", "answer_span": " \u79aa (Chan)", "answer_start": 420}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Japanese Zen", "answer_span": " Japan, where it became known as Japanese Zen", "answer_start": 289}, "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3xiqgxaumc8jkn8xmv4zdj2g3fu7x9"}], "section_title": "Zen", "background": "Zen", "title": "Zen"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Height above average terrain (HAAT) (or less popularly, EHAAT, Effective Height Above Average Terrain) is a measure of how high an antenna site is above the surrounding landscape. HAAT is used extensively in FM radio and television, as it is more important than effective radiated power (ERP) in determining the range of broadcasts (VHF and UHF in particular, as they are line of sight transmissions). For international coordination, it is officially measured in meters, even by the Federal Communications Commission in the United States, as Canada and Mexico have extensive border zones where stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries. Stations that want to increase above a certain HAAT must reduce their power accordingly, based on the maximum distance their station class is allowed to cover (see List of North American broadcast station classes for more information on this). \n\nThe FCC procedure to calculate HAAT is: from the proposed or actual antenna site, either 12 or 16 radials were drawn, and points at 2, 4, 6, 8, and radius along each radial were used. The entire radial graph could be rotated to achieve the best effect for the station. The altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points, is the HAAT. This can create some unusual cases, particularly in mountainous regions\u2014it is possible to have a negative number for HAAT (the transmitter would not be located underground, but rather in a valley, with hills on both sides taller than the transmitter itself, for example).", "qas": [{"question": "Height above average terrain What does HAAT stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "It stands for Height about average terrain", "answer_span": "Height above average terrain ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Height above average terrain", "answer_span": "Height above average terrain (HAAT)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Height above average terrain", "answer_span": "Height above average terrain (HAAT", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Height above average terrain", "answer_span": "Height above average terrain", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It stands for Height about average terrain", "answer_span": "Height above average terrain ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a similar acronym that means the same thing?", "answers": [{"text": "The less popular version, EHAAT, Effective Height Above Average Terrain", "answer_span": "EHAAT, Effective Height Above Average Terrain", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "EHAAT", "answer_span": "or less popularly, EHAAT", "answer_start": 37}, {"text": "EHAAT", "answer_span": "EHAAT", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "EHAAT", "answer_span": "EHAAT", "answer_start": 56}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The less popular version, EHAAT, Effective Height Above Average Terrain", "answer_span": "EHAAT, Effective Height Above Average Terrain", "answer_start": 56}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can it be a negative number?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "it is possible to have a negative number for HAAT (the tra", "answer_start": 1357}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "t is possible to have a negative number for HAAT ", "answer_start": 1358}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "12 or 16 radials were drawn, and points at 2, 4, 6, 8", "answer_start": 1002}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "it is possible to have a negative number", "answer_start": 1357}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "it is possible to have a negative number for HAAT (the tra", "answer_start": 1357}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does that happen?", "answers": [{"text": "Usually in the mountainous regions", "answer_span": "his can create some unusual cases, particularly in mountainous regions\u2014", "answer_start": 1286}, {"text": "Mountainous regions", "answer_span": " particularly in mountainous regions", "answer_start": 1320}, {"text": "in a valley", "answer_span": "it is possible to have a negative number for HAAT (the transmitter would not be located underground, but rather in a valley", "answer_start": 1357}, {"text": "in a valley", "answer_span": "in a valley", "answer_start": 1469}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Usually in the mountainous regions", "answer_span": "his can create some unusual cases, particularly in mountainous regions\u2014", "answer_start": 1286}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What industries is it used in?", "answers": [{"text": "More commonly, FM radio and television", "answer_span": "extensively in FM radio and television, ", "answer_start": 193}, {"text": "FM radio and television", "answer_span": "HAAT is used extensively in FM radio and television", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "FM radio and television", "answer_span": "extensively in FM radio and television", "answer_start": 193}, {"text": "FM radio and television", "answer_span": "FM radio and television", "answer_start": 208}], "orig_answer": {"text": "More commonly, FM radio and television", "answer_span": "extensively in FM radio and television, ", "answer_start": 193}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What transmission types?", "answers": [{"text": "Usually VHF and UHF", "answer_span": "VHF and UHF in particular,", "answer_start": 333}, {"text": "VHF and UHF", "answer_span": "(VHF and UHF in particular", "answer_start": 332}, {"text": "VHF and UHF", "answer_span": "VHF and UHF in particular,", "answer_start": 333}, {"text": "VHF and UHF", "answer_span": "(VHF and UHF", "answer_start": 332}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Usually VHF and UHF", "answer_span": "VHF and UHF in particular,", "answer_start": 333}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it given in feet?", "answers": [{"text": "NO", "answer_span": "it is officially measured in meters,", "answer_start": 434}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " it is officially measured in meters", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " 12 or 16 radials were drawn,", "answer_start": 1001}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " it is officially measured in meters", "answer_start": 433}], "orig_answer": {"text": "NO", "answer_span": "it is officially measured in meters,", "answer_start": 434}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What unit is used?", "answers": [{"text": "Meters", "answer_span": " it is officially measured in meters, ", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "Meters", "answer_span": "it is officially measured in meters", "answer_start": 434}, {"text": "radials", "answer_span": "12 or 16 radials", "answer_start": 1002}, {"text": "meters", "answer_span": "meters", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Meters", "answer_span": " it is officially measured in meters, ", "answer_start": 433}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why?", "answers": [{"text": "So that stations can be recieved on either side of the international boundaries.", "answer_span": " as Canada and Mexico have extensive border zones where stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries. ", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "Stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries", "answer_span": " where stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries", "answer_start": 587}, {"text": "extensive border zones where stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries", "answer_span": "extensive border zones where stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries", "answer_start": 565}, {"text": "For international coordination", "answer_span": "For international coordination", "answer_start": 402}], "orig_answer": {"text": "So that stations can be recieved on either side of the international boundaries.", "answer_span": " as Canada and Mexico have extensive border zones where stations can be received on either side of the international boundaries. ", "answer_start": 538}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is subtracted from what to find it?", "answers": [{"text": "average altitude", "answer_span": "the average altitude of all the specif", "answer_start": 1222}, {"text": "Altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points", "answer_span": "The altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points", "answer_start": 1182}, {"text": "The altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points", "answer_span": "The altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points", "answer_start": 1182}, {"text": "The altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points", "answer_span": " The altitude of the antenna site, minus the average altitude of all the specified points", "answer_start": 1181}], "orig_answer": {"text": "average altitude", "answer_span": "the average altitude of all the specif", "answer_start": 1222}, "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3zazr5xv01ie1z38eu0vqqa5cu0czt"}], "section_title": "Height above average terrain", "background": "Height above average terrain", "title": "Height above average terrain"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS. In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized Windows shell based on Microsoft's \"Metro\" design language, the Start screen (which displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles), a new platform for developing apps with an emphasis on touchscreen input, integration with online services (including the ability to sync apps and settings between devices), and Windows Store, an online store for downloading and purchasing new software. Windows 8 added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing. Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "qas": [{"question": "Windows 8 what prevents malware for infecting the boot process ?", "answers": [{"text": "UEFI firmware", "answer_span": "with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 1004}, {"text": "UEFI firmware", "answer_span": "UEFI firmware", "answer_start": 1009}, {"text": "UEFI firmware", "answer_span": "UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 1009}, {"text": "UEFI firmware", "answer_span": "UEFI firmware", "answer_start": 1009}], "orig_answer": {"text": "UEFI firmware", "answer_span": "with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 1004}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Windows 8 introduced what ?", "answers": [{"text": "major changes", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "major changes to the operating system's platform", "answer_span": "major changes to the operating system's platform ", "answer_start": 21}, {"text": "major changes", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "major changes", "answer_span": "major changes", "answer_start": 21}], "orig_answer": {"text": "major changes", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "to what ?", "answers": [{"text": "operating system's platform", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the operating system's platform", "answer_span": "the operating system's platform ", "answer_start": 38}, {"text": "the operating system's platform", "answer_span": "major changes to the operating system's platform", "answer_start": 21}, {"text": "platform and interface", "answer_span": "operating system's platform", "answer_start": 42}], "orig_answer": {"text": "operating system's platform", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why ?", "answers": [{"text": "to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_span": "to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_span": "to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "improve its user experience", "answer_span": " improve its user experience", "answer_start": 91}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does the smart screen do ?", "answers": [{"text": "phishing filtering service", "answer_span": " integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service", "answer_start": 883}, {"text": "displays programs", "answer_span": "displays programs", "answer_start": 362}, {"text": "phishing filtering", "answer_span": "Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service", "answer_start": 901}, {"text": "phishing filtering service", "answer_span": "phishing filtering service", "answer_start": 923}], "orig_answer": {"text": "phishing filtering service", "answer_span": " integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service", "answer_start": 883}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the online store for ?", "answers": [{"text": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_span": "an online store for downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_start": 626}, {"text": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_span": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_start": 646}, {"text": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_span": "an online store for downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_start": 626}, {"text": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_span": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_start": 646}], "orig_answer": {"text": "downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_span": "an online store for downloading and purchasing new software", "answer_start": 626}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many things did windows add support for ?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": " Windows 8 added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing", "answer_start": 686}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing", "answer_start": 715}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing", "answer_start": 697}, {"text": "12", "answer_span": "Windows 8 introduced major changes to the operating system's platform and user interface to improve its user experience on tablets, where Windows was now competing with mobile operating systems, including Android and iOS. In particular, these changes included a touch-optimized Windows shell based on Microsoft's \"Metro\" design language, the Start screen (which displays programs and dynamically updated content on a grid of tiles), a new platform for developing apps with an emphasis on touchscreen input, integration with online services (including the ability to sync apps and settings between devices), and Windows Store, an online store for downloading and purchasing new software. Windows 8 added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing. Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": " Windows 8 added support for USB 3.0, Advanced Format hard drives, near field communications, and cloud computing", "answer_start": 686}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many Additional security features were introduced ?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 801}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot", "answer_start": 801}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 800}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Additional security features were introduced, such as built-in antivirus software, integration with Microsoft SmartScreen phishing filtering service and support for UEFI Secure Boot on supported devices with UEFI firmware, to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 801}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what harm would malware do ?", "answers": [{"text": "infecting the boot process", "answer_span": "to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "infecting the boot process", "answer_span": "infecting the boot process", "answer_start": 1048}, {"text": "infecting the boot process.", "answer_span": "to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "infecting the boot process", "answer_span": "infecting the boot process", "answer_start": 1048}], "orig_answer": {"text": "infecting the boot process", "answer_span": "to prevent malware from infecting the boot process.", "answer_start": 1024}, "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "354p56de9k3bo6myslycebloosw7sp"}], "section_title": "Windows 8", "background": "Windows 8", "title": "Windows 8"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present. Its main subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology, which concerns long-term development of the human organism. Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or grouped under other related disciplines such as history. \n\nSimilar organizations in other countries followed: The American Anthropological Association in 1902, the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865), the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871), and many others subsequently. The majority of these were evolutionist. One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation.", "qas": [{"question": "Anthropology Who disagreed with Darwin?", "answers": [{"text": "Rudolph Virchow", "answer_span": "Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation", "answer_start": 1157}, {"text": "Rudolph Virchow", "answer_span": "One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation.", "answer_start": 1004}, {"text": "Rudolph Virchow", "answer_span": "Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists.", "answer_start": 1083}, {"text": "Rudolph Virchow", "answer_span": "Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation.", "answer_start": 1083}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rudolph Virchow", "answer_span": "Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation", "answer_start": 1157}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he found?", "answers": [{"text": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology", "answer_span": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "Berlin Society of Anthropology", "answer_span": "One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow", "answer_start": 1004}, {"text": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology", "answer_span": " the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow", "answer_start": 1029}, {"text": "Berlin Society of Anthropology", "answer_span": "One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow", "answer_start": 1004}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology", "answer_span": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow", "answer_start": 1030}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year?", "answers": [{"text": "1869", "answer_span": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869)", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "1869", "answer_span": " One notable exception was the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869) founded by Rudolph Virchow", "answer_start": 1003}, {"text": "1869", "answer_span": " the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869)", "answer_start": 1029}, {"text": "1869", "answer_span": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869", "answer_start": 1030}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1869", "answer_span": "the Berlin Society of Anthropology (1869)", "answer_start": 1030}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was founded in 1865?", "answers": [{"text": "the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865)", "answer_span": " the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865)", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "The Anthropological Society of Madrid", "answer_span": "the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865)", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "the Anthropological Society of Madrid", "answer_span": "the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865),", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "Anthropological Society of Madrid", "answer_span": "the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865)", "answer_start": 783}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865)", "answer_span": " the Anthropological Society of Madrid (1865)", "answer_start": 782}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And in 1870?", "answers": [{"text": "the Anthropological Society of Vienna", "answer_span": " the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870)", "answer_start": 828}, {"text": "The Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870)", "answer_span": " the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870", "answer_start": 828}, {"text": "the Anthropological Society of Vienna", "answer_span": "the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870)", "answer_start": 829}, {"text": "Anthropological Society of Vienna", "answer_span": "Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870", "answer_start": 833}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Anthropological Society of Vienna", "answer_span": " the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870)", "answer_start": 828}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much later was the Italian Sociaty of Anthropology and Ethnology founded?", "answers": [{"text": "one year later", "answer_span": " the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871)", "answer_start": 874}, {"text": "One year", "answer_span": "the Anthropological Society of Vienna (1870), the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871)", "answer_start": 829}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": " the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871)", "answer_start": 874}, {"text": "one year", "answer_span": "Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871", "answer_start": 887}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one year later", "answer_span": " the Italian Society of Anthropology and Ethnology (1871)", "answer_start": 874}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was the American Anthropological Association founded before or after that?", "answers": [{"text": "after", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "After", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "after", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "after", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}], "orig_answer": {"text": "after", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year?", "answers": [{"text": "1902", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "1902", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "1902", "answer_span": " The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 732}, {"text": "1902", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1902", "answer_span": "The American Anthropological Association in 1902", "answer_start": 733}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it an evolutionist organization?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The majority of these were evolutionist", "answer_start": 963}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The majority of these were evolutionist.", "answer_start": 963}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The majority of these were evolutionist", "answer_start": 963}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The majority of these were evolutionist.", "answer_start": 963}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The majority of these were evolutionist", "answer_start": 963}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is anthropology?", "answers": [{"text": "the study of humans and their societies in the past and present", "answer_span": "Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The study of humans and their societies", "answer_span": "Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the study of humans and their societies in the past and present", "answer_span": "Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the study of humans and their societies in the past and present.", "answer_span": "Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the study of humans and their societies in the past and present", "answer_span": "Anthropology is the study of humans and their societies in the past and present", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many main categories does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "Its main subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology, which concerns long-term development of the human organism.", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " Its main subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology, which concerns long-term development of the human organism", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology", "answer_start": 90}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "ts main subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology, which concerns long-term development of the human organism.", "answer_start": 82}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Its main subdivisions are social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world, linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life, and biological or physical anthropology, which concerns long-term development of the human organism.", "answer_start": 81}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is archaeology?", "answers": [{"text": "The study of past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "The study of past human cultures", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "the study of past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_start": 401}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The study of past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence", "answer_start": 401}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do the US and Europe agree on its categorization?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or grouped under other related disciplines such as history", "answer_start": 492}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right,", "answer_start": 537}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "s thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right,", "answer_start": 493}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right", "answer_start": 491}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does the US categorize it?", "answers": [{"text": "as a branch of anthropology", "answer_span": "as a branch of anthropology", "answer_start": 506}, {"text": "A branch of anthropology", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or grouped under other related disciplines such as history.", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "a branch of anthropology", "answer_span": " a branch of anthropology in the United States", "answer_start": 508}, {"text": "as a branch of anthropology", "answer_span": " is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States,", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as a branch of anthropology", "answer_span": "as a branch of anthropology", "answer_start": 506}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And Europe?", "answers": [{"text": "as a discipline in its own right", "answer_span": "as a discipline in its own right", "answer_start": 586}, {"text": "A discipline in its own right", "answer_span": "Archaeology, which studies past human cultures through investigation of physical evidence, is thought of as a branch of anthropology in the United States, while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right, or grouped under other related disciplines such as history.", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "a discipline in its own right", "answer_span": "while in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right", "answer_start": 556}, {"text": "a discipline in its own right", "answer_span": "in Europe, it is viewed as a discipline in its own right", "answer_start": 562}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as a discipline in its own right", "answer_span": "as a discipline in its own right", "answer_start": 586}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What category of anthropology deals with languages?", "answers": [{"text": "linguistic anthropology", "answer_span": "linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "Linguistic anthropology", "answer_span": "linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "linguistic", "answer_span": "linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language ", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "linguistic", "answer_span": "linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life", "answer_start": 214}], "orig_answer": {"text": "linguistic anthropology", "answer_span": "linguistic anthropology, which investigates the influence of language in social life", "answer_start": 214}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about societies?", "answers": [{"text": "social anthropology and cultural anthropology", "answer_span": "social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "Cultural anthropology", "answer_span": " cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world", "answer_start": 130}, {"text": "social", "answer_span": " social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "social anthropology and cultural anthropology", "answer_span": "social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies ", "answer_start": 107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "social anthropology and cultural anthropology", "answer_span": "social anthropology and cultural anthropology, which describes the workings of societies around the world", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did Virchow attack?", "answers": [{"text": "the evolutionists.", "answer_span": " known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. ", "answer_start": 1099}, {"text": "The evolutionists.", "answer_span": " Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists.", "answer_start": 1082}, {"text": "evolutionists", "answer_span": "Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists", "answer_start": 1083}, {"text": "evolutionists", "answer_span": "Rudolph Virchow, known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists", "answer_start": 1083}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the evolutionists.", "answer_span": " known for his vituperative attacks on the evolutionists. ", "answer_start": 1099}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he religious?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Not religious himself", "answer_start": 1157}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Not religious himself, he insisted that Darwin's conclusions lacked empirical foundation.", "answer_start": 1157}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Not religious himself", "answer_start": 1157}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Not religious himself, h", "answer_start": 1157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Not religious himself", "answer_start": 1157}, "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "39asuflu6x74t2n793i5jtuxot0xe4"}], "section_title": "Anthropology", "background": "Anthropology", "title": "Anthropology"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"), is a nation state located in the southern Central Europe, variously classified as part of Eastern and Southern Europe. The country is located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes. It is bordered by Italy to the west, Austria to the north, Hungary to the northeast, Croatia to the south and southeast, and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. It covers and has a population of 2.06 million. It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana. \n\nThe territory is mostly mountainous with a mainly continental climate, with the exception of the Slovene Littoral that has a sub-Mediterranean climate and the north-western area that has an Alpine climate. Additionally, the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the territory of Slovenia. The country, marked by a significant biological diversity, is one of the most water-rich in Europe, with a dense river network, a rich aquifer system, and significant karst underground watercourses. Over half of the territory is covered by forest. The human settlement of Slovenia is dispersed and uneven. \n\nSlovenia has historically been the crossroads of West Slavic, South Slavic, Germanic, Romance, and Hungarian languages and culture. Although the population is not homogeneous, the majority is Slovene. South Slavic language Slovene is the official language throughout the country. Slovenia is a largely secularized country, but its culture and identity have been significantly influenced by Catholicism as well as Lutheranism. The economy of Slovenia is small, open, and export-oriented and has been strongly influenced by international conditions. It has been severely hurt by the Eurozone crisis, started in the late 2000s. The main economic field is services, followed by industry and construction.", "qas": [{"question": "Slovenia what nation has Ljublijana as the capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Slovenia", "answer_span": "The capital and largest city is Ljubljana. \n", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia", "answer_span": "The capital and largest city is Ljubljana.", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "Slovenia", "answer_span": " The capital and largest city is Ljubljana", "answer_start": 576}, {"text": "Slovenia", "answer_span": "The capital and largest city is Ljubljana", "answer_start": 577}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Slovenia", "answer_span": "The capital and largest city is Ljubljana. \n", "answer_start": 577}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what's the official name?", "answers": [{"text": "the Republic of Slovenia", "answer_span": "Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"),", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Republic of Slovenia", "answer_span": "lovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "the Republic of Slovenia", "answer_span": "Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Republic of Slovenia", "answer_span": "Republic of Slovenia", "answer_start": 25}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Republic of Slovenia", "answer_span": "Slovenia, officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"),", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is another name for it?", "answers": [{"text": "Slovene", "answer_span": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS", "answer_span": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "Slovene", "answer_span": " the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene", "answer_start": 20}, {"text": "Slovene", "answer_span": "Slovene", "answer_start": 47}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Slovene", "answer_span": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"", "answer_start": 47}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how is it abbreviated?", "answers": [{"text": "RS", "answer_span": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "abbr.: \"RS", "answer_span": "abbr.: \"RS", "answer_start": 58}, {"text": "RS", "answer_span": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "RS", "answer_span": "RS", "answer_start": 66}], "orig_answer": {"text": "RS", "answer_span": "Slovene: , abbr.: \"RS\"", "answer_start": 47}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it?", "answers": [{"text": "in southern Central Europe", "answer_span": "is a nation state located in the southern Central Europe", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "southern Central Europe,", "answer_span": "a nation state located in the southern Central Europe, ", "answer_start": 75}, {"text": "Central Europe", "answer_span": "is a nation state located in the southern Central Europe", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "southern Central Europe", "answer_span": "southern Central Europe", "answer_start": 105}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in southern Central Europe", "answer_span": "is a nation state located in the southern Central Europe", "answer_start": 72}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it considered to belong?", "answers": [{"text": "as part of Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_span": "ariously classified as part of Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_span": "ariously classified as part of Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_span": "variously classified as part of Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_start": 130}, {"text": "Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_span": "Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_start": 162}], "orig_answer": {"text": "as part of Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_span": "ariously classified as part of Eastern and Southern Europe", "answer_start": 131}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which border does it share with Italy?", "answers": [{"text": "its western border", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Italy to the west", "answer_start": 276}, {"text": "weest", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Italy to the west, ", "answer_start": 276}, {"text": "western", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Italy to the west,", "answer_start": 276}, {"text": "west", "answer_span": "west", "answer_start": 307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "its western border", "answer_span": "It is bordered by Italy to the west", "answer_start": 276}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who does it border to the north?", "answers": [{"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "Austria to the north", "answer_start": 313}, {"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "Austria to the north", "answer_start": 313}, {"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "Austria to the north", "answer_start": 313}, {"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "Austria", "answer_start": 313}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Austria", "answer_span": "Austria to the north", "answer_start": 313}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what about northeast?", "answers": [{"text": "Hungary", "answer_span": "Hungary to the northeast,", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "Hungary", "answer_span": "Hungary to the northeast,", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "Hungary", "answer_span": "Hungary to the northeast", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "Hungary", "answer_span": "Hungary", "answer_start": 335}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hungary", "answer_span": "Hungary to the northeast,", "answer_start": 335}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and where does it border croatiA?", "answers": [{"text": "to the south and southeast", "answer_span": "Croatia to the south and southeast", "answer_start": 361}, {"text": "south and southeast,", "answer_span": "roatia to the south and southeast, ", "answer_start": 362}, {"text": "south and southeast", "answer_span": "Croatia to the south and southeast", "answer_start": 361}, {"text": "south and southeast", "answer_span": "south and southeast", "answer_start": 376}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to the south and southeast", "answer_span": "Croatia to the south and southeast", "answer_start": 361}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and does it border a body of water?", "answers": [{"text": "the Adriatic Sea", "answer_span": "and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. ", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest.", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Adriatic Sea to the southwest", "answer_start": 405}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Adriatic Sea", "answer_span": "and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest. ", "answer_start": 397}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which border?", "answers": [{"text": "the southwestern border", "answer_span": "the Adriatic Sea to the southwest", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "to the southwest", "answer_span": "and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "the southwest", "answer_span": "and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest", "answer_start": 397}, {"text": "southwest", "answer_span": "southwest", "answer_start": 425}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the southwestern border", "answer_span": "the Adriatic Sea to the southwest", "answer_start": 401}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the population?", "answers": [{"text": "2.06 million.", "answer_span": " It covers and has a population of 2.06 million.", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "2.06 million", "answer_span": " It covers and has a population of 2.06 million", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "2.06 million", "answer_span": "has a population of 2.06 million", "answer_start": 450}, {"text": "2.06 million", "answer_span": "2.06 million", "answer_start": 470}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2.06 million.", "answer_span": " It covers and has a population of 2.06 million.", "answer_start": 435}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which city is the biggest?", "answers": [{"text": "Ljubljana", "answer_span": "he capital and largest city is Ljubljana. ", "answer_start": 578}, {"text": "Ljubljana.", "answer_span": "The capital and largest city is Ljubljana. ", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "Ljubljana", "answer_span": "The capital and largest city is Ljubljana. ", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "Ljubljana", "answer_span": "Ljubljana", "answer_start": 609}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ljubljana", "answer_span": "he capital and largest city is Ljubljana. ", "answer_start": 578}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it belong to the UN?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO.", "answer_start": 484}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "nd a member of the United Nations,", "answer_start": 516}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " a member of the United Nations", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "member of the United Nations", "answer_start": 521}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO.", "answer_start": 484}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "NATO?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. ", "answer_start": 484}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO.", "answer_start": 483}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "NATO", "answer_start": 571}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. ", "answer_start": 484}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and what else?", "answers": [{"text": "the European Union", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, ", "answer_start": 484}, {"text": "European Union", "answer_span": " It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO.", "answer_start": 483}, {"text": "European Union", "answer_span": "a member of the United Nations, European Union", "answer_start": 519}, {"text": "European Union", "answer_span": "European Union", "answer_start": 551}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the European Union", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, ", "answer_start": 484}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what type of government do they have?", "answers": [{"text": "a parliamentary republic", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations", "answer_start": 484}, {"text": "parliamentary republic", "answer_span": ". It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations, European Union, and NATO. The capital and largest city is Ljubljana. ", "answer_start": 482}, {"text": "a parliamentary republic", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 484}, {"text": "parliamentary republic", "answer_span": "parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 492}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a parliamentary republic", "answer_span": "It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations", "answer_start": 484}, "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3gu1kf0o4i11dq9wdl6yo829k9tpbc"}], "section_title": "Slovenia", "background": "Slovenia", "title": "Slovenia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere. The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution. An alternative term for a species that is endemic is precinctive, which applies to species (and subspecific categories) that are restricted to a defined geographical area. \n\nThe word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus\", from Greek \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \"end\u0113mos\", \"native\". \"End\u0113mos\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\", and \"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people\". The term \"precinctive\" has been suggested by some scientists, and was first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917. It is the equivalent of \"endemism\". \"Precinction\" was perhaps first used by Frank and McCoy. \"Precinctive\" seems to have been coined by David Sharp when describing the Hawaiian fauna in 1900: \"I use the word precinctive in the sense of 'confined to the area under discussion' ... 'precinctive forms' means those forms that are confined to the area specified.\" That definition excludes artificial confinement of examples by humans in far-off botanical gardens or zoological parks. \n\nPhysical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism. The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa. The glacier bear is found only in limited places in Southeast Alaska. Political factors can play a part if a species is protected, or actively hunted, in one jurisdiction but not another.", "qas": [{"question": "Endemism How many factors contribute to endemism?", "answers": [{"text": "Three.", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism. ", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three.", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is psychological one of those?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism. ", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism.", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors", "answer_start": 1265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism. ", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about biological?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism.", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1289}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the other two?", "answers": [{"text": "Physical and climatic", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "Physical and climatic", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism.", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "Physical and climatic", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic", "answer_start": 1265}, {"text": "Physical and climatic", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic", "answer_start": 1265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Physical and climatic", "answer_span": "Physical, climatic, and biological factors can contribute to endemism", "answer_start": 1265}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what country is the orange breasted sunbird found?", "answers": [{"text": "South Africa", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": "South Africa", "answer_span": " The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1335}, {"text": "South Africa", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": "South Africa", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}], "orig_answer": {"text": "South Africa", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it found throughout the country?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa.", "answer_start": 1335}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1367}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which region of South Africa?", "answers": [{"text": "southwestern", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": "the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_span": ". The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1334}, {"text": "southwestern", "answer_span": "southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1418}, {"text": "southwestern", "answer_span": "southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "southwestern", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what zone?", "answers": [{"text": "Fynbos vegetation zone.", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": ". fynbos vegetation zone", "answer_span": ". The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa.", "answer_start": 1334}, {"text": "fynbos vegetation zone", "answer_span": " fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1391}, {"text": "the fynbos vegetation zone", "answer_span": " found in the fynbos vegetation zone", "answer_start": 1378}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Fynbos vegetation zone.", "answer_span": "The orange-breasted sunbird is exclusively found in the fynbos vegetation zone of southwestern South Africa", "answer_start": 1336}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the term endemic have a latin root?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus\",", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus\", ", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin", "answer_start": 502}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus\",", "answer_start": 502}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "Greek", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus\", from Greek \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \"end\u0113mos\", \"native\". \"End\u0113mos\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\", and \"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "Greek", "answer_span": " from Greek \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \"end\u0113mos\",", "answer_start": 551}, {"text": "greek", "answer_span": "end\u0113micus\", from Greek \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "Greek", "answer_span": "from Greek \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2", "answer_start": 552}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greek", "answer_span": "The word \"endemic\" is from New Latin \"end\u0113micus\", from Greek \u03b5\u03bd\u03b4\u03ae\u03bc\u03bf\u03c2, \"end\u0113mos\", \"native\". \"End\u0113mos\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\", and \"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people", "answer_start": 502}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would \"en\" translate to?", "answers": [{"text": "\"in\"", "answer_span": "\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\"", "answer_start": 601}, {"text": "\"in\",", "answer_span": "\"End\u0113mos\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\",", "answer_start": 593}, {"text": "in", "answer_span": "en\" meaning \"in", "answer_start": 617}, {"text": "in", "answer_span": "\"en\" meaning \"in\"", "answer_start": 616}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"in\"", "answer_span": "\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\"", "answer_start": 601}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And \"demos\"?", "answers": [{"text": "\"the people\"", "answer_span": "and \"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people\"", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "\"the people\"", "answer_span": " \"End\u0113mos\" is formed of \"en\" meaning \"in\", and \"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people\"", "answer_start": 592}, {"text": "the people", "answer_span": "d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people", "answer_start": 640}, {"text": "the people", "answer_span": "\"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people\"", "answer_start": 639}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"the people\"", "answer_span": "and \"d\u0113mos\" meaning \"the people\"", "answer_start": 635}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What term means the same thing?", "answers": [{"text": "Precinctive", "answer_span": "The term \"precinctive\" has been suggested by some scientists, and was first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917. It is the equivalent of \"endemism\".", "answer_start": 669}, {"text": "\"endemism\".", "answer_span": " It is the equivalent of \"endemism\".", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "precinctive\"", "answer_span": "The term \"precinctive\"", "answer_start": 669}, {"text": "precinctive", "answer_span": "The term \"precinctive\"", "answer_start": 669}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Precinctive", "answer_span": "The term \"precinctive\" has been suggested by some scientists, and was first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917. It is the equivalent of \"endemism\".", "answer_start": 669}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who first used that?", "answers": [{"text": "MacCaughey", "answer_span": " The term \"precinctive\" has been suggested by some scientists, and was first used in botany by MacCaughey", "answer_start": 668}, {"text": "MacCaughey", "answer_span": "was first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917.", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "Frank and McCoy", "answer_span": "\"Precinction\" was perhaps first used by Frank and McCoy", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "MacCaughey", "answer_span": "was first used in botany by MacCaughey", "answer_start": 735}], "orig_answer": {"text": "MacCaughey", "answer_span": " The term \"precinctive\" has been suggested by some scientists, and was first used in botany by MacCaughey", "answer_start": 668}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he studying animal species?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "and was first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917. It is the equivalent of \"endemism\".", "answer_start": 731}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917", "answer_start": 739}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917", "answer_start": 739}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "sed in botany by MacCaughey ", "answer_start": 746}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "and was first used in botany by MacCaughey in 1917. It is the equivalent of \"endemism\".", "answer_start": 731}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can something be indiginous but not endemic?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_start": 168}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "indigenous to a place are not endemic", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic", "answer_start": 168}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_start": 168}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would cause that?", "answers": [{"text": "They are also found elsewhere.", "answer_span": "organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.", "answer_start": 168}, {"text": "if the organisms are also found elsewhere.", "answer_span": " organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_span": "if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_span": "are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere", "answer_start": 209}], "orig_answer": {"text": "They are also found elsewhere.", "answer_span": "organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.", "answer_start": 168}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its opposite?", "answers": [{"text": "Cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_span": "The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "cosmopolitan distribution.", "answer_span": " The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution. ", "answer_start": 264}, {"text": "cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_span": "The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_span": "The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_span": "The extreme opposite of endemism is cosmopolitan distribution", "answer_start": 265}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the definition of endemism?", "answers": [{"text": "The ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_span": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type", "answer_span": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_span": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_span": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_span": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Give me one example of a geographic location in this sense.", "answers": [{"text": "An island", "answer_span": " to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation,", "answer_start": 58}, {"text": "an island", "answer_span": "Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "an island", "answer_span": "geographic location, such as an island", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "an island", "answer_span": "geographic location, such as an island", "answer_start": 72}], "orig_answer": {"text": "An island", "answer_span": " to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation,", "answer_start": 58}, "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ftop5warfo47s3oks4p7vkek7uj0q"}], "section_title": "Endemism", "background": "Endemism", "title": "Endemism"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York, located south of Westchester County. Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens. Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density. \n\nThe Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers. In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various European countries (particularly Ireland, Germany and Italy) and later from the Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic), as well as African American migrants from the American South. This cultural mix has made the Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop.", "qas": [{"question": "The Bronx NYC has how many counties?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": "five boroughs (counties) of New York City", "answer_start": 47}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "he Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "The Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs (counties) of New York City in the state of New York", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 47}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five boroughs (counties) of New York City", "answer_start": 47}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which one is the farthest north?", "answers": [{"text": "The Bronx", "answer_span": "The Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Bronx", "answer_span": "The Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Bronx", "answer_span": "The Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Bronx", "answer_span": "The Bronx", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Bronx", "answer_span": "The Bronx /\u02c8br\u0252\u014bks/ is the northernmost of the five boroughs", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Named after who?", "answers": [{"text": "Jonas Bronck", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "Jonas Bronck", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "Jonas Bronck", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "Jonas Bronck", "answer_span": "Jonas Bronck", "answer_start": 660}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jonas Bronck", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck", "answer_start": 635}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who founded?", "answers": [{"text": "the first settlement", "answer_span": "who created the first settlement ", "answer_start": 673}, {"text": "the New Netherland colony", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639.", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "The New Netherland colony", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639.", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "the first settlement", "answer_span": "the first settlement", "answer_start": 685}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the first settlement", "answer_span": "who created the first settlement ", "answer_start": 673}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was this settlement?", "answers": [{"text": "the New Netherland colony", "answer_span": " first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony", "answer_start": 688}, {"text": "part of the New Netherland colony", "answer_span": "Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. ", "answer_start": 660}, {"text": "New Netherland", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "New Netherland colony", "answer_span": " New Netherland colony", "answer_start": 720}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the New Netherland colony", "answer_span": " first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony", "answer_start": 688}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "1639", "answer_span": "New Netherland colony in 1639", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "in 1639", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639. ", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "1639", "answer_span": "The Bronx is named after Jonas Bronck who created the first settlement as part of the New Netherland colony in 1639", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "1639", "answer_span": "1639", "answer_start": 746}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1639", "answer_span": "New Netherland colony in 1639", "answer_start": 721}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they get along with the locals?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers.", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What occured to cause this?", "answers": [{"text": "The native Lenape were displaced", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "They were displaced by settlers", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "The native Lenape were displaced", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced", "answer_start": 752}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The native Lenape were displaced", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year did this occur?", "answers": [{"text": "after 1643", "answer_span": "displaced after 1643", "answer_start": 775}, {"text": "after 1643", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers.", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "1643", "answer_span": "The native Lenape were displaced after 1643 by settlers", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "1643", "answer_span": "1643", "answer_start": 791}], "orig_answer": {"text": "after 1643", "answer_span": "displaced after 1643", "answer_start": 775}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many boroughs are mainlands?", "answers": [{"text": "one", "answer_span": "he Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland", "answer_start": 390}, {"text": "One", "answer_span": "Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland ", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "One", "answer_span": "Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": " one", "answer_start": 410}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one", "answer_span": "he Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland", "answer_start": 390}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many miles does it include?", "answers": [{"text": "42 square miles", "answer_span": "land area of 42 square miles ", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "42 square miles", "answer_span": "the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles ", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "42 square miles", "answer_span": "Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "42 square miles", "answer_span": "42 square miles", "answer_start": 461}], "orig_answer": {"text": "42 square miles", "answer_span": "land area of 42 square miles ", "answer_start": 448}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the last census taken?", "answers": [{"text": "2014", "answer_span": "population of 1,438,159 in 2014", "answer_start": 493}, {"text": "2014", "answer_span": " and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014", "answer_start": 486}, {"text": "2014", "answer_span": "Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "2014", "answer_span": "2014", "answer_start": 520}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2014", "answer_span": "population of 1,438,159 in 2014", "answer_start": 493}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the stated population?", "answers": [{"text": "1,438,159", "answer_span": "a population of 1,438,159 ", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "1,438,159", "answer_span": "and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014", "answer_start": 487}, {"text": "1,438,159", "answer_span": "a population of 1,438,159 in 2014", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "1,438,159", "answer_span": "1,438,159", "answer_start": 507}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1,438,159", "answer_span": "a population of 1,438,159 ", "answer_start": 491}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is that the highest population among the boroughs?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " the fourth highest population", "answer_start": 559}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population,", "answer_start": 487}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "ourth highest population", "answer_start": 565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " the fourth highest population", "answer_start": 559}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What rank is it?", "answers": [{"text": "the fourth highest", "answer_span": "the fourth highest population", "answer_start": 560}, {"text": "the fourth highest", "answer_span": " the fourth highest population", "answer_start": 559}, {"text": "Fourth", "answer_span": "Of the five boroughs, the Bronx is the only one on the U.S. mainland and, with a land area of 42 square miles (109 km2) and a population of 1,438,159 in 2014, has the fourth largest land area, the fourth highest population, and the third-highest population density", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "fourth", "answer_span": "fourth", "answer_start": 564}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the fourth highest", "answer_span": "the fourth highest population", "answer_start": 560}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of music is common?", "answers": [{"text": "Latin music", "answer_span": "Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music", "answer_start": 1202}, {"text": "Latin music and hip hop.", "answer_span": "Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop.", "answer_start": 1202}, {"text": "Latin music and hip hop.", "answer_span": "This cultural mix has made the Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop.", "answer_start": 1171}, {"text": "Latin and hip hop", "answer_span": "Latin", "answer_start": 1229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Latin music", "answer_span": "Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music", "answer_start": 1202}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any other music choices?", "answers": [{"text": "hip hop", "answer_span": "Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop", "answer_start": 1202}, {"text": "and hip hop", "answer_span": " both Latin music and hip hop.", "answer_start": 1223}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "This cultural mix has made the Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop.", "answer_start": 1171}, {"text": "hip hop", "answer_span": "hip hop", "answer_start": 1245}], "orig_answer": {"text": "hip hop", "answer_span": "Bronx a wellspring of both Latin music and hip hop", "answer_start": 1202}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What countries did these immigrants come from?", "answers": [{"text": "Ireland, Germany Italy, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic", "answer_span": " European countries (particularly Ireland, Germany and Italy) and later from the Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic), ", "answer_start": 947}, {"text": "Caribbean and African American", "answer_span": "Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic), as well as African American migrants from the American South. ", "answer_start": 1028}, {"text": "Ireland, Germany and Italy", "answer_span": " the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community, first from various European countries (particularly Ireland, Germany and Italy) and later from the Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic), as well as African American migrants from the American South", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "Ireland, Germany and Italy", "answer_span": " Ireland, Germany and Italy", "answer_start": 980}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ireland, Germany Italy, Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic", "answer_span": " European countries (particularly Ireland, Germany and Italy) and later from the Caribbean region (particularly Puerto Rico, Jamaica and the Dominican Republic), ", "answer_start": 947}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the immigration occur?", "answers": [{"text": "In the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": "In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups", "answer_start": 809}, {"text": "In the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": " In the 19th and 20th centuries,", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "In the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": "In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups as it was transformed into an urban community", "answer_start": 809}, {"text": "19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": "19th and 20th centuries", "answer_start": 816}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In the 19th and 20th centuries", "answer_span": "In the 19th and 20th centuries, the Bronx received many immigrant groups", "answer_start": 809}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What rivers do the bridges cover?", "answers": [{"text": "Harlem River,and the East River", "answer_span": "bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens. ", "answer_start": 157}, {"text": "Harlem River and East River", "answer_span": "Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "Harlem River and the East River", "answer_span": "Many bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens.", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "Harlem River and the East River.", "answer_span": " Harlem River", "answer_start": 268}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Harlem River,and the East River", "answer_span": "bridges and tunnels link the Bronx to the island and borough of Manhattan to the west over and under the narrow Harlem River, as well as three longer bridges south over the East River to the borough of Queens. ", "answer_start": 157}, "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "36wlnqg78zaxgzk647qnuw356sfbeh"}], "section_title": "The Bronx", "background": "The Bronx", "title": "The Bronx"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A One Day International (ODI) is a form of limited overs cricket, played between two teams with international status, in which each team faces a fixed number of overs, usually 50. The Cricket World Cup is played in this format. One Day International matches are also called Limited Overs Internationals (LOI), although this generic term may also refer to Twenty20 International matches. They are major matches and considered the highest standard of List A, limited overs competition. \n\nThe international one-day game is a late twentieth-century development. The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground. When the first three days of the third Test were washed out officials decided to abandon the match and, instead, play a one-off one day game consisting of 40 eight-ball overs per side. Australia won the game by 5 wickets. ODIs were played in white kits with a red ball. \n\nIn the late 1970s, Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket competition, and it introduced many of the features of One Day International cricket that are now commonplace, including coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights with a white ball and dark sight screens, and, for television broadcasts, multiple camera angles, effects microphones to capture sounds from the players on the pitch, and on-screen graphics. The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink, played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979. This led not only to Kerry Packer's Channel 9 getting the TV rights to cricket in Australia but also led to players worldwide being paid to play, and becoming international professionals, no longer needing jobs outside cricket. Matches played with coloured kits and a white ball became more commonplace over time, and the use of white flannels and a red ball in ODIs was finally abandoned in 2001.", "qas": [{"question": "One Day International How long is an ODI?", "answers": [{"text": "One Day", "answer_span": "One Day", "answer_start": 2}, {"text": "one day", "answer_span": "The international one-day ", "answer_start": 486}, {"text": "one-day", "answer_span": "one-day", "answer_start": 504}, {"text": "One Day", "answer_span": "A One Day International (ODI) ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "One Day", "answer_span": "One Day", "answer_start": 2}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does ODI stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "One Day International", "answer_span": "One Day International", "answer_start": 2}, {"text": "One Day International", "answer_span": "One Day International (ODI)", "answer_start": 2}, {"text": "One Day International", "answer_span": "One Day International", "answer_start": 2}, {"text": "One Day International", "answer_span": "A One Day International (ODI)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "One Day International", "answer_span": "One Day International", "answer_start": 2}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they also called?", "answers": [{"text": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_span": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_start": 274}, {"text": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_span": " One Day International matches are also called Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_span": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_start": 274}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_span": "Limited Overs Internationals", "answer_start": 274}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that also refer to?", "answers": [{"text": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_span": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_start": 355}, {"text": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_span": "although this generic term may also refer to Twenty20 International matches. ", "answer_start": 310}, {"text": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_span": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_start": 355}, {"text": "One Day International matches", "answer_span": " One Day International matches are also called Limited Overs Internationals (LOI)", "answer_start": 227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_span": "Twenty20 International matches", "answer_start": 355}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is played in this format?", "answers": [{"text": "Cricket World Cup", "answer_span": "Cricket World Cup", "answer_start": 184}, {"text": "major matches", "answer_span": "They are major matches ", "answer_start": 387}, {"text": "limited overs cricket", "answer_span": " limited overs cricket", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "The Cricket World Cup i", "answer_span": "The Cricket World Cup is played in this format. ", "answer_start": 180}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cricket World Cup", "answer_span": "Cricket World Cup", "answer_start": 184}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the ODI developed?", "answers": [{"text": "late twentieth-century", "answer_span": "late twentieth-century", "answer_start": 522}, {"text": "the late twentieth-century", "answer_span": "The international one-day game is a late twentieth-century development. ", "answer_start": 486}, {"text": "late twentieth-century", "answer_span": "late twentieth-century", "answer_start": 522}, {"text": "the late twentieth-century", "answer_span": "The international one-day game is a late twentieth-century development", "answer_start": 486}], "orig_answer": {"text": "late twentieth-century", "answer_span": "late twentieth-century", "answer_start": 522}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the first time it was played", "answers": [{"text": "5 January 1971", "answer_span": "5 January 1971", "answer_start": 586}, {"text": "on 5 January 1971", "answer_span": "The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "1971", "answer_span": "1971", "answer_start": 596}, {"text": "5 January 1971", "answer_span": "The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971", "answer_start": 558}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5 January 1971", "answer_span": "5 January 1971", "answer_start": 586}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_span": "Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_start": 638}, {"text": "at the Melbourne Cricket Ground", "answer_span": "The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "the Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_span": " the Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "at the Melbourne Cricket Ground", "answer_span": "5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground", "answer_start": 586}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_span": "Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_start": 638}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was France one of the countries that played?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Australia and England", "answer_start": 609}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_start": 557}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " Australia and England", "answer_start": 608}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Groun", "answer_start": 586}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Australia and England", "answer_start": 609}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who played?", "answers": [{"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia", "answer_start": 609}, {"text": "Australia and England", "answer_span": "The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England ", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia", "answer_start": 609}, {"text": "Australia and England", "answer_span": "5 January 1971 between Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground", "answer_start": 586}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia", "answer_start": 609}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who won?", "answers": [{"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia", "answer_start": 849}, {"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia won the game", "answer_start": 849}, {"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia", "answer_start": 849}, {"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia won the game by 5 wickets. ODIs", "answer_start": 849}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Australia", "answer_span": "Australia", "answer_start": 849}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who else played?", "answers": [{"text": "England", "answer_span": "England ", "answer_start": 623}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "The first ODI was played on 5 January 1971 between Australia and England", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 623}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": " Australia and England at the Melbourne Cricket Ground.", "answer_start": 608}], "orig_answer": {"text": "England", "answer_span": "England ", "answer_start": 623}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By how much did Australia win?", "answers": [{"text": "5 wickets", "answer_span": "5 wickets", "answer_start": 875}, {"text": "by 5 wickets", "answer_span": "Australia won the game by 5 wickets", "answer_start": 849}, {"text": "5 wickets", "answer_span": "5 wickets", "answer_start": 875}, {"text": "by 5 wickets.", "answer_span": " Australia won the game by 5 wickets. ", "answer_start": 848}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5 wickets", "answer_span": "5 wickets", "answer_start": 875}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are ODI played with?", "answers": [{"text": "white kits with a red ball.", "answer_span": "white kits with a red ball.", "answer_start": 906}, {"text": "a red ball", "answer_span": " ODIs were played in white kits with a red ball. ", "answer_start": 885}, {"text": "a red ball", "answer_span": "a red ball", "answer_start": 922}, {"text": "in white kits with a red ball", "answer_span": ". ODIs were played in white kits with a red ball. ", "answer_start": 884}], "orig_answer": {"text": "white kits with a red ball.", "answer_span": "white kits with a red ball.", "answer_start": 906}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Kerry Packer establish?", "answers": [{"text": "rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_span": " rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_start": 983}, {"text": "the rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_span": "In the late 1970s, Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket competition,", "answer_start": 936}, {"text": "the rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_span": "the rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_start": 980}, {"text": "the rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_span": " Kerry Packer established the rival World Series Cricket competition,", "answer_start": 954}], "orig_answer": {"text": "rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_span": " rival World Series Cricket competition", "answer_start": 983}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it introduce?", "answers": [{"text": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_span": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_span": " the rival World Series Cricket competition, and it introduced many of the features of One Day International cricket that are now commonplace", "answer_start": 979}, {"text": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_span": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "many of the features of One Day International cricket that are now commonplace", "answer_span": "and it introduced many of the features of One Day International cricket that are now commonplace", "answer_start": 1024}], "orig_answer": {"text": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_span": "many of the features of One Day International cricket", "answer_start": 1042}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What became more commonplace over time?", "answers": [{"text": "coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights", "answer_span": " coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights", "answer_start": 1131}, {"text": "Matches played with coloured kits and a white ball", "answer_span": " Matches played with coloured kits and a white ball became more commonplace over time,", "answer_start": 1789}, {"text": "coloured uniforms", "answer_span": "coloured uniforms", "answer_start": 1132}, {"text": "uniforms, matches played at night, tv broadcasts", "answer_span": "including coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights with a white ball and dark sight screens, and, for television broadcasts, ", "answer_start": 1122}], "orig_answer": {"text": "coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights", "answer_span": " coloured uniforms, matches played at night under floodlights", "answer_start": 1131}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What led to Kerry getting TV rights?", "answers": [{"text": "The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold", "answer_span": "The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold", "answer_start": 1384}, {"text": "the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral", "answer_span": " the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink, played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979. This led not only to Kerry Packer's Channel 9 getting the TV rights to cricket", "answer_start": 1435}, {"text": "the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink", "answer_span": "the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink", "answer_start": 1436}, {"text": "The first of the matches with coloured uniforms", "answer_span": "The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink, played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979. ", "answer_start": 1384}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold", "answer_span": "The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold", "answer_start": 1384}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else did it lead to?", "answers": [{"text": "players worldwide being paid to play", "answer_span": " players worldwide being paid to play", "answer_start": 1669}, {"text": "to players worldwide being paid to play, and becoming international professionals", "answer_span": " The first of the matches with coloured uniforms was the WSC Australians in wattle gold versus WSC West Indians in coral pink, played at VFL Park in Melbourne on 17 January 1979. This led not only to Kerry Packer's Channel 9 getting the TV rights to cricket in Australia but also led to players worldwide being paid to play, and becoming international professionals,", "answer_start": 1383}, {"text": "players worldwide being paid", "answer_span": "players worldwide being paid", "answer_start": 1670}, {"text": "it led to players worldwide being paid to play", "answer_span": "Australia but also led to players worldwide being paid to play,", "answer_start": 1644}], "orig_answer": {"text": "players worldwide being paid to play", "answer_span": " players worldwide being paid to play", "answer_start": 1669}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When were the red balls abandoned?", "answers": [{"text": "2001", "answer_span": "2001", "answer_start": 1954}, {"text": "in 2001", "answer_span": " the use of white flannels and a red ball in ODIs was finally abandoned in 2001.", "answer_start": 1879}, {"text": "2001", "answer_span": "2001", "answer_start": 1954}, {"text": "2001", "answer_span": "white flannels and a red ball in ODIs was finally abandoned in 2001.", "answer_start": 1891}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2001", "answer_span": "2001", "answer_start": 1954}, "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3nql1cs15r8aviz39pth2bpsr4zvy1"}], "section_title": "One Day International", "background": "One Day International", "title": "One Day International"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Six-Day War (Hebrew: , \"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"; Arabic: , \"an-Naksah\", \"The Setback\" or , \"\u1e24arb 1967\", \"War of 1967\"), also known as the June War, 1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War, or Third Arab\u2013Israeli War, was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria. \n\nRelations between Israel and its neighbours had never fully normalised following the 1948 Arab\u2013Israeli War. In 1956 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai, with one of its objectives being the reopening of the Straits of Tiran which Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 1950. Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw, but won a guarantee that the Straits of Tiran would remain open. Whilst the United Nations Emergency Force was deployed along the border, there was no demilitarisation agreement. \n\nIn the period leading up to June 1967, tensions became dangerously heightened. Israel reiterated its post-1956 position that the closure of the straits of Tiran to its shipping would be a \"casus belli\" and in late May Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels. Egypt then mobilised its forces along its border with Israel, and on 5 June Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields. Claims and counterclaims relating to this series of events are one of a number of controversies relating to the conflict.", "qas": [{"question": "Six-Day War When was the Six-Day War fought?", "answers": [{"text": "June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_span": "was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_start": 205}, {"text": "June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_span": "June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_start": 224}, {"text": "Between June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_span": "was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_start": 205}, {"text": "1967", "answer_span": "1967", "answer_start": 239}], "orig_answer": {"text": "June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_span": "was fought between June 5 and 10, 1967", "answer_start": 205}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called in Hebrew?", "answers": [{"text": "Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim", "answer_span": "(Hebrew: , \"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"", "answer_start": 16}, {"text": "Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim", "answer_span": "Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "\"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"", "answer_span": "Hebrew: , \"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "\"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"", "answer_span": " \"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"", "answer_start": 26}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim", "answer_span": "(Hebrew: , \"Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim\"", "answer_start": 16}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Isreal invade the Sinai?", "answers": [{"text": "1956", "answer_span": "In 1956 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai", "answer_start": 468}, {"text": "1956", "answer_span": "1956", "answer_start": 471}, {"text": "In 1956", "answer_span": "In 1956 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai", "answer_start": 468}, {"text": "1956", "answer_span": "1956", "answer_start": 471}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1956", "answer_span": "In 1956 Israel invaded the Egyptian Sinai", "answer_start": 468}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What had been done to the Straits?", "answers": [{"text": "Egypt had blocked them to Israeli shipping", "answer_span": " the Straits of Tiran which Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 1950", "answer_start": 560}, {"text": "Egypt had blocked it", "answer_span": "Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping", "answer_start": 588}, {"text": "Egypt had blocked it to Israeli shipping", "answer_span": "Straits of Tiran which Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 195", "answer_start": 565}, {"text": "closed", "answer_span": " closure", "answer_start": 991}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Egypt had blocked them to Israeli shipping", "answer_span": " the Straits of Tiran which Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 1950", "answer_start": 560}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "since 1950", "answer_span": "Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 1950", "answer_start": 588}, {"text": "1950", "answer_span": "1950", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "since 1950", "answer_span": "since 1950", "answer_start": 626}, {"text": "1950", "answer_span": "1950", "answer_start": 632}], "orig_answer": {"text": "since 1950", "answer_span": "Egypt had blocked to Israeli shipping since 1950", "answer_start": 588}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Israel was unable to reopen the Straits.", "answers": [{"text": "false", "answer_span": " Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw, but won a guarantee that the Straits of Tiran would remain open", "answer_start": 637}, {"text": "False", "answer_span": " but won a guarantee that the Straits of Tiran would remain open. ", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "False", "answer_span": " Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw, but won a guarantee that the Straits of Tiran would remain open", "answer_start": 637}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": " Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw, but won a guarantee that the Straits of Tiran would remain open.", "answer_start": 637}], "orig_answer": {"text": "false", "answer_span": " Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw, but won a guarantee that the Straits of Tiran would remain open", "answer_start": 637}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Israel have to retreat?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw", "answer_start": 637}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "forced to withdraw,", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw", "answer_start": 638}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw", "answer_start": 638}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Israel was subsequently forced to withdraw", "answer_start": 637}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one name for the war in Arabic?", "answers": [{"text": "an-Naksah", "answer_span": " Arabic: , \"an-Naksah\"", "answer_start": 55}, {"text": "an-Naksah", "answer_span": "an-Naksah", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "\"an-Naksah\"", "answer_span": "Arabic: , \"an-Naksah\"", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "an-Naksah", "answer_span": "an-Naksah", "answer_start": 67}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an-Naksah", "answer_span": " Arabic: , \"an-Naksah\"", "answer_start": 55}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that mean in English?", "answers": [{"text": "The Setback", "answer_span": "\"an-Naksah\", \"The Setback\"", "answer_start": 66}, {"text": "The Setback", "answer_span": "The Setback", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "The Setback", "answer_span": "\"The Setback\"", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "The Setback", "answer_span": "The Setback", "answer_start": 80}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Setback", "answer_span": "\"an-Naksah\", \"The Setback\"", "answer_start": 66}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another title for the war in general?", "answers": [{"text": "the June War", "answer_span": "also known as the June War", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "June War", "answer_span": "June War", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "War of 1967", "answer_span": "War of 1967", "answer_start": 112}, {"text": "the June War", "answer_span": " the June War", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the June War", "answer_span": "also known as the June War", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War, or Third Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_span": "also known as the June War, 1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War, or Third Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_span": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_span": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_span": " 1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_start": 154}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War, or Third Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_span": "also known as the June War, 1967 Arab\u2013Israeli War, or Third Arab\u2013Israeli War", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was Syria involved in the conflict?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria", "answer_start": 244}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Syria", "answer_start": 351}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria", "answer_start": 253}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria. ", "answer_start": 247}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria", "answer_start": 244}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about Iran?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria", "answer_start": 257}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Jordan, and Syria", "answer_start": 339}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria.", "answer_start": 244}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria.", "answer_start": 246}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria", "answer_start": 257}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened on the fifth of June?", "answers": [{"text": "Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields", "answer_span": "5 June Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields", "answer_start": 1215}, {"text": "Israel launched  a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields.", "answer_span": " Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields.", "answer_start": 1221}, {"text": "Israel launched airstrikes", "answer_span": "and on 5 June Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields", "answer_start": 1208}, {"text": "preemptive airstrikes", "answer_span": "preemptive airstrikes", "answer_start": 1271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields", "answer_span": "5 June Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields", "answer_start": 1215}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did everyone believe they were preemptive?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Claims and counterclaims relating to this series of events are one of a number of controversies", "answer_start": 1321}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Claims and counterclaims relating to this series of events are one of a number of controversies relating to the conflict.", "answer_start": 1321}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Israel launched what it claimed were a series of preemptive airstrikes against Egyptian airfields. Claims and counterclaims relating to this series of events are one of a number of controversies relating to the conflict.", "answer_start": 1221}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Claims and counterclaims relating to this series of events are one of a number of controversies", "answer_start": 1321}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Israel considered the re-closure of the Straits as cause for war.", "answers": [{"text": "true", "answer_span": "the closure of the straits of Tiran to its shipping would be a \"casus belli\"", "answer_start": 988}, {"text": "True", "answer_span": "Israel reiterated its post-1956 position that the closure of the straits of Tiran to its shipping would be a \"casus belli\" and in late May Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels. ", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "True", "answer_span": "Israel reiterated its post-1956 position that the closure of the straits of Tiran to its shipping would be a \"casus belli\"", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Israel reiterated its post-1956 position that the closure of the straits of Tiran to its shipping would be a \"casus belli\" and in late May Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels. ", "answer_start": 941}], "orig_answer": {"text": "true", "answer_span": "the closure of the straits of Tiran to its shipping would be a \"casus belli\"", "answer_start": 988}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Egypt close them anyway?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "late May Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1072}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "in late May Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1069}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " in late May Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1068}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1081}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who announced that this was so?", "answers": [{"text": "Nasser", "answer_span": "Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "Nasser", "answer_span": "Nasser", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "Nasser", "answer_span": "Nasser announced", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "May Nasser", "answer_span": "May Nasser", "answer_start": 1077}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Nasser", "answer_span": "Nasser announced the straits would be closed to Israeli vessels", "answer_start": 1081}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "in late May", "answer_span": "in late May Nasser announced", "answer_start": 1069}, {"text": "late May", "answer_span": " late May", "answer_start": 1071}, {"text": "Late May", "answer_span": "late May", "answer_start": 1072}, {"text": "late May", "answer_span": " late May ", "answer_start": 1071}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in late May", "answer_span": "in late May Nasser announced", "answer_start": 1069}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did animosity run high?", "answers": [{"text": "the period leading up to June 1967", "answer_span": "In the period leading up to June 1967, tensions became dangerously heightened.", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "In the period leading up to June 1967", "answer_span": "In the period leading up to June 1967", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "In the period leading up to June 1967", "answer_span": "In the period leading up to June 1967, tensions became dangerously heightened", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "June 1967", "answer_span": "June 1967", "answer_start": 891}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the period leading up to June 1967", "answer_span": "In the period leading up to June 1967, tensions became dangerously heightened.", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "36v4q8r5zk0iwte84nbw2t3d14jmqp"}], "section_title": "Six-Day War", "background": "Six-Day War", "title": "Six-Day War"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies. The process and ceremonies of ordination vary by religion and denomination. One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand. The liturgy used at an ordination is sometimes referred to as an ordination. \n\nThe tradition of the ordained monastic community (\"sangha\") began with the Buddha, who established orders of monks and later of nuns. The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is laid down in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures. There exist three intact ordination lineages nowadays in which one can receive an ordination according to the Buddha's teachings: \n\nSaicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform. Permission was granted in 822 CE, seven days after Saicho died. The platform was finished in 827 CE at Enryaku-ji temple on Mount Hiei, and was the first in Japan. Prior to this, those wishing to become monks/nuns were ordained using the Hinayana precepts, whereas after the Mahayana ordination platform, people were ordained with the Bodhisattva precepts as listed in the Brahma Net Sutra.", "qas": [{"question": "Ordination What is the article about?", "answers": [{"text": "Ordination", "answer_span": "Ordination", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ordination", "answer_span": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ordination", "answer_span": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ordination", "answer_span": "Ordination", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ordination", "answer_span": "Ordination", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the meaning of it?", "answers": [{"text": "process by which individuals are consecrated", "answer_span": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "he process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies", "answer_span": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated, that is, set apart as clergy to perform various religious rites and ceremonies.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the process by which individuals are consecrated", "answer_span": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "individuals are consecrated", "answer_span": "individuals are consecrated", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "process by which individuals are consecrated", "answer_span": "Ordination is the process by which individuals are consecrated", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did it begin with?", "answers": [{"text": "Buddha", "answer_span": "The tradition of the ordained monastic community (\"sangha\") began with the Buddha", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "the Buddha", "answer_span": "The tradition of the ordained monastic community (\"sangha\") began with the Buddha, ", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "the Buddha", "answer_span": "The tradition of the ordained monastic community (\"sangha\") began with the Buddha", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "Buddha", "answer_span": "Buddha", "answer_start": 485}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Buddha", "answer_span": "The tradition of the ordained monastic community (\"sangha\") began with the Buddha", "answer_start": 410}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else is Buddha responsible for?", "answers": [{"text": "established orders of monks", "answer_span": "Buddha, who established orders of monks", "answer_start": 485}, {"text": "establighing orders of monks and later of nuns", "answer_span": "Buddha, who established orders of monks and later of nuns.", "answer_start": 485}, {"text": "establishing orders of monks and later of nuns", "answer_span": "the Buddha, who established orders of monks and later of nuns", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "established orders of monks and later of nuns", "answer_span": "established orders of monks and later of nuns", "answer_start": 497}], "orig_answer": {"text": "established orders of monks", "answer_span": "Buddha, who established orders of monks", "answer_start": 485}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where can you find the procedure outlinw?", "answers": [{"text": "Pratimoksha scriptures", "answer_span": " The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is laid down in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures.", "answer_start": 543}, {"text": "in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures", "answer_span": " The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is laid down in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures.", "answer_start": 543}, {"text": "in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures", "answer_span": "The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is laid down in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures", "answer_start": 544}, {"text": "Brahma Net Sutra", "answer_span": "Brahma Net Sutra", "answer_start": 1273}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pratimoksha scriptures", "answer_span": " The procedure of ordination in Buddhism is laid down in the Vinaya and Patimokkha or Pratimoksha scriptures.", "answer_start": 543}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many lineages are there?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "There exist three intact ordination lineages nowadays ", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": " There exist three intact ordination lineages nowadays", "answer_start": 652}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "There exist three intact ordination lineages", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "three", "answer_start": 665}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "There exist three intact ordination lineages nowadays ", "answer_start": 653}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one called that is pursuing the certification?", "answers": [{"text": "ordinand", "answer_span": "One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand.", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "ordinand", "answer_span": "One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand.", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "an ordinand", "answer_span": "One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "ordinand", "answer_span": "ordinand", "answer_start": 321}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ordinand", "answer_span": "One who is in preparation for, or who is undergoing the process of ordination is sometimes called an ordinand.", "answer_start": 220}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who requested of the ordination platform for Japan?", "answers": [{"text": "Saicho", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government ", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "Saicho", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform.", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "Saicho", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "Saicho", "answer_span": "Saicho", "answer_start": 785}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saicho", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government ", "answer_start": 785}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of platform was requested?", "answers": [{"text": "Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "a Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform.", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "a Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_span": "allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_start": 842}, {"text": "Mahayana", "answer_span": "Mahayana", "answer_start": 870}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_span": "Saicho repeatedly requested that the Japanese government allow the construction of a Mahayana ordination platform", "answer_start": 785}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it granted?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Permission was granted ", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Permission was granted in 822 CE, ", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Permission was granted in 822 CE", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "was granted in 822 CE", "answer_start": 911}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Permission was granted ", "answer_start": 900}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "822 CE", "answer_span": "Permission was granted in 822 CE", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "822 CE", "answer_span": " Permission was granted in 822 CE", "answer_start": 899}, {"text": "822 CE", "answer_span": "Permission was granted in 822 CE", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "822 CE", "answer_span": "822 CE", "answer_start": 926}], "orig_answer": {"text": "822 CE", "answer_span": "Permission was granted in 822 CE", "answer_start": 900}, "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3634bbtx0ouz9ly85s2ay1sidrifiw"}], "section_title": "Ordination", "background": "Ordination", "title": "Ordination"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the state was \"Deutsches Reich\"; it had remained unchanged since 1871. In English the country was usually known simply as Germany. A national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919. In its fourteen years, the Weimar Republic faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremism (with paramilitaries \u2013 both left- and right-wing), as well as contentious relationships with the victors of the First World War. The people of Germany blamed the Weimar Republic rather than their wartime leaders for the country's defeat and for the humiliating terms of the Treaty of Versailles. Weimar Germany fulfilled most of the requirements of the Treaty of Versailles although it never completely met its disarmament requirements, and eventually paid only a small portion of the war reparations (by twice restructuring its debt through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan). Under the Locarno Treaties, Germany accepted the western borders of the republic, but continued to dispute the Eastern border.", "qas": [{"question": "Weimar Republic What was an unofficial designation", "answers": [{"text": "the Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For what?", "answers": [{"text": "the German state", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the German state", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the German state", "answer_span": "the German state", "answer_start": 62}, {"text": "the German state", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the German state", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During what year?", "answers": [{"text": "between 1919 and 1933", "answer_span": "historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "Between 1919 and 1933", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "between 1919 and 1933", "answer_span": "between 1919 and 1933", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "between 1919 and 1933", "answer_span": "Weimar Republic was an unofficial, historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "between 1919 and 1933", "answer_span": "historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933", "answer_start": 35}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was Weimar a city?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "he name derives from the city of Weimar", "answer_start": 103}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The name derives from the city of Weimar,", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The official name of the state ", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The name derives from the city of Weimar", "answer_start": 101}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "he name derives from the city of Weimar", "answer_start": 103}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What took place there?", "answers": [{"text": "its constitutional assembly", "answer_span": " Weimar, where its constitutional assembly", "answer_start": 135}, {"text": "its constitutional assembly", "answer_span": " The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. ", "answer_start": 101}, {"text": "its constitutional assembly", "answer_span": " its constitutional assembly", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "its constitutional assembly", "answer_span": "The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place.", "answer_start": 102}], "orig_answer": {"text": "its constitutional assembly", "answer_span": " Weimar, where its constitutional assembly", "answer_start": 135}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the official name?", "answers": [{"text": "Deutsches Reich", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was \"Deutsches Reich", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "\"Deutsches Reich\"", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was \"Deutsches Reich\";", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "Deutsches Reich", "answer_span": "Deutsches Reich", "answer_start": 232}, {"text": "\"Deutsches Reich\"", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was \"Deutsches Reich\";", "answer_start": 196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Deutsches Reich", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was \"Deutsches Reich", "answer_start": 196}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did that begin?", "answers": [{"text": "1871", "answer_span": "\"Deutsches Reich\"; it had remained unchanged since 1871", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "August 11 1919", "answer_span": "A national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919.", "answer_start": 348}, {"text": "1871", "answer_span": "1871", "answer_start": 282}, {"text": "1871", "answer_span": " it had remained unchanged since 1871", "answer_start": 249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1871", "answer_span": "\"Deutsches Reich\"; it had remained unchanged since 1871", "answer_start": 231}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was adopted in 1919", "answers": [{"text": "a new constitution", "answer_span": "new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919.", "answer_start": 400}, {"text": "A new constitution", "answer_span": " where a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919.", "answer_start": 391}, {"text": "a new constitution", "answer_span": "a new constitution", "answer_start": 398}, {"text": "a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\"", "answer_span": "A national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919", "answer_start": 348}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a new constitution", "answer_span": "new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919.", "answer_start": 400}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What month?", "answers": [{"text": "August", "answer_span": "adopted on 11 August", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "August", "answer_span": "Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919.", "answer_start": 426}, {"text": "August", "answer_span": "August", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "August", "answer_span": " a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919", "answer_start": 397}], "orig_answer": {"text": "August", "answer_span": "adopted on 11 August", "answer_start": 460}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What day?", "answers": [{"text": "the 11th", "answer_span": "adopted on 11 Augus", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "11th", "answer_span": " where a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919.", "answer_start": 391}, {"text": "11", "answer_span": " 11", "answer_start": 470}, {"text": "August 11", "answer_span": "a new constitution for the \"Deutsches Reich\" was written, and adopted on 11 August", "answer_start": 398}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 11th", "answer_span": "adopted on 11 Augus", "answer_start": 460}, "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "36dsne9qz5ypa9v7md60xwgwi91oja"}], "section_title": "Weimar Republic", "background": "Weimar Republic", "title": "Weimar Republic"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Arena Football League (AFL) is the highest level of professional indoor American football in the United States. It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster, making it the third longest-running professional football league in North America, after the Canadian Football League and the National Football League. It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game. The sport was invented in the early 1980s and patented by Foster, a former executive of the United States Football League and the National Football League. \n\nFor its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams, all from the United States; however, upon the completion of the regular season, the league announced that the two teams it had assumed operation of during the season would cease all operations effective immediately; a regular season game slated between the two had previously been canceled and declared a tie. Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL. The AFL is divided into two conferences \u2013 the American Conference and National Conference. Starting 2016, each conference will have only four teams as the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "qas": [{"question": "Arena Football League What AFL stands for?", "answers": [{"text": "Arena Football League", "answer_span": "The Arena Football League", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Arena Football League", "answer_span": "The Arena Football League (AFL)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Arena Football League", "answer_span": " Arena Football League (", "answer_start": 3}, {"text": "The Arena Football League", "answer_span": "The Arena Football League (AFL)", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Arena Football League", "answer_span": "The Arena Football League", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it played outside?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "rofessional indoor American football in t", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "n", "answer_span": "The Arena Football League (AFL) is the highest level of professional indoor American football in the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "professional indoor American football", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The Arena Football League (AFL) is the highest level of professional indoor American football ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "rofessional indoor American football in t", "answer_start": 57}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1987", "answer_span": " It was founded in 1987", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "1987", "answer_span": " It was founded in 1987 ", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "1987", "answer_span": " 1987", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "1987", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1987 ", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1987", "answer_span": " It was founded in 1987", "answer_start": 115}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Jim Foster", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster", "answer_start": 116}, {"text": "Jim Foster,", "answer_span": " It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster,", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "Jim Foster", "answer_span": "Jim Foster", "answer_start": 142}, {"text": "Jim Foster", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jim Foster", "answer_span": "It was founded in 1987 by Jim Foster", "answer_start": 116}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is it ranked by longest-running?", "answers": [{"text": "third", "answer_span": "making it the third longest-runn", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": "making it the third longest-running professional football league in North America,", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": " third", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "third longest-running", "answer_span": " third longest-running professional football league in North America", "answer_start": 167}], "orig_answer": {"text": "third", "answer_span": "making it the third longest-runn", "answer_start": 154}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How big is the field?", "answers": [{"text": "68-yards", "answer_span": " 68-yard field ", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "68-yards", "answer_span": ". It is played indoors on a 68-yard field ", "answer_start": 304}, {"text": "68-yard", "answer_span": " 68-yard", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "68-yards", "answer_span": "It is played indoors on a 68-yard field ", "answer_start": 306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "68-yards", "answer_span": " 68-yard field ", "answer_start": 331}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How it compares with NFL field?", "answers": [{"text": "about half the distance of an NFL field", "answer_span": "about half the distance of an NFL field", "answer_start": 347}, {"text": "t half the distance", "answer_span": "d (about half the distance of an NFL field), ", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "faster-paced and higher-scoring", "answer_span": " faster-paced and higher-scoring", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "about half the distance", "answer_span": "It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field)", "answer_start": 306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about half the distance of an NFL field", "answer_span": "about half the distance of an NFL field", "answer_start": 347}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there any other differences?", "answers": [{"text": "faster-paced", "answer_span": "a faster-paced and higher-scoring game", "answer_start": 402}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game.", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "faster-paced and higher-scoring", "answer_span": "faster-paced and higher-scoring ", "answer_start": 404}, {"text": "a faster-paced and higher-scoring game", "answer_span": "It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game.", "answer_start": 306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "faster-paced", "answer_span": "a faster-paced and higher-scoring game", "answer_start": 402}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any other?", "answers": [{"text": "higher-scoring", "answer_span": "higher-scoring", "answer_start": 421}, {"text": "higher-scoring", "answer_span": " resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game.", "answer_start": 388}, {"text": "higher-scoring", "answer_span": " higher-scoring", "answer_start": 420}, {"text": "higher-scoring game", "answer_span": "It is played indoors on a 68-yard field (about half the distance of an NFL field), resulting in a faster-paced and higher-scoring game.", "answer_start": 306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "higher-scoring", "answer_span": "higher-scoring", "answer_start": 421}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In recent year how teams were there?", "answers": [{"text": "12", "answer_span": "the league consisted of 12 teams", "answer_start": 621}, {"text": "12", "answer_span": "For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams,", "answer_start": 600}, {"text": "12 teams", "answer_span": " 12 teams", "answer_start": 644}, {"text": "12", "answer_span": "For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams", "answer_start": 600}], "orig_answer": {"text": "12", "answer_span": "the league consisted of 12 teams", "answer_start": 621}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which year?", "answers": [{"text": "2015", "answer_span": "2015 season, th", "answer_start": 608}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams,", "answer_start": 600}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": " 2015 ", "answer_start": 607}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "For its 2015 season, the league consisted of 12 teams", "answer_start": 600}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "2015 season, th", "answer_start": 608}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Going back when the sports was invented?", "answers": [{"text": "early 1980s", "answer_span": " early 1980s ", "answer_start": 471}, {"text": "early 1980s", "answer_span": "The sport was invented in the early 1980s ", "answer_start": 442}, {"text": "1987", "answer_span": "1987", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "the early 1980s", "answer_span": "The sport was invented in the early 1980s", "answer_start": 442}], "orig_answer": {"text": "early 1980s", "answer_span": " early 1980s ", "answer_start": 471}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many conferences it has?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": "two conferences", "answer_start": 1110}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "The AFL is divided into two conference", "answer_start": 1086}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": " two", "answer_start": 1109}, {"text": "teo", "answer_span": "The AFL is divided into two conferences \u2013 the American Conference and National Conference.", "answer_start": 1086}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": "two conferences", "answer_start": 1110}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many teams in each of them?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "only four teams ", "answer_start": 1218}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "each conference will have only four teams as the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not", "answer_start": 1192}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": " four", "answer_start": 1222}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "Starting 2016, each conference will have only four teams ", "answer_start": 1177}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "only four teams ", "answer_start": 1218}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are teams leaving them?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ce", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " each conference will have only four teams as the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "answer_start": 1191}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations", "answer_start": 1249}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "answer_start": 1250}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ce", "answer_start": 1250}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For example?", "answers": [{"text": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity", "answer_span": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "San Jose SaberCats", "answer_span": " champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity", "answer_start": 1240}, {"text": "San Jose SaberCats", "answer_span": " San Jose SaberCats", "answer_start": 1249}, {"text": "San Jose SaberCats", "answer_span": "the champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity", "answer_span": "San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity", "answer_start": 1250}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For what?", "answers": [{"text": "reasons not associated with League operations.", "answer_span": "reasons not associated with League operations.", "answer_start": 1333}, {"text": "\"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "answer_span": "that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "answer_start": 1296}, {"text": "reasons not associated with League operations", "answer_span": "reasons not associated with League operations", "answer_start": 1333}, {"text": "reasons not associated with League operations", "answer_span": "he champion San Jose SaberCats announced in November 2015 that they were ceasing activity for \"reasons not associated with League operations.\"", "answer_start": 1238}], "orig_answer": {"text": "reasons not associated with League operations.", "answer_span": "reasons not associated with League operations.", "answer_start": 1333}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Spokane do the same?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "he Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing ", "answer_start": 1008}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL. ", "answer_start": 965}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Subsequently, one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL", "answer_start": 964}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " one of the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL.", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "he Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing ", "answer_start": 1008}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did they go?", "answers": [{"text": "IFL", "answer_span": "join the competing IFL", "answer_start": 1062}, {"text": "IFL", "answer_span": " the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL. ", "answer_start": 1006}, {"text": "IFL", "answer_span": " IFL", "answer_start": 1080}, {"text": "IFL", "answer_span": "the remaining teams, the Spokane Shock, severed its ties with the league to join the competing IFL", "answer_start": 986}], "orig_answer": {"text": "IFL", "answer_span": "join the competing IFL", "answer_start": 1062}, "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3fe7txl1linsppafu5scnkpfvoq2qg"}], "section_title": "Arena Football League", "background": "Arena Football League", "title": "Arena Football League"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a federal parliamentary republic in central-western Europe. It includes 16 constituent states, covers an area of , and has a largely temperate seasonal climate. With about 82 million inhabitants, Germany is the most populous member state of the European Union. After the United States, it is the second most popular immigration destination in the world. Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin, while its largest conurbation is the Ruhr, with its main centres of Dortmund and Essen. The country's other major cities are Hamburg, Munich, Cologne, Frankfurt, Stuttgart, D\u00fcsseldorf, Leipzig, Bremen, Dresden, Hannover and Nuremberg. \n\nVarious Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity. A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD. During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward. Beginning in the 10th century, German territories formed a central part of the Holy Roman Empire. During the 16th century, northern German regions became the centre of the Protestant Reformation. After the collapse of the Holy Roman Empire, the German Confederation was formed in 1815. The German revolutions of 1848\u201349 resulted in the Frankfurt Parliament establishing major democratic rights. \n\nIn 1871, Germany became a nation state when most of the German states unified into the Prussian-dominated German Empire. After World War I and the German Revolution of 1918\u201319, the Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic. In 1933 the Nazi seizure of power quickly led to the establishment of Nazi Germany which was built upon a dictatorship and consequently led to World War II and the Holocaust. After the end of World War II in Europe and a period of Allied occupation, two German states were founded: the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany. Following the Revolutions of 1989 that ended communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe, the country was reunified on 3 October 1990.", "qas": [{"question": "Germany When did Germany become a nation state?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1871", "answer_span": "In 1871, Germany became a nation state ", "answer_start": 1322}, {"text": "1871", "answer_span": "1871", "answer_start": 1325}, {"text": "1871", "answer_span": "1871", "answer_start": 1325}, {"text": "In 1871", "answer_span": "In 1871, Germany became a nation state", "answer_start": 1322}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1871", "answer_span": "In 1871, Germany became a nation state ", "answer_start": 1322}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What years were the German Revolution?", "answers": [{"text": "1918\u201319.", "answer_span": "German Revolution of 1918\u201319,", "answer_start": 1469}, {"text": "1848\u201349", "answer_span": " 1848\u201349", "answer_start": 1236}, {"text": "1848\u201349", "answer_span": "1848\u201349", "answer_start": 1237}, {"text": "1918\u201319", "answer_span": "the German Revolution of 1918\u201319", "answer_start": 1465}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1918\u201319.", "answer_span": "German Revolution of 1918\u201319,", "answer_start": 1469}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "After that event, What was the Empire replaced by?", "answers": [{"text": "Weimar Republic.", "answer_span": " Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic.", "answer_start": 1502}, {"text": "the parliamentary Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "the parliamentary Weimar Republic", "answer_start": 1526}, {"text": "the parliamentary Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "the parliamentary Weimar Republic", "answer_start": 1526}, {"text": "the parliamentary Weimar Republic", "answer_span": "the Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic", "answer_start": 1499}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Weimar Republic.", "answer_span": " Empire was replaced by the parliamentary Weimar Republic.", "answer_start": 1502}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the Nazi seizure of power happen?", "answers": [{"text": "In 1933", "answer_span": " In 1933 the Nazi seizure of power ", "answer_start": 1560}, {"text": "In 1933", "answer_span": "In 1933", "answer_start": 1561}, {"text": "1933", "answer_span": "1933 ", "answer_start": 1564}, {"text": "1933", "answer_span": "In 1933 the Nazi seizure of power", "answer_start": 1561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 1933", "answer_span": " In 1933 the Nazi seizure of power ", "answer_start": 1560}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did this lead to the establishment of Nazi Germany?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "led to the establishment of Nazi Germany ", "answer_start": 1603}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " led to the establishment of Nazi Germany", "answer_start": 1602}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "In 1933 the Nazi seizure of power quickly led to the establishment of Nazi Germany", "answer_start": 1561}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "quickly led to the establishment of Nazi Germany", "answer_start": 1595}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "led to the establishment of Nazi Germany ", "answer_start": 1603}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was that built upon?", "answers": [{"text": "A dictatorship", "answer_span": "Nazi Germany which was built upon a dictatorship ", "answer_start": 1631}, {"text": "a dictatorship", "answer_span": " a dictatorship", "answer_start": 1664}, {"text": "a dictatorship", "answer_span": "a dictatorship", "answer_start": 1665}, {"text": "a dictatorship", "answer_span": "was built upon a dictatorship", "answer_start": 1650}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A dictatorship", "answer_span": "Nazi Germany which was built upon a dictatorship ", "answer_start": 1631}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many events did that cause?", "answers": [{"text": "Two.", "answer_span": "a dictatorship and consequently led to World War II and the Holocaust.", "answer_start": 1665}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "World War II and the Holocaust", "answer_start": 1704}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "led to World War II and the Holocaust", "answer_start": 1697}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "led to World War II and the Holocaust", "answer_start": 1697}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two.", "answer_span": "a dictatorship and consequently led to World War II and the Holocaust.", "answer_start": 1665}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the first one?", "answers": [{"text": "World War II", "answer_span": "led to World War II ", "answer_start": 1697}, {"text": "World War II", "answer_span": " World War II", "answer_start": 1703}, {"text": "World War II", "answer_span": "World War II", "answer_start": 1704}, {"text": "World War II", "answer_span": "to World War II and the Holocaust", "answer_start": 1701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "World War II", "answer_span": "led to World War II ", "answer_start": 1697}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the second?", "answers": [{"text": "The Holocaust.", "answer_span": " led to World War II and the Holocaust.", "answer_start": 1696}, {"text": "the Holocaust", "answer_span": "the Holocaust", "answer_start": 1721}, {"text": "the Holocaust.", "answer_span": " the Holocaust.", "answer_start": 1720}, {"text": "the Holocaust", "answer_span": "the Holocaust", "answer_start": 1721}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Holocaust.", "answer_span": " led to World War II and the Holocaust.", "answer_start": 1696}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many states were established after World War II?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": ". After the end of World War II in Europe and a period of Allied occupation, two German states were founded", "answer_start": 1734}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": " two", "answer_start": 1810}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "two", "answer_start": 1811}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "two German states were founded", "answer_start": 1811}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": ". After the end of World War II in Europe and a period of Allied occupation, two German states were founded", "answer_start": 1734}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were they?", "answers": [{"text": "West Germany and East Germany.", "answer_span": " two German states were founded: the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany.", "answer_start": 1810}, {"text": "the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany", "answer_span": " the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany", "answer_start": 1842}, {"text": "West Germany and East Germany", "answer_span": "West Germany and the socialist East Germany", "answer_start": 1858}, {"text": "West Germany and East Germany", "answer_span": "the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany", "answer_start": 1843}], "orig_answer": {"text": "West Germany and East Germany.", "answer_span": " two German states were founded: the democratic West Germany and the socialist East Germany.", "answer_start": 1810}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which one was democratic?", "answers": [{"text": "West Germany", "answer_span": "two German states were founded: the democratic West Germany ", "answer_start": 1811}, {"text": "West Germany", "answer_span": "West Germany", "answer_start": 1858}, {"text": "West Germany", "answer_span": " West Germany", "answer_start": 1857}, {"text": "West Germany", "answer_span": "the democratic West Germany", "answer_start": 1843}], "orig_answer": {"text": "West Germany", "answer_span": "two German states were founded: the democratic West Germany ", "answer_start": 1811}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year did communism end?", "answers": [{"text": "1989", "answer_span": " Revolutions of 1989 that ended communist rule", "answer_start": 1916}, {"text": "1989", "answer_span": "1989", "answer_start": 1932}, {"text": "1989", "answer_span": "1989 ", "answer_start": 1932}, {"text": "1989", "answer_span": "Following the Revolutions of 1989 that ended communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe", "answer_start": 1903}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1989", "answer_span": " Revolutions of 1989 that ended communist rule", "answer_start": 1916}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the country brought back together?", "answers": [{"text": "3 October 1990.", "answer_span": " the country was reunified on 3 October 1990.", "answer_start": 1993}, {"text": "3 October 1990", "answer_span": "3 October 1990", "answer_start": 2023}, {"text": "3 October 1990.", "answer_span": " 3 October 1990.", "answer_start": 2022}, {"text": "1990", "answer_span": " the country was reunified on 3 October 1990", "answer_start": 1993}], "orig_answer": {"text": "3 October 1990.", "answer_span": " the country was reunified on 3 October 1990.", "answer_start": 1993}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Since what time period have Germanic tribes been in parts of Germany?", "answers": [{"text": "Since classical antiquity.", "answer_span": "Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity.", "answer_start": 707}, {"text": "classical antiquity", "answer_span": "classical antiquity", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "classical antiquity.", "answer_span": "classical antiquity.", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "since classical antiquity", "answer_span": "Various Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity", "answer_start": 699}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Since classical antiquity.", "answer_span": "Germanic tribes have inhabited the northern parts of modern Germany since classical antiquity.", "answer_start": 707}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was there a recorded region before 100 AD?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD.", "answer_start": 802}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 817}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 802}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 802}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD.", "answer_start": 802}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Germania", "answer_span": " A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD.", "answer_start": 801}, {"text": "Germania", "answer_span": "Germania", "answer_start": 817}, {"text": "Germania", "answer_span": "Germania", "answer_start": 817}, {"text": "Germania", "answer_span": "A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 802}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Germania", "answer_span": " A region named Germania was documented before 100\u00a0AD.", "answer_start": 801}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did the tribes branch out to in the migration period?", "answers": [{"text": "Southward.", "answer_span": " During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward.", "answer_start": 855}, {"text": "southward", "answer_span": "southward", "answer_start": 914}, {"text": "southward", "answer_span": "southward", "answer_start": 914}, {"text": "southward", "answer_span": "During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward", "answer_start": 856}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southward.", "answer_span": " During the Migration Period, the Germanic tribes expanded southward.", "answer_start": 855}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the official name of Germany?", "answers": [{"text": "Federal Republic of Germany,", "answer_span": "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Federal Republic of Germany", "answer_span": " the Federal Republic of Germany", "answer_start": 19}, {"text": "Federal Republic of Germany", "answer_span": " Federal Republic of Germany", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "the Federal Republic of Germany", "answer_span": "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Federal Republic of Germany,", "answer_span": "Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Germany's capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": "Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin,", "answer_start": 410}, {"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": "Berlin", "answer_start": 454}, {"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": "Berlin", "answer_start": 454}, {"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": "Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin", "answer_start": 410}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Berlin", "answer_span": "Germany's capital and largest metropolis is Berlin,", "answer_start": 410}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlof2by0"}], "section_title": "Germany", "background": "Germany", "title": "Germany"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces (, ; sing. \"provincia\"). Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces. \n\nThe layout of Spain's provinces closely follows the pattern of the territorial division of the country carried out in 1833. The only major change of provincial borders since that time has been the sub-division of the Canary Islands into two provinces rather than one. \n\nHistorically, the provinces served mainly as transmission belts for policies enacted in Madrid, as Spain was a highly centralised state for most of its history. The importance of the provinces has declined since the adoption of the system of autonomous communities in the period of the Spanish transition to democracy. They nevertheless remain electoral districts for national elections and as geographical references: for instance in postal addresses and telephone codes. \n\nA small town would normally be identified as being in, say, Valladolid province rather than the autonomous community of Castile and Le\u00f3n. The provinces were the \"building-blocks\" from which the autonomous communities were created. Consequently, no province is divided between more than one of these communities. \n\nMost of the provinces\u2014with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra\u2014are named after their principal town. Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces.", "qas": [{"question": "Provinces of Spain What were provinces historically for?", "answers": [{"text": "transmission belts for policies enacted", "answer_span": "the provinces served mainly as transmission belts for policies enacted", "answer_start": 455}, {"text": "transmission belts", "answer_span": " the provinces served mainly as transmission belts for policies enacted in Madrid", "answer_start": 454}, {"text": "transmission belts for policies enacted in Madrid,", "answer_span": "Historically, the provinces served mainly as transmission belts for policies enacted in Madrid,", "answer_start": 441}, {"text": "as transmission belts for policies", "answer_span": "as transmission belts for policies", "answer_start": 483}], "orig_answer": {"text": "transmission belts for policies enacted", "answer_span": "the provinces served mainly as transmission belts for policies enacted", "answer_start": 455}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where are they enacted?", "answers": [{"text": "in Madrid", "answer_span": "enacted in Madrid", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "in Madrid", "answer_span": "policies enacted in Madrid", "answer_start": 509}, {"text": "Madrid,", "answer_span": "Historically, the provinces served mainly as transmission belts for policies enacted in Madrid,", "answer_start": 441}, {"text": "Madrid", "answer_span": " Madrid", "answer_start": 528}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in Madrid", "answer_span": "enacted in Madrid", "answer_start": 518}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What location is divided into fifty provinces?", "answers": [{"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Spain and its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Spain and its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Spain", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and?", "answers": [{"text": "its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities are divided into fifty provinces", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "its autonomous communities", "answer_start": 10}], "orig_answer": {"text": "its autonomous communities", "answer_span": "Spain and its autonomous communities", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are most provinces named after?", "answers": [{"text": "their principal town", "answer_span": "are named after their principal town", "answer_start": 1414}, {"text": "their principal town", "answer_span": "are named after their principal town", "answer_start": 1414}, {"text": "their principal town.", "answer_span": "Most of the provinces\u2014with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra\u2014are named after their principal town.", "answer_start": 1230}, {"text": "their principal town", "answer_span": " their principal town", "answer_start": 1429}], "orig_answer": {"text": "their principal town", "answer_span": "are named after their principal town", "answer_start": 1414}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many aren't?", "answers": [{"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra", "answer_start": 1252}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra", "answer_start": 1252}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "Most of the provinces\u2014with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra\u2014are named after their principal town.", "answer_start": 1230}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra", "answer_start": 1252}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "with the exception of \u00c1lava/Araba, Asturias/Asturies, Bizkaia/Vizcaya, Cantabria, Gipuzkoa/Gip\u00fazcoa, Illes Balears/Islas Baleares, La Rioja, and Nafarroa/Navarra", "answer_start": 1252}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many are not the provinces' capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces.", "answer_start": 1452}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces", "answer_start": 1452}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces.", "answer_start": 1452}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces.", "answer_start": 1496}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces.", "answer_start": 1452}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which are they?", "answers": [{"text": "M\u00e9rida and Santiago de Compostela", "answer_span": "M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia", "answer_start": 1496}, {"text": "M\u00e9rida and Santiago de Compostela", "answer_span": "Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia", "answer_start": 1452}, {"text": "M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia", "answer_span": "Only two capitals of autonomous communities\u2014M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia\u2014are not also the capitals of provinces.", "answer_start": 1452}, {"text": "M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia", "answer_span": "M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia", "answer_start": 1496}], "orig_answer": {"text": "M\u00e9rida and Santiago de Compostela", "answer_span": "M\u00e9rida in Extremadura and Santiago de Compostela in Galicia", "answer_start": 1496}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What made the province more unimportant?", "answers": [{"text": "the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_span": "has declined since the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_start": 634}, {"text": "the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_span": " The importance of the provinces has declined since the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_start": 601}, {"text": "the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_span": "The importance of the provinces has declined since the adoption of the system of autonomous communities in the period of the Spanish transition to democracy.", "answer_start": 602}, {"text": "adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_span": "adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_start": 657}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_span": "has declined since the adoption of the system of autonomous communities", "answer_start": 634}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many locations do not belong to any province?", "answers": [{"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces. ", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces. ", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces", "answer_start": 95}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they?", "answers": [{"text": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda are not part of any provinces. \n", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_start": 95}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_span": "Ceuta, Melilla and the Plazas de soberan\u00eda", "answer_start": 95}, "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3c2nj6jbkah7msxned0vjquaqpi2nw"}], "section_title": "Provinces of Spain", "background": "Provinces of Spain", "title": "Provinces of Spain"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Since the Protestant Reformation, the most prominent Christian denomination in Thuringia has been Lutheranism. During the GDR period, church membership was discouraged and has continued shrinking since the reunification in 1990. Today over two thirds of the population is non-religious. The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany has had the largest number of members in the state, adhered to by 24.0% of the population in 2009. Members of the Catholic Church formed 7.8% of the population, while 68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious or adhere to other faiths. The highest Protestant concentrations are in the small villages of southern and western Thuringia, whereas the bigger cities are even more non-religious (up to 88% in Gera). Catholic regions are the Eichsfeld in the northwest and parts of the Rh\u00f6n Mountains around Geisa in the southwest. Protestant church membership is shrinking rapidly, whereas the Catholic Church is somewhat more stable because of Catholic migration from Poland, Southern Europe and West Germany. Other religions play no significant role in Thuringia. There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews (mostly migrants from Russia) living in Thuringia. Furthermore, there are some Orthodox communities of Eastern European migrants and some traditional Protestant Free churches in Thuringia without any societal influence.", "qas": [{"question": "Thuringia what is the biggest church in Germany?", "answers": [{"text": "The Protestant Evangelical Church", "answer_span": "The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany has had the largest number of members in the state", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "Protestant Evangelical Church", "answer_span": "The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany has had the largest number of members in the state", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "The Protestant Evangelical Church", "answer_span": "The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany has had the largest number of members in the state", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "The Protestant Evangelical Church", "answer_span": "The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany", "answer_start": 287}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Protestant Evangelical Church", "answer_span": "The Protestant Evangelical Church in Germany has had the largest number of members in the state", "answer_start": 287}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what percent of the local people are in that church?", "answers": [{"text": "24.0% of the population in 2009", "answer_span": "adhered to by 24.0% of the population in 2009", "answer_start": 384}, {"text": "24.0%", "answer_span": "adhered to by 24.0% of the population in 2009", "answer_start": 384}, {"text": "24.0%", "answer_span": " adhered to by 24.0% of the population", "answer_start": 383}, {"text": "24.0%", "answer_span": "adhered to by 24.0% of the population", "answer_start": 384}], "orig_answer": {"text": "24.0% of the population in 2009", "answer_span": "adhered to by 24.0% of the population in 2009", "answer_start": 384}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what other group has a large percentage of people in it?", "answers": [{"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "Members of the Catholic Church formed 7.8% of the population", "answer_start": 431}, {"text": "Thuringians", "answer_span": "68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious or adhere to other faiths", "answer_start": 499}, {"text": "Lutheranism", "answer_span": "he most prominent Christian denomination in Thuringia has been Lutheranism", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "Members of the Catholic Church formed 7.8% of the population", "answer_start": 431}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "Members of the Catholic Church formed 7.8% of the population", "answer_start": 431}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are most people a part of one of these groups?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "while 68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious", "answer_start": 493}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious or adhere to other faiths.", "answer_start": 499}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious or adhere to other faiths", "answer_start": 499}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Today over two thirds of the population is non-religious. ", "answer_start": 229}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "while 68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious", "answer_start": 493}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what other ethnic groups are there in this area?", "answers": [{"text": "Muslims, Jews", "answer_span": "There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews", "answer_start": 1090}, {"text": "muslims and jews", "answer_span": "There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews (mostly migrants from Russia)", "answer_start": 1090}, {"text": "Muslims", "answer_span": "Muslims", "answer_start": 1120}, {"text": "Thuringians", "answer_span": "68.2% of Thuringians were non-religious", "answer_start": 499}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Muslims, Jews", "answer_span": "There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews", "answer_start": 1090}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where are they originally from?", "answers": [{"text": "migrants from Russia", "answer_span": "Jews (mostly migrants from Russia)", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "Russia", "answer_span": " (mostly migrants from Russia)", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "Russia", "answer_span": "mostly migrants from Russia", "answer_start": 1167}, {"text": "Russia", "answer_span": "There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews (mostly migrants from Russia)", "answer_start": 1090}], "orig_answer": {"text": "migrants from Russia", "answer_span": "Jews (mostly migrants from Russia)", "answer_start": 1161}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many are there?", "answers": [{"text": "about 750 Jews", "answer_span": " about 750 Jews", "answer_start": 1150}, {"text": "750", "answer_span": "750 Jews", "answer_start": 1157}, {"text": "750", "answer_span": "750 Jews", "answer_start": 1157}, {"text": "a few thousand Muslims and about 750 Jews", "answer_span": "There are only a few thousand Muslims (largely migrants) and about 750 Jews", "answer_start": 1090}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 750 Jews", "answer_span": " about 750 Jews", "answer_start": 1150}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did church-going really start decreasing in the area?", "answers": [{"text": "During the GDR period", "answer_span": "During the GDR period, church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 111}, {"text": "1990", "answer_span": "continued shrinking since the reunification in 1990", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "in 1990", "answer_span": "reunification in 1990", "answer_start": 206}, {"text": "since the reunification in 1990", "answer_span": " church membership was discouraged and has continued shrinking since the reunification in 1990", "answer_start": 133}], "orig_answer": {"text": "During the GDR period", "answer_span": "During the GDR period, church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 111}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why did it decrease?", "answers": [{"text": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_span": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_span": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_span": " church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_span": "During the GDR period, church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 111}], "orig_answer": {"text": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_span": "church membership was discouraged", "answer_start": 134}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is catholicism decreasing as quickly?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Catholic Church is somewhat more stable", "answer_start": 918}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "whereas the Catholic Church is somewhat more stable", "answer_start": 906}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the Catholic Church is somewhat more stable because of Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_start": 914}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the Catholic Church is somewhat more stable", "answer_start": 914}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Catholic Church is somewhat more stable", "answer_start": 918}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why not?", "answers": [{"text": "Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_span": "Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_start": 969}, {"text": "because of migration", "answer_span": "more stable because of Catholic migration from Poland, Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_start": 946}, {"text": "because of Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_span": "because of Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_start": 958}, {"text": "because of Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_span": " because of Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_start": 957}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_span": "Catholic migration from Poland", "answer_start": 969}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and from what other areas?", "answers": [{"text": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_span": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_start": 1001}, {"text": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_span": "Catholic migration from Poland, Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_start": 969}, {"text": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_span": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_start": 1001}, {"text": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_span": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_start": 1001}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_span": "Southern Europe and West Germany", "answer_start": 1001}, "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3a0ex8zrn8ovm41x482h1zvlo3vby5"}], "section_title": "Thuringia", "background": "Thuringia", "title": "Thuringia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System. It is a giant planet with a mass one-thousandth that of the Sun, but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined. Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants; the other two giant planets, Uranus and Neptune are ice giants. Jupiter has been known to astronomers since antiquity. The Romans named it after their god Jupiter. When viewed from Earth, Jupiter can reach an apparent magnitude of \u22122.94, bright enough for its reflected light to cast shadows, and making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. \n\nJupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen with a quarter of its mass being helium, though helium comprises only about a tenth of the number of molecules. It may also have a rocky core of heavier elements, but like the other giant planets, Jupiter lacks a well-defined solid surface. Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid (it has a slight but noticeable bulge around the equator). The outer atmosphere is visibly segregated into several bands at different latitudes, resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries. A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century when it was first seen by telescope. Surrounding Jupiter is a faint planetary ring system and a powerful magnetosphere. Jupiter has at least 69 moons, including the four large Galilean moons discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "qas": [{"question": "Jupiter What is the largest planet in the solar system?", "answers": [{"text": "Jupiter", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Jupiter", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Jupiter", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Jupiter", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jupiter", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it mostly made of?", "answers": [{"text": "gas", "answer_span": "Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants;", "answer_start": 228}, {"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "gas", "answer_span": "Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants", "answer_start": 228}, {"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen", "answer_start": 653}], "orig_answer": {"text": "gas", "answer_span": "Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants;", "answer_start": 228}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what element?", "answers": [{"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen ", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen", "answer_start": 653}], "orig_answer": {"text": "hydrogen", "answer_span": "Jupiter is primarily composed of hydrogen", "answer_start": 653}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much bigger is it than all the other planets together?", "answers": [{"text": "two and a half times", "answer_span": " but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined", "answer_start": 142}, {"text": "two and a half times", "answer_span": "with a mass one-thousandth that of the Sun, but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined", "answer_start": 99}, {"text": "two and a half times", "answer_span": "but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "two and a half times", "answer_span": "but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined", "answer_start": 143}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two and a half times", "answer_span": " but two and a half times that of all the other planets in the Solar System combined", "answer_start": 142}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long have people known about it?", "answers": [{"text": "since antiquity", "answer_span": "Jupiter has been known to astronomers since antiquity.", "answer_start": 327}, {"text": "since antiquity", "answer_span": "Jupiter has been known to astronomers since antiquity.", "answer_start": 327}, {"text": "since antiquity", "answer_span": "Jupiter has been known to astronomers since antiquity", "answer_start": 327}, {"text": "the 17th century", "answer_span": "A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century ", "answer_start": 1232}], "orig_answer": {"text": "since antiquity", "answer_span": "Jupiter has been known to astronomers since antiquity.", "answer_start": 327}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who gave it its name?", "answers": [{"text": "The Romans", "answer_span": "The Romans named it after their god Jupiter", "answer_start": 382}, {"text": "The Romans", "answer_span": " The Romans named it after their god Jupiter.", "answer_start": 381}, {"text": "The Romans", "answer_span": "The Romans named it after their god Jupiter", "answer_start": 382}, {"text": "The Romans", "answer_span": "The Romans named it after their", "answer_start": 382}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Romans", "answer_span": "The Romans named it after their god Jupiter", "answer_start": 382}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many planets is it away from the Sun?", "answers": [{"text": "it is the fifth planet from the Sun", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "fifth", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "fifth", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it is the fifth planet from the Sun", "answer_span": "Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the most bright object at night?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "and making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. \n", "answer_start": 556}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. ", "answer_start": 567}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky", "answer_start": 560}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. ", "answer_start": 581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "and making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. \n", "answer_start": 556}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many things are brighter?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": ", and making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. ", "answer_start": 554}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. ", "answer_start": 585}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "and making it on average the third-brightest object", "answer_start": 556}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "on average the third-brightest object", "answer_start": 570}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": ", and making it on average the third-brightest object in the night sky after the Moon and Venus. ", "answer_start": 554}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its shape?", "answers": [{"text": "that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_span": " the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 966}, {"text": "an oblate spheroid", "answer_span": " Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid ", "answer_start": 935}, {"text": "an oblate spheroid", "answer_span": " the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 966}, {"text": "oblate spheroid", "answer_span": "planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 971}], "orig_answer": {"text": "that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_span": " the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 966}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why?", "answers": [{"text": "Because of its rapid rotation", "answer_span": "Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 936}, {"text": "Because of its rapid rotation", "answer_span": "Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 936}, {"text": "Because of its rapid rotation", "answer_span": "Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 936}, {"text": "Because of its rapid rotation", "answer_span": " Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape", "answer_start": 935}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Because of its rapid rotation", "answer_span": "Because of its rapid rotation, the planet's shape is that of an oblate spheroid", "answer_start": 936}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it more similar to Uranus or Saturn?", "answers": [{"text": "Saturn", "answer_span": " Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants;", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "Saturn", "answer_span": "Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants", "answer_start": 228}, {"text": "Saturn", "answer_span": "Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants", "answer_start": 228}, {"text": "Saturn", "answer_span": " Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants", "answer_start": 227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saturn", "answer_span": " Jupiter and Saturn are gas giants;", "answer_start": 227}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is its atmosphere calm?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries.", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The outer atmosphere is visibly segregated into several bands at different latitudes, resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries.", "answer_start": 1075}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The outer atmosphere is visibly segregated into several bands at different latitudes, resulting in turbulence and storms ", "answer_start": 1075}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries.", "answer_start": 1161}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there a lot of storms?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The outer atmosphere is visibly segregated into several bands at different latitudes, resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries.", "answer_start": 1075}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "turbulence and storms ", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries.", "answer_start": 1161}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "resulting in turbulence and storms along their interacting boundaries", "answer_start": 1161}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a famous one?", "answers": [{"text": "the Great Red Spot", "answer_span": "A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm ", "answer_start": 1232}, {"text": "the Great Red Spot", "answer_span": " A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm", "answer_start": 1231}, {"text": "the Great Red Spot", "answer_span": "the Great Red Spot, a giant storm", "answer_start": 1254}, {"text": "Great Red Spot", "answer_span": "A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm ", "answer_start": 1232}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Great Red Spot", "answer_span": "A prominent result is the Great Red Spot, a giant storm ", "answer_start": 1232}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was that discovered?", "answers": [{"text": "the 17th century", "answer_span": "since at least the 17th century", "answer_start": 1318}, {"text": "the 17th century", "answer_span": "the Great Red Spot, a giant storm that is known to have existed since at least the 17th century", "answer_start": 1254}, {"text": "as early as the 17th century", "answer_span": "known to have existed since at least the 17th century", "answer_start": 1296}, {"text": "the 17th century", "answer_span": "existed since at least the 17th century when it was first seen by telescope", "answer_start": 1310}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 17th century", "answer_span": "since at least the 17th century", "answer_start": 1318}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have a moon larger than a planet?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1590}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the moon called?", "answers": [{"text": "Ganymede", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "Ganymede", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "Ganymede", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "Ganymede", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ganymede", "answer_span": "Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1580}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many moons total does the planet have?", "answers": [{"text": "at least 69 moons", "answer_span": "Jupiter has at least 69 moons", "answer_start": 1470}, {"text": "69 moons", "answer_span": "Jupiter has at least 69 moons, including the four large Galilean moons discovered by Galileo Galilei in 1610. Ganymede, the largest of these, has a diameter greater than that of the planet Mercury.", "answer_start": 1470}, {"text": "at least 69", "answer_span": "Jupiter has at least 69 moons", "answer_start": 1470}, {"text": "at least 69", "answer_span": "at least 69 moons", "answer_start": 1482}], "orig_answer": {"text": "at least 69 moons", "answer_span": "Jupiter has at least 69 moons", "answer_start": 1470}, "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3x0h8uuit1oqelnz0t6o6rk5hugsw9"}], "section_title": "Jupiter", "background": "Jupiter", "title": "Jupiter"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. Census day was May 16, 2006. The following census was the 2011 Census. Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897. This count was lower than the official July 1, 2006 population estimate of 32,623,490 people. \n\nOver 12.7 million households, 32.5 million people were expected to be counted. Canada Post delivered census forms by mail to 70% of the country, primarily residents in urban areas. Census enumerators delivered to the remaining 30% of households. Every fifth home received the long questionnaire (53 questions versus 8 questions on the short form). For the first time, Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms. Statistics Canada expected approximately 20% of households to file their surveys electronically. Persistent census staff are contacting tardy households. The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years, employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers. \n\nNew in the 2006 Census Questionnaire: \n\nQuestions not asked in the 2006 Census: \n\nModified questions: \n\nAs the data were compiled, Statistics Canada released various census data products. The first set of data products was released on March 13, 2007, originally scheduled for release on February 13, 2007, covering population and dwelling counts by geographical unit. This was followed by other census data products.", "qas": [{"question": "Canada 2006 Census Can Canadians now fill out the census online?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "For the first time, Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms.", "answer_start": 665}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "For the first time, Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms", "answer_start": 665}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": ", Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms. ", "answer_start": 683}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms", "answer_start": 685}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "For the first time, Canadian residents were able to go online to fill in their forms.", "answer_start": 665}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What day was the census in 2006?", "answers": [{"text": "May 16", "answer_span": " Census day was May 16, 2006. ", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "May 16, 2006", "answer_span": "The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population. Census day was May 16, 2006", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "May 16", "answer_span": "May 16", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "May 16", "answer_span": "Census day was May 16, 2006", "answer_start": 78}], "orig_answer": {"text": "May 16", "answer_span": " Census day was May 16, 2006. ", "answer_start": 77}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was its next census?", "answers": [{"text": "2011", "answer_span": ". The following census was the 2011 Census. ", "answer_start": 105}, {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "The following census was the 2011 Census", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011 ", "answer_start": 136}, {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "The following census was the 2011 Census", "answer_start": 107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2011", "answer_span": ". The following census was the 2011 Census. ", "answer_start": 105}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the population in 2006?", "answers": [{"text": "31,612,897", "answer_span": "Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897.", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "31,612,897", "answer_span": "Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "31,612,897.", "answer_span": "31,612,897.", "answer_start": 209}, {"text": "31,612,897", "answer_span": "2006 census was 31,612,897", "answer_start": 193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "31,612,897", "answer_span": "Canada's total population enumerated by the 2006 census was 31,612,897.", "answer_start": 149}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which homes received the long questionnaire?", "answers": [{"text": "Every fifth home", "answer_span": " Every fifth home received the long questionnaire", "answer_start": 562}, {"text": "Every fifth home", "answer_span": "Every fifth home received the long questionnaire", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "Every fifth home", "answer_span": "Every fifth home", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "urban", "answer_span": "primarily residents in urban areas", "answer_start": 462}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Every fifth home", "answer_span": " Every fifth home received the long questionnaire", "answer_start": 562}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What percentage of forms were mailed?", "answers": [{"text": "70%", "answer_span": "Canada Post delivered census forms by mail to 70% of the country, primarily residents in urban areas", "answer_start": 396}, {"text": "70%", "answer_span": "Canada Post delivered census forms by mail to 70% of the country", "answer_start": 396}, {"text": "70%", "answer_span": " 70%", "answer_start": 441}, {"text": "70%", "answer_span": "orms by mail to 70% of the country,", "answer_start": 426}], "orig_answer": {"text": "70%", "answer_span": "Canada Post delivered census forms by mail to 70% of the country, primarily residents in urban areas", "answer_start": 396}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many houses were expected to file electronically?", "answers": [{"text": "20%", "answer_span": " Statistics Canada expected approximately 20% of households to file their surveys electronically", "answer_start": 750}, {"text": "20%", "answer_span": "Statistics Canada expected approximately 20% of households to file their surveys electronically", "answer_start": 751}, {"text": "20%", "answer_span": "20%", "answer_start": 792}, {"text": "approximately 20%", "answer_span": "Canada expected approximately 20% of households to file their surveys electronically.", "answer_start": 762}], "orig_answer": {"text": "20%", "answer_span": " Statistics Canada expected approximately 20% of households to file their surveys electronically", "answer_start": 750}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much was the 2006 census (in dollars)?", "answers": [{"text": "$567 million", "answer_span": " The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years", "answer_start": 904}, {"text": "$567 million", "answer_span": "The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "$567 million", "answer_span": " $567 million", "answer_start": 951}, {"text": "$567 million", "answer_span": " The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million", "answer_start": 904}], "orig_answer": {"text": "$567 million", "answer_span": " The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years", "answer_start": 904}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many workers were there?", "answers": [{"text": "25,000", "answer_span": "employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers. \n", "answer_start": 990}, {"text": "More than 25,000", "answer_span": "The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years, employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "more than 25,000", "answer_span": "more than 25,000", "answer_start": 1000}, {"text": "25,000", "answer_span": " employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers. ", "answer_start": 989}], "orig_answer": {"text": "25,000", "answer_span": "employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers. \n", "answer_start": 990}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the first set of data come out?", "answers": [{"text": "March 13, 2007", "answer_span": "The first set of data products was released on March 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1242}, {"text": "March 13, 2007", "answer_span": "The first set of data products was released on March 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1242}, {"text": "March 13, 2007", "answer_span": "March 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1289}, {"text": "March 13, 200", "answer_span": "The first set of data products was released on March 13, 200", "answer_start": 1242}], "orig_answer": {"text": "March 13, 2007", "answer_span": "The first set of data products was released on March 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1242}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it supposed to come out?", "answers": [{"text": "February 13, 2007", "answer_span": "originally scheduled for release on February 13, 200", "answer_start": 1305}, {"text": "February 13, 2007", "answer_span": "As the data were compiled, Statistics Canada released various census data products. The first set of data products was released on March 13, 2007, originally scheduled for release on February 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1158}, {"text": "February 13, 2007", "answer_span": "February 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1341}, {"text": "February 13, 2007", "answer_span": "originally scheduled for release on February 13, 2007", "answer_start": 1305}], "orig_answer": {"text": "February 13, 2007", "answer_span": "originally scheduled for release on February 13, 200", "answer_start": 1305}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many questions were on the long census form?", "answers": [{"text": "53 questions", "answer_span": "long questionnaire (53 questions", "answer_start": 593}, {"text": "53", "answer_span": "Every fifth home received the long questionnaire (53 questions versus 8 questions on the short form)", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "53", "answer_span": "53", "answer_start": 613}, {"text": "53", "answer_span": "long questionnaire (53 questions ", "answer_start": 593}], "orig_answer": {"text": "53 questions", "answer_span": "long questionnaire (53 questions", "answer_start": 593}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And how many on the short?", "answers": [{"text": "8 questions", "answer_span": " 8 questions on the short form", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "Every fifth home received the long questionnaire (53 questions versus 8 questions on the short form", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "8 ", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "8 questions on the short form", "answer_start": 633}], "orig_answer": {"text": "8 questions", "answer_span": " 8 questions on the short form", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did workers go to houses that were late?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Persistent census staff are contacting tardy households. ", "answer_start": 848}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Persistent census staff are contacting tardy households", "answer_start": 848}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "census staff are contacting tardy households.", "answer_start": 859}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Persistent census staff are contacting tardy households", "answer_start": 848}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Persistent census staff are contacting tardy households. ", "answer_start": 848}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many years was counting the 2006 census spread over?", "answers": [{"text": "seven years", "answer_span": "The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years, employing more than 25,000 full and part-time census workers", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven ", "answer_start": 977}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "spread over seven years", "answer_start": 965}], "orig_answer": {"text": "seven years", "answer_span": "The total estimated cost of the 2006 census is $567 million spread over seven years", "answer_start": 905}, "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3a1cohj8njvqybd1rwejoxahqdwh80"}], "section_title": "Canada 2006 Census", "background": "Canada 2006 Census", "title": "Canada 2006 Census"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "It was only in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks became possible, such as with ISDN networks, assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s) for compressed video and audio transmission. During this time, there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication. Many of these technologies, such as the Media space, are not as widely used today as videoconferencing but were still an important area of research. The first dedicated systems started to appear in the market as ISDN networks were expanding throughout the world. One of the first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984. \n\nThe MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane, which is simply where the system manages conferencing creation, endpoint signaling and in-conferencing controls. This component negotiates parameters with every endpoint in the network and controls conferencing resources. While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint. The MP generates output streams from each endpoint and redirects the information to other endpoints in the conference.", "qas": [{"question": "Videoconferencing What company had an IPO in 1984?", "answers": [{"text": "PictureTel Corp", "answer_span": "PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984.", "answer_start": 659}, {"text": "PictureTel Corp.", "answer_span": "PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984. ", "answer_start": 659}, {"text": "PictureTel Corp.", "answer_span": "PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984", "answer_start": 659}, {"text": "PictureTel Corp", "answer_span": " PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984. ", "answer_start": 658}], "orig_answer": {"text": "PictureTel Corp", "answer_span": "PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984.", "answer_start": 659}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they do?", "answers": [{"text": "commercial videoconferencing systems", "answer_span": "One of the first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984.", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "commercial videoconferencing systems", "answer_span": "One of the first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp.", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "Commercial videoconferencing systems", "answer_span": " One of the first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp.", "answer_start": 576}, {"text": "commercial videoconferencing", "answer_span": " first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp., ", "answer_start": 587}], "orig_answer": {"text": "commercial videoconferencing systems", "answer_span": "One of the first commercial videoconferencing systems sold to companies came from PictureTel Corp., which had an Initial Public Offering in November, 1984.", "answer_start": 577}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did digital telephony transmission networks begin?", "answers": [{"text": "in the 1980s", "answer_span": "It was only in the 1980s ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the 1980s", "answer_span": "It was only in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks became possible", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "1980s", "answer_span": "It was only in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "in the 1980s", "answer_span": " in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks became possible", "answer_start": 11}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the 1980s", "answer_span": "It was only in the 1980s ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were the 1st networks?", "answers": [{"text": "ISDN networks", "answer_span": " The first dedicated systems started to appear in the market as ISDN networks ", "answer_start": 462}, {"text": "ISDN networks", "answer_span": "The first dedicated systems started to appear in the market as ISDN networks", "answer_start": 463}, {"text": "ISDN networks", "answer_span": "It was only in the 1980s that digital telephony transmission networks became possible, such as with ISDN networks", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "ISDN networks", "answer_span": "became possible, such as with ISDN networks,", "answer_start": 70}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ISDN networks", "answer_span": " The first dedicated systems started to appear in the market as ISDN networks ", "answer_start": 462}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the minimum bit rate?", "answers": [{"text": "128 kilobits/s", "answer_span": " assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s)", "answer_start": 114}, {"text": "128 kilobits/s", "answer_span": "ISDN networks, assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s)", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "128 kilobits/s", "answer_span": "minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s", "answer_start": 126}, {"text": "128 kilobits/s", "answer_span": "assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s) for compressed video and audio transmission", "answer_start": 115}], "orig_answer": {"text": "128 kilobits/s", "answer_span": " assuring a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s)", "answer_start": 114}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For what type of transmission?", "answers": [{"text": "compressed video and audio", "answer_span": " for compressed video and audio transmission", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "compressed video and audio transmission.", "answer_span": "a minimum bit rate (usually 128 kilobits/s) for compressed video and audio transmission.", "answer_start": 124}, {"text": "Compressed video and audio", "answer_span": "compressed video and audio transmission", "answer_start": 172}, {"text": "for compressed video and audio transmission", "answer_span": " (usually 128 kilobits/s) for compressed video and audio transmission", "answer_start": 142}], "orig_answer": {"text": "compressed video and audio", "answer_span": " for compressed video and audio transmission", "answer_start": 167}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was also researched?", "answers": [{"text": "other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_span": "During this time, there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_start": 213}, {"text": "other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_span": "there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "Media space", "answer_span": "Many of these technologies, such as the Media space, are not as widely used today as videoconferencing but were still an important area of research", "answer_start": 314}, {"text": "other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_span": " During this time, there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_start": 212}], "orig_answer": {"text": "other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_span": "During this time, there was also research into other forms of digital video and audio communication", "answer_start": 213}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What controls conferencing?", "answers": [{"text": "The MC", "answer_span": "The MC controls the conferencing", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "The MC", "answer_span": "The MC controls the conferencing", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "The MC", "answer_span": "The MC controls the conferencing", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "The MC", "answer_span": "The MC controls the conferencing ", "answer_start": 735}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The MC", "answer_span": "The MC controls the conferencing", "answer_start": 735}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In which plane?", "answers": [{"text": "signaling", "answer_span": "while it is active on the signaling plane", "answer_start": 768}, {"text": "the signaling plane", "answer_span": "he MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane", "answer_start": 736}, {"text": "Signaling", "answer_span": " the signaling plane", "answer_start": 789}, {"text": "the signaling plane", "answer_span": "The MC controls the conferencing while it is active on the signaling plane", "answer_start": 735}], "orig_answer": {"text": "signaling", "answer_span": "while it is active on the signaling plane", "answer_start": 768}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does something work on the media plane?", "answers": [{"text": "the MP", "answer_span": "While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the MP operates on the media plane", "answer_start": 1093}, {"text": "The MP", "answer_span": "the MP operates on the media plane", "answer_start": 1093}, {"text": "the MP", "answer_span": ", the MP operates on the media plane", "answer_start": 1091}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the MP", "answer_span": "While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint", "answer_start": 1033}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does?", "answers": [{"text": "the MP", "answer_span": ". While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint.", "answer_start": 1031}, {"text": "the MP", "answer_span": "the MP operates on the media plane", "answer_start": 1093}, {"text": "Receives media from each endpoint", "answer_span": " MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint", "answer_start": 1096}, {"text": "the MP", "answer_span": "the MP operates on the media plane ", "answer_start": 1093}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the MP", "answer_span": ". While the MC controls resources and signaling negotiations, the MP operates on the media plane and receives media from each endpoint.", "answer_start": 1031}, "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3l70j4kazgmn5j1e2yf7t31eox1da1"}], "section_title": "Videoconferencing", "background": "Videoconferencing", "title": "Videoconferencing"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, Russian: \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420), was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991. Nominally a union of multiple equal national Soviet republics, its government and economy were highly centralized. The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. The Russian nation had constitutionally equal status among the many nations of the union but exerted de facto dominance in various respects. Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata and Novosibirsk. The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. It was a founding permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, as well as a member of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the leading member of the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (CMEA) and the Warsaw Pact. \n\nThe Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917, when the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin, overthrew the Russian Provisional Government which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II during World War I. In 1922, the Soviet Union was formed with the unification of the Russian, Transcaucasian, Ukrainian, and Byelorussian republics. Following Lenin's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s. Stalin committed the state's ideology to Marxism\u2013Leninism (which he created), and initiated a centrally planned economy which led to a period of rapid industrialization and collectivization. During this period of totalitarian rule, Stalin imposed political paranoia; the mid-1930s Great Purge removed his opponents within and outside of the party via arbitrary arrests and persecutions of many people. Suppression of political critics, forced labor, and famines were perpetrated by Stalin; in 1933, a major famine struck Soviet Ukraine, causing the deaths of over 7 million people.", "qas": [{"question": "Soviet Union Who led the Bolsheviks?", "answers": [{"text": "Vladimir Lenin,", "answer_span": "when the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin,", "answer_start": 1130}, {"text": "Vladimir Lenin", "answer_span": "Vladimir Lenin", "answer_start": 1158}, {"text": "Vladimir Lenin", "answer_span": "Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin", "answer_start": 1139}, {"text": "Vladimir Lenin", "answer_span": "when the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin", "answer_start": 1130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Vladimir Lenin,", "answer_span": "when the Bolsheviks, led by Vladimir Lenin,", "answer_start": 1130}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they overthrow?", "answers": [{"text": "Russian Provisional Government", "answer_span": " overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "the Russian Provisional Government", "answer_span": "the Russian Provisional Government", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "Russian Provisional Government", "answer_span": "overthrew the Russian Provisional Government", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "Russian Provisional Government", "answer_span": "Russian Provisional Government", "answer_start": 1188}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Russian Provisional Government", "answer_span": " overthrew the Russian Provisional Government ", "answer_start": 1173}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which had replaced the rule of whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Tsar Nicholas II", "answer_span": " which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II ", "answer_start": 1218}, {"text": "Tsar Nicholas II", "answer_span": "Tsar Nicholas II ", "answer_start": 1238}, {"text": "Tsar Nicholas II", "answer_span": "replaced Tsar Nicholas II", "answer_start": 1229}, {"text": "Tsar Nicholas II", "answer_span": "which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II ", "answer_start": 1219}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tsar Nicholas II", "answer_span": " which had replaced Tsar Nicholas II ", "answer_start": 1218}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the overthrow occur?", "answers": [{"text": "1917,", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917,", "answer_start": 1064}, {"text": "during World War I", "answer_span": "during World War I", "answer_start": 1255}, {"text": "during World War I", "answer_span": " replaced Tsar Nicholas II during World War I", "answer_start": 1228}, {"text": "1917", "answer_span": "Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917", "answer_start": 1068}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1917,", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union had its roots in the October Revolution of 1917,", "answer_start": 1064}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who succeeded Lenin?", "answers": [{"text": "Joseph Stalin", "answer_span": " Following Lenin's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power", "answer_start": 1403}, {"text": "Joseph Stalin", "answer_span": "Joseph Stalin", "answer_start": 1464}, {"text": "Joseph Stalin", "answer_span": "Joseph Stalin came to power", "answer_start": 1464}, {"text": "Joseph Stalin", "answer_span": ". Following Lenin's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power", "answer_start": 1402}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Joseph Stalin", "answer_span": " Following Lenin's death in 1924 and a brief power struggle, Joseph Stalin came to power", "answer_start": 1403}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "the mid-1920s.", "answer_span": "Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s.", "answer_start": 1464}, {"text": "mid-1920s", "answer_span": "mid-1920s", "answer_start": 1499}, {"text": "mid-1920s", "answer_span": "came to power in the mid-1920s", "answer_start": 1478}, {"text": "1922", "answer_span": "1922", "answer_start": 1278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the mid-1920s.", "answer_span": "Joseph Stalin came to power in the mid-1920s.", "answer_start": 1464}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the Great Purge?", "answers": [{"text": "the mid-1930s", "answer_span": " During this period of totalitarian rule, Stalin imposed political paranoia; the mid-1930s Great Purge", "answer_start": 1700}, {"text": "the mid-1930s", "answer_span": "the mid-1930s ", "answer_start": 1777}, {"text": "mid-1930s", "answer_span": "mid-1930s Great Purge", "answer_start": 1781}, {"text": "mid-1930s", "answer_span": "the mid-1930s Great Purge", "answer_start": 1777}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the mid-1930s", "answer_span": " During this period of totalitarian rule, Stalin imposed political paranoia; the mid-1930s Great Purge", "answer_start": 1700}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Stalin tolerated political criticism.", "answers": [{"text": "false", "answer_span": "Suppression of political critics,", "answer_start": 1912}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "Suppression of political critics,", "answer_start": 1912}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": " Suppression of political critics", "answer_start": 1911}, {"text": "False", "answer_span": "Great Purge removed his opponents within and outside of the party", "answer_start": 1791}], "orig_answer": {"text": "false", "answer_span": "Suppression of political critics,", "answer_start": 1912}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he cause in 1933?", "answers": [{"text": "a major famine", "answer_span": "in 1933, a major famine struck Soviet Ukraine,", "answer_start": 2000}, {"text": "a major famine", "answer_span": "a major famine ", "answer_start": 2009}, {"text": "major famine", "answer_span": "in 1933, a major famine struck Soviet Ukraine", "answer_start": 2000}, {"text": "A major famine", "answer_span": "a major famine struck Soviet Ukraine", "answer_start": 2009}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a major famine", "answer_span": "in 1933, a major famine struck Soviet Ukraine,", "answer_start": 2000}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Soviet Ukraine,", "answer_span": " major famine struck Soviet Ukraine,", "answer_start": 2010}, {"text": "Soviet Ukraine", "answer_span": "Soviet Ukraine", "answer_start": 2031}, {"text": "Soviet Ukraine", "answer_span": " famine struck Soviet Ukraine", "answer_start": 2016}, {"text": "Soviet Ukraine", "answer_span": "Soviet Ukraine", "answer_start": 2031}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Soviet Ukraine,", "answer_span": " major famine struck Soviet Ukraine,", "answer_start": 2010}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For how many deaths there was he basically responsible?", "answers": [{"text": "f over 7 million people.", "answer_span": "major famine struck Soviet Ukraine, causing the deaths of over 7 million people.", "answer_start": 2011}, {"text": "over 7 million people", "answer_span": "over 7 million people", "answer_start": 2069}, {"text": "7 million", "answer_span": "causing the deaths of over 7 million people", "answer_start": 2047}, {"text": "Over 7 million people", "answer_span": "over 7 million people", "answer_start": 2069}], "orig_answer": {"text": "f over 7 million people.", "answer_span": "major famine struck Soviet Ukraine, causing the deaths of over 7 million people.", "answer_start": 2011}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did the Soviet Union have nuclear weapons?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction.", "answer_start": 663}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ne of the five recognized nuclear weapons states ", "answer_start": 685}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction", "answer_start": 663}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states ", "answer_start": 663}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction.", "answer_start": 663}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many other states had them?", "answers": [{"text": "four others", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction.", "answer_start": 663}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": " five recognized nuclear weapons states ", "answer_start": 694}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "five recognized nuclear weapons", "answer_start": 695}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": " The Soviet Union was one of the five", "answer_start": 662}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four others", "answer_span": "The Soviet Union was one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possessed the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction.", "answer_start": 663}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does USSR stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "answer_span": " Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR,", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "answer_span": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "answer_span": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "answer_span": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR", "answer_start": 33}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Union of Soviet Socialist Republics", "answer_span": " Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR,", "answer_start": 32}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the Russian version of this acronym?", "answers": [{"text": "\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_span": "USSR, Russian: \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_start": 70}, {"text": "\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_span": "\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_span": "Russian: \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_span": "Russian: \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_start": 76}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_span": "USSR, Russian: \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420", "answer_start": 70}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: The USSR was a two-party state.", "answers": [{"text": "false", "answer_span": "The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, t", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "The country was a one-party state", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "The country was a one-party state", "answer_start": 272}, {"text": "False", "answer_span": "The country was a one-party state", "answer_start": 272}], "orig_answer": {"text": "false", "answer_span": "The country was a one-party state, governed by the Communist Party with Moscow as its capital in its largest republic, t", "answer_start": 272}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What party did they have?", "answers": [{"text": "governed by the Communist Party", "answer_span": "governed by the Communist Party", "answer_start": 307}, {"text": "the Communist Party", "answer_span": "the Communist Party", "answer_start": 319}, {"text": "Communist Party", "answer_span": "governed by the Communist Party", "answer_start": 307}, {"text": "Communist Party", "answer_span": "governed by the Communist Party", "answer_start": 307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "governed by the Communist Party", "answer_span": "governed by the Communist Party", "answer_start": 307}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the capital of the USSR?", "answers": [{"text": "Moscow", "answer_span": " with Moscow as its capital", "answer_start": 338}, {"text": "Moscow", "answer_span": "Moscow", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "Moscow", "answer_span": "Moscow as its capital", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "Moscow", "answer_span": "Moscow as its capital", "answer_start": 344}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Moscow", "answer_span": " with Moscow as its capital", "answer_start": 338}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name another major city of the USSR.", "answers": [{"text": "Minsk", "answer_span": "Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata and Novosibirsk. ", "answer_start": 582}, {"text": "Leningrad", "answer_span": "Leningrad", "answer_start": 613}, {"text": "Leningrad", "answer_span": "urban centres were Leningrad", "answer_start": 594}, {"text": "Leningrad", "answer_span": "Other major urban centres were Leningrad", "answer_start": 582}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Minsk", "answer_span": "Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata and Novosibirsk. ", "answer_start": 582}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "Leningrad", "answer_span": "urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata and Novosibir", "answer_start": 594}, {"text": "Kiev", "answer_span": "Kiev", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "Kiev", "answer_span": "Kiev", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "Alma-Ata", "answer_span": "Other major urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata", "answer_start": 582}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Leningrad", "answer_span": "urban centres were Leningrad, Kiev, Minsk, Alma-Ata and Novosibir", "answer_start": 594}, "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3gdtjdapvubcqpecituwg2id7wk8mj"}], "section_title": "Soviet Union", "background": "Soviet Union", "title": "Soviet Union"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Mumbai (; also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra. It is the most populous city in India with an estimated city population of 18.4\u00a0million. Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region, it is second most populous metropolitan area in India, with a population of 21.3\u00a0million . Mumbai lies on the Konkan on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour. \n\nIn 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city. It is also the wealthiest city in India, Mumbai has the highest number of millionaires and billionaires among all cities in India. \n\nThe seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies of the Koli people. For centuries, the islands were under the control of successive indigenous empires before being ceded to the Portuguese Empire and subsequently to the East India Company when in 1661 Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay. During the mid-18th century, Bombay was reshaped by the Hornby Vellard project, which undertook reclamation of the area between the seven islands from the sea. Along with construction of major roads and railways, the reclamation project, completed in 1845, transformed Bombay into a major seaport on the Arabian Sea. Bombay in the 19th century was characterised by economic and educational development. During the early 20th century it became a strong base for the Indian independence movement. Upon India's independence in 1947 the city was incorporated into Bombay State. In 1960, following the Samyukta Maharashtra Movement, a new state of Maharashtra was created with Bombay as the capital.", "qas": [{"question": "Mumbai what happened in 2008?", "answers": [{"text": "Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_span": "In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_span": "In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_span": "In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_span": " Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_start": 464}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_span": "In 2008, Mumbai was named an alpha world city", "answer_start": 456}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it poor city?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is also the wealthiest city in India", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is also the wealthiest city in India", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "It is also the wealthiest city in India", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "wealthiest city in India", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is also the wealthiest city in India", "answer_start": 503}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was it ever called something else?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "also known as Bombay,", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Mumbai (; also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Mumbai (; also known as Bombay", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bombay", "answer_span": " Bombay", "answer_start": 23}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "also known as Bombay,", "answer_start": 10}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what?", "answers": [{"text": "Bombay", "answer_span": "also known as Bombay", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "Bombay", "answer_span": "Mumbai (; also known as Bombay", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bombay,", "answer_span": "Mumbai (; also known as Bombay,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bombay", "answer_span": "Bombay", "answer_start": 24}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bombay", "answer_span": "also known as Bombay", "answer_start": 10}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it still officially called that?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "the official name until 1995", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Bombay, the official name until 1995)", "answer_start": 24}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Mumbai (; also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "until 1995", "answer_start": 50}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the official name until 1995", "answer_start": 32}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did that change?", "answers": [{"text": "1995", "answer_span": "the official name until 1995", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "1995", "answer_span": "the official name until 1995)", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "1995", "answer_span": "the official name until 1995", "answer_start": 32}, {"text": "1995", "answer_span": "1995", "answer_start": 56}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1995", "answer_span": "the official name until 1995", "answer_start": 32}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it land locked?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai ", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Mumbai lies on the Konkan on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour.", "answer_start": 369}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Along with the neighbouring regions of the Mumbai Metropolitan Region", "answer_start": 207}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Mumbai lies on the Konkan on the west coast of India and has a deep natural harbour", "answer_start": 369}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai ", "answer_start": 636}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many islands make up the city?", "answers": [{"text": "seven", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "The seven islands", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai ", "answer_start": 636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai", "answer_start": 636}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they named in the article?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay.", "answer_start": 1040}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The seven islands", "answer_start": 636}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai were home to communities of fishing colonies of the Koli people", "answer_start": 636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The seven islands that came to constitute Mumbai", "answer_start": 636}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what country is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "India", "answer_span": "area in India", "answer_start": 318}, {"text": "India", "answer_span": "the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra.", "answer_start": 65}, {"text": "India", "answer_span": "It is the most populous city in India", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "India", "answer_span": " India", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "India", "answer_span": "area in India", "answer_start": 318}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what state?", "answers": [{"text": "Maharashtra", "answer_span": "state of Maharashtra", "answer_start": 96}, {"text": "Maharashtra.", "answer_span": "the Indian state of Maharashtra.", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "Maharashtra", "answer_span": "Indian state of Maharashtra", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "Maharashtra", "answer_span": "Maharashtra", "answer_start": 105}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Maharashtra", "answer_span": "state of Maharashtra", "answer_start": 96}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it the third largest city in the country?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " It is the most populous city in India ", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is the most populous city in India", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "it is second most populous metropolitan area in India", "answer_start": 278}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " It is the most populous city in India ", "answer_start": 117}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " It is the most populous city in India ", "answer_start": 117}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what rank is it?", "answers": [{"text": "1st", "answer_span": "It is the most populous city in India ", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "First", "answer_span": "It is the most populous city in India", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "first", "answer_span": "It is the most populous city in India with an estimated city population of 18.4\u00a0million", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "first", "answer_span": "most populous city in India", "answer_start": 128}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1st", "answer_span": "It is the most populous city in India ", "answer_start": 118}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many persons live there?", "answers": [{"text": "18.4\u00a0million", "answer_span": "city population of 18.4\u00a0million", "answer_start": 174}, {"text": "18.4\u00a0million.", "answer_span": "an estimated city population of 18.4\u00a0million.", "answer_start": 161}, {"text": "18.4\u00a0million", "answer_span": "18.4\u00a0million", "answer_start": 193}, {"text": "18.4\u00a0million", "answer_span": "18.4\u00a0million", "answer_start": 193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18.4\u00a0million", "answer_span": "city population of 18.4\u00a0million", "answer_start": 174}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it in the Eastern area of the country?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " on the west coast of India", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Mumbai lies on the Konkan on the west coast of India", "answer_start": 369}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "west coast of India", "answer_start": 402}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Mumbai lies on the Konkan on the west coast of India", "answer_start": 369}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " on the west coast of India", "answer_start": 394}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did someone get it as part of a marriage contract?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay", "answer_start": 955}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay.", "answer_start": 933}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay", "answer_start": 933}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay", "answer_start": 989}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay", "answer_start": 955}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who?", "answers": [{"text": "Charles II", "answer_span": "Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles ", "answer_start": 933}, {"text": "Charles II", "answer_span": "Charles received the ports of Tangier and Seven Islands of Bombay.", "answer_start": 1010}, {"text": "Charles II of England", "answer_span": "Charles II of England", "answer_start": 933}, {"text": "Charles II", "answer_span": "Charles II", "answer_start": 933}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Charles II", "answer_span": "Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza and as part of her dowry Charles ", "answer_start": 933}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who did he marry?", "answers": [{"text": "Catherine", "answer_span": " Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 932}, {"text": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_span": "Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 933}, {"text": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_span": "married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 955}, {"text": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_span": " Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 962}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Catherine", "answer_span": " Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 932}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where was she from?", "answers": [{"text": "Braganza", "answer_span": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 963}, {"text": "Braganza", "answer_span": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 963}, {"text": "Braganza", "answer_span": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 963}, {"text": "Braganza", "answer_span": "Braganza ", "answer_start": 976}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Braganza", "answer_span": "Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 963}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did this occur?", "answers": [{"text": "1661", "answer_span": "when in 1661 Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 920}, {"text": "1661", "answer_span": "in 1661 Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 925}, {"text": "in 1661", "answer_span": "when in 1661", "answer_start": 920}, {"text": "1661", "answer_span": " 1661", "answer_start": 927}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1661", "answer_span": "when in 1661 Charles II of England married Catherine of Braganza", "answer_start": 920}, "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ng53n1rlvjibsbpa9mox6c8c1xp8y"}], "section_title": "Mumbai", "background": "Mumbai", "title": "Mumbai"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "New Haven (local /nu\u02d0 \u02c8he\u026av\u0259n/, noo-HAY-v\u0259n), in the U.S. state of Connecticut, is the principal municipality in Greater New Haven, which had a total population of 862,477 in 2010. It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of the Long Island Sound in New Haven County, Connecticut, which in turn comprises the outer limits of the New York metropolitan area. It is the second-largest city in Connecticut (after Bridgeport), with a population of 129,779 people as of the 2010 United States Census. According to a census of 1 July 2012, by the Census Bureau, the city had a population of 130,741. \n\nIn 1637 a small party of Puritans reconnoitered the New Haven harbor area and wintered over. In April 1638, the main party of five hundred Puritans who left the Massachusetts Bay Colony under the leadership of the Reverend John Davenport and the London merchant Theophilus Eaton sailed into the harbor. These settlers were hoping to establish a (in their mind) better theological community, with the government more closely linked to the church than the one they left in Massachusetts and sought to take advantage of the excellent port capabilities of the harbor. The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots, sold their land to the settlers in return for protection.", "qas": [{"question": "New Haven, Connecticut What is the city of focus?", "answers": [{"text": "New Haven", "answer_span": "New Haven", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "New Haven", "answer_span": "New Haven (local /nu\u02d0 \u02c8he\u026av\u0259n/, noo-HAY-v\u0259n), in the U.S", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "New Haven", "answer_span": "New Haven (local /nu\u02d0 \u02c8he\u026av\u0259n/, noo-HAY-v\u0259n), in the U.S. state of Connecticut", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "New Haven", "answer_span": "New Haven", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New Haven", "answer_span": "New Haven", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it's population in 2012?", "answers": [{"text": "130,741", "answer_span": "130,741", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "130,741.", "answer_span": " of 1 July 2012, by the Census Bureau, the city had a population of 130,741. ", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "130,741", "answer_span": " According to a census of 1 July 2012, by the Census Bureau, the city had a population of 130,741", "answer_start": 509}, {"text": "130,741.", "answer_span": "130,741. ", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "130,741", "answer_span": "130,741", "answer_start": 599}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was that census held?", "answers": [{"text": "1 July 2012", "answer_span": "1 July 2012", "answer_start": 535}, {"text": "1 July 2012", "answer_span": " According to a census of 1 July 2012", "answer_start": 509}, {"text": "1 July", "answer_span": "a census of 1 July 2012", "answer_start": 523}, {"text": "1 July 2012", "answer_span": " 1 July 2012", "answer_start": 534}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1 July 2012", "answer_span": "1 July 2012", "answer_start": 535}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year did the Puritans winter there?", "answers": [{"text": "1637", "answer_span": "1637", "answer_start": 613}, {"text": "1637", "answer_span": "n 1637 a small party of Puritans reconnoitered the New Haven harbor area and wintered over", "answer_start": 611}, {"text": "1637", "answer_span": "In 1637 a small party of Puritans reconnoitered the New Haven", "answer_start": 610}, {"text": "1637", "answer_span": "1637 ", "answer_start": 613}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1637", "answer_span": "1637", "answer_start": 613}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the reverend who led them?", "answers": [{"text": "John Davenport", "answer_span": " John Davenport", "answer_start": 832}, {"text": "Reverend John Davenport", "answer_span": "left the Massachusetts Bay Colony under the leadership of the Reverend John Davenport ", "answer_start": 762}, {"text": "Reverend John Davenport", "answer_span": "the leadership of the Reverend John Davenport", "answer_start": 802}, {"text": "John Davenport", "answer_span": "John Davenport", "answer_start": 833}], "orig_answer": {"text": "John Davenport", "answer_span": " John Davenport", "answer_start": 832}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which merchant traveled him?", "answers": [{"text": "Theophilus Eaton", "answer_span": " Theophilus Eaton", "answer_start": 871}, {"text": "Theophilus Eaton", "answer_span": "the Reverend John Davenport and the London merchant Theophilus Eaton ", "answer_start": 820}, {"text": "Theophilus Eaton", "answer_span": "and the London merchant Theophilus Eaton", "answer_start": 848}, {"text": "Theophilus Eaton", "answer_span": "Theophilus Eaton", "answer_start": 872}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Theophilus Eaton", "answer_span": " Theophilus Eaton", "answer_start": 871}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How did the travel?", "answers": [{"text": "sailed", "answer_span": "sailed", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "He sailed.", "answer_span": " the London merchant Theophilus Eaton sailed into the harbor", "answer_start": 851}, {"text": "by boat", "answer_span": "sailed into the harbor", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "sailed", "answer_span": "sailed ", "answer_start": 889}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sailed", "answer_span": "sailed", "answer_start": 889}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the settlers hope?", "answers": [{"text": "to establish a theological community", "answer_span": "to establish a (in their mind) better theological community", "answer_start": 940}, {"text": "To establish a better theological community,", "answer_span": " These settlers were hoping to establish a (in their mind) better theological community,", "answer_start": 912}, {"text": "to establish a better theological community", "answer_span": "These settlers were hoping to establish a (in their mind) better theological community,", "answer_start": 913}, {"text": "to establish a (in their mind) better theological community", "answer_span": " to establish a (in their mind) better theological community", "answer_start": 939}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to establish a theological community", "answer_span": "to establish a (in their mind) better theological community", "answer_start": 940}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What two tribes were at war?", "answers": [{"text": "Quinnipiacs and Pequots", "answer_span": "Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots", "answer_start": 1178}, {"text": "The Quinnipiacs and Pequots,", "answer_span": " The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots,", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "The Quinnipiacs and Pequots", "answer_span": "The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "The Quinnipiacs and Pequots", "answer_span": "The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots", "answer_start": 1174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Quinnipiacs and Pequots", "answer_span": "Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots", "answer_start": 1178}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which of them sold out for protection?", "answers": [{"text": "Pequots", "answer_span": " Pequots, sold their land to the settlers", "answer_start": 1227}, {"text": "Quinnipiacs", "answer_span": "The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots, sold their land to the settlers in return for protection.", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "The Quinnipiacs", "answer_span": "The Quinnipiacs, who were under attack by neighboring Pequots, sold their land to the settlers in return for protection", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "The Quinnipiacs", "answer_span": "The Quinnipiacs", "answer_start": 1174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pequots", "answer_span": " Pequots, sold their land to the settlers", "answer_start": 1227}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which sound is the city located on?", "answers": [{"text": "Long Island Sound", "answer_span": " Long Island Sound", "answer_start": 243}, {"text": "Long Island Sound", "answer_span": " It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of the Long Island Sound ", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "the Long Island", "answer_span": " It is located on New Haven Harbor on the northern shore of the Long Island Sound", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "Long Island Sound", "answer_span": "Long Island Sound", "answer_start": 244}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Long Island Sound", "answer_span": " Long Island Sound", "answer_start": 243}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "On which harbor?", "answers": [{"text": "New Haven Harbor", "answer_span": "New Haven Harbor", "answer_start": 198}, {"text": "New Haven", "answer_span": " It is located on New Haven Harbor ", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "New Haven Harbor", "answer_span": "It is located on New Haven Harbor", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "New Haven Harbor", "answer_span": "New Haven Harbor ", "answer_start": 198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New Haven Harbor", "answer_span": "New Haven Harbor", "answer_start": 198}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In terms population, where does the city rank?", "answers": [{"text": "second-largest city in Connecticut", "answer_span": "It is the second-largest city in Connecticut", "answer_start": 372}, {"text": "Second-largest", "answer_span": " It is the second-largest city in Connecticut ", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "second", "answer_span": " It is the second-largest city in Connecticut", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "second-largest city in Connecticut", "answer_span": "second-largest city in Connecticut ", "answer_start": 382}], "orig_answer": {"text": "second-largest city in Connecticut", "answer_span": "It is the second-largest city in Connecticut", "answer_start": 372}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which city is first?", "answers": [{"text": "Bridgeport", "answer_span": "after Bridgeport", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "Bridgeport", "answer_span": "after Bridgeport", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "Bridgeport", "answer_span": "(after Bridgeport)", "answer_start": 417}, {"text": "Bridgeport", "answer_span": "Bridgeport", "answer_start": 424}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bridgeport", "answer_span": "after Bridgeport", "answer_start": 418}, "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "32ktq2v7rdfc4uxmnl0agydort19mq"}], "section_title": "New Haven, Connecticut", "background": "New Haven, Connecticut", "title": "New Haven, Connecticut"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "MedlinePlus is an online information service produced by the United States National Library of Medicine. The service provides curated consumer health information in English and Spanish. The site street together information from the National Library of Medicine (NLM), the National Institutes of Health (NIH), other U.S. government agencies, and health-related organizations. There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices, in both English and Spanish. In 2015, about 400 million people from around the world used MedlinePlus. The service is funded by the NLM and is free to users. \n\nMedlinePlus provides encyclopedic information on health and drug issues, and provides a directory of medical services. MedlinePlus Connect links patients or providers in electronic health record (EHR) systems to related MedlinePlus information on conditions or medications. \n\nPubMed Health is another NLM site that offers consumer health information, in addition to information for health professionals. \n\nThe National Library of Medicine has long provided programs and services for professional medical scientists and health care providers, including MEDLINE and the various services that access it, such as PubMed and Entrez. By the 1990s, more members of the general public were using these services as Internet access became widespread. But nonprofessional users could benefit from reliable health information in a layperson-accessible format. The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998, to provide a non-commercial online service similar, for example, to the commercial WebMD. In 2010 another NCBI service, PubMed Health, complemented MedlinePlus in offering curated consumer health information; PubMed Health focuses especially on finding information about clinical effectiveness of treatments.", "qas": [{"question": "MedlinePlus who funds MedlinePlus?", "answers": [{"text": "the NLM", "answer_span": " The service is funded by the NLM", "answer_start": 539}, {"text": "the NLM", "answer_span": "The service is funded by the NLM", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "The United States National Library of Medicine", "answer_span": "MedlinePlus is an online information service produced by the United States National Library of Medicine", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the NLM", "answer_span": "the NLM", "answer_start": 565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the NLM", "answer_span": " The service is funded by the NLM", "answer_start": 539}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what other site do they offer that has consumer health info?", "answers": [{"text": "MedlinePlus", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "PubMed Health is another NLM site that offers consumer health information", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "PubMed Health is another NLM site that offers consumer health information, in addition to information for health professionals", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "PubMed Health", "answer_start": 873}], "orig_answer": {"text": "MedlinePlus", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 1445}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is there any other site that they offer?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "In 2010 another NCBI service, PubMed Health,", "answer_start": 1608}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "PubMed Health is another NLM site ", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "PubMed Health is another NLM site that offers consumer health information, in addition to information for health professionals", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "PubMed Health", "answer_start": 873}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "In 2010 another NCBI service, PubMed Health,", "answer_start": 1608}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "name one", "answers": [{"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "n 2010 another NCBI service, PubMed Health, complemented MedlinePlus in offering curated consumer health information", "answer_start": 1609}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "\nPubMed Health is another NLM site", "answer_start": 872}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "PubMed Health is another NLM site that offers consumer health information, in addition to information for health professionals", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "PubMed Health ", "answer_start": 873}], "orig_answer": {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "n 2010 another NCBI service, PubMed Health, complemented MedlinePlus in offering curated consumer health information", "answer_start": 1609}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what links patients EHR to related MedlinePlus info?", "answers": [{"text": "MedlinePlus Connect", "answer_span": " MedlinePlus Connect links patients or providers in electronic health record (EHR) systems to related MedlinePlus information on conditions or medications.", "answer_start": 715}, {"text": "MedlinePlus Connect", "answer_span": "MedlinePlus Connect links patients or providers in electronic health record (EHR) systems to related MedlinePlus information on conditions or medications. ", "answer_start": 716}, {"text": "MedlinePlus Connect", "answer_span": "MedlinePlus Connect links patients or providers in electronic health record (EHR) systems to related MedlinePlus information on conditions or medications", "answer_start": 716}, {"text": "MedlinePlus Connect", "answer_span": "MedlinePlus Connect", "answer_start": 716}], "orig_answer": {"text": "MedlinePlus Connect", "answer_span": " MedlinePlus Connect links patients or providers in electronic health record (EHR) systems to related MedlinePlus information on conditions or medications.", "answer_start": 715}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "as of 2015 how many people around the world use MedlinePlus?", "answers": [{"text": "about 400 million people\\", "answer_span": "In 2015, about 400 million people from around the world used MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "about 400 million", "answer_span": " In 2015, about 400 million people from around the world used MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 465}, {"text": "400 million", "answer_span": "In 2015, about 400 million people from around the world used MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "400 million", "answer_span": " 400 million ", "answer_start": 480}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 400 million people\\", "answer_span": "In 2015, about 400 million people from around the world used MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 466}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many languages is it offered in?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "The service provides curated consumer health information in English and Spanish", "answer_start": 105}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices, in both English and Spanish. I", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices, in both English and Spanish", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": " in both English and Spanish", "answer_start": 436}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "The service provides curated consumer health information in English and Spanish", "answer_start": 105}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are the languages?", "answers": [{"text": "English and Spanish", "answer_span": "The service provides curated consumer health information in English and Spanish", "answer_start": 105}, {"text": "English and Spanish.", "answer_span": "English and Spanish.", "answer_start": 445}, {"text": "English and Spanish", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices, in both English and Spanish", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "English and Spanish", "answer_span": "English and Spanish", "answer_start": 445}], "orig_answer": {"text": "English and Spanish", "answer_span": "The service provides curated consumer health information in English and Spanish", "answer_start": 105}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is MedlinePlus optimized for mobile?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices, in both English and Spanish", "answer_start": 375}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "for display on mobile devices", "answer_start": 406}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a site optimized for display on mobile devices", "answer_start": 375}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the cost to end users?", "answers": [{"text": "it is free", "answer_span": "The service is funded by the NLM and is free to users. ", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "it is free", "answer_span": "The service is funded by the NLM and is free to users. ", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "Free", "answer_span": "The service is funded by the NLM and is free to users", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "free", "answer_span": "free", "answer_start": 580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it is free", "answer_span": "The service is funded by the NLM and is free to users. ", "answer_start": 540}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it introduced?", "answers": [{"text": "in October 1998", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "1998", "answer_span": " introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998", "answer_start": 1477}, {"text": "October 1998", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "1990s", "answer_span": "1990s", "answer_start": 1232}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in October 1998", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998", "answer_start": 1445}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by who?", "answers": [{"text": "The National Library of Medicine", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "The National Library of Medicine", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "The National Library of Medicine", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus in October 1998", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "The National Library of Medicine", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine", "answer_start": 1445}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The National Library of Medicine", "answer_span": "The National Library of Medicine introduced MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 1445}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what service is it similar to?", "answers": [{"text": "WebMD", "answer_span": ", to provide a non-commercial online service similar, for example, to the commercial WebMD", "answer_start": 1516}, {"text": "PubMed Health", "answer_span": "PubMed Health, complemented MedlinePlus", "answer_start": 1638}, {"text": "WebMD", "answer_span": "to provide a non-commercial online service similar, for example, to the commercial WebMD", "answer_start": 1518}, {"text": "WebMD", "answer_span": "WebMD", "answer_start": 1601}], "orig_answer": {"text": "WebMD", "answer_span": ", to provide a non-commercial online service similar, for example, to the commercial WebMD", "answer_start": 1516}, "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "39gaf6dqwr0d5co0x0m8ooeiklzv1g"}], "section_title": "MedlinePlus", "background": "MedlinePlus", "title": "MedlinePlus"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy) is a type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people, as opposed to direct democracy. Nearly all modern Western-style democracies are types of representative democracies; for example, the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. \n\nIt is an element of both the parliamentary and the presidential systems of government and is typically used in a lower chamber such as the House of Commons (United Kingdom) or D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann (Republic of Ireland), and may be curtailed by constitutional constraints such as an upper chamber. It has been described by some political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg as polyarchy. In it the power is in the hands of the elected representatives who are elected by the people in elections. \n\nRepresentatives are elected by the public, as in national elections for the national legislature. Elected representatives may hold the power to select other representatives, presidents, or other officers of the government or of the legislature, as the Prime Minister in the latter case. (indirect representation). \n\nThe power of representatives is usually curtailed by a constitution (as in a constitutional democracy or a constitutional monarchy) or other measures to balance representative power:", "qas": [{"question": "Representative democracy who are representatives elected by?", "answers": [{"text": "the public", "answer_span": "Representatives are elected by the public", "answer_start": 987}, {"text": "the public", "answer_span": "Representatives are elected by the public", "answer_start": 987}, {"text": "a group of people,", "answer_span": "elected officials representing a group of people,", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "The public", "answer_span": "Representatives are elected by the public", "answer_start": 987}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the public", "answer_span": "Representatives are elected by the public", "answer_start": 987}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does representative democracy have another name?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy) ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "(also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy)", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy) ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it?", "answers": [{"text": "indirect democracy", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "indirect democracy", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "indirect democracy", "answer_span": "(also indirect democracy", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Indirect democracy", "answer_span": " indirect democracy", "answer_start": 30}], "orig_answer": {"text": "indirect democracy", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there different types of representative democracy?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "for example, the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. ", "answer_start": 310}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. ", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "is a type of democracy founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people, as opposed to direct democracy", "answer_start": 92}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "representative republic, or psephocracy", "answer_start": 51}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "for example, the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. ", "answer_start": 310}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do the UK and the USA share the same type?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. \n", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": ", the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. ", "answer_start": 321}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. ", "answer_start": 327}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic", "answer_start": 327}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic, and the United States is a federal republic. \n", "answer_start": 326}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what type does the UK have?", "answers": [{"text": "constitutional monarchy", "answer_span": " the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "a constitutional monarchy,", "answer_span": " United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, ", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "a constitutional monarchy", "answer_span": "United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy", "answer_start": 327}, {"text": "Constitutional monarchy", "answer_span": "United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy", "answer_start": 327}], "orig_answer": {"text": "constitutional monarchy", "answer_span": " the United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy", "answer_start": 322}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and what type does the USA have?", "answers": [{"text": "federal republic", "answer_span": "and the United States is a federal republic. \n", "answer_start": 417}, {"text": "federal republic.", "answer_span": " and the United States is a federal republic. ", "answer_start": 416}, {"text": "federal", "answer_span": "United States is a federal republic", "answer_start": 425}, {"text": "Federal republic", "answer_span": "United States is a federal republic", "answer_start": 425}], "orig_answer": {"text": "federal republic", "answer_span": "and the United States is a federal republic. \n", "answer_start": 417}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is power balanced?", "answers": [{"text": "constitutional constraints", "answer_span": "curtailed by constitutional constraints such as an upper chamber", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "by a constitution", "answer_span": "The power of representatives is usually curtailed by a constitution ", "answer_start": 1303}, {"text": "by a constitution", "answer_span": "by a constitution", "answer_start": 1353}, {"text": "A constitution", "answer_span": "The power of representatives is usually curtailed by a constitutio", "answer_start": 1303}], "orig_answer": {"text": "constitutional constraints", "answer_span": "curtailed by constitutional constraints such as an upper chamber", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what principle is it based on?", "answers": [{"text": "elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_span": "founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_span": " on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_span": "founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "a constitutional democracy or a constitutional monarchy", "answer_span": "a constitutional democracy or a constitutional monarchy", "answer_start": 1378}], "orig_answer": {"text": "elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_span": "founded on the principle of elected officials representing a group of people", "answer_start": 115}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what type does Ireland have?", "answers": [{"text": "unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_span": " Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "parliamentary republic", "answer_span": " Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_span": "Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 372}, {"text": "Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_span": " Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_span": " Ireland is a unitary parliamentary republic", "answer_start": 371}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who has a house of commons?", "answers": [{"text": "United Kingdom", "answer_span": "House of Commons (United Kingdom) ", "answer_start": 603}, {"text": "parliamentary and the presidential systems", "answer_span": "parliamentary and the presidential systems of government and is typically used in a lower chamber such as the House of Commons (United Kingdom)", "answer_start": 493}, {"text": "United Kingdom", "answer_span": "House of Commons (United Kingdom", "answer_start": 603}, {"text": "UK", "answer_span": " House of Commons (United Kingdom", "answer_start": 602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "United Kingdom", "answer_span": "House of Commons (United Kingdom) ", "answer_start": 603}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who has a Dail Eireann?", "answers": [{"text": "Republic of Ireland", "answer_span": " D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann (Republic of Ireland)", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "Republic of Ireland", "answer_span": "D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann (Republic of Ireland),", "answer_start": 640}, {"text": "Republic of Ireland", "answer_span": " D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann (Republic of Ireland", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "Republic of Ireland", "answer_span": " D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann (Republic of Ireland", "answer_start": 639}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Republic of Ireland", "answer_span": " D\u00e1il \u00c9ireann (Republic of Ireland)", "answer_start": 639}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many theorists are listed?", "answers": [{"text": "some political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg", "answer_span": " some political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg", "answer_start": 777}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " It has been described by some political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg as polyarchy", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg as polyarchy.", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg", "answer_start": 793}], "orig_answer": {"text": "some political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg", "answer_span": " some political theorists including Robert A. Dahl, Gregory Houston and Ian Liebenberg", "answer_start": 777}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it usually used in the lower or upper chamber?", "answers": [{"text": "lower", "answer_span": "is typically used in a lower chamber ", "answer_start": 554}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "lower", "answer_span": "typically used in a lower chamber", "answer_start": 557}, {"text": "Lower", "answer_span": " is typically used in a lower chamber", "answer_start": 553}], "orig_answer": {"text": "lower", "answer_span": "is typically used in a lower chamber ", "answer_start": 554}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is representative democracy the same as direct democracy?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " as opposed to direct democracy.", "answer_start": 192}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Representative democracy (also indirect democracy, representative republic, or psephocracy)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "as opposed to direct democracy", "answer_start": 193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " as opposed to direct democracy.", "answer_start": 192}, "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3olf68ytn91k33fat4axh34z0mqfab"}], "section_title": "Representative democracy", "background": "Representative democracy", "title": "Representative democracy"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger, putting alcohol on a cut, and bumping the \"funny bone\". Because it is a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge. The International Association for the Study of Pain's widely used definition states: \"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.\" In medical diagnosis, pain is a symptom. \n\nPain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries. It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning. Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness. In some arguments put forth in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia debates, pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.", "qas": [{"question": "Pain What type of feeling is caused by pain?", "answers": [{"text": "a distressing feeling", "answer_span": "a distressing feeling", "answer_start": 8}, {"text": "intense or damaging stimuli,", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "distressing", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "distressing", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a distressing feeling", "answer_span": "a distressing feeling", "answer_start": 8}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one type of stimuli that can trigger pain?", "answers": [{"text": "stubbing a toe", "answer_span": "stubbing a toe", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "damaging stimuli,", "answer_span": "damaging stimuli,", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "stubbing a toe,", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "stubbing a toe", "answer_span": " such as stubbing a toe", "answer_start": 74}], "orig_answer": {"text": "stubbing a toe", "answer_span": "stubbing a toe", "answer_start": 83}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another example of a stimuli?", "answers": [{"text": "putting alcohol on a cut", "answer_span": "putting alcohol on a cut", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "burning a finger,", "answer_span": " burning a finger,", "answer_start": 98}, {"text": "burning a finger,", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "burning a finger", "answer_span": "toe, burning a finger", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "putting alcohol on a cut", "answer_span": "putting alcohol on a cut", "answer_start": 117}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any more?", "answers": [{"text": "bumping the \"funny bone", "answer_span": "bumping the \"funny bone", "answer_start": 147}, {"text": "bumping the \"funny bone\".", "answer_span": "bumping the \"funny bone\". ", "answer_start": 147}, {"text": "burning a finger", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " and bumping the \"funny bone", "answer_start": 142}], "orig_answer": {"text": "bumping the \"funny bone", "answer_span": "bumping the \"funny bone", "answer_start": 147}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What types of stimuli cause these examples?", "answers": [{"text": "intense or damaging stimuli", "answer_span": " intense or damaging stimuli", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "damaging stimuli", "answer_span": "damaging stimuli, such as stubbing a toe, burning a finger, putting alcohol on a cut, and bumping the \"funny bone\". ", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "intense or damaging stimuli,", "answer_span": "Pain is a distressing feeling often caused by intense or damaging stimuli,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "intense or damaging", "answer_span": "by intense or damaging stimuli,", "answer_start": 43}], "orig_answer": {"text": "intense or damaging stimuli", "answer_span": " intense or damaging stimuli", "answer_start": 45}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the reason for most doctor visits?", "answers": [{"text": "Pain", "answer_span": "Pain", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "Pain", "answer_span": "Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "Pain", "answer_span": "Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "Pain", "answer_span": "Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation", "answer_start": 531}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pain", "answer_span": "Pain", "answer_start": 531}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can pain interfere with?", "answers": [{"text": "a person's quality of life and general functioning", "answer_span": "a person's quality of life and general functioning", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "quality of life", "answer_span": "s a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life ", "answer_start": 622}, {"text": "quality of life and general functioning", "answer_span": " It is a major symptom in many medical conditions, and can interfere with a person's quality of life and general functioning", "answer_start": 617}, {"text": "a person's quality of life", "answer_span": "and can interfere with a person's quality of life ", "answer_start": 668}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a person's quality of life and general functioning", "answer_span": "a person's quality of life and general functioning", "answer_start": 691}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is pain the biggest reason to see a doctor?", "answers": [{"text": "in most developed countries", "answer_span": " in most developed countries", "answer_start": 588}, {"text": "developed countries", "answer_span": "Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "most developed countries.", "answer_span": "Pain is the most common reason for physician consultation in most developed countries.", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "in most developed countries", "answer_span": "for physician consultation in most developed countries", "answer_start": 562}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in most developed countries", "answer_span": " in most developed countries", "answer_start": 588}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one psychological factor affecting pain intensity?", "answers": [{"text": "Social Support", "answer_span": " Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's inte", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "social support", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness", "answer_start": 743}, {"text": "social support", "answer_span": " Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "social support", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support", "answer_start": 743}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Social Support", "answer_span": " Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's inte", "answer_start": 742}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you name another?", "answers": [{"text": "hypnotic suggestion", "answer_span": "hypnotic suggestion", "answer_start": 789}, {"text": "hypnotic suggestion", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion", "answer_start": 743}, {"text": "hypnotic suggestion", "answer_span": " Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion", "answer_start": 743}], "orig_answer": {"text": "hypnotic suggestion", "answer_span": "hypnotic suggestion", "answer_start": 789}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else?", "answers": [{"text": "excitement", "answer_span": "excitement", "answer_start": 810}, {"text": "excitement,", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, ", "answer_start": 743}, {"text": "excitement", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement", "answer_start": 743}, {"text": "excitement", "answer_span": "suggestion, excitement", "answer_start": 798}], "orig_answer": {"text": "excitement", "answer_span": "excitement", "answer_start": 810}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any more?", "answers": [{"text": "distraction", "answer_span": " distraction", "answer_start": 824}, {"text": "distraction", "answer_span": "Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction ", "answer_start": 743}, {"text": "distraction", "answer_span": " Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "excitement, or distraction", "answer_start": 810}], "orig_answer": {"text": "distraction", "answer_span": " distraction", "answer_start": 824}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Aside from pain intensity what do they affect?", "answers": [{"text": "unpleasantness", "answer_span": "unpleasantness", "answer_start": 882}, {"text": "Psychological factors", "answer_span": " Psychological factors such as social support, hypnotic suggestion, excitement, or distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness.", "answer_start": 742}, {"text": "unpleasantness.", "answer_span": "distraction can significantly affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness.", "answer_start": 825}, {"text": "unpleasantness", "answer_span": " affect pain's intensity or unpleasantness", "answer_start": 854}], "orig_answer": {"text": "unpleasantness", "answer_span": "unpleasantness", "answer_start": 882}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is pain considered in medical diagnosis?", "answers": [{"text": "a symptom", "answer_span": "a symptom", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "a symptom.", "answer_span": "n medical diagnosis, pain is a symptom. ", "answer_start": 489}, {"text": "a symptom.", "answer_span": " In medical diagnosis, pain is a symptom. \n", "answer_start": 487}, {"text": "a symptom", "answer_span": "medical diagnosis, pain is a symptom", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a symptom", "answer_span": "a symptom", "answer_start": 518}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the Study of Pain's definition?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience", "answer_span": "\"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience ", "answer_start": 342}, {"text": "\"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.\"", "answer_span": "definition states: \"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.\"", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.\"", "answer_span": " Study of Pain's widely used definition states: \"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage.\"", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage", "answer_span": "Study of Pain's widely used definition states: \"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage", "answer_start": 295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience", "answer_span": "\"Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience ", "answer_start": 342}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Has it been easy to come up with a definition?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "defining pain has been a challenge.", "answer_start": 221}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "defining pain has been a challenge.", "answer_start": 221}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " defining pain has been a challenge.", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Because it is a complex, subjective phenomenon, defining pain has been a challenge", "answer_start": 173}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "defining pain has been a challenge.", "answer_start": 221}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can pain be used to end someone's life?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": ", pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.", "answer_start": 977}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "In some arguments put forth in physician-assisted suicide or euthanasia debates, pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.", "answer_start": 898}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.", "answer_start": 979}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": ", pain has been used as an argument to permit terminally ill patients to end their lives.", "answer_start": 977}, "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3tgoyf991xmt1uqyuymn34hwh1euuw"}], "section_title": "Pain", "background": "Pain", "title": "Pain"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great. Ranging at its greatest extent from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east, it was one of the largest empires in history, spanning 5.5 million square kilometers, and was larger than any previous empire in history. It is equally notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings), for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system, the use of an official language across its territories, and the development of civil services and a large professional army. The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires. It is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars and for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. \n\nBy the 7th century BC, the Persians had settled in the southwestern portion of the Iranian Plateau in the region of Persis, which came to be their . From this region, Cyrus the Great advanced to defeat the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire, establishing the Achaemenid Empire. Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great, conquered most of the empire by 330 BC. Upon his death, most of the empire's former territory came under the rule of the Ptolemaic Kingdom and Seleucid Empire, in addition to other minor territories which gained independence at that time. The Iranian population of the central plateau reclaimed power by the second century BC under the Parthian Empire.", "qas": [{"question": "Achaemenid Empire What's another name for the First Persian Empire?", "answers": [{"text": "The Achaemenid Empire", "answer_span": "The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Achaemenid Empire", "answer_span": "The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Achaemenid Empire", "answer_span": "The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Achaemenid Empire", "answer_span": "The Achaemenid Empire,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Achaemenid Empire", "answer_span": "The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who founded it?", "answers": [{"text": "Cyrus the Great", "answer_span": " founded by Cyrus the Great.", "answer_start": 97}, {"text": "Cyrus the Great", "answer_span": "The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Cyrus the Great.", "answer_span": "the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "Cyrus the Great.", "answer_span": "Cyrus the Great.", "answer_start": 109}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cyrus the Great", "answer_span": " founded by Cyrus the Great.", "answer_start": 97}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By when had Persians settled in the southwestern portion of the Iranian plateau?", "answers": [{"text": "the 7th century BC", "answer_span": "By the 7th century BC, the Persians had settled in the southwestern portion of the Iranian Plateau", "answer_start": 944}, {"text": "By the 7th century BC", "answer_span": "By the 7th century BC, the Persians had settled in the southwestern portion of the Iranian Plateau", "answer_start": 944}, {"text": "7th century BC", "answer_span": "By the 7th century BC, the Persians had settled in the southwestern portion of the Iranian Plateau", "answer_start": 944}, {"text": "the 7th century BC", "answer_span": "the 7th century BC", "answer_start": 947}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the 7th century BC", "answer_span": "By the 7th century BC, the Persians had settled in the southwestern portion of the Iranian Plateau", "answer_start": 944}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did Cyrus the Great defeat from there?", "answers": [{"text": "the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_span": "Cyrus the Great advanced to defeat the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_span": " Cyrus the Great advanced to defeat the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_start": 1110}, {"text": "The Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire,", "answer_span": "Cyrus the Great advanced to defeat the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire,", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_span": "the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_start": 1146}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_span": "Cyrus the Great advanced to defeat the Medes, Lydia, and the Neo-Babylonian Empire", "answer_start": 1111}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did Alexander the Great admire?", "answers": [{"text": "Cyrus the Great", "answer_span": " Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great", "answer_start": 1230}, {"text": "Alexander the Great", "answer_span": "Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great", "answer_start": 1231}, {"text": "Cyrus the Great,", "answer_span": "Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great,", "answer_start": 1231}, {"text": "Cyrus", "answer_span": "Cyrus ", "answer_start": 1271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cyrus the Great", "answer_span": " Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great", "answer_start": 1230}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By when did Alexander conquer most of the empire?", "answers": [{"text": "by 330 BC", "answer_span": " Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great, conquered most of the empire by 330 BC", "answer_start": 1230}, {"text": "330 BC", "answer_span": "Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great, conquered most of the empire by 330 BC", "answer_start": 1231}, {"text": "By 330 BC.", "answer_span": " conquered most of the empire by 330 BC.", "answer_start": 1287}, {"text": "330 BC", "answer_span": "330 BC", "answer_start": 1320}], "orig_answer": {"text": "by 330 BC", "answer_span": " Alexander the Great, an avid admirer of Cyrus the Great, conquered most of the empire by 330 BC", "answer_start": 1230}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was that empire one of the largest in history?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " it was one of the largest empires in history", "answer_start": 244}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " it was one of the largest empires in history,", "answer_start": 244}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "it was one of the largest empires in history, spanning 5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_start": 245}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": ", it was one of the largest empires in history", "answer_start": 243}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " it was one of the largest empires in history", "answer_start": 244}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it extend to in the east?", "answers": [{"text": "the Indus Valley", "answer_span": "the Indus Valley in the east", "answer_start": 215}, {"text": "to the Indus Valley", "answer_span": " to the Indus Valley in the east", "answer_start": 211}, {"text": "The Indus Valley", "answer_span": "anging at its greatest extent from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east,", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "the Indus Valley", "answer_span": "the Indus Valley", "answer_start": 215}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Indus Valley", "answer_span": "the Indus Valley in the east", "answer_start": 215}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And in the west?", "answers": [{"text": "the Balkans and Eastern Europe", "answer_span": " the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west", "answer_start": 161}, {"text": "the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper", "answer_span": "from the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper", "answer_start": 157}, {"text": "The Balkans and Eastern Europe", "answer_span": "he Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west to the Indus Valley in the east", "answer_start": 163}, {"text": "the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper", "answer_span": " the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper", "answer_start": 161}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Balkans and Eastern Europe", "answer_span": " the Balkans and Eastern Europe proper in the west", "answer_start": 161}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many kilometers was it?", "answers": [{"text": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_span": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_span": "spanning 5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_start": 291}, {"text": "5.5 million square kilometers,", "answer_span": "spanning 5.5 million square kilometers,", "answer_start": 291}, {"text": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_span": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_start": 300}], "orig_answer": {"text": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_span": "5.5 million square kilometers", "answer_start": 300}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of administration is it notable for?", "answers": [{"text": "centralised and bureaucratic", "answer_span": "a centralised, bureaucratic administration", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "centralised, bureaucratic administration", "answer_span": "It is equally notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration", "answer_start": 383}, {"text": "Centralised", "answer_span": " It is equally notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration", "answer_start": 382}, {"text": "a centralised, bureaucratic administration", "answer_span": "a centralised, bureaucratic administration ", "answer_start": 433}], "orig_answer": {"text": "centralised and bureaucratic", "answer_span": "a centralised, bureaucratic administration", "answer_start": 433}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Through what?", "answers": [{"text": "satraps under the King of Kings", "answer_span": "(through satraps under the King of Kings", "answer_start": 476}, {"text": "satraps", "answer_span": "(through satraps under the King of Kings", "answer_start": 476}, {"text": "Satraps", "answer_span": " centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings),", "answer_start": 434}, {"text": "satraps", "answer_span": "satraps ", "answer_start": 485}], "orig_answer": {"text": "satraps under the King of Kings", "answer_span": "(through satraps under the King of Kings", "answer_start": 476}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one kind of infrastructure they built?", "answers": [{"text": "road systems", "answer_span": " building infrastructure such as road systems", "answer_start": 522}, {"text": "road systems", "answer_span": "for building infrastructure such as road systems", "answer_start": 519}, {"text": "Road systems.", "answer_span": "for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system", "answer_start": 519}, {"text": "road systems", "answer_span": "road systems", "answer_start": 555}], "orig_answer": {"text": "road systems", "answer_span": " building infrastructure such as road systems", "answer_start": 522}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you name another?", "answers": [{"text": "a postal system", "answer_span": "infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system", "answer_start": 532}, {"text": "a postal system", "answer_span": " for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "A postal system.", "answer_span": " It is equally notable for its successful model of a centralised, bureaucratic administration (through satraps under the King of Kings), for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system", "answer_start": 382}, {"text": "a postal system", "answer_span": " a postal system", "answer_start": 571}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a postal system", "answer_span": "infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system", "answer_start": 532}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And yet another?", "answers": [{"text": "civil services", "answer_span": " civil services", "answer_start": 667}, {"text": "the use of an official language across its territories", "answer_span": "the use of an official language across its territories", "answer_start": 589}, {"text": "Use of an official language.", "answer_span": "for building infrastructure such as road systems and a postal system, the use of an official language across its territories", "answer_start": 519}, {"text": "the use of an official language across its territories", "answer_span": " the use of an official language across its territories", "answer_start": 588}], "orig_answer": {"text": "civil services", "answer_span": " civil services", "answer_start": 667}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And one more?", "answers": [{"text": "a large professional army", "answer_span": "a large professional army", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "the development of civil services", "answer_span": "the development of civil services", "answer_start": 649}, {"text": "A professional army.", "answer_span": "the use of an official language across its territories, and the development of civil services and a large professional army", "answer_start": 589}, {"text": "a large professional army.", "answer_span": "a large professional army.", "answer_start": 687}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a large professional army", "answer_span": "a large professional army", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was it the antagonist for?", "answers": [{"text": "the Greek city-states", "answer_span": "the antagonist of the Greek city-states", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "the Greek city-states", "answer_span": "It is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states", "answer_start": 780}, {"text": "Greek city-states", "answer_span": " It is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars", "answer_start": 779}, {"text": "the Greek city-states", "answer_span": "the Greek city-states ", "answer_start": 832}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Greek city-states", "answer_span": "the antagonist of the Greek city-states", "answer_start": 814}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it known for emancipation?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. ", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is noted in Western history as the antagonist of the Greek city-states during the Greco-Persian Wars and for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. ", "answer_start": 780}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. ", "answer_start": 892}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon", "answer_start": 891}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Of whom?", "answers": [{"text": "the Jewish exiles in Babylon", "answer_span": " the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "Jewish exiles", "answer_span": "for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. ", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "Jewish exiles", "answer_span": "the Greco-Persian Wars and for the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon. ", "answer_start": 861}, {"text": "the Jewish exiles in Babylon.", "answer_span": "the Jewish exiles in Babylon. ", "answer_start": 912}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Jewish exiles in Babylon", "answer_span": " the emancipation of the Jewish exiles in Babylon", "answer_start": 891}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did its sucesses inspire later empires?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires.", "answer_start": 714}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires", "answer_start": 714}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires.", "answer_start": 714}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The empire's successes inspired similar systems in later empires.", "answer_start": 714}, "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "31q0u3wydpfbumn4f2jsiayfy1871c"}], "section_title": "Achaemenid Empire", "background": "Achaemenid Empire", "title": "Achaemenid Empire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths. In 2011, the population was 88,859. Bath is in the valley of the River Avon, west of London and south-east of Bristol. The city became a World Heritage Site in 1987. \n\nThe city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. \n\nBath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre; the building was rebuilt in the 12th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century, claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs, and Bath became popular as a spa town in the Georgian era. Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms where Beau Nash presided over the city's social life from 1705 until his death in 1761. Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood, the Elder, and in the 18th century the city became fashionable and the population grew. Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century. Further building was undertaken in the 19th century and following the Bath Blitz in World War II.", "qas": [{"question": "Bath, Somerset What city hit 88,859 population in 2011?", "answers": [{"text": "Bath", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths. In 2011, the population was 88,859. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bath", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths. In 2011, the population was 88,859", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bath", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths. In 2011, the population was 88,859", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Bath", "answer_span": "Bath ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bath", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England, known for its Roman-built baths. In 2011, the population was 88,859. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What county is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Somerset, England,", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Somerset", "answer_span": "the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Somerset", "answer_span": "Somerset", "answer_start": 60}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Somerset, England,", "answer_span": "Bath ( or ) is the largest city in the ceremonial county of Somerset, England,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there a church there?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. ", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. ", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. ", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Bath Abbey", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "Bath Abbey", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey ", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "Bath Abbey", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre;", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "Bath Abbey", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bath Abbey", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And when was it established?", "answers": [{"text": "in the 7th century", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "in the 7th century", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "the 7th century", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "the 7th century", "answer_span": "the 7th century", "answer_start": 507}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the 7th century", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have any interesting features?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " In the 17th century, claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs, and Bath became popular as a spa town in the Georgian era. Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms", "answer_start": 610}, {"text": "Its spring water is known for the curative properties", "answer_span": "In the 17th century, claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs,", "answer_start": 611}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Bath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre; the building was rebuilt in the 12th and 16th centuries", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " In the 17th century, claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs, and Bath became popular as a spa town in the Georgian era. Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms", "answer_start": 610}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the liquid from the nearby sea?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "water from the springs,", "answer_start": 680}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "aims were made for the curative properties of water from the spring", "answer_start": 634}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "water from the springs", "answer_start": 680}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where, then?", "answers": [{"text": "water from the springs", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "from springs", "answer_span": " water from the springs", "answer_start": 679}, {"text": "the springs", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "water from the springs", "answer_span": "water from the springs", "answer_start": 680}], "orig_answer": {"text": "water from the springs", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it claimed to be psychedelic?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 657}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs,", "answer_start": 631}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "curative ", "answer_start": 657}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What makes it special, then?", "answers": [{"text": "curative properties", "answer_span": "\nBath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre; the building was rebuilt in the 12th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century, claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs, and Bath became popular as a spa town in the Georgian era. Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms where Beau Nash presided over the city's social life from 1705 until his death in 1761. Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood, the Elder, and in the 18th century the city became fashionable and the population grew. Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century. Further building was undertaken in the 19th century and following the Bath Blitz in World War II.", "answer_start": 480}, {"text": "its curative properties", "answer_span": "or the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 650}, {"text": "curative properties", "answer_span": ", claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "the curative properties", "answer_span": "the curative properties", "answer_start": 653}], "orig_answer": {"text": "curative properties", "answer_span": "\nBath Abbey was founded in the 7th century and became a religious centre; the building was rebuilt in the 12th and 16th centuries. In the 17th century, claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs, and Bath became popular as a spa town in the Georgian era. Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms where Beau Nash presided over the city's social life from 1705 until his death in 1761. Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood, the Elder, and in the 18th century the city became fashionable and the population grew. Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century. Further building was undertaken in the 19th century and following the Bath Blitz in World War II.", "answer_start": 480}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are these healing liquids called?", "answers": [{"text": "water", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "\"the waters of Sulis\"", "answer_span": " with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\"", "answer_start": 301}, {"text": "hot springs", "answer_span": "AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. ", "answer_start": 349}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "water", "answer_span": "claims were made for the curative properties of water from the springs", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they have a title from a different language?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "he city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\"", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "spa with the Latin name ", "answer_start": 298}, {"text": "the waters of Sulis", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") ", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\")", "answer_start": 307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "he city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\"", "answer_start": 281}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it?", "answers": [{"text": "\"the waters of Sulis\"", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "the waters of Sulis", "answer_span": "the waters of Sulis", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "the waters of Sulis", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\")", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "the waters of Sulis", "answer_span": "the waters of Sulis", "answer_start": 326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"the waters of Sulis\"", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What time in history did this place become popular?", "answers": [{"text": "AD\u00a060", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 ", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "the Romans era", "answer_span": " city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple ", "answer_start": 283}, {"text": "the 18th century", "answer_span": "and in the 18th century the city became fashionable and the population grew.", "answer_start": 1037}, {"text": "the 17th century", "answer_span": " the 17th century", "answer_start": 613}], "orig_answer": {"text": "AD\u00a060", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 ", "answer_start": 280}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many types of architectural features come from stones from this place?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms ", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms", "answer_start": 763}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms where Beau Nash presided ", "answer_start": 763}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "Georgian architecture, crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms", "answer_start": 763}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "crafted from Bath stone, includes the Royal Crescent, Circus, Pump Room, and Assembly Rooms ", "answer_start": 786}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Has anyone really famous resided there?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Jane Austen lived in Bath", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century. ", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century", "answer_start": 1113}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Jane Austen", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Jane Austen lived in Bath", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who?", "answers": [{"text": "Jane Austen", "answer_span": "Jane Austen lived in Bath", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "Jane Austen", "answer_span": "Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "Jane Austen", "answer_span": " Jane Austen lived in Bath in the early 19th century", "answer_start": 1113}, {"text": "Jane Austen", "answer_span": "Jane Austen", "answer_start": 1114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jane Austen", "answer_span": "Jane Austen lived in Bath", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it become fashionable to live here:", "answers": [{"text": "in the 18th century", "answer_span": " and in the 18th century the city became fashionable", "answer_start": 1036}, {"text": "in the 18th century", "answer_span": "and in the 18th century the city became fashionable and the population grew.", "answer_start": 1037}, {"text": "in the 18th century", "answer_span": " in the 18th century the city became fashionable and the population grew.", "answer_start": 1040}, {"text": "the 18th century", "answer_span": "the 18th century", "answer_start": 1044}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the 18th century", "answer_span": " and in the 18th century the city became fashionable", "answer_start": 1036}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And did anyone have a big hand in how it's laid out?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood, the Elder", "answer_start": 966}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood, the Elder,", "answer_start": 966}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city became a spa with the Latin name \" (\"the waters of Sulis\") \u00a0AD\u00a060 when the Romans built baths and a temple in the valley of the River Avon, although hot springs were known even before then. \n", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood", "answer_start": 966}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many of the streets and squares were laid out by John Wood, the Elder", "answer_start": 966}, "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3txwc2nhnzqf2par7iwws7cujqfs9x"}], "section_title": "Bath, Somerset", "background": "Bath, Somerset", "title": "Bath, Somerset"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themselves. Education can take place in formal or informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational. The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy. \n\nAfter the Fall of Rome, the Catholic Church became the sole preserver of literate scholarship in Western Europe. The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages as centers of advanced education. Some of these establishments ultimately evolved into medieval universities and forebears of many of Europe's modern universities. During the High Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral operated the famous and influential Chartres Cathedral School. The medieval universities of Western Christendom were well-integrated across all of Western Europe, encouraged freedom of inquiry, and produced a great variety of fine scholars and natural philosophers, including Thomas Aquinas of the University of Naples, Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford, an early expositor of a systematic method of scientific experimentation, and Saint Albert the Great, a pioneer of biological field research. Founded in 1088, the University of Bologne is considered the first, and the oldest continually operating university.", "qas": [{"question": "Education What is considered the 1st and oldest university?", "answers": [{"text": "University of Bologne,", "answer_span": "University of Bologne is considered the first,", "answer_start": 1469}, {"text": "the University of Bologne", "answer_span": " the University of Bologne is considered the first, and the oldest continually operating university", "answer_start": 1464}, {"text": "the University of Bologne", "answer_span": "the University of Bologne", "answer_start": 1465}, {"text": "University of Bologne", "answer_span": "University of Bologne", "answer_start": 1469}], "orig_answer": {"text": "University of Bologne,", "answer_span": "University of Bologne is considered the first,", "answer_start": 1469}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1088,", "answer_span": "Founded in 1088,", "answer_start": 1448}, {"text": "1088", "answer_span": "Founded in 1088, the University of Bologne", "answer_start": 1448}, {"text": "1088", "answer_span": "1088", "answer_start": 1459}, {"text": "1088", "answer_span": "1088", "answer_start": 1459}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1088,", "answer_span": "Founded in 1088,", "answer_start": 1448}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "After Rome fell, who was the only preserver of literate scholarship in Western Europe?", "answers": [{"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "After the Fall of Rome, the Catholic Church became the sole preserver", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "After the Fall of Rome, the Catholic Church became the sole preserver of literate scholarship in Western Europe", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "the Catholic Church ", "answer_start": 572}, {"text": "Catholic Church", "answer_span": "Catholic Church ", "answer_start": 576}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Catholic Church", "answer_span": "After the Fall of Rome, the Catholic Church became the sole preserver", "answer_start": 548}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the methodology of teaching called?", "answers": [{"text": "pedagogy.", "answer_span": "The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy. \n", "answer_start": 498}, {"text": "pedagogy", "answer_span": "The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy", "answer_start": 498}, {"text": "pedagogy", "answer_span": "pedagogy", "answer_start": 536}, {"text": "pedagogy", "answer_span": "pedagogy", "answer_start": 536}], "orig_answer": {"text": "pedagogy.", "answer_span": "The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy. \n", "answer_start": 498}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is education?", "answers": [{"text": "the process of facilitating learning", "answer_span": "Education is the process of facilitating learnin", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the process of facilitating learning", "answer_span": "Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the process of facilitating learning", "answer_span": "the process of facilitating learning", "answer_start": 13}, {"text": "the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits", "answer_span": "the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits", "answer_start": 13}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the process of facilitating learning", "answer_span": "Education is the process of facilitating learnin", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the church make cathedral schools?", "answers": [{"text": "in the Early Middle Ages", "answer_span": "The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages ", "answer_start": 661}, {"text": "in the Early Middle Ages", "answer_span": "The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages", "answer_start": 661}, {"text": "the Early Middle Ages", "answer_span": "the Early Middle Ages", "answer_start": 705}, {"text": "the Early Middle Ages", "answer_span": "the Early Middle Ages", "answer_start": 705}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the Early Middle Ages", "answer_span": "The church established cathedral schools in the Early Middle Ages ", "answer_start": 661}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What school did Thomas Aquinas come from?", "answers": [{"text": "the University of Naples", "answer_span": "including Thomas Aquinas of the University of Naples", "answer_start": 1205}, {"text": "the University of Naples", "answer_span": "Thomas Aquinas of the University of Naples", "answer_start": 1215}, {"text": "the University of Naples", "answer_span": "the University of Naples", "answer_start": 1233}, {"text": "University of Naples", "answer_span": "University of Naples", "answer_start": 1237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the University of Naples", "answer_span": "including Thomas Aquinas of the University of Naples", "answer_start": 1205}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which well known philosopher came from the University of Oxford?", "answers": [{"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford", "answer_start": 1259}, {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford", "answer_start": 1259}, {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": " Robert Grosseteste", "answer_start": 1258}, {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_start": 1259}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford", "answer_start": 1259}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was Saint Albert the Great?", "answers": [{"text": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_span": " Saint Albert the Great, a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_start": 1383}, {"text": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_span": "Saint Albert the Great, a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_start": 1384}, {"text": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_span": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_start": 1408}, {"text": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_span": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_start": 1408}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_span": " Saint Albert the Great, a pioneer of biological field research", "answer_start": 1383}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are some educational methods?", "answers": [{"text": "storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "answer_span": "Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "storytelling, discussion", "answer_span": "Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research", "answer_start": 121}, {"text": "storytelling", "answer_span": "storytelling", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research", "answer_span": "storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "answer_span": "Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research.", "answer_start": 121}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During what time did Chartres Cathedral operate the Chartres Cathedral School?", "answers": [{"text": "During the High Middle Ages", "answer_span": " During the High Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral operated the famous and influential Chartres Cathedral School.", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "During the High Middle Ages", "answer_span": "During the High Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral operated the famous and influential Chartres Cathedral School", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "the High Middle Ages", "answer_span": "the High Middle Ages", "answer_start": 898}, {"text": "High Middle Ages", "answer_span": "High Middle Ages", "answer_start": 902}], "orig_answer": {"text": "During the High Middle Ages", "answer_span": " During the High Middle Ages, Chartres Cathedral operated the famous and influential Chartres Cathedral School.", "answer_start": 890}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can education also be self taught?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "but learners may also educate themselves.", "answer_start": 284}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "but learners may also educate themselves", "answer_start": 284}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "may also educate themselves", "answer_start": 297}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "but learners may also educate themselves", "answer_start": 284}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "but learners may also educate themselves.", "answer_start": 284}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did the medieval universities of Western Europe encourage??", "answers": [{"text": "freedom of inquiry,", "answer_span": "The medieval universities of Western Christendom were well-integrated across all of Western Europe, encouraged freedom of inquiry,", "answer_start": 1002}, {"text": "freedom of inquiry", "answer_span": "encouraged freedom of inquiry", "answer_start": 1102}, {"text": "freedom of inquiry", "answer_span": "freedom of inquiry", "answer_start": 1113}, {"text": "freedom of inquiry", "answer_span": " freedom of inquiry", "answer_start": 1112}], "orig_answer": {"text": "freedom of inquiry,", "answer_span": "The medieval universities of Western Christendom were well-integrated across all of Western Europe, encouraged freedom of inquiry,", "answer_start": 1002}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was an early expositor of a systematic method of scientific experimentation?", "answers": [{"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": " Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford, an early expositor of a systematic method ", "answer_start": 1258}, {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford, an early expositor of a systematic method of scientific experimentation", "answer_start": 1259}, {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_start": 1259}, {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_start": 1259}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Robert Grosseteste", "answer_span": " Robert Grosseteste of the University of Oxford, an early expositor of a systematic method ", "answer_start": 1258}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels or acts be called?", "answers": [{"text": "education", "answer_span": "ormative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational", "answer_start": 413}, {"text": "educational", "answer_span": "any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational", "answer_start": 386}, {"text": "educational", "answer_span": "educational", "answer_start": 485}, {"text": "educational", "answer_span": "educational", "answer_start": 485}], "orig_answer": {"text": "education", "answer_span": "ormative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or acts may be considered educational", "answer_start": 413}, "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3vj40nv2qinjocrcy7k4z235g0ktoq"}], "section_title": "Education", "background": "Education", "title": "Education"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "An atoll (, , , , or ), sometimes called a coral atoll, is a ring-shaped coral reef including a coral rim that encircles a lagoon partially or completely. There may be coral islands/cays on the rim. The coral of the atoll often sits atop the rim of an extinct seamount or volcano which has eroded or subsided partially beneath the water. The lagoon forms over the volcanic crater or caldera while the higher rim remains above water or at shallow depths that permit the coral to grow and form the reefs. For the atoll to persist, continued erosion or subsidence must be at a rate slow enough to permit reef growth upwards and outwards to replace the lost height. \n\nThe word \"atoll\" comes from the Dhivehi (an Indo-Aryan language spoken on the Maldive Islands) word \"atholhu\" (Dhivehi: , ), meaning an administrative subdivision. Its first recorded use in English was in 1625 as \"atollon\" \u2013 Charles Darwin recognized its indigenous origin and coined, in his \"The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs\", the definition of atolls as \"circular groups of coral islets\" that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\". \n\nMore modern definitions of \"atoll\" describe them as \"annular reefs enclosing a lagoon in which there are no promontories other than reefs and islets composed of reef detritus\" or \"in an exclusively morphological sense, [as] a ring-shaped ribbon reef enclosing a lagoon\".", "qas": [{"question": "Atoll what kind of coral reef is discussed?", "answers": [{"text": "a coral atoll", "answer_span": " a coral atoll, is a ring-shaped coral reef", "answer_start": 40}, {"text": "An atoll", "answer_span": "An atoll", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "atoll", "answer_span": "An atoll (, , , , or ), sometimes called a coral atoll", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "An atoll", "answer_span": "An atoll", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a coral atoll", "answer_span": " a coral atoll, is a ring-shaped coral reef", "answer_start": 40}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what shape is it?", "answers": [{"text": "a ring", "answer_span": "is a ring-shaped coral reef", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "Ring shaped", "answer_span": "ometimes called a coral atoll, is a ring-shaped coral reef", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "ring-shaped", "answer_span": "is a ring-shaped coral reef", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "ring-shaped", "answer_span": "ring-shaped ", "answer_start": 61}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a ring", "answer_span": "is a ring-shaped coral reef", "answer_start": 56}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is another attribute?", "answers": [{"text": "it encircles a lagoon", "answer_span": "that encircles a lagoon", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "that encircles a lagoon partially or completely", "answer_span": "that encircles a lagoon partially or completely", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "cays on the rim", "answer_span": "There may be coral islands/cays on the rim", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "a coral rim that encircles a lagoon partially", "answer_span": "a coral rim that encircles a lagoon partially", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it encircles a lagoon", "answer_span": "that encircles a lagoon", "answer_start": 106}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is the coral?", "answers": [{"text": "atop the rim", "answer_span": "The coral of the atoll often sits atop the rim of an extinct seamount", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "rim of an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_span": "The coral of the atoll often sits atop the rim of an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "atop the rim", "answer_span": "The coral of the atoll often sits atop the rim", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "atop the rim", "answer_span": " atop the rim", "answer_start": 232}], "orig_answer": {"text": "atop the rim", "answer_span": "The coral of the atoll often sits atop the rim of an extinct seamount", "answer_start": 199}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "of what?", "answers": [{"text": "an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_span": "the rim of an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_start": 238}, {"text": "extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_span": "re may be coral islands/cays on the rim. The coral of the atoll often sits atop the rim of an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_start": 158}, {"text": "an extinct seamount", "answer_span": "atop the rim of an extinct seamount ", "answer_start": 233}, {"text": "an extinct seamount", "answer_span": "an extinct seamount", "answer_start": 249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_span": "the rim of an extinct seamount or volcano", "answer_start": 238}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "above the water?", "answers": [{"text": "partially", "answer_span": "or subsided partially beneath the water", "answer_start": 297}, {"text": "partially beneath the water.", "answer_span": "which has eroded or subsided partially beneath the water.", "answer_start": 280}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " subsided partially beneath the water", "answer_start": 299}, {"text": "partially beneath", "answer_span": "partially beneath", "answer_start": 309}], "orig_answer": {"text": "partially", "answer_span": "or subsided partially beneath the water", "answer_start": 297}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what language does atoll come from?", "answers": [{"text": "Dhivehi", "answer_span": "\"atoll\" comes from the Dhivehi ", "answer_start": 673}, {"text": "Dhivehi", "answer_span": "The word \"atoll\" comes from the Dhivehi ", "answer_start": 664}, {"text": "Dhivehi", "answer_span": "The word \"atoll\" comes from the Dhivehi", "answer_start": 664}, {"text": "Dhivehi", "answer_span": "Dhivehi ", "answer_start": 696}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dhivehi", "answer_span": "\"atoll\" comes from the Dhivehi ", "answer_start": 673}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what word is it derived from?", "answers": [{"text": "\"atholhu\"", "answer_span": "from the Dhivehi (an Indo-Aryan language spoken on the Maldive Islands) word \"atholhu\"", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "\"atholhu\"", "answer_span": " \"atholhu\" (Dhivehi:", "answer_start": 763}, {"text": "atholhu", "answer_span": "word \"atholhu\"", "answer_start": 759}, {"text": "atholhu", "answer_span": "atholhu", "answer_start": 765}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"atholhu\"", "answer_span": "from the Dhivehi (an Indo-Aryan language spoken on the Maldive Islands) word \"atholhu\"", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does that mean?", "answers": [{"text": "an administrative subdivision", "answer_span": "meaning an administrative subdivision", "answer_start": 789}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "an administrative subdivision", "answer_span": "atholhu\" (Dhivehi: , ), meaning an administrative subdivision", "answer_start": 765}, {"text": "an administrative subdivision", "answer_span": " an administrative subdivision", "answer_start": 796}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an administrative subdivision", "answer_span": "meaning an administrative subdivision", "answer_start": 789}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is that language spoken?", "answers": [{"text": "the Maldive Islands", "answer_span": "spoken on the Maldive Islands", "answer_start": 728}, {"text": "(an Indo-Aryan language spoken on the Maldive Islands", "answer_span": "(an Indo-Aryan language spoken on the Maldive Islands", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "on the Maldive Islands", "answer_span": "an Indo-Aryan language spoken on the Maldive Islands", "answer_start": 705}, {"text": "the Maldive Islands", "answer_span": "the Maldive Islands", "answer_start": 738}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Maldive Islands", "answer_span": "spoken on the Maldive Islands", "answer_start": 728}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is a modern meaning of atoll?", "answers": [{"text": "annular reefs enclosing a lagoon", "answer_span": "modern definitions of \"atoll\" describe them as \"annular reefs enclosing a lagoon", "answer_start": 1115}, {"text": "\"annular reefs enclosing a lagoon", "answer_span": "atoll\" describe them as \"annular reefs enclosing a lagoon ", "answer_start": 1138}, {"text": "annular reefs enclosing a lagoon in which there are no promontories other than reefs and islets composed of reef detritus\"", "answer_span": " modern definitions of \"atoll\" describe them as \"annular reefs enclosing a lagoon in which there are no promontories other than reefs and islets composed of reef detritus\"", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "circular groups of coral islets", "answer_span": "circular groups of coral islets", "answer_start": 1034}], "orig_answer": {"text": "annular reefs enclosing a lagoon", "answer_span": "modern definitions of \"atoll\" describe them as \"annular reefs enclosing a lagoon", "answer_start": 1115}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it first used in English?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1625", "answer_span": "Its first recorded use in English was in 1625", "answer_start": 828}, {"text": "1625", "answer_span": " Its first recorded use in English was in 1625 as \"atollon", "answer_start": 827}, {"text": "1625", "answer_span": " Its first recorded use in English was in 1625", "answer_start": 827}, {"text": "1625", "answer_span": "1625 ", "answer_start": 869}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1625", "answer_span": "Its first recorded use in English was in 1625", "answer_start": 828}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by who?", "answers": [{"text": "Charles Darwin", "answer_span": "Charles Darwin", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "Charles Darwin", "answer_span": " meaning an administrative subdivision. Its first recorded use in English was in 1625 as \"atollon\" \u2013 Charles Darwin ", "answer_start": 788}, {"text": "Charles Darwin", "answer_span": "1625 as \"atollon\" \u2013 Charles Darwin", "answer_start": 869}, {"text": "Charles Darwin", "answer_span": "Charles Darwin ", "answer_start": 889}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Charles Darwin", "answer_span": "Charles Darwin", "answer_start": 889}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how did he describe it?", "answers": [{"text": "\"circular groups of coral islets\"", "answer_span": "\"circular groups of coral islets\"", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "\"circular groups of coral islets\" that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\".", "answer_span": "\"circular groups of coral islets\" that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\". ", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "circular groups of coral islets", "answer_span": " the definition of atolls as \"circular groups of coral islets\" that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\". ", "answer_start": 1004}, {"text": "circular groups of coral islets\" that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\"", "answer_span": "circular groups of coral islets\" that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\"", "answer_start": 1034}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"circular groups of coral islets\"", "answer_span": "\"circular groups of coral islets\"", "answer_start": 1033}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it similar to?", "answers": [{"text": "\"lagoon-island\"", "answer_span": "that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\"", "answer_start": 1067}, {"text": "that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\".", "answer_span": " that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\". ", "answer_start": 1066}, {"text": "lagoon-island", "answer_span": "that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\". ", "answer_start": 1067}, {"text": "lagoon-island", "answer_span": "lagoon-island", "answer_start": 1092}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"lagoon-island\"", "answer_span": "that is synonymous with \"lagoon-island\"", "answer_start": 1067}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what word did he use for it?", "answers": [{"text": "\"atollon\"", "answer_span": "\"atollon\" \u2013 Charles Darwin", "answer_start": 877}, {"text": "atollon", "answer_span": " English was in 1625 as \"atollon", "answer_start": 853}, {"text": "The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs", "answer_span": "in his \"The Structure and Distribution of Coral Reefs", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "atollon", "answer_span": "atollon", "answer_start": 878}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"atollon\"", "answer_span": "\"atollon\" \u2013 Charles Darwin", "answer_start": 877}, "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3jv9lgbjwtefj756e7lx0jogqf0goa"}], "section_title": "Atoll", "background": "Atoll", "title": "Atoll"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Archbishop of Canterbury is the senior bishop and principal leader of the Church of England, the symbolic head of the worldwide Anglican Communion and the diocesan bishop of the Diocese of Canterbury. The current archbishop is Justin Welby. His enthronement took place at Canterbury Cathedral on 21 March 2013. Welby is the 105th in a line which goes back more than 1400 years to Augustine of Canterbury, the \"Apostle to the English\", sent from Rome in the year 597. Welby succeeded Rowan Williams. \n\nFrom the time of St Augustine of Canterbury in the 6th century, until Archbishop Reginald Pole in the 16th century, the Archbishops of Canterbury were in full communion with the See of Rome and they usually received the pallium. During the English Reformation, based upon King Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon, the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church. \n\nIn the Middle Ages there was considerable variation in the methods of nomination of the Archbishop of Canterbury and other bishops. At various times the choice was made by the canons of Canterbury Cathedral, the Pope, or the King of England. Since the English Reformation, the Church of England has been more explicitly a state church and the choice is legally that of the Crown; today it is made by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister, who receives a shortlist of two names from an \"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.", "qas": [{"question": "Archbishop of Canterbury Until when were the archbishops in full communion with the See of Rome?", "answers": [{"text": "16th century", "answer_span": "From the time of St Augustine of Canterbury in the 6th century, until Archbishop Reginald Pole in the 16th century, the Archbishops of Canterbury were in full communion with the See of Rome", "answer_start": 505}, {"text": "until Archbishop Reginald Pole in the 16th century", "answer_span": "until Archbishop Reginald Pole in the 16th century", "answer_start": 569}, {"text": "the 16th century", "answer_span": "the 16th century", "answer_start": 603}, {"text": "the 16th century", "answer_span": "the 16th century, the Archbishops of Canterbury were in full communion with the See of Rome", "answer_start": 603}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16th century", "answer_span": "From the time of St Augustine of Canterbury in the 6th century, until Archbishop Reginald Pole in the 16th century, the Archbishops of Canterbury were in full communion with the See of Rome", "answer_start": 505}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they usually receive?", "answers": [{"text": "the pallium", "answer_span": "and they usually received the pallium", "answer_start": 695}, {"text": "the pallium", "answer_span": " the pallium", "answer_start": 720}, {"text": "the pallium", "answer_span": "the pallium", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "the pallium.", "answer_span": " they usually received the pallium.", "answer_start": 698}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the pallium", "answer_span": "and they usually received the pallium", "answer_start": 695}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is the current archbishop?", "answers": [{"text": "Justin Welby.", "answer_span": " The current archbishop is Justin Welby.", "answer_start": 204}, {"text": "Justin Welby", "answer_span": "Justin Welby", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "The Archbishop of Canterbury", "answer_span": "The Archbishop of Canterbury", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Justin Welby", "answer_span": "The current archbishop is Justin Welby", "answer_start": 205}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Justin Welby.", "answer_span": " The current archbishop is Justin Welby.", "answer_start": 204}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he become one?", "answers": [{"text": "21 March 2013", "answer_span": "His enthronement took place at Canterbury Cathedral on 21 March 2013", "answer_start": 245}, {"text": "21 March 2013", "answer_span": "21 March 2013", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "2013", "answer_span": "2013", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "21 March 2013.", "answer_span": "His enthronement took place at Canterbury Cathedral on 21 March 2013.", "answer_start": 245}], "orig_answer": {"text": "21 March 2013", "answer_span": "His enthronement took place at Canterbury Cathedral on 21 March 2013", "answer_start": 245}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who came before him?", "answers": [{"text": "Rowan Williams.", "answer_span": "Welby succeeded Rowan Williams. ", "answer_start": 471}, {"text": "Rowan Williams", "answer_span": " Rowan Williams", "answer_start": 486}, {"text": "Rowan Williams", "answer_span": "Rowan Williams", "answer_start": 487}, {"text": "Rowan Williams.", "answer_span": "Rowan Williams.", "answer_start": 487}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rowan Williams.", "answer_span": "Welby succeeded Rowan Williams. ", "answer_start": 471}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What number in the line is he?", "answers": [{"text": "105th", "answer_span": "Welby is the 105th in a line", "answer_start": 315}, {"text": "105th", "answer_span": "105th", "answer_start": 328}, {"text": "105th", "answer_span": "105th ", "answer_start": 328}, {"text": "105th", "answer_span": "Welby is the 105th ", "answer_start": 315}], "orig_answer": {"text": "105th", "answer_span": "Welby is the 105th in a line", "answer_start": 315}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How far back does it go?", "answers": [{"text": "more than 1400 years", "answer_span": "which goes back more than 1400 years ", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "more than 1400 years", "answer_span": "more than 1400 years", "answer_start": 360}, {"text": "1400 years", "answer_span": "1400 years", "answer_start": 370}, {"text": "more than 1400 years", "answer_span": " a line which goes back more than 1400 years", "answer_start": 336}], "orig_answer": {"text": "more than 1400 years", "answer_span": "which goes back more than 1400 years ", "answer_start": 344}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who got divorced?", "answers": [{"text": "King Henry VIII", "answer_span": "ased upon King Henry VIII's divorce", "answer_start": 767}, {"text": "King Henry VIII", "answer_span": "King Henry VIII", "answer_start": 777}, {"text": "King Henry VIII", "answer_span": "King Henry VIII", "answer_start": 777}, {"text": "King Henry VIII", "answer_span": "King Henry VIII's divorce", "answer_start": 777}], "orig_answer": {"text": "King Henry VIII", "answer_span": "ased upon King Henry VIII's divorce", "answer_start": 767}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During what?", "answers": [{"text": "the English Reformation", "answer_span": "During the English Reformation", "answer_start": 734}, {"text": "the English Reformation", "answer_span": "the English Reformation", "answer_start": 741}, {"text": "the English Reformation", "answer_span": "the English Reformation", "answer_start": 741}, {"text": "the English Reformation", "answer_span": "During the English Reformation", "answer_start": 734}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the English Reformation", "answer_span": "During the English Reformation", "answer_start": 734}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened as a result?", "answers": [{"text": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church", "answer_span": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church", "answer_start": 829}, {"text": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church", "answer_span": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church", "answer_start": 829}, {"text": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope", "answer_span": " the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope", "answer_start": 828}, {"text": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope", "answer_span": "he Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope", "answer_start": 830}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church", "answer_span": "the Church of England broke away from the authority of the Pope and the Roman Catholic Church", "answer_start": 829}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did the king divorce?", "answers": [{"text": "Catherine of Aragon", "answer_span": "King Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon", "answer_start": 777}, {"text": "Catherine of Aragon", "answer_span": " Catherine of Aragon", "answer_start": 807}, {"text": "Catherine", "answer_span": "Catherine", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "Catherine of Aragon", "answer_span": " Catherine of Aragon", "answer_start": 807}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Catherine of Aragon", "answer_span": "King Henry VIII's divorce from Catherine of Aragon", "answer_start": 777}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was Augustine of Canterbury also known as?", "answers": [{"text": "Apostle to the English", "answer_span": "Augustine of Canterbury, the \"Apostle to the English", "answer_start": 384}, {"text": "the \"Apostle to the English\"", "answer_span": "the \"Apostle to the English\"", "answer_start": 409}, {"text": "the \"Apostle to the English\"", "answer_span": " the \"Apostle to the English\"", "answer_start": 408}, {"text": "\"Apostle to the English\"", "answer_span": " \"Apostle to the English\"", "answer_start": 412}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Apostle to the English", "answer_span": "Augustine of Canterbury, the \"Apostle to the English", "answer_start": 384}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was he sent?", "answers": [{"text": "597", "answer_span": " sent from Rome in the year 597", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "597", "answer_span": "597", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "597", "answer_span": "597", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "597", "answer_span": "sent from Rome in the year 597", "answer_start": 439}], "orig_answer": {"text": "597", "answer_span": " sent from Rome in the year 597", "answer_start": 438}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were the nomination methods all the same in the middle ages?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "n the Middle Ages there was considerable variation in the methods of nomination of the Archbishop of Canterbury", "answer_start": 927}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "there was considerable variation in the methods of nomination", "answer_start": 945}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "there was considerable variation ", "answer_start": 945}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "n the Middle Ages there was considerable variation in the methods of nomination", "answer_start": 927}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "n the Middle Ages there was considerable variation in the methods of nomination of the Archbishop of Canterbury", "answer_start": 927}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is the decision made by today?", "answers": [{"text": "the Queen", "answer_span": "today it is made by the Queen ", "answer_start": 1306}, {"text": "the Queen", "answer_span": "today it is made by the Queen ", "answer_start": 1306}, {"text": "the Queen", "answer_span": " the Queen", "answer_start": 1325}, {"text": "the Queen", "answer_span": "oday it is made by the Queen ", "answer_start": 1307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Queen", "answer_span": "today it is made by the Queen ", "answer_start": 1306}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who helps her?", "answers": [{"text": "the Prime Minister", "answer_span": "Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister", "answer_start": 1330}, {"text": "the Prime Minister", "answer_span": "the Prime Minister", "answer_start": 1353}, {"text": "the Prime Minister", "answer_span": "the Prime Minister", "answer_start": 1353}, {"text": "the Prime Minister", "answer_span": "the advice of the Prime Minister", "answer_start": 1339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Prime Minister", "answer_span": "Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister", "answer_start": 1330}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people does he choose from?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "who receives a shortlist of two names ", "answer_start": 1373}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "a shortlist of two names", "answer_start": 1386}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "two", "answer_start": 1401}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "who receives a shortlist of two names", "answer_start": 1373}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "who receives a shortlist of two names ", "answer_start": 1373}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who gives them to him?", "answers": [{"text": "a committee", "answer_span": "from an \"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.", "answer_start": 1411}, {"text": "an \"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_span": "an \"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_start": 1416}, {"text": "an \"ad hoc\" committee", "answer_span": "an \"ad hoc\" committee ", "answer_start": 1416}, {"text": "an \"ad hoc\" committee", "answer_span": "om an \"ad hoc\" committee", "answer_start": 1413}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a committee", "answer_span": "from an \"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission.", "answer_start": 1411}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of committee is it?", "answers": [{"text": "\"ad hoc\"", "answer_span": "from an \"ad hoc\" committee", "answer_start": 1411}, {"text": "an \"ad hoc\" committee", "answer_span": "an \"ad hoc\" committee ", "answer_start": 1416}, {"text": "ad hoc", "answer_span": "ad hoc", "answer_start": 1420}, {"text": "ad hoc", "answer_span": "ad hoc", "answer_start": 1420}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"ad hoc\"", "answer_span": "from an \"ad hoc\" committee", "answer_start": 1411}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_span": "\"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_start": 1419}, {"text": "the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_span": " the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_start": 1444}, {"text": "the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_span": "the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "the Crown Nominations Commission.", "answer_span": "the Crown Nominations Commission.", "answer_start": 1445}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_span": "\"ad hoc\" committee called the Crown Nominations Commission", "answer_start": 1419}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghdsz46e7"}], "section_title": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "background": "Archbishop of Canterbury", "title": "Archbishop of Canterbury"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals, including cashmere and mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, angora from rabbits, and other types of wool from camelids. Wool mainly consists of protein together with a few percent lipids. In this regard it is chemically quite distinct from the more dominant textile, cotton, which is mainly cellulose. \n\nWool is produced by follicles which are small cells located in the skin. These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called the epidermis and push down into the second skin layer called the dermis as the wool fibers grow. Follicles can be classed as either primary or secondary follicles. Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers. Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers. Medullated fibers share nearly identical characteristics to hair and are long but lack crimp and elasticity. Kemp fibers are very coarse and shed out. Wool's scaling and crimp make it easier to spin the fleece by helping the individual fibers attach to each other, so they stay together. Because of the crimp, wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles, and they hold air, which causes the fabric to retain heat. Wool has a high specific heat coefficient, so it impedes heat transfer in general. This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs use wool clothes for insulation.", "qas": [{"question": "Wool where are follicles located?", "answers": [{"text": "In the skin.", "answer_span": "follicles which are small cells located in the skin.", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "in the skin", "answer_span": "follicles which are small cells located in the skin", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "in the skin", "answer_span": "follicles which are small cells located in the skin", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "in the skin", "answer_span": "follicles which are small cells located in the skin", "answer_start": 393}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In the skin.", "answer_span": "follicles which are small cells located in the skin.", "answer_start": 393}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what layer?", "answers": [{"text": "The upper layer.", "answer_span": " These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called the epidermis ", "answer_start": 445}, {"text": "upper", "answer_span": "These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin", "answer_start": 446}, {"text": "Upper layer", "answer_span": "These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called", "answer_start": 446}, {"text": "he upper", "answer_span": "These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin", "answer_start": 446}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The upper layer.", "answer_span": " These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called the epidermis ", "answer_start": 445}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do follicles produce wool?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Wool is produced by follicles", "answer_start": 373}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Wool is produced by follicles which are small cells located in the skin", "answer_start": 373}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Wool is produced by follicles", "answer_start": 373}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Wool is produced by follicles", "answer_start": 373}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does wool impede heat transfer?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Wool has a high specific heat coefficient, so it impedes heat transfer", "answer_start": 1243}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "so it impedes heat transfer in general", "answer_start": 1286}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Wool is produced by follicles which are small cells located in the skin. These follicles are located in the upper layer of the skin called the epidermis and push down into the second skin layer called the dermis as the wool fibers grow. Follicles can be classed as either primary or secondary follicles. Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers. Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers. Medullated fibers share nearly identical characteristics to hair and are long but lack crimp and elasticity. Kemp fibers are very coarse and shed out. Wool's scaling and crimp make it easier to spin the fleece by helping the individual fibers attach to each other, so they stay together. Because of the crimp, wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles, and they hold air, which causes the fabric to retain heat. Wool has a high specific heat coefficient, so it impedes heat transfer in general. This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs use wool clothes for insulation.", "answer_start": 373}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Wool has a high specific heat coefficient, so it impedes heat transfer in general. ", "answer_start": 1243}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Wool has a high specific heat coefficient, so it impedes heat transfer", "answer_start": 1243}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what desert people use wool?", "answers": [{"text": "Bedouins.", "answer_span": "This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs ", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_span": "This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs use wool clothes for insulation.", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "Beudouins and Tuaregs", "answer_span": "his effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs use wool clothes for insulation.", "answer_start": 1327}, {"text": "Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_span": "This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_start": 1326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bedouins.", "answer_span": "This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs ", "answer_start": 1326}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who else?", "answers": [{"text": "Tuaregs.", "answer_span": " benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_start": 1341}, {"text": "Tuaregs", "answer_span": "Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_start": 1371}, {"text": "Tuaregs", "answer_span": "Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_start": 1371}, {"text": "Tuaregs", "answer_span": "This effect has benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_start": 1326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tuaregs.", "answer_span": " benefited desert peoples, as Bedouins and Tuaregs", "answer_start": 1341}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is wool?", "answers": [{"text": "The textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_span": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_span": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_span": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained fromanimals.", "answer_span": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals, including cashmere and mohair from goats, qiviut from muskoxen, angora from rabbits, and other types of wool from camelids.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_span": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is wool from goats called?", "answers": [{"text": "Mohair.", "answer_span": "mohair from goats,", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "cashmere and mohair", "answer_span": " including cashmere and mohair from goat", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "Cashmere and mohair", "answer_span": "ncluding cashmere and mohair from goats", "answer_start": 66}, {"text": "cashmere and mohair", "answer_span": "Wool is the textile fiber obtained from sheep and other animals, including cashmere and mohair from goats,", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mohair.", "answer_span": "mohair from goats,", "answer_start": 88}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is wool chemically similar to cotton?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": " it is chemically quite distinct from the more dominant textile, cotton,", "answer_start": 271}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " In this regard it is chemically quite distinct from the more dominant textile, cotton", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "ainly consists of protein together with a few percent lipids. In this regard it is chemically quite distinct from the more dominant textile, cotton, which is mainly cellulose. ", "answer_start": 195}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " In this regard it is chemically quite distinct from the more dominant textile, cotton, which is mainly cellulose. \n", "answer_start": 256}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " it is chemically quite distinct from the more dominant textile, cotton,", "answer_start": 271}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is cotton mainly made of?", "answers": [{"text": "Cellulose.", "answer_span": "cotton, which is mainly cellulose. \n", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "cellulose", "answer_span": "cotton, which is mainly cellulose", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "cellulose.", "answer_span": "cotton, which is mainly cellulose. ", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "cellulose", "answer_span": "cotton, which is mainly cellulose. ", "answer_start": 336}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cellulose.", "answer_span": "cotton, which is mainly cellulose. \n", "answer_start": 336}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "can you get wool from rabbits?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " angora from rabbits", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "yeah", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits", "answer_start": 129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits", "answer_start": 129}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what kind?", "answers": [{"text": "Angora.", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits,", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "angora", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "Angora", "answer_span": "angora from rabbit", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "angora", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits, ", "answer_start": 129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Angora.", "answer_span": "angora from rabbits,", "answer_start": 129}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many types of fiber do primary follicles produce", "answers": [{"text": "Three.", "answer_span": "Primary follicles produce three types of fiber", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "3 types", "answer_span": " Primary follicles produce three types of fibe", "answer_start": 676}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": " Primary follicles produce three types of fiber:", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Three.", "answer_span": "Primary follicles produce three types of fiber", "answer_start": 677}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are they?", "answers": [{"text": "Kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers.", "answer_span": "rimary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 678}, {"text": "kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_span": "Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_span": "produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_start": 695}, {"text": "kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_span": " Primary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers.", "answer_span": "rimary follicles produce three types of fiber: kemp, medullated fibers and true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 678}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do secondary follicles produce three types as well?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 770}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 771}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 771}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many do they produce?", "answers": [{"text": "One.", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fiber", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "One.", "answer_span": "condary follicles only produce true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 773}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": " Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 770}], "orig_answer": {"text": "One.", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fiber", "answer_start": 771}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which type?", "answers": [{"text": "True wool fibers.", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "true wool fibers", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "True wool fibers", "answer_span": "condary follicles only produce true wool fibers", "answer_start": 773}, {"text": "true wool fibers", "answer_span": " Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers. ", "answer_start": 770}], "orig_answer": {"text": "True wool fibers.", "answer_span": "Secondary follicles only produce true wool fibers.", "answer_start": 771}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is wool bulkier than other textiles?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles,", "answer_start": 1132}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Because of the crimp, wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles", "answer_start": 1109}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles", "answer_start": 1132}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles", "answer_start": 1132}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles,", "answer_start": 1132}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it bad at retaining heat?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "which causes the fabric to retain heat.", "answer_start": 1203}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " which causes the fabric to retain heat", "answer_start": 1202}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "hold air, which causes the fabric to retain heat", "answer_start": 1193}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Wool has a high specific heat coefficient, so it impedes heat transfer", "answer_start": 1242}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "which causes the fabric to retain heat.", "answer_start": 1203}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what do the fibers hold?", "answers": [{"text": "Air.", "answer_span": "and they hold air,", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "air", "answer_span": "and they hold air,", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "Air.", "answer_span": "and they hold air,", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "air", "answer_span": "wool fabrics have greater bulk than other textiles, and they hold air, ", "answer_start": 1132}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Air.", "answer_span": "and they hold air,", "answer_start": 1184}, "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "30og32w0subzh8937xvwlr3znpzenv"}], "section_title": "Wool", "background": "Wool", "title": "Wool"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing. Founded in 1847, and formerly self-styled as the \"World's Greatest Newspaper\" (for which WGN radio and television are named), it remains the most-read daily newspaper of the Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region. It is the eighth-largest newspaper in the United States by circulation (and became the second-largest under Tribune's ownership after the \"Chicago Tribune\"s parent company purchased the \"Los Angeles Times\"). \n\nTraditionally published as a broadsheet, on January 13, 2009, the \"Tribune\" announced it would continue publishing as a broadsheet for home delivery, but would publish in tabloid format for newsstand, news box, and commuter station sales. This change, however, proved to be unpopular with readers and in August 2011, the \"Tribune\" discontinued the tabloid edition, returning to its traditional broadsheet edition through all distribution channels. \n\nThe \"Tribune\"s masthead is notable for displaying the American flag, in reference to the paper's motto, \"An American Paper for Americans.\" The motto is no longer displayed on the masthead, where it was placed below the flag. \n\nThe \"Tribune\" was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest, publishing the first edition on June 10, 1847. Numerous changes in ownership and editorship took place over the next eight years. Initially, the \"Tribune\" was not politically affiliated, but tended to support either the Whig or Free Soil parties against the Democrats in elections. By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials that criticized foreigners and Roman Catholics. About this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. However nativist its editorials may have been, it was not until February 10, 1855 that the \"Tribune\" formally affiliated itself with the nativist American or Know Nothing party, whose candidate Levi Boone was elected Mayor of Chicago the following month.", "qas": [{"question": "Chicago Tribune Who founded the paper?", "answers": [{"text": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_span": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_start": 1279}, {"text": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest,", "answer_span": "he \"Tribune\" was founded by James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest, ", "answer_start": 1251}, {"text": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_span": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_start": 1279}, {"text": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_span": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_start": 1279}], "orig_answer": {"text": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_span": "James Kelly, John E. Wheeler, and Joseph K. C. Forrest", "answer_start": 1279}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was the first edition published?", "answers": [{"text": "June 10, 1847", "answer_span": "June 10, 1847", "answer_start": 1367}, {"text": "June 10, 1847.", "answer_span": "publishing the first edition on June 10, 1847.", "answer_start": 1335}, {"text": "1847", "answer_span": "1847", "answer_start": 1376}, {"text": "June 10, 1847", "answer_span": " June 10, 1847", "answer_start": 1366}], "orig_answer": {"text": "June 10, 1847", "answer_span": "June 10, 1847", "answer_start": 1367}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it have a political affiliation then?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " was not politically affiliated", "answer_start": 1489}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Initially, the \"Tribune\" was not politically affiliated, ", "answer_start": 1465}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "not politically affiliated", "answer_start": 1494}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "was not politically affiliated", "answer_start": 1490}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " was not politically affiliated", "answer_start": 1489}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of editorials did it often print by 1853?", "answers": [{"text": "xenophobic", "answer_span": "xenophobic", "answer_start": 1657}, {"text": "xenophobic", "answer_span": " By late 1853, it was frequently running xenophobic editorials", "answer_start": 1616}, {"text": "xenophobic", "answer_span": "xenophobic", "answer_start": 1657}, {"text": "xenophobic", "answer_span": "xenophobic ", "answer_start": 1657}], "orig_answer": {"text": "xenophobic", "answer_span": "xenophobic", "answer_start": 1657}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did it criticize specific groups of people?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "criticized foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_start": 1684}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "that criticized foreigners and Roman Catholics.", "answer_start": 1679}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_start": 1695}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " foreigners and Roman Catholics.", "answer_start": 1694}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "criticized foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_start": 1684}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which ones?", "answers": [{"text": "foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_span": "foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_start": 1695}, {"text": "foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_span": "criticized foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_start": 1684}, {"text": "foreigners", "answer_span": "foreigners ", "answer_start": 1695}, {"text": "foreigners and Roman Catholics.", "answer_span": " foreigners and Roman Catholics. ", "answer_start": 1694}], "orig_answer": {"text": "foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_span": "foreigners and Roman Catholics", "answer_start": 1695}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it publish pieces against temperance?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "proponent of temperance", "answer_start": 1767}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " About this time it also became a strong proponent of temperance. ", "answer_start": 1726}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " proponent of temperance", "answer_start": 1766}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " proponent of temperance", "answer_start": 1766}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "proponent of temperance", "answer_start": 1767}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did it publically affiliate itself with the Nativist Party?", "answers": [{"text": "February 10, 1855", "answer_span": "February 10, 1855", "answer_start": 1856}, {"text": "February 10, 1855", "answer_span": "owever nativist its editorials may have been, it was not until February 10, 1855 that the \"Tribune\" formally affiliated itself with the nativist America", "answer_start": 1793}, {"text": "1855", "answer_span": "1855", "answer_start": 1869}, {"text": "February 10, 1855", "answer_span": "February 10, 1855", "answer_start": 1856}], "orig_answer": {"text": "February 10, 1855", "answer_span": "February 10, 1855", "answer_start": 1856}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who owns the paper now?", "answers": [{"text": "Tronc, Inc", "answer_span": "Tronc, Inc", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "Tronc, Inc.,", "answer_span": "The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tronc, Inc.,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Tronc, Inc.", "answer_span": "Tronc, Inc.", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "Tronc, Inc.", "answer_span": " Tronc, Inc.", "answer_start": 92}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tronc, Inc", "answer_span": "Tronc, Inc", "answer_start": 93}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did it have a different name in the past?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "formerly Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing.", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "formerly Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 106}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "formerly Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 106}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was it?", "answers": [{"text": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_span": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "Tribune Publishing.", "answer_span": " owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing.", "answer_start": 83}, {"text": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_span": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 115}, {"text": "Tribune Publishing.", "answer_span": "Tribune Publishing. ", "answer_start": 115}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_span": "Tribune Publishing", "answer_start": 115}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is noteworthy about the Masthead?", "answers": [{"text": "it displayed the American flag, in reference to the paper's motto", "answer_span": "displaying the American flag, in reference to the paper's motto", "answer_start": 1062}, {"text": "displaying the American flag,", "answer_span": "he \"Tribune\"s masthead is notable for displaying the American flag,", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "displaying the American flag", "answer_span": "displaying the American flag", "answer_start": 1062}, {"text": "it displays the American flag,", "answer_span": " displaying the American flag,", "answer_start": 1061}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it displayed the American flag, in reference to the paper's motto", "answer_span": "displaying the American flag, in reference to the paper's motto", "answer_start": 1062}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was the motto?", "answers": [{"text": "\"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_span": " \"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_start": 1126}, {"text": "An American Paper for Americans.", "answer_span": "An American Paper for Americans.", "answer_start": 1128}, {"text": "\"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_span": " \"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_start": 1126}, {"text": "\"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_span": "\"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_start": 1127}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_span": " \"An American Paper for Americans.\"", "answer_start": 1126}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did it ever publish in tabloid format?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " but would publish in tabloid", "answer_start": 722}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Traditionally published as a broadsheet, on January 13, 2009, the \"Tribune\" announced it would continue publishing as a broadsheet for home delivery, but would publish in tabloid format for newsstand, news box, and commuter station sales. ", "answer_start": 573}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " would publish in tabloid format", "answer_start": 726}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " publish in tabloid forma", "answer_start": 732}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " but would publish in tabloid", "answer_start": 722}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did that start?", "answers": [{"text": "January 13, 2009", "answer_span": "January 13, 2009", "answer_start": 617}, {"text": "january 13, 2009", "answer_span": "n January 13, 2009, the \"Tribune\" announced it would continue publishing as a broadsheet for home delivery, but would publish in tabloid format for newsstand,", "answer_start": 615}, {"text": "1847", "answer_span": "1847", "answer_start": 146}, {"text": "January 13, 2009", "answer_span": "January 13, 2009", "answer_start": 617}], "orig_answer": {"text": "January 13, 2009", "answer_span": "January 13, 2009", "answer_start": 617}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was that a popular move?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " unpopular", "answer_start": 846}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "This change, however, proved to be unpopular with readers", "answer_start": 812}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " unpopular", "answer_start": 846}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "roved to be unpopular", "answer_start": 835}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " unpopular", "answer_start": 846}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they change back?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "returning to its traditional broadsheet", "answer_start": 938}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the \"Tribune\" discontinued the tabloid edition, returning to its traditional broadsheet edition through all distribution channels. ", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "discontinued the tabloid edition", "answer_start": 904}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "discontinued the tabloid edition", "answer_start": 904}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "returning to its traditional broadsheet", "answer_start": 938}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "August 2011", "answer_span": "August 2011", "answer_start": 877}, {"text": "August 2011,", "answer_span": "ugust 2011, the \"Tribune\" discontinued", "answer_start": 878}, {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "August 2011", "answer_span": "August 2011", "answer_start": 877}], "orig_answer": {"text": "August 2011", "answer_span": "August 2011", "answer_start": 877}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is their traditional format?", "answers": [{"text": "a broadsheet", "answer_span": "a broadsheet", "answer_start": 600}, {"text": "a broadsheet,", "answer_span": "Traditionally published as a broadsheet, ", "answer_start": 573}, {"text": "broadsheet", "answer_span": "broadsheet", "answer_start": 967}, {"text": "broadsheet edition", "answer_span": "broadsheet edition", "answer_start": 967}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a broadsheet", "answer_span": "a broadsheet", "answer_start": 600}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it the most read?", "answers": [{"text": "Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region", "answer_span": "Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "Chicago metropolitan area", "answer_span": " it remains the most-read daily newspaper of the Chicago metropolitan area ", "answer_start": 260}, {"text": "Chicago", "answer_span": "Chicago", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "through all distribution channels.", "answer_span": "through all distribution channels. ", "answer_start": 986}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region", "answer_span": "Chicago metropolitan area and the Great Lakes region", "answer_start": 309}, "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3atpcq38j8aq3uw5yu2l6obf6w8yah"}], "section_title": "Chicago Tribune", "background": "Chicago Tribune", "title": "Chicago Tribune"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. In addition to stipulations of non-aggression, the treaty included a secret protocol that divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland into German and Soviet \"spheres of influence\", anticipating potential \"territorial and political rearrangements\" of these countries. Thereafter, Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939. After the Soviet\u2013Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September, Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September. Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region). Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland. Stalin's invasion of Bukovina in 1940 violated the pact, as it went beyond the Soviet sphere of influence agreed with the Axis.", "qas": [{"question": "Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop Pact When did Germany invade Poland?", "answers": [{"text": "1 September 1939", "answer_span": "Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "1 September 1939", "answer_span": "Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "1 September 1939.", "answer_span": " 1 September 1939.", "answer_start": 571}, {"text": "1 September 1939", "answer_span": "1 September 1939", "answer_start": 572}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1 September 1939", "answer_span": "Germany invaded Poland on 1 September 1939", "answer_start": 546}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the agreement with the Soviet and Japan take place?", "answers": [{"text": "16 September", "answer_span": "After the Soviet\u2013Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September", "answer_start": 590}, {"text": "16 September", "answer_span": "After the Soviet\u2013Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September", "answer_start": 590}, {"text": "16 September", "answer_span": "16 September", "answer_start": 651}, {"text": "16 September", "answer_span": "16 September", "answer_start": 651}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16 September", "answer_span": "After the Soviet\u2013Japanese ceasefire agreement took effect on 16 September", "answer_start": 590}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Stalin do?", "answers": [{"text": "ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_span": "Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September", "answer_start": 665}, {"text": "invasion of Poland", "answer_span": "Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_start": 665}, {"text": "ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_span": " ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_start": 671}, {"text": "ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_span": "ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_start": 672}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ordered his own invasion of Poland", "answer_span": "Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September", "answer_start": 665}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was that?", "answers": [{"text": "17 September", "answer_span": "Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September", "answer_start": 665}, {"text": "17 September", "answer_span": "Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September", "answer_start": 665}, {"text": "17 September", "answer_span": "17 September", "answer_start": 710}, {"text": "17 September", "answer_span": "17 September", "answer_start": 710}], "orig_answer": {"text": "17 September", "answer_span": "Stalin ordered his own invasion of Poland on 17 September", "answer_start": 665}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the goal of the Nazi-Soviet pact?", "answers": [{"text": "guarantee of non-belligerence by each party", "answer_span": "The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party", "answer_span": "the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other", "answer_span": "a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other", "answer_start": 63}, {"text": "guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other", "answer_span": "guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other", "answer_start": 65}], "orig_answer": {"text": "guarantee of non-belligerence by each party", "answer_span": "The stated clauses of the Nazi-Soviet non-aggression pact were a guarantee of non-belligerence by each party towards the other, and a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the written agreement about?", "answers": [{"text": "neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party.", "answer_span": "written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party.", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party", "answer_span": "a written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party.", "answer_start": 132}, {"text": "that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party", "answer_span": "that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party", "answer_start": 153}, {"text": "neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party", "answer_span": "neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party", "answer_start": 158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party.", "answer_span": "written commitment that neither party would ally itself to, or aid, an enemy of the other party.", "answer_start": 134}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What areas were divided?", "answers": [{"text": "Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_span": "divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland ", "answer_start": 321}, {"text": "Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_span": "the treaty included a secret protocol that divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_start": 278}, {"text": "Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_span": "Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_span": " Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_start": 343}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland", "answer_span": "divided territories of Romania, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, and Finland ", "answer_start": 321}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What territories were annexed by the Soviet?", "answers": [{"text": "Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland", "answer_span": " Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union", "answer_start": 723}, {"text": "Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_span": "Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union after the Winter War. This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania ", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland", "answer_span": " Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland", "answer_start": 723}, {"text": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_span": " Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_start": 880}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland", "answer_span": " Part of southeastern (Karelia) and Salla region in Finland were annexed by the Soviet Union", "answer_start": 723}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And then where?", "answers": [{"text": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region).", "answer_span": " followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region).", "answer_start": 846}, {"text": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region).", "answer_span": "This was followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region).", "answer_start": 838}, {"text": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_span": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_start": 881}, {"text": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_span": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania", "answer_start": 881}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region).", "answer_span": " followed by Soviet annexations of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, and parts of Romania (Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina, and the Hertza region).", "answer_start": 846}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the justification for invading Poland?", "answers": [{"text": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_span": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland", "answer_start": 986}, {"text": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_span": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland.", "answer_start": 986}, {"text": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_span": ". Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_start": 984}, {"text": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_span": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_start": 986}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians", "answer_span": "Concern about ethnic Ukrainians and Belarusians had been proffered as justification for the Soviet invasion of Poland", "answer_start": 986}, "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "37w3jxsd668na7z8zzydod86x3zywr"}], "section_title": "Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop Pact", "background": "Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop Pact", "title": "Molotov%E2%80%93Ribbentrop Pact"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig. Its capital city is Kiel; other notable cities are L\u00fcbeck and Flensburg. \n\nAlso known in more dated English as Sleswick-Holsatia, the Danish name is \"Slesvig-Holsten,\" the Low German name is \"Sleswig-Holsteen,\" and the North Frisian name is \"Slaswik-Holstiinj.\" Historically, the name can also refer to a larger region, containing both present-day Schleswig-Holstein and the former South Jutland County (Northern Schleswig) in Denmark. \n\nThe term \"Holstein\" derives from Old Saxon \"Holseta Land,\" (\"Holz\" and \"Holt\" mean wood in modern Standardised German and in literary English, respectively). Originally, it referred to the central of the three Saxon tribes north of the River Elbe: \"Tedmarsgoi\" (Dithmarschen), Holstein and \"Sturmarii\" (Stormarn). The area of the tribe of the Holsts was between the St\u00f6r River and Hamburg, and after Christianization, their main church was in Schenefeld. Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Empire after Charlemagne's Saxon campaigns in the late eighth century. Since 811, the northern frontier of Holstein (and thus the Empire) was marked by the River Eider. \n\nThe term Schleswig comes from the city of Schleswig. The name derives from the Schlei inlet in the east and \"vik\" meaning inlet in Old Norse or settlement in Old Saxon, and linguistically identical (cognate) with the \"-wick\" or \"-wich\" element in place-names in Britain.", "qas": [{"question": "Schleswig-Holstein What is the capital of Schleswig-Holstein?", "answers": [{"text": "Kiel", "answer_span": " Kiel", "answer_start": 195}, {"text": "Kiel", "answer_span": " Its capital city is Kiel;", "answer_start": 175}, {"text": "Kiel", "answer_span": "Kiel", "answer_start": 196}, {"text": "Kiel", "answer_span": "Kiel", "answer_start": 196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kiel", "answer_span": " Kiel", "answer_start": 195}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name another city in it?", "answers": [{"text": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_span": "L\u00fcbec", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_span": "other notable cities are L\u00fcbeck ", "answer_start": 202}, {"text": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_span": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_span": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_start": 227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "L\u00fcbeck", "answer_span": "L\u00fcbec", "answer_start": 227}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one of the duchys it's comprised of?", "answers": [{"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 111}, {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "historical duchy of Holstein", "answer_start": 91}, {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": " Holstein", "answer_start": 110}, {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 111}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 111}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the other?", "answers": [{"text": "Duchy of Schleswig", "answer_span": "Duchy of Schleswig", "answer_start": 156}, {"text": "Schleswig", "answer_span": "southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "Schleswig", "answer_span": " Schleswig", "answer_start": 164}, {"text": "Schleswig", "answer_span": "Schleswig", "answer_start": 165}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Duchy of Schleswig", "answer_span": "Duchy of Schleswig", "answer_start": 156}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's a Danish name for it?", "answers": [{"text": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_span": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_span": "the Danish name is \"Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_start": 306}, {"text": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_span": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_span": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_start": 326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_span": "Slesvig-Holsten", "answer_start": 326}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the Low German name for it?", "answers": [{"text": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_span": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_start": 368}, {"text": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_span": "the Low German name is \"Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_span": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_start": 368}, {"text": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_span": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_start": 368}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_span": "Sleswig-Holsteen", "answer_start": 368}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the North Frisian name?", "answers": [{"text": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_span": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_span": "Frisian name is \"Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_start": 401}, {"text": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_span": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_span": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_start": 418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_span": "Slaswik-Holstiinj", "answer_start": 418}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the modern German word for wood mentioned in this article?", "answers": [{"text": "NO", "answer_span": "erma", "answer_start": 353}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "\"Holz\" and \"Holt\" mean wood in modern Standardised German", "answer_start": 674}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "\"Holz\" and \"Holt\" mean wood in modern Standardised German", "answer_start": 674}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "mean wood in modern Standardised German", "answer_start": 692}], "orig_answer": {"text": "NO", "answer_span": "erma", "answer_start": 353}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one of the three Saxon tribes north of the Elbe?", "answers": [{"text": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_span": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "Tedmarsgo", "answer_span": "Saxon tribes north of the River Elbe: \"Tedmarsgo", "answer_start": 824}, {"text": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_span": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_span": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_span": "Tedmarsgoi", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": " (Dithmarschen), Holstein ", "answer_start": 874}, {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 891}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Holstein", "answer_span": "Holstein", "answer_start": 891}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And yet another?", "answers": [{"text": "Sturmarii", "answer_span": "Sturmarii", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "Sturmarii", "answer_span": "Holstein and \"Sturmarii", "answer_start": 891}, {"text": "Sturmarii", "answer_span": "Sturmarii", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "Sturmarii", "answer_span": "Sturmarii", "answer_start": 905}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sturmarii", "answer_span": "Sturmarii", "answer_start": 905}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was Holstein part of the Holy Roman Empire?", "answers": [{"text": "YES", "answer_span": "Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Emp", "answer_start": 1069}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Empire after Charlemagne's Saxon campaigns", "answer_start": 1069}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Empire", "answer_start": 1069}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " part of the Holy Roman Empire", "answer_start": 1092}], "orig_answer": {"text": "YES", "answer_span": "Saxon Holstein became a part of the Holy Roman Emp", "answer_start": 1069}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who carried on Saxon campaigns?", "answers": [{"text": "Charlemagne", "answer_span": "Charlemagne", "answer_start": 1129}, {"text": "Charlemagne's Saxon", "answer_span": "after Charlemagne's Saxon campaigns", "answer_start": 1123}, {"text": "Charlemagne", "answer_span": "Charlemagne", "answer_start": 1129}, {"text": "Charlemagne", "answer_span": "Charlemagne", "answer_start": 1129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Charlemagne", "answer_span": "Charlemagne", "answer_start": 1129}, "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3dip6yhapcsee1mz1v6d3ud4yuve82"}], "section_title": "Schleswig-Holstein", "background": "Schleswig-Holstein", "title": "Schleswig-Holstein"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Mongol Empire (Mongolian: \"Mongolyn Ezent G\u00fcren\" ; Mongolian Cyrillic: \u041c\u043e\u043d\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044b\u043d \u044d\u0437\u044d\u043d\u0442 \u0433\u04af\u0440\u044d\u043d; ; also (\"Horde\") in Russian chronicles) existed during the 13th and 14th centuries and was the largest contiguous land empire in history. Originating in the steppes of Central Asia, the Mongol Empire eventually stretched from Eastern Europe to the Sea of Japan, extending northwards into Siberia, eastwards and southwards into the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, and the Iranian plateau, and westwards as far as the Levant. \n\nThe Mongol Empire emerged from the unification of nomadic tribes in the Mongol homeland under the leadership of Genghis Khan, whom a council proclaimed ruler of all the Mongols in 1206. The empire grew rapidly under his rule and that of his descendants, who sent invasions in every direction. The vast transcontinental empire connected the east with the west with an enforced \"Pax Mongolica\", allowing the dissemination and exchange of trade, technologies, commodities, and ideologies across Eurasia. \n\nThe empire began to split due to wars over succession, as the grandchildren of Genghis Khan disputed whether the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons, such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi. The Toluids prevailed after a bloody purge of \u00d6gedeid and Chagataid factions, but disputes continued even among the descendants of Tolui. A key reason for the split was the dispute over whether the Mongol Empire would become a sedentary, cosmopolitan empire, or would stay true to their nomadic and steppe lifestyle. After M\u00f6ngke Khan died (1259), rival kurultai councils simultaneously elected different successors, the brothers Ariq B\u00f6ke and Kublai Khan, who then not only fought each other in the Toluid Civil War (1260\u20131264), but also dealt with challenges from descendants of other sons of Genghis. Kublai successfully took power, but civil war ensued as Kublai sought unsuccessfully to regain control of the Chagatayid and \u00d6gedeid families.", "qas": [{"question": "Mongol Empire When did Genghis Khan become ruler of Mongol?", "answers": [{"text": "1206", "answer_span": "1206", "answer_start": 703}, {"text": "1206", "answer_span": "1206", "answer_start": 703}, {"text": "1206", "answer_span": "1206", "answer_start": 703}, {"text": "1206", "answer_span": "1206", "answer_start": 703}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1206", "answer_span": "1206", "answer_start": 703}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did his empire grow when he and his family ruled?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "empire grew rapidly", "answer_start": 713}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The empire grew rapidly under his rule and that of his descendants", "answer_start": 709}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The empire grew rapidly under his rule and that of his descendants", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "grew rapidly ", "answer_start": 720}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "empire grew rapidly", "answer_start": 713}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What allowed trade with the east and west?", "answers": [{"text": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_span": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "an enforced \"Pax Mongolica\"", "answer_span": "an enforced \"Pax Mongolica\"", "answer_start": 887}, {"text": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_span": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_span": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_start": 900}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_span": "Pax Mongolica", "answer_start": 900}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many sons did Khan have?", "answers": [{"text": "at least 4", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons, such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons, such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi. ", "answer_start": 1169}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons, such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi.", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons, such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi", "answer_start": 1194}], "orig_answer": {"text": "at least 4", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons, such as Tolui, Chagatai, or Jochi", "answer_start": 1194}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was his original heir?", "answers": [{"text": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1194}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_span": "\u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1194}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What were the grandchildren arguing over?", "answers": [{"text": "If royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei, or another.", "answer_span": " the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1134}, {"text": "whether the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons", "answer_span": "whether the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons", "answer_start": 1127}, {"text": "whether the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons", "answer_span": "whether the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei or from one of his other sons", "answer_start": 1127}, {"text": "whether the royal line should follow from his son", "answer_span": "whether the royal line should follow from his son", "answer_start": 1127}], "orig_answer": {"text": "If royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei, or another.", "answer_span": " the royal line should follow from his son and initial heir \u00d6gedei", "answer_start": 1134}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did their bickering cause to happen to the empire?", "answers": [{"text": "civil war", "answer_span": "civil war", "answer_start": 1907}, {"text": "to split", "answer_span": "to split", "answer_start": 1043}, {"text": "civil war", "answer_span": "civil war", "answer_start": 1907}, {"text": "split", "answer_span": "split ", "answer_start": 1046}], "orig_answer": {"text": "civil war", "answer_span": "civil war", "answer_start": 1907}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the Toluid Civil War?", "answers": [{"text": "1260\u20131264", "answer_span": "1260\u20131264", "answer_start": 1785}, {"text": "1260\u20131264", "answer_span": "1260\u20131264", "answer_start": 1785}, {"text": "1260\u20131264", "answer_span": "1260\u20131264", "answer_start": 1785}, {"text": "1260\u20131264", "answer_span": "1260\u20131264", "answer_start": 1785}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1260\u20131264", "answer_span": "1260\u20131264", "answer_start": 1785}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it involve family versus family?", "answers": [{"text": "yes.", "answer_span": " brothers Ariq B\u00f6ke and Kublai Khan, who then not only fought each other in the Toluid Civil War", "answer_start": 1687}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the brothers Ariq B\u00f6ke and Kublai Khan, who then not only fought each other", "answer_start": 1683}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "also dealt with challenges from descendants of other sons of Genghis", "answer_start": 1801}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the brothers", "answer_start": 1684}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes.", "answer_span": " brothers Ariq B\u00f6ke and Kublai Khan, who then not only fought each other in the Toluid Civil War", "answer_start": 1687}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who won?", "answers": [{"text": "Kublai", "answer_span": "Kublai", "answer_start": 1871}, {"text": "Kublai", "answer_span": "Kublai ", "answer_start": 1871}, {"text": "Kublai", "answer_span": "Kublai", "answer_start": 1871}, {"text": "Kublai", "answer_span": "Kublai", "answer_start": 1871}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kublai", "answer_span": "Kublai", "answer_start": 1871}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it last, though?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "unsuccessfully", "answer_start": 1941}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "but civil war ensued as Kublai sought unsuccessfully to regain control", "answer_start": 1903}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "but civil war ensued as Kublai ", "answer_start": 1903}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "unsuccessfully", "answer_start": 1941}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "unsuccessfully", "answer_start": 1941}, "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3iuzpwiu1o7sq2arvkxmf5tv0xokwz"}], "section_title": "Mongol Empire", "background": "Mongol Empire", "title": "Mongol Empire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder. Their powers include the legitimized use of force. The term is most commonly associated with police services of a sovereign state that are authorized to exercise the police power of that state within a defined legal or territorial area of responsibility. Police forces are often defined as being separate from military or other organizations involved in the defense of the state against foreign aggressors; however, gendarmerie are military units charged with civil policing. \n\nLaw enforcement, however, constitutes only part of policing activity. Policing has included an array of activities in different situations, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order. In some societies, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property. Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree. The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "qas": [{"question": "Police Is enforcing the law the entire goal of police?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Law enforcement, however, constitutes only part of policing activity.", "answer_start": 613}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder.", "answer_start": 70}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " protect property, and limit civil disorder.", "answer_start": 90}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Law enforcement, however, constitutes only part of policing activity.", "answer_start": 613}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is their main activity concerned with?", "answers": [{"text": "preservation of order", "answer_span": "but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order.", "answer_start": 753}, {"text": "the preservation of order.", "answer_span": " Policing has included an array of activities in different situations, but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order.", "answer_start": 682}, {"text": "the preservation of order", "answer_span": "the preservation of order", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder", "answer_span": "enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder", "answer_start": 74}], "orig_answer": {"text": "preservation of order", "answer_span": "but the predominant ones are concerned with the preservation of order.", "answer_start": 753}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In the 17-1800s, what was one other thing they were focused on?", "answers": [{"text": "maintaining the class system", "answer_span": "e late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system", "answer_start": 848}, {"text": "maintaining the class system and the protection of private property", "answer_span": "In some societies, in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property. ", "answer_start": 824}, {"text": "maintaining the class system", "answer_span": "maintaining the class system ", "answer_start": 924}, {"text": "maintaining the class system and the protection of private property", "answer_span": "maintaining the class system and the protection of private property", "answer_start": 924}], "orig_answer": {"text": "maintaining the class system", "answer_span": "e late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system", "answer_start": 848}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "protection of private property", "answer_span": " in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property.", "answer_start": 842}, {"text": "the protection of private property", "answer_span": " and the protection of private property", "answer_start": 952}, {"text": "the protection of private property", "answer_span": "the protection of private property", "answer_start": 957}, {"text": "protection of private property", "answer_span": "protection of private property", "answer_start": 961}], "orig_answer": {"text": "protection of private property", "answer_span": " in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property.", "answer_start": 842}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it true that there has been corruption in the police department?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree", "answer_start": 992}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree.", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many police forces suffer from police corruption", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree.", "answer_start": 993}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree", "answer_start": 992}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Just a few instances?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree.", "answer_start": 992}, {"text": "to a greater or lesser degree", "answer_span": " Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree. ", "answer_start": 992}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Many police forces", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Many police forces", "answer_start": 993}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " Many police forces suffer from police corruption to a greater or lesser degree.", "answer_start": 992}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the force paid for privately?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1072}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "not usually", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is it funded then?", "answers": [{"text": "taxes", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "through taxes", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "through taxes", "answer_span": "through taxes", "answer_start": 1148}, {"text": "taxes", "answer_span": "taxes", "answer_start": 1156}], "orig_answer": {"text": "taxes", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they call an entity like that?", "answers": [{"text": "public sector service", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service,", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "a public sector service", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "a public sector service", "answer_span": " a public sector service", "answer_start": 1100}, {"text": "public sector service", "answer_span": "public sector service", "answer_start": 1103}], "orig_answer": {"text": "public sector service", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service,", "answer_start": 1073}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are all police forces paid that way?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " The police force is usually a public sector service", "answer_start": 1072}, {"text": "usually", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The police force is usually a public sector service, meaning they are paid through taxes.", "answer_start": 1073}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " The police force is usually a public sector service", "answer_start": 1072}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who gives them their power?", "answers": [{"text": "the state", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the state", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the state", "answer_span": "the state", "answer_start": 61}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the state", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many main tasks are they asked to do?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder.", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorde", "answer_start": 74}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property, and limit civil disorder.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they protect people's personal property?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "in the late 18th and early 19th centuries, these developed within the context of maintaining the class system and the protection of private property.", "answer_start": 843}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the protection of private property", "answer_start": 957}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "protect property", "answer_start": 91}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A police force is a constituted body of persons empowered by the state to enforce the law, protect property,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "30zx6p7vf8vb3262zf83qjdthuxj27"}], "section_title": "Police", "background": "Police", "title": "Police"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The National Assembly for Wales (; commonly known as the Welsh Assembly) is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales. The Assembly comprises 60 members, who are known as Assembly Members, or AMs (\"Aelodau y Cynulliad\"). Since 2011, Members are elected for five-year terms under an additional members system, in which 40 AMs represent geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system, and 20 AMs represent five electoral regions using the d'Hondt method of proportional representation. \n\nThe Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998, which followed a referendum in 1997. The Assembly had no powers to initiate primary legislation until limited law-making powers were gained through the Government of Wales Act 2006. Its primary law-making powers were enhanced following a Yes vote in the referendum on 3 March 2011, making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliament or the Secretary of State for Wales in the 20 areas that are devolved. \n\nAn appointed Council for Wales and Monmouthshire was established in 1949 to \"ensure the government is adequately informed of the impact of government activities on the general life of the people of Wales\". The council had 27 members nominated by local authorities in Wales, the University of Wales, National Eisteddfod Council and the Welsh Tourist Board. A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951 and the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office were established in 1964 leading to the abolition of the Council for Wales. The establishment of the Welsh Office effectively created the basis for the territorial governance of Wales. The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969 by Harold Wilson's Labour Government to investigate the possibility of devolution for Scotland and Wales. Its recommendations formed the basis of the 1974 White Paper \"Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales\", which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, voters rejected the proposals by a majority of four to one in a referendum held in 1979.", "qas": [{"question": "National Assembly for Wales what is it commonly known as", "answers": [{"text": "the Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "The National Assembly for Wales (; commonly known as the Welsh Assembly", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "The National Assembly for Wales (; commonly known as the Welsh Assembly) ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "commonly known as the Welsh Assembly", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "commonly known as the Welsh Assembly", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "The National Assembly for Wales (; commonly known as the Welsh Assembly", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does the assembly do", "answers": [{"text": "legislates", "answer_span": "Welsh Assembly) is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales", "answer_start": 57}, {"text": "power to make legislation in Wales.", "answer_span": "the Welsh Assembly) is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales.", "answer_start": 53}, {"text": "make legislation in Wales", "answer_span": "The National Assembly for Wales (; commonly known as the Welsh Assembly) is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Make legislation in Wales", "answer_span": "The National Assembly for Wales (; commonly known as the Welsh Assembly) is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "legislates", "answer_span": "Welsh Assembly) is a devolved assembly with power to make legislation in Wales", "answer_start": 57}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many people are in it", "answers": [{"text": "60", "answer_span": "The Assembly comprises 60 members", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "60", "answer_span": "The Assembly comprises 60 members", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "60 members", "answer_span": "he Assembly comprises 60 members", "answer_start": 138}, {"text": "60", "answer_span": "The Assembly comprises 60 members", "answer_start": 137}], "orig_answer": {"text": "60", "answer_span": "The Assembly comprises 60 members", "answer_start": 137}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "for how long", "answers": [{"text": "five-years", "answer_span": "Since 2011, Members are elected for five-year terms ", "answer_start": 239}, {"text": "five-year terms", "answer_span": "Members are elected for five-year terms", "answer_start": 251}, {"text": "five-year terms", "answer_span": "Members are elected for five-year terms", "answer_start": 251}, {"text": "Five-year terms", "answer_span": " Members are elected for five-year terms", "answer_start": 250}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five-years", "answer_span": "Since 2011, Members are elected for five-year terms ", "answer_start": 239}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what do 40 of them represent", "answers": [{"text": "geographical constituencies", "answer_span": "40 AMs represent geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system", "answer_span": "40 AMs represent geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "geographical constituencies", "answer_span": "40 AMs represent geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "Geographical constituencies", "answer_span": "in which 40 AMs represent geographical constituencies ", "answer_start": 327}], "orig_answer": {"text": "geographical constituencies", "answer_span": "40 AMs represent geographical constituencies elected by the plurality system", "answer_start": 336}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and the other 20?", "answers": [{"text": "five electoral regions", "answer_span": "20 AMs represent five electoral regions", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "five electoral regions", "answer_span": " 20 AMs represent five electoral regions", "answer_start": 417}, {"text": "five electoral regions", "answer_span": "20 AMs represent five electoral regions", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "Electoral regions", "answer_span": "and 20 AMs represent five electoral regions", "answer_start": 414}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five electoral regions", "answer_span": "20 AMs represent five electoral regions", "answer_start": 418}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "using what", "answers": [{"text": "the d'Hondt method of proportional representation.", "answer_span": "20 AMs represent five electoral regions using the d'Hondt method of proportional representation. ", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "the d'Hondt method of proportional representation.", "answer_span": "20 AMs represent five electoral regions using the d'Hondt method of proportional representation.", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "the d'Hondt method of proportional representation.", "answer_span": "using the d'Hondt method of proportional representation. ", "answer_start": 458}, {"text": "d'Hondt method of proportional representation", "answer_span": "and 20 AMs represent five electoral regions using the d'Hondt method of proportional representation", "answer_start": 414}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the d'Hondt method of proportional representation.", "answer_span": "20 AMs represent five electoral regions using the d'Hondt method of proportional representation. ", "answer_start": 418}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who created the assembly", "answers": [{"text": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_span": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "the Government of Wales Act", "answer_span": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_span": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_span": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_start": 517}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_span": "The Assembly was created by the Government of Wales Act 1998", "answer_start": 517}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "following what", "answers": [{"text": "a referendum", "answer_span": "Act 1998, which followed a referendum ", "answer_start": 569}, {"text": "a referendum in 1997", "answer_span": "the Government of Wales Act 1998, which followed a referendum in 1997", "answer_start": 545}, {"text": "a referendum in 1997.", "answer_span": "which followed a referendum in 1997.", "answer_start": 579}, {"text": "A referendum", "answer_span": " which followed a referendum in 1997", "answer_start": 578}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a referendum", "answer_span": "Act 1998, which followed a referendum ", "answer_start": 569}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did they receive law making power through an act", "answers": [{"text": "2006", "answer_span": "limited law-making powers were gained through the Government of Wales Act 2006", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "limited law-making powers were gained through the Government of Wales Act 2006", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "limited law-making powers were gained through the Government of Wales Act 2006", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "The Assembly had no powers to initiate primary legislation until limited law-making powers were gained through the Government of Wales Act 2006", "answer_start": 616}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "limited law-making powers were gained through the Government of Wales Act 2006", "answer_start": 681}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they now able to make laws without having to consult UK", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliamen", "answer_start": 861}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliament", "answer_start": 861}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliament", "answer_start": 861}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliament ", "answer_start": 861}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "making it possible for it to legislate without having to consult the UK parliamen", "answer_start": 861}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the council for Wales established", "answers": [{"text": "1949", "answer_span": " Council for Wales and Monmouthshire was established in 1949", "answer_start": 1029}, {"text": "1949", "answer_span": "An appointed Council for Wales and Monmouthshire was established in 1949", "answer_start": 1017}, {"text": "1949", "answer_span": "An appointed Council for Wales and Monmouthshire was established in 1949", "answer_start": 1017}, {"text": "1949", "answer_span": "An appointed Council for Wales and Monmouthshire was established in 1949", "answer_start": 1017}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1949", "answer_span": " Council for Wales and Monmouthshire was established in 1949", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many members did it have", "answers": [{"text": "27", "answer_span": " The council had 27 members", "answer_start": 1222}, {"text": "27", "answer_span": "The council had 27 members", "answer_start": 1223}, {"text": "27", "answer_span": "The council had 27 members", "answer_start": 1223}, {"text": "27", "answer_span": "The council had 27 member", "answer_start": 1223}], "orig_answer": {"text": "27", "answer_span": " The council had 27 members", "answer_start": 1222}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "consisting of people nominated by who?", "answers": [{"text": "local authorities", "answer_span": " 27 members nominated by local authorities ", "answer_start": 1238}, {"text": "local authorities in Wales", "answer_span": "27 members nominated by local authorities in Wales", "answer_start": 1239}, {"text": "local authorities", "answer_span": "nominated by local authorities in Wales", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "Local authorities in Wales", "answer_span": "The council had 27 members nominated by local authorities in Wales", "answer_start": 1223}], "orig_answer": {"text": "local authorities", "answer_span": " 27 members nominated by local authorities ", "answer_start": 1238}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who else", "answers": [{"text": "the University of Wales", "answer_span": "27 members nominated by local authorities in Wales, the University of Wales", "answer_start": 1239}, {"text": "the University of Wales, National Eisteddfod Council and the Welsh Tourist Board", "answer_span": "nominated by local authorities in Wales, the University of Wales, National Eisteddfod Council and the Welsh Tourist Board", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "the University of Wales", "answer_span": " the University of Wales", "answer_start": 1290}, {"text": "the University of Wales, National Eisteddfod Council and the Welsh Tourist Board.", "answer_span": "the University of Wales, National Eisteddfod Council and the Welsh Tourist Board.", "answer_start": 1291}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the University of Wales", "answer_span": "27 members nominated by local authorities in Wales, the University of Wales", "answer_start": 1239}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was created in 1951", "answers": [{"text": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs", "answer_span": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951", "answer_start": 1373}, {"text": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs", "answer_span": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951", "answer_start": 1373}, {"text": "Minister of Welsh Affairs", "answer_span": " A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "Minister of Welsh Affairs", "answer_span": " A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951 ", "answer_start": 1372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs", "answer_span": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951", "answer_start": 1373}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in 1964?", "answers": [{"text": "the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office", "answer_span": "the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office were established in 1964", "answer_start": 1433}, {"text": "the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office", "answer_span": "the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office were established in 1964", "answer_start": 1433}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "A post of Minister of Welsh Affairs was created in 1951 ", "answer_start": 1373}, {"text": "Secretary of State for Wales", "answer_span": "and the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office were established in 1964", "answer_start": 1429}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office", "answer_span": "the post of Secretary of State for Wales and the Welsh Office were established in 1964", "answer_start": 1433}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in 1969?", "answers": [{"text": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969", "answer_start": 1680}, {"text": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969", "answer_start": 1680}, {"text": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969", "answer_start": 1680}, {"text": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969", "answer_start": 1680}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969", "answer_start": 1680}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by who", "answers": [{"text": "the Labour Government", "answer_span": "as set up in 1969 by Harold Wilson's Labour Government", "answer_start": 1750}, {"text": "Harold Wilson's Labour Government", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969 by Harold Wilson's Labour Government", "answer_start": 1680}, {"text": "Harold Wilson's Labour Government", "answer_span": " was set up in 1969 by Harold Wilson's Labour Government ", "answer_start": 1748}, {"text": "Harold Wilson", "answer_span": "The Royal Commission on the Constitution (the Kilbrandon Commission) was set up in 1969 by Harold Wilson's", "answer_start": 1680}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Labour Government", "answer_span": "as set up in 1969 by Harold Wilson's Labour Government", "answer_start": 1750}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what proposal was rejected", "answers": [{"text": "\"Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales\", which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly.", "answer_span": "\"Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales\", which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, voters rejected the proposals", "answer_start": 1935}, {"text": "the creation of a Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, voters rejected the proposals", "answer_start": 2003}, {"text": "Welsh Assembly", "answer_span": "which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, voters rejected the proposals by a majority of four to one in a referendum held in 1979.", "answer_start": 1997}, {"text": "White Paper \"Democracy and Devolution", "answer_span": " 1974 White Paper \"Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales\", which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, voters rejected the proposals by a majority of four to one in a referendum held in 1979", "answer_start": 1917}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales\", which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly.", "answer_span": "\"Democracy and Devolution: proposals for Scotland and Wales\", which proposed the creation of a Welsh Assembly. However, voters rejected the proposals", "answer_start": 1935}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5udiot"}], "section_title": "National Assembly for Wales", "background": "National Assembly for Wales", "title": "National Assembly for Wales"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). \n\nIt was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs (itself formed from territories of the former Austro-Hungarian Empire) with the formerly independent Kingdom of Serbia. The Kingdom of Montenegro had united with Serbia five days previously, while the regions of Kosovo, Vojvodina and Vardar Macedonia were parts of Serbia prior to the unification. \n\nFor its first eleven years of existence, the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes, but the term \"Yugoslavia\" was its colloquial name from its origins. The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. \n\nThe state was ruled by the Serbian dynasty of Kara\u0111or\u0111evi\u0107, which previously ruled the Kingdom of Serbia under Peter I from 1903 (after the May Overthrow) onwards. Peter I became the first king of Yugoslavia until his death in 1921. He was succeeded by his son Alexander I, who had been regent for his father. He was known as \"Alexander the Unifier\" and he renamed the kingdom \"Yugoslavia\" in 1929. He was assassinated in Marseille by Vlado Chernozemski, a member of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO), during his visit to France in 1934. The crown passed to his then-still under-aged son Peter. His cousin Paul ruled as Prince regent until 1941, when Peter II would come of age. The royal family flew to London the same year, prior to the country being invaded by the Axis powers.", "qas": [{"question": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia What is this about?", "answers": [{"text": "Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 15}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During which time period?", "answers": [{"text": "1918\u20131943", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the interwar period", "answer_span": "that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939)", "answer_start": 110}, {"text": "1918\u20131939 and 1939\u20131943", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "(1918\u20131939) and (1939\u20131943)", "answer_span": ", that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943).", "answer_start": 108}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1918\u20131943", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was this a peaceful time?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). \n", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II ", "answer_start": 109}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). ", "answer_start": 58}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). ", "answer_start": 110}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe, that existed during the interwar period (1918\u20131939) and first half of World War II (1939\u20131943). \n", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was this located?", "answers": [{"text": "Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_span": "Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_start": 73}, {"text": "Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_span": "was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_start": 58}, {"text": "Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_span": "The Kingdom of Yugoslavia (, , \"Kingdom of South Slavia\") was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "in Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_span": " was a state in Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_start": 57}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_span": "Southeast Europe and Central Europe", "answer_start": 73}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it started?", "answers": [{"text": "1918", "answer_span": "1918", "answer_start": 225}, {"text": "1918", "answer_span": "It was formed in 1918", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "1918", "answer_span": "It was formed in 1918", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "in 1918", "answer_span": "It was formed in 1918", "answer_start": 208}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1918", "answer_span": "1918", "answer_start": 225}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By which groups?", "answers": [{"text": "the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs", "answer_span": "the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ", "answer_start": 233}, {"text": "Slovenes, Croats and Serbs", "answer_span": "It was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "Slovenes, Croats and Serbs", "answer_span": "It was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "Slovenes, Croats and Serbs", "answer_span": "It was formed in 1918 by the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ", "answer_start": 208}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs", "answer_span": "the merger of the provisional State of Slovenes, Croats and Serbs ", "answer_start": 233}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called at first?", "answers": [{"text": "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_span": "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_start": 678}, {"text": "the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_span": "For its first eleven years of existence, the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_span": "For its first eleven years of existence, the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_span": " the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes,", "answer_start": 639}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_span": "Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_start": 678}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "For how long?", "answers": [{"text": "eleven years", "answer_span": "eleven years", "answer_start": 613}, {"text": "11 years", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "11 years", "answer_span": "For its first eleven years of existence, the Kingdom was officially called the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "eleven years", "answer_span": "For its first eleven years of existence", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "eleven years", "answer_span": "eleven years", "answer_start": 613}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was it changed?", "answers": [{"text": "1929", "answer_span": "1929", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "1929", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "1929.", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "1929", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 785}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1929", "answer_span": "1929", "answer_start": 888}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which date?", "answers": [{"text": "3 October 1929", "answer_span": "3 October 1929", "answer_start": 878}, {"text": "3 October", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "3 October 1929", "answer_span": "3 October 1929", "answer_start": 878}, {"text": "3 October 1929", "answer_span": "by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 855}], "orig_answer": {"text": "3 October 1929", "answer_span": "3 October 1929", "answer_start": 878}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By who?", "answers": [{"text": "King Alexander I", "answer_span": "King Alexander I ", "answer_start": 858}, {"text": "King Alexander I", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "King Alexander", "answer_span": "The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "King Alexander", "answer_span": "by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 855}], "orig_answer": {"text": "King Alexander I", "answer_span": "King Alexander I ", "answer_start": 858}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "To what?", "answers": [{"text": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 832}, {"text": "the Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": " The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929.", "answer_start": 784}, {"text": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": " The official name of the state was changed to \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 784}, {"text": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": " \"Kingdom of Yugoslavia\" by King Alexander I on 3 October 1929. ", "answer_start": 830}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_span": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 832}, "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3gna64guze4komt2coualrsrf7o5q9"}], "section_title": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "background": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia", "title": "Kingdom of Yugoslavia"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The main passenger airport serving the metropolis and the state is Melbourne Airport (also called Tullamarine Airport), which is the second busiest in Australia, and the Port of Melbourne is Australia's busiest seaport for containerised and general cargo. Melbourne has an extensive transport network. The main metropolitan train terminus is Flinders Street Station, and the main regional train and coach terminus is Southern Cross Station. Melbourne is also home to Australia's most extensive freeway network and has the world's largest urban tram network. \n\nBetween 1836 and 1842 Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed[by whom?] of their land. By January 1844, there were said to be 675 Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne. The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria, in 1839, however their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters to take possession of Aboriginal lands. By 1845, fewer than 240 wealthy Europeans held all the pastoral licences then issued in Victoria and became a powerful political and economic force in Victoria for generations to come.", "qas": [{"question": "Melbourne Which is the busiest seaport?", "answers": [{"text": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_span": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_span": "Port of Melbourne is Australia's busiest seaport for containerised and general cargo", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_span": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "the Port of Melbourne", "answer_span": "the Port of Melbourne is Australia's busiest seaport", "answer_start": 166}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_span": "Port of Melbourne", "answer_start": 170}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How would you describe their transportation options?", "answers": [{"text": "extensive transport network", "answer_span": "extensive transport network", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "it is good for containerised and general cargo", "answer_span": "Port of Melbourne is Australia's busiest seaport for containerised and general cargo", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "extensive", "answer_span": "extensive", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "extensive", "answer_span": "Melbourne has an extensive transport network", "answer_start": 256}], "orig_answer": {"text": "extensive transport network", "answer_span": "extensive transport network", "answer_start": 273}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happens at the Flinders Street Station?", "answers": [{"text": "The main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_span": "The main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "the train terminus is there", "answer_span": "The main metropolitan train terminus is Flinders Street Station", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_span": "main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_start": 306}, {"text": "The main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_span": "The main metropolitan train terminus is Flinders Street Station", "answer_start": 302}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_span": "The main metropolitan train terminus", "answer_start": 302}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of the airport for passengers?", "answers": [{"text": "Melbourne Airport", "answer_span": "Melbourne Airpor", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "Melbourne Airport", "answer_span": "The main passenger airport serving the metropolis and the state is Melbourne Airport", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Melbourne Airport", "answer_span": "Melbourne Airport ", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "Melbourne Airport", "answer_span": "The main passenger airport serving the metropolis and the state is Melbourne Airport", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Melbourne Airport", "answer_span": "Melbourne Airpor", "answer_start": 67}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where do the coach trains arrive to?", "answers": [{"text": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_span": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_start": 417}, {"text": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_span": " and the main regional train and coach terminus is Southern Cross Station", "answer_start": 366}, {"text": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_span": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_start": 417}, {"text": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_span": "the main regional train and coach terminus is Southern Cross Station", "answer_start": 371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_span": "Southern Cross Station", "answer_start": 417}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 1836?", "answers": [{"text": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_span": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_start": 582}, {"text": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed of their land", "answer_span": "Between 1836 and 1842 Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed[by whom?] of their land", "answer_start": 560}, {"text": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed of their land", "answer_span": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_start": 582}, {"text": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_span": "Between 1836 and 1842 Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_start": 560}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_span": "Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed", "answer_start": 582}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "until when?", "answers": [{"text": "1842", "answer_span": "1842", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "1842", "answer_span": "Between 1836 and 1842 Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed[by whom?] of their land", "answer_start": 560}, {"text": "1842", "answer_span": "1842", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "1842", "answer_span": "Between 1836 and 1842", "answer_start": 560}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1842", "answer_span": "1842", "answer_start": 577}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did they go?", "answers": [{"text": "Melbourne", "answer_span": "Melbourne", "answer_start": 744}, {"text": "squalid camps in Melbourne", "answer_span": "By January 1844, there were said to be 675 Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne", "answer_start": 661}, {"text": "squalid camps", "answer_span": " squalid camps", "answer_start": 726}, {"text": "squalid camps in Melbourne", "answer_span": " resident in squalid camps in Melbourne", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Melbourne", "answer_span": "Melbourne", "answer_start": 744}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many were there?", "answers": [{"text": "675 Aborigines", "answer_span": "675 Aborigines", "answer_start": 700}, {"text": "675", "answer_span": " there were said to be 675 Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "675", "answer_span": " 675", "answer_start": 699}, {"text": "675", "answer_span": " 675 Aborigines", "answer_start": 699}], "orig_answer": {"text": "675 Aborigines", "answer_span": "675 Aborigines", "answer_start": 700}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was done to help them?", "answers": [{"text": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors", "answer_span": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors", "answer_start": 755}, {"text": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors", "answer_span": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria", "answer_start": 755}, {"text": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria", "answer_span": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines of Victoria", "answer_start": 755}, {"text": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines", "answer_span": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors for the Aborigines", "answer_start": 755}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors", "answer_span": "The British Colonial Office appointed five Aboriginal Protectors", "answer_start": 755}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it work?", "answers": [{"text": "their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters", "answer_span": "their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters", "answer_start": 869}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "in 1839, however their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters to take possession of Aboriginal lands", "answer_start": 852}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "ever their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters to take possession of Aboriginal lands. ", "answer_start": 864}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "however their work was nullified", "answer_start": 861}], "orig_answer": {"text": "their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters", "answer_span": "their work was nullified by a land policy that favoured squatters", "answer_start": 869}, "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3x31tumd7xma97c6jwk21fggtcp1l9"}], "section_title": "Melbourne", "background": "Melbourne", "title": "Melbourne"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Aragon ( or , Spanish and , or ) is an autonomous community in Spain, coextensive with the medieval Kingdom of Aragon. Located in northeastern Spain, the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces (from north to south): Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel. Its capital is Zaragoza (also called \"Saragossa\" in English). The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain. \n\nAragon's northern province of Huesca borders France and is positioned in the middle of the Pyrenees. Within Spain, the community is flanked by Catalonia to the east, Valencian Community and Castilla\u2013La Mancha to the south, and Castile and Le\u00f3n, La Rioja, and Navarre to the west. \n\nCovering an area of , the region's terrain ranges diversely from permanent glaciers to verdant valleys, rich pasture lands and orchards, through to the arid steppe plains of the central lowlands. Aragon is home to many rivers\u2014most notably, the river Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume, which runs west-east across the entire region through the province of Zaragoza. It is also home to the Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees. \n\n, the population of Aragon was 1,317,847, with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city. The economy of Aragon generates () a GDP of \u20ac33,162 million which represents 3.13% of Spain's national GDP, and is currently 6th in per capita production behind Madrid, Basque Country, Navarre, Catalonia and La Rioja.", "qas": [{"question": "Aragon Where is Aragon located?", "answers": [{"text": "in northeastern Spain", "answer_span": " Located in northeastern Spain", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Aragon ( or , Spanish and , or ) is an autonomous community in Spain", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Aragon ( or , Spanish and , or ) is an autonomous community in Spain", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Spain", "answer_span": "Aragon ( or , Spanish and , or ) is an autonomous community in Spain", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in northeastern Spain", "answer_span": " Located in northeastern Spain", "answer_start": 118}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the people of the community referred to as?", "answers": [{"text": "the Aragonese", "answer_span": "the Aragonese ", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "Aragonese", "answer_span": "the Aragonese autonomous community", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "Aragonese", "answer_span": "the Aragonese autonomous community", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "Aragonese", "answer_span": " the Aragonese autonomous community ", "answer_start": 149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Aragonese", "answer_span": "the Aragonese ", "answer_start": 150}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have a diverse terrain?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "region's terrain ranges diversely from permanent glaciers to verdant valleys", "answer_start": 710}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "the region's terrain ranges diversely", "answer_start": 706}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the region's terrain ranges diversely", "answer_start": 706}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": ", the region's terrain ranges diversely", "answer_start": 704}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "region's terrain ranges diversely from permanent glaciers to verdant valleys", "answer_start": 710}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its most notable body of water called?", "answers": [{"text": "the river Ebro", "answer_span": "river Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume", "answer_start": 928}, {"text": "Ebro", "answer_span": "Aragon is home to many rivers\u2014most notably, the river Ebro", "answer_start": 880}, {"text": "Ebro", "answer_span": "many rivers\u2014most notably, the river Ebro", "answer_start": 898}, {"text": "Ebro", "answer_span": "Aragon is home to many rivers\u2014most notably, the river Ebro", "answer_start": 880}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the river Ebro", "answer_span": "river Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume", "answer_start": 928}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it run North and South?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "west-east across", "answer_start": 984}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume, which runs west-east", "answer_start": 934}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Ebro, Spain's largest river in volume, which runs west-east", "answer_start": 934}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "which runs west-east ", "answer_start": 973}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "west-east across", "answer_start": 984}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there any mountains?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees", "answer_start": 1076}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Aragon's northern province of Huesca borders France and is positioned in the middle of the Pyrenees", "answer_start": 402}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is also home to the Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees. ", "answer_start": 1053}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is also home to the Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees. ", "answer_start": 1053}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees", "answer_start": 1076}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of one of them?", "answers": [{"text": "Aneto", "answer_span": "Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees.", "answer_start": 1076}, {"text": "Aneto", "answer_span": "Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees.", "answer_start": 1076}, {"text": "Aneto", "answer_span": "Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees. ", "answer_start": 1076}, {"text": "Aneto", "answer_span": "It is also home to the Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees. \n", "answer_start": 1053}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Aneto", "answer_span": "Aneto, the highest mountain in the Pyrenees.", "answer_start": 1076}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many Providences are there?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "three provinces", "answer_start": 195}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "comprises three provinces", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces ", "answer_start": 150}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "three provinces", "answer_start": 195}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they?", "answers": [{"text": "Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_span": " Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_start": 233}, {"text": "Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel.", "answer_span": "three provinces (from north to south): Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel. ", "answer_start": 195}, {"text": "Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_span": "Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_start": 234}, {"text": "Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_span": "the Aragonese autonomous community comprises three provinces (from north to south): Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_start": 150}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_span": " Huesca, Zaragoza, and Teruel", "answer_start": 233}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the population of Aragon?", "answers": [{"text": "1,317,847", "answer_span": "the population of Aragon was 1,317,847", "answer_start": 1125}, {"text": "1,317,847", "answer_span": " the population of Aragon was 1,317,847", "answer_start": 1124}, {"text": "1,317,847", "answer_span": "the population of Aragon was 1,317,847", "answer_start": 1125}, {"text": "1,317,847", "answer_span": "the population of Aragon was 1,317,847", "answer_start": 1125}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1,317,847", "answer_span": "the population of Aragon was 1,317,847", "answer_start": 1125}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the population widespread?", "answers": [{"text": "Not really", "answer_span": "with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the population of Aragon was 1,317,847, with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city.", "answer_start": 1125}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the population of Aragon was 1,317,847, with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city. ", "answer_start": 1125}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Not really", "answer_span": "with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza", "answer_start": 1165}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the capital city?", "answers": [{"text": "Zaragoza", "answer_span": " Zaragoza, its capital city. ", "answer_start": 1209}, {"text": "Zaragoza", "answer_span": " Zaragoza, its capital city.", "answer_start": 1209}, {"text": "Zaragoza", "answer_span": "Zaragoza, its capital city", "answer_start": 1210}, {"text": "Zaragoza", "answer_span": "Zaragoza, its capital city", "answer_start": 1210}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Zaragoza", "answer_span": " Zaragoza, its capital city. ", "answer_start": 1209}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have a large population?", "answers": [{"text": "yes, I would say so.", "answer_span": "1,317,847, with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city", "answer_start": 1154}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the population of Aragon was 1,317,847, with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza", "answer_start": 1124}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city", "answer_start": 1170}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the population of Aragon was 1,317,847", "answer_start": 1124}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes, I would say so.", "answer_span": "1,317,847, with slightly more than half of it living in Zaragoza, its capital city", "answer_start": 1154}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does Aragon generate a lot of income?", "answers": [{"text": "not in the big picture", "answer_span": " represents 3.13% of Spain's national GDP", "answer_start": 1303}, {"text": "a GDP of \u20ac33,162 million", "answer_span": "The economy of Aragon generates () a GDP of \u20ac33,162 million which represents 3.13% of Spain's national GDP", "answer_start": 1238}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The economy of Aragon generates () a GDP of \u20ac33,162 million which represents 3.13% of Spain's national GDP", "answer_start": 1238}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The economy of Aragon generates () a GDP of \u20ac33,162 million which represents 3.13% of Spain's national GDP", "answer_start": 1238}], "orig_answer": {"text": "not in the big picture", "answer_span": " represents 3.13% of Spain's national GDP", "answer_start": 1303}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country does it border?", "answers": [{"text": "borders France", "answer_span": " borders France ", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "France", "answer_span": "Aragon's northern province of Huesca borders France", "answer_start": 402}, {"text": "France", "answer_span": "Aragon's northern province of Huesca borders France", "answer_start": 402}, {"text": "France", "answer_span": "Aragon's northern province of Huesca borders France", "answer_start": 402}], "orig_answer": {"text": "borders France", "answer_span": " borders France ", "answer_start": 438}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there glaciers?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "permanent glaciers to verdant valleys", "answer_start": 749}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "the region's terrain ranges diversely from permanent glaciers", "answer_start": 706}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "permanent glaciers", "answer_start": 749}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "permanent glaciers ", "answer_start": 749}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "permanent glaciers to verdant valleys", "answer_start": 749}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have land that is good for agriculture?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "rich pasture lands and orchards", "answer_start": 788}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "rich pasture lands", "answer_start": 788}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " rich pasture lands and orchards", "answer_start": 787}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " rich pasture lands", "answer_start": 787}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "rich pasture lands and orchards", "answer_start": 788}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Aragon declared as?", "answers": [{"text": "a \"nationality\" of Spain", "answer_span": "Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "a \"nationality\" of Spain.", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain.", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "a \"nationality\"", "answer_span": "declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain. ", "answer_start": 358}, {"text": "a \"nationality\" of Spain.", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain. ", "answer_start": 326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a \"nationality\" of Spain", "answer_span": "Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain", "answer_start": 367}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What declares it as such?", "answers": [{"text": "The current Statute of Autonomy", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "Statute of Autonomy", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain.", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "The current Statute of Autonomy", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain. \n", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "The current Statute of Autonomy", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy declares Aragon a \"nationality\" of Spain. ", "answer_start": 326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The current Statute of Autonomy", "answer_span": "The current Statute of Autonomy", "answer_start": 326}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the English version of the capital?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Saragossa\"", "answer_span": "also called \"Saragossa\" in English", "answer_start": 289}, {"text": "Saragossa", "answer_span": " Its capital is Zaragoza (also called \"Saragossa\" in English).", "answer_start": 263}, {"text": "Saragossa", "answer_span": "Saragossa\" in English", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "Saragossa", "answer_span": "Zaragoza (also called \"Saragossa\" in English)", "answer_start": 279}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Saragossa\"", "answer_span": "also called \"Saragossa\" in English", "answer_start": 289}, "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3x66wabajwiqxickv915cgq5voj3gh"}], "section_title": "Aragon", "background": "Aragon", "title": "Aragon"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976. His Marxist\u2013Leninist theories, military strategies and political policies are collectively known as Maoism or Marxism\u2013Leninism\u2013Maoism. \n\nBorn the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan, Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti-imperialist outlook in early life, particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919. Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China (CPC), leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927. During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC, Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led the Jiangxi Soviet's radical land policies and ultimately became head of the CPC during the Long March. Although the CPC temporarily allied with the KMT under the United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937\u20131945), after Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "qas": [{"question": "Mao Zedong Who was the founder of Communist China?", "answers": [{"text": "Mao Zedong", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of C", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Mao Zedong", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Mao Zedong", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he governed as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Mao Zedong", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mao Zedong", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of C", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By what other title was he referred to?", "answers": [{"text": "Chairman Mao", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Chairman Mao", "answer_span": "also known as Chairman Mao", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "Mao Tse-tung", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Chairman Mao", "answer_span": "Chairman Mao", "answer_start": 81}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Chairman Mao", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was he born?", "answers": [{"text": "China", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Shaoshan", "answer_span": " the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 477}, {"text": "Shaoshan", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_span": "Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 509}], "orig_answer": {"text": "China", "answer_span": "Mao Zedong or Mao Tse-tung (; December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), also known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary, poet, political theorist and founding father of the People's Republic of China,", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what region?", "answers": [{"text": "Shaoshan", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "Hunan", "answer_span": "Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 509}, {"text": "Shaoshan,", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan,", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_span": "Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 509}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Shaoshan", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 473}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his dad's occupation?", "answers": [{"text": "farmer", "answer_span": "on of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 483}, {"text": "a farmer", "answer_span": "the son of a wealthy farmer", "answer_start": 478}, {"text": "A farmer", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "farmer", "answer_span": "farmer", "answer_start": 499}], "orig_answer": {"text": "farmer", "answer_span": "on of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan, Hunan", "answer_start": 483}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was his family poor?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaosha", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the son of a wealthy farmer", "answer_start": 477}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaoshan", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "wealthy", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Born the son of a wealthy farmer in Shaosha", "answer_start": 473}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What historical occurrences had influence on his beliefs?", "answers": [{"text": "one was the Xinhai Revolution", "answer_span": "nfluenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919. Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Lenin", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "the Xinhai Revolution and the May Fourth Movement", "answer_span": " particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 603}, {"text": "The Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_span": "Mao adopted a Chinese nationalist and anti-imperialist outlook in early life, particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 526}, {"text": "Xinhai Revolution and May Fourth Movement", "answer_span": " Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 648}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one was the Xinhai Revolution", "answer_span": "nfluenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919. Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Lenin", "answer_start": 618}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the other?", "answers": [{"text": "May Fourth Movement", "answer_span": "particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919.", "answer_start": 604}, {"text": "the May Fourth Movement", "answer_span": "May Fourth Movement", "answer_start": 679}, {"text": "May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_span": "particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 604}, {"text": "May Fourth Movement", "answer_span": "May Fourth Movement", "answer_start": 679}], "orig_answer": {"text": "May Fourth Movement", "answer_span": "particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919.", "answer_start": 604}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What years did those things happen?", "answers": [{"text": "The first happened in 1911", "answer_span": "f 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 668}, {"text": "1911 and 1919", "answer_span": "of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 642}, {"text": "1911 and 1919", "answer_span": "particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 604}, {"text": "1911 and 1919", "answer_span": " 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 669}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The first happened in 1911", "answer_span": "f 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 668}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the second?", "answers": [{"text": "1919", "answer_span": "May Fourth Movement of 1919. ", "answer_start": 679}, {"text": "1919", "answer_span": "May Fourth Movement of 1919", "answer_start": 679}, {"text": "1919.", "answer_span": "particularly influenced by the events of the Xinhai Revolution of 1911 and May Fourth Movement of 1919.", "answer_start": 604}, {"text": "1919", "answer_span": "1919", "answer_start": 702}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1919", "answer_span": "May Fourth Movement of 1919. ", "answer_start": 679}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did have a job when he turned to Communism?", "answers": [{"text": "Peking University", "answer_span": "Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China ", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Leninism while working at Peking University", "answer_start": 707}, {"text": "Peking University", "answer_span": " Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China", "answer_start": 707}, {"text": "Peking University", "answer_span": "Peking University", "answer_start": 754}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Peking University", "answer_span": "Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China ", "answer_start": 708}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What group did he join there?", "answers": [{"text": "CPC", "answer_span": "ounding member of the Communist Party of China (CPC), leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "the Communist Party of China", "answer_span": " became a founding member of the Communist Party of China (CPC)", "answer_start": 775}, {"text": "Communist Party of China", "answer_span": "Mao adopted Marxism\u2013Leninism while working at Peking University and became a founding member of the Communist Party of China", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "Communist Party of China", "answer_span": "Communist Party of China", "answer_start": 808}], "orig_answer": {"text": "CPC", "answer_span": "ounding member of the Communist Party of China (CPC), leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927", "answer_start": 786}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What revolt did he lead after that?", "answers": [{"text": "the Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_span": "leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927. ", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "the Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_span": "leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_span": " leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927", "answer_start": 839}, {"text": "Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_span": "Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_start": 852}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Autumn Harvest Uprising", "answer_span": "leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927. ", "answer_start": 840}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year?", "answers": [{"text": "1927", "answer_span": "Uprising in 1927.", "answer_start": 867}, {"text": "1927", "answer_span": " Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927", "answer_start": 851}, {"text": "1927", "answer_span": " leading the Autumn Harvest Uprising in 1927", "answer_start": 839}, {"text": "1927", "answer_span": "1927", "answer_start": 879}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1927", "answer_span": "Uprising in 1927.", "answer_start": 867}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did he fight during the Chinese Civil War?", "answers": [{"text": "the Kuomintang", "answer_span": "During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC, Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, ", "answer_start": 885}, {"text": "the Kuomintang", "answer_span": "Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC", "answer_start": 896}, {"text": "The Nationalists", "answer_span": "after Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "Kuomintang", "answer_span": "Kuomintang ", "answer_start": 926}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Kuomintang", "answer_span": "During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC, Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, ", "answer_start": 885}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During what event did he become leader of the organization?", "answers": [{"text": "the Long March", "answer_span": "became head of the CPC during the Long March. ", "answer_start": 1083}, {"text": "the Long March", "answer_span": " became head of the CPC during the Long March", "answer_start": 1082}, {"text": "During the Chinese Civil War", "answer_span": " During the Chinese Civil War between the Kuomintang (KMT) and the CPC, Mao helped to found the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, led the Jiangxi Soviet's radical land policies and ultimately became head of the CPC during the Long March. ", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "the Long March", "answer_span": "the Long March", "answer_start": 1113}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Long March", "answer_span": "became head of the CPC during the Long March. ", "answer_start": 1083}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the next military conflict he was involved with?", "answers": [{"text": "the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_span": " the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_start": 1207}, {"text": "the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_span": "during the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_start": 1201}, {"text": "The Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_span": "Although the CPC temporarily allied with the KMT under the United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_start": 1129}, {"text": "Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_span": "Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_start": 1212}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_span": " the Second Sino-Japanese War", "answer_start": 1207}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did the Japanese win that struggle?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "fter Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who", "answer_start": 1251}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "after Japan's defeat ", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Although the CPC temporarily allied with the KMT under the United Front during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937\u20131945), after Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan", "answer_start": 1129}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Japan's defeat", "answer_start": 1256}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "fter Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who", "answer_start": 1251}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he finally beat the Nationalist army?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1949", "answer_span": "in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1301}, {"text": "in 1949", "answer_span": "in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan", "answer_start": 1301}, {"text": "1949", "answer_span": " after Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1249}, {"text": "1949", "answer_span": "1949", "answer_start": 1304}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1949", "answer_span": "in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1301}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did they flee after they lost?", "answers": [{"text": "Taiwan", "answer_span": "defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1322}, {"text": "to Taiwan", "answer_span": " the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan", "answer_start": 1330}, {"text": "Taiwan.", "answer_span": "after Japan's defeat China's civil war resumed and in 1949 Mao's forces defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "Taiwan", "answer_span": "Taiwan", "answer_start": 1364}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Taiwan", "answer_span": "defeated the Nationalists who withdrew to Taiwan.", "answer_start": 1322}, "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3zpbjo59kp12f69s84pzapoi11odhr"}], "section_title": "Mao Zedong", "background": "Mao Zedong", "title": "Mao Zedong"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Louisiana is a state located in the Southern United States. Louisiana is the 31st most extensive and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States. Its capital is Baton Rouge and largest city is New Orleans. Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties. The largest parish by population is East Baton Rouge Parish, and the largest by total area is Plaquemines. Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west, and the Gulf of Mexico to the south. \n\nMuch of the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River, leaving enormous deltas and vast areas of coastal marsh and swamp. These contain a rich southern biota; typical examples include birds such as ibis and egrets. There are also many species of tree frogs, and fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish. In more elevated areas, fire is a natural process in the landscape, and has produced extensive areas of longleaf pine forest and wet savannas. These support an exceptionally large number of plant species, including many species of orchids and carnivorous plants. Louisiana has more Native American tribes than any other southern state, including four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four that have not yet received recognition.", "qas": [{"question": "Louisiana Which southern state has the most tribes?", "answers": [{"text": "Louisiana", "answer_span": "Louisiana has more Native American tribes than any other southern state", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "Louisiana", "answer_span": "Louisiana has more Native American tribes than any other southern state", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "Louisiana", "answer_span": " Louisiana has more Native American tribes", "answer_start": 1183}, {"text": "Louisiana", "answer_span": "Louisiana", "answer_start": 1184}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Louisiana", "answer_span": "Louisiana has more Native American tribes than any other southern state", "answer_start": 1184}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many in total?", "answers": [{"text": "18", "answer_span": "four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four", "answer_start": 1267}, {"text": "18", "answer_span": "Louisiana has more Native American tribes than any other southern state, including four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four that have not yet received recognition.", "answer_start": 1184}, {"text": "18", "answer_span": "four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four", "answer_start": 1267}, {"text": "18", "answer_span": " four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four ", "answer_start": 1266}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18", "answer_span": "four that are federally recognized, ten that are state recognized, and four", "answer_start": 1267}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there any not recognized?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "four that have not yet received recognition", "answer_start": 1338}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and four that have not yet received recognition.", "answer_start": 1334}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " and four that have not yet received recognition.", "answer_start": 1333}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "four that have not yet received recognition.", "answer_start": 1338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "four that have not yet received recognition", "answer_start": 1338}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 1338}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "and four that have not yet received recognition.", "answer_start": 1334}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": " four that have not yet received recognition.", "answer_start": 1337}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four ", "answer_start": 1338}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 1338}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many do the feds recognize?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "four that are federally recognized", "answer_start": 1267}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": " including four that are federally recognized,", "answer_start": 1256}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": " four that are federally recognized", "answer_start": 1266}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 1267}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four that are federally recognized", "answer_start": 1267}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about the state?", "answers": [{"text": "10", "answer_span": "ten that are state recognized", "answer_start": 1303}, {"text": "10", "answer_span": ", ten that are state recognized,", "answer_start": 1301}, {"text": "ten", "answer_span": "ten that are state recognized", "answer_start": 1303}, {"text": "ten", "answer_span": "ten", "answer_start": 1303}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10", "answer_span": "ten that are state recognized", "answer_start": 1303}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is LA located?", "answers": [{"text": "in the Southern United States", "answer_span": "Louisiana is a state located in the Southern United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Southern United States.", "answer_span": "Louisiana is a state located in the Southern United States.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "in the Southern United States", "answer_span": "Louisiana is a state located in the Southern United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Southern United States", "answer_span": "Southern United States", "answer_start": 36}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the Southern United States", "answer_span": "Louisiana is a state located in the Southern United States", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does it rank as far as people?", "answers": [{"text": "25th", "answer_span": " 25th most populous of the 50 United States", "answer_start": 104}, {"text": "25th", "answer_span": " Louisiana is the 31st most extensive and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States.", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "25th most populous", "answer_span": " 25th most populous", "answer_start": 104}, {"text": "25th", "answer_span": " 25th", "answer_start": 104}], "orig_answer": {"text": "25th", "answer_span": " 25th most populous of the 50 United States", "answer_start": 104}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And in size?", "answers": [{"text": "31st", "answer_span": "Louisiana is the 31st most extensive", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "31st", "answer_span": "Louisiana is the 31st most extensive and the 25th most populous of the 50 United States", "answer_start": 60}, {"text": "31st", "answer_span": "31st most extensive", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "31st", "answer_span": "31st", "answer_start": 77}], "orig_answer": {"text": "31st", "answer_span": "Louisiana is the 31st most extensive", "answer_start": 60}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the counties known as?", "answers": [{"text": "parishes", "answer_span": "termed parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties", "answer_start": 277}, {"text": "parishes,", "answer_span": "U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes,", "answer_start": 244}, {"text": "parishes", "answer_span": "parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties", "answer_start": 284}, {"text": "parishes", "answer_span": "parishes", "answer_start": 284}], "orig_answer": {"text": "parishes", "answer_span": "termed parishes, which are the local government's equivalent to counties", "answer_start": 277}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do other states have these?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes", "answer_start": 209}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": ". Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes,", "answer_start": 207}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes", "answer_start": 209}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Louisiana is the only state in the U.S. with political subdivisions termed parishes", "answer_start": 209}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the capitol?", "answers": [{"text": "Baton Rouge", "answer_span": "Its capital is Baton Rouge", "answer_start": 149}, {"text": "Baton Rouge", "answer_span": ". Its capital is Baton Rouge ", "answer_start": 147}, {"text": "Baton Rouge", "answer_span": " Its capital is Baton Rouge", "answer_start": 148}, {"text": "Baton Rouge", "answer_span": "Baton Rouge ", "answer_start": 164}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Baton Rouge", "answer_span": "Its capital is Baton Rouge", "answer_start": 149}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And the biggest city?", "answers": [{"text": "New Orleans", "answer_span": "largest city is New Orleans", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "New Orleans.", "answer_span": "and largest city is New Orleans.", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "New Orleans", "answer_span": "and largest city is New Orleans", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "New Orleans", "answer_span": "New Orleans", "answer_start": 196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New Orleans", "answer_span": "largest city is New Orleans", "answer_start": 180}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What formed the land?", "answers": [{"text": "from sediment washed down the Mississippi River", "answer_span": "Much of the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River", "answer_start": 589}, {"text": "sediment", "answer_span": "state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River,", "answer_start": 601}, {"text": "sediment", "answer_span": " the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River,", "answer_start": 596}, {"text": "sediment washed down the Mississippi River", "answer_span": "sediment washed down the Mississippi River", "answer_start": 632}], "orig_answer": {"text": "from sediment washed down the Mississippi River", "answer_span": "Much of the state's lands were formed from sediment washed down the Mississippi River", "answer_start": 589}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there many plants?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "These support an exceptionally large number of plant species", "answer_start": 1064}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "These support an exceptionally large number of plant species,", "answer_start": 1064}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "exceptionally large number of plant species", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "These support an exceptionally large number of plant species", "answer_start": 1064}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "These support an exceptionally large number of plant species", "answer_start": 1064}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What body of water is to the south?", "answers": [{"text": "the Gulf of Mexico", "answer_span": "the Gulf of Mexico to the south", "answer_start": 554}, {"text": "Gulf of Mexico", "answer_span": " Gulf of Mexico to the south. ", "answer_start": 557}, {"text": "the Gulf of Mexico", "answer_span": "Gulf of Mexico to the south. ", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "Gulf of Mexico", "answer_span": "Gulf of Mexico", "answer_start": 558}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Gulf of Mexico", "answer_span": "the Gulf of Mexico to the south", "answer_start": 554}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are any states neighbors?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west", "answer_start": 458}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west, ", "answer_start": 458}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Texas to the west", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west,", "answer_start": 482}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Louisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west", "answer_start": 458}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which ones?", "answers": [{"text": "Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west", "answer_span": "Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west", "answer_start": 483}, {"text": "Arkansas, Mississippi and Texas", "answer_span": "ouisiana is bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas t", "answer_start": 459}, {"text": "Arkansas, Mississippi and Texas", "answer_span": "bordered by Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas", "answer_start": 471}, {"text": "Arkansas, Mississippi and Texas", "answer_span": "Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas", "answer_start": 483}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west", "answer_span": "Arkansas to the north, Mississippi to the east, Texas to the west", "answer_start": 483}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of fish?", "answers": [{"text": "sturgeon and paddlefish", "answer_span": "fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish", "answer_start": 883}, {"text": "sturgeon and paddlefish.", "answer_span": " and fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish. ", "answer_start": 878}, {"text": "sturgeon", "answer_span": "fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish", "answer_start": 883}, {"text": "sturgeon and paddlefish.", "answer_span": "sturgeon and paddlefish.", "answer_start": 896}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sturgeon and paddlefish", "answer_span": "fish such as sturgeon and paddlefish", "answer_start": 883}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And birds?", "answers": [{"text": "ibis and egrets", "answer_span": "birds such as ibis and egrets", "answer_start": 805}, {"text": "ibis and egrets", "answer_span": "birds such as ibis and egrets", "answer_start": 805}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "include birds such as ibis and egrets", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "ibis and egrets", "answer_span": " ibis and egrets", "answer_start": 818}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ibis and egrets", "answer_span": "birds such as ibis and egrets", "answer_start": 805}, "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "32n49tqg3gi9z010tjf1zp7lodlvag"}], "section_title": "Louisiana", "background": "Louisiana", "title": "Louisiana"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Climate is the statistics of weather over long periods of time. It is measured by assessing the patterns of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods of time. Climate differs from weather, in that weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region. \n\nA region's climate is generated by the climate system, which has five components: atmosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere, lithosphere, and biosphere. \n\nThe climate of a location is affected by its latitude, terrain, and altitude, as well as nearby water bodies and their currents. Climates can be classified according to the average and the typical ranges of different variables, most commonly temperature and precipitation. The most commonly used classification scheme was the K\u00f6ppen climate classification. The Thornthwaite system, in use since 1948, incorporates evapotranspiration along with temperature and precipitation information and is used in studying biological diversity and how climate change affects it. The Bergeron and Spatial Synoptic Classification systems focus on the origin of air masses that define the climate of a region. \n\nPaleoclimatology is the study of ancient climates. Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century, paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral. Climate models are mathematical models of past, present and future climates. Climate change may occur over long and short timescales from a variety of factors; recent warming is discussed in global warming. Global warming results in redistributions. For example, \"a 3\u00b0C change in mean annual temperature corresponds to a shift in isotherms of approximately 300\u2013400 km in latitude (in the temperate zone) or 500 m in elevation. Therefore, species are expected to move upwards in elevation or towards the poles in latitude in response to shifting climate zones\".", "qas": [{"question": "Climate Were direct observations of the climate around before the 19th century?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century,", "answer_start": 1317}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century", "answer_start": 1317}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th centu", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century", "answer_start": 1323}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Since direct observations of climate are not available before the 19th century,", "answer_start": 1317}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is paleocimatology?", "answers": [{"text": "The study of ancient climates.", "answer_span": "Paleoclimatology is the study of ancient climates.", "answer_start": 1266}, {"text": "the study of ancient climates", "answer_span": "the study of ancient climates", "answer_start": 1286}, {"text": "the study of ancient climates", "answer_span": "the study of ancient climates", "answer_start": 1286}, {"text": "the study of ancient climates", "answer_span": " the study of ancient climates", "answer_start": 1285}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The study of ancient climates.", "answer_span": "Paleoclimatology is the study of ancient climates.", "answer_start": 1266}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are those climates called?", "answers": [{"text": "Paleoclimates.", "answer_span": "paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables", "answer_start": 1397}, {"text": "paleoclimates", "answer_span": "paleoclimates", "answer_start": 1397}, {"text": "paleoclimates", "answer_span": "paleoclimates", "answer_start": 1397}, {"text": "paleoclimates", "answer_span": "paleoclimates ", "answer_start": 1397}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paleoclimates.", "answer_span": "paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables", "answer_start": 1397}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of variables are used to study them?", "answers": [{"text": "Proxy variables.", "answer_span": "paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, ", "answer_start": 1397}, {"text": "proxy variables", "answer_span": "proxy variables ", "answer_start": 1429}, {"text": "proxy variables", "answer_span": " proxy variables", "answer_start": 1428}, {"text": "proxy variables", "answer_span": " proxy variables", "answer_start": 1428}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Proxy variables.", "answer_span": "paleoclimates are inferred from proxy variables that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, ", "answer_start": 1397}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are two categories that the evidence falls under?", "answers": [{"text": "Non-biotic and biotic.", "answer_span": "that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral. ", "answer_start": 1445}, {"text": "non-biotic evidence and biotic evidence", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence", "answer_start": 1458}, {"text": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence ", "answer_start": 1458}, {"text": "non-biotic and biotic", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic", "answer_start": 1458}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Non-biotic and biotic.", "answer_span": "that include non-biotic evidence such as sediments found in lake beds and ice cores, and biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral. ", "answer_start": 1445}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which one are sediments?", "answers": [{"text": "Non-biotic.", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments ", "answer_start": 1458}, {"text": "non-biotic", "answer_span": "non-biotic ", "answer_start": 1458}, {"text": "non-biotic evidence", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence", "answer_start": 1458}, {"text": "non-biotic", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments", "answer_start": 1458}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Non-biotic.", "answer_span": "non-biotic evidence such as sediments ", "answer_start": 1458}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where do scientists gather those?", "answers": [{"text": "In lake beds.", "answer_span": "sediments found in lake beds ", "answer_start": 1486}, {"text": "lake beds and ice cores", "answer_span": "lake beds and ice cores", "answer_start": 1505}, {"text": "n lake beds and ice cores,", "answer_span": "n lake beds and ice cores,", "answer_start": 1503}, {"text": "lake beds and ice cores", "answer_span": "lake beds and ice cores", "answer_start": 1505}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In lake beds.", "answer_span": "sediments found in lake beds ", "answer_start": 1486}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anywhere else?", "answers": [{"text": "Ice cores,", "answer_span": "in lake beds and ice cores,", "answer_start": 1502}, {"text": "ice cores", "answer_span": " ice cores", "answer_start": 1518}, {"text": "ice cores", "answer_span": " ice cores", "answer_start": 1518}, {"text": "ice cores", "answer_span": "ice cores", "answer_start": 1519}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ice cores,", "answer_span": "in lake beds and ice cores,", "answer_start": 1502}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do you know of any biotic evidence?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral.", "answer_start": 1534}, {"text": "tree rings", "answer_span": "tree rings", "answer_start": 1558}, {"text": "as tree rings and coral", "answer_span": " as tree rings and coral", "answer_start": 1554}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral", "answer_start": 1534}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral.", "answer_start": 1534}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What?", "answers": [{"text": "Tree rings.", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings", "answer_start": 1534}, {"text": "tree rings", "answer_span": " tree rings", "answer_start": 1557}, {"text": "tree rings and coral", "answer_span": " tree rings and coral", "answer_start": 1557}, {"text": "tree rings and coral.", "answer_span": " tree rings and coral.", "answer_start": 1557}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tree rings.", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings", "answer_start": 1534}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "Coral.", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral", "answer_start": 1534}, {"text": "coral", "answer_span": " coral", "answer_start": 1572}, {"text": "coral.", "answer_span": "coral.", "answer_start": 1573}, {"text": "coral", "answer_span": "coral", "answer_start": 1573}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Coral.", "answer_span": "biotic evidence such as tree rings and coral", "answer_start": 1534}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is climate?", "answers": [{"text": "Statistics of weather over long periods of time.", "answer_span": "Climate is the statistics of weather over long periods of time.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the statistics of weather over long periods of time", "answer_span": "the statistics of weather over long periods of time", "answer_start": 11}, {"text": "mathematical models of past,", "answer_span": " mathematical models of past,", "answer_start": 1598}, {"text": "the statistics of weather over long periods of time.", "answer_span": "the statistics of weather over long periods of time.", "answer_start": 11}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Statistics of weather over long periods of time.", "answer_span": "Climate is the statistics of weather over long periods of time.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the same as weather?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Climate differs from weather, ", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Climate differs from weather", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "is the statistics of weather over long periods of time", "answer_start": 8}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Climate differs from weather", "answer_start": 294}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Climate differs from weather, ", "answer_start": 294}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the difference?", "answers": [{"text": "Weather only describes the short-term conditions.", "answer_span": "Climate differs from weather, in that weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region. ", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region", "answer_span": "weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region", "answer_start": 332}, {"text": "weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region", "answer_span": "weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region", "answer_start": 332}, {"text": "weather only describes the short-term conditions", "answer_span": "weather only describes the short-term conditions", "answer_start": 332}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Weather only describes the short-term conditions.", "answer_span": "Climate differs from weather, in that weather only describes the short-term conditions of these variables in a given region. ", "answer_start": 294}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of patterns are examined to measure climate?", "answers": [{"text": "Variation in temperature.", "answer_span": " the patterns of variation in temperature", "answer_start": 91}, {"text": "variation in temperature", "answer_span": "variation in temperature", "answer_start": 108}, {"text": "variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count", "answer_span": " variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "patterns of variation", "answer_span": "patterns of variation", "answer_start": 96}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Variation in temperature.", "answer_span": " the patterns of variation in temperature", "answer_start": 91}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation.", "answer_span": "patterns of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation,", "answer_start": 96}, {"text": "humidity", "answer_span": "humidity", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "humidity,", "answer_span": "humidity,", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "humidity", "answer_span": "humidity", "answer_start": 134}], "orig_answer": {"text": "humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation.", "answer_span": "patterns of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation,", "answer_start": 96}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they studied regionally or for the whole world?", "answers": [{"text": "Regionally.", "answer_span": " variables in a given region ", "answer_start": 238}, {"text": "in a given region", "answer_span": "in a given region", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "regionally", "answer_span": "n a given region", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "regionally", "answer_span": "in a given region", "answer_start": 249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Regionally.", "answer_span": " variables in a given region ", "answer_start": 238}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What creates a region's climate?", "answers": [{"text": "The climate system.", "answer_span": "A region's climate is generated by the climate system,", "answer_start": 421}, {"text": "the climate system", "answer_span": "the climate system", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "the climate system", "answer_span": " the climate system", "answer_start": 455}, {"text": "the climate system", "answer_span": "the climate system", "answer_start": 456}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The climate system.", "answer_span": "A region's climate is generated by the climate system,", "answer_start": 421}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many parts does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "Five.", "answer_span": "system, which has five components:", "answer_start": 468}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "has five components", "answer_start": 482}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 486}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five ", "answer_start": 486}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Five.", "answer_span": "system, which has five components:", "answer_start": 468}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is one of them the atmosphere?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " five components: atmosphere, hydrosphere,", "answer_start": 485}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "atmosphere", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "atmosphere,", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "atmosphere", "answer_start": 503}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " five components: atmosphere, hydrosphere,", "answer_start": 485}, "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "336yqze83vet37vakvnt4i8m5645mz"}], "section_title": "Climate", "background": "Climate", "title": "Climate"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, and is the molecular unit of heredity.:Glossary The transmission of genes to an organism's offspring is the basis of the inheritance of phenotypic traits. Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) as well as the gene\u2013environment interactions. Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life. \n\nGenes can acquire mutations in their sequence, leading to different variants, known as alleles, in the population. These alleles encode slightly different versions of a protein, which cause different phenotype traits. Colloquial usage of the term \"having a gene\" (e.g., \"good genes,\" \"hair colour gene\") typically refers to having a different allele of the gene. Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.", "qas": [{"question": "Gene do genes evolve?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.", "answer_start": 951}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Genes evolve", "answer_start": 952}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Genes can acquire mutations ", "answer_start": 589}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Genes evolve ", "answer_start": 952}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Genes evolve due to natural selection or survival of the fittest of the alleles.", "answer_start": 951}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are polygenes?", "answers": [{"text": "many different genes", "answer_span": " Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) ", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "many different genes", "answer_span": "many different genes", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "many different genes", "answer_span": "many different genes", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "many different genes", "answer_span": "many different genes)", "answer_start": 303}], "orig_answer": {"text": "many different genes", "answer_span": " Most biological traits are under the influence of polygenes (many different genes) ", "answer_start": 241}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are all genetic traits visible?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, ", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "some are not", "answer_start": 457}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Some genetic traits are instantly visible", "answer_start": 370}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "some are not", "answer_start": 457}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, ", "answer_start": 371}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "can genes mutate?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "\nGenes can acquire mutations in their sequence", "answer_start": 588}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "acquire mutations", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Genes can acquire mutations", "answer_start": 589}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Genes can acquire mutations", "answer_start": 589}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "\nGenes can acquire mutations in their sequence", "answer_start": 588}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are different variants of genes called?", "answers": [{"text": "alleles", "answer_span": "different variants, known as alleles,", "answer_start": 647}, {"text": "alleles", "answer_span": "known as alleles", "answer_start": 667}, {"text": "alleles", "answer_span": "alleles", "answer_start": 676}, {"text": "alleles", "answer_span": "alleles", "answer_start": 676}], "orig_answer": {"text": "alleles", "answer_span": "different variants, known as alleles,", "answer_start": 647}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many specific genetic traits are named?", "answers": [{"text": "Five", "answer_span": "Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life. ", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life.", "answer_start": 414}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases", "answer_start": 422}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": " eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases,", "answer_start": 421}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs, and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life. ", "answer_start": 371}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is a locus also called?", "answers": [{"text": "Region", "answer_span": "locus (or region", "answer_start": 12}, {"text": "region", "answer_span": "or region", "answer_start": 19}, {"text": "region", "answer_span": "region", "answer_start": 22}, {"text": "region", "answer_span": "region", "answer_start": 22}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Region", "answer_span": "locus (or region", "answer_start": 12}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is eye color visible?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs,", "answer_start": 370}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "instantly visible, such as eye colour", "answer_start": 395}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "such as eye colour ", "answer_start": 414}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "visible, such as eye colour", "answer_start": 405}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Some genetic traits are instantly visible, such as eye colour or number of limbs,", "answer_start": 370}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is blood type visible?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life. ", "answer_start": 453}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " such as blood type", "answer_start": 470}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " blood type", "answer_start": 478}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "some are not, such as blood type", "answer_start": 457}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "and some are not, such as blood type, risk for specific diseases, or the thousands of basic biochemical processes that comprise life. ", "answer_start": 453}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are genes related to DNA?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA t", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "of DNA", "answer_start": 30}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA t", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is a gene?", "answers": [{"text": "DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product", "answer_span": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "A locus of DNA", "answer_span": "locus (or region) of DNA", "answer_start": 12}, {"text": "a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product", "answer_span": "a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product", "answer_start": 10}, {"text": "a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product", "answer_span": "a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product", "answer_start": 10}], "orig_answer": {"text": "DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product", "answer_span": "A gene is a locus (or region) of DNA that encodes a functional RNA or protein product, ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3quo65dnquoyop61ycae4yp7zexuoo"}], "section_title": "Gene", "background": "Gene", "title": "Gene"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Royal Victorian Order () is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896 by Queen Victoria. It recognises distinguished personal service to the monarch of the Commonwealth realms, members of the monarch's family, or to any viceroy or senior representative of the monarch. The present monarch, Queen Elizabeth II, is the Sovereign of the order, its motto is \"Victoria\", and its official day is 20 June. The order's chapel is the Savoy Chapel in London. \n\nThere are no limits on the number honoured, and admission remains at the sole discretion of the monarch, with each of the order's five grades and one medal with three levels representing different levels of service. While all those honoured may use the prescribed styles of the order\u2014the top two grades grant titles of knighthood, and all grades accord distinct post-nominal letters\u2014the Royal Victorian Order's precedence amongst other honours differs from realm to realm and admission to some grades may be barred to citizens of those realms by government policy. \n\nPrior to the close of the 19th century, most general honours within the British Empire were bestowed by the sovereign on the advice of her British ministers, who sometimes forwarded advice from ministers of the Crown in the Dominions and colonies (appointments to the then most senior orders of chivalry\u2014the Most Noble Order of the Garter and the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle\u2014had been made on ministerial advice since the 18th century and were not restored to the personal gift of the sovereign until 1946 and 1947, respectively). Queen Victoria thus established on 21 April 1896 the Royal Victorian Order as a junior and personal order of knighthood that allowed her to bestow directly to an empire-wide community honours for personal services. The organisation was founded a year preceding Victoria's Diamond Jubilee, so as to give the Queen time to complete a list of first inductees. The order's official day was made 20 June of each year, marking the anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "qas": [{"question": "Royal Victorian Order What is the name of the order being discussed?", "answers": [{"text": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Royal Victorian", "answer_span": "Royal Victorian", "answer_start": 4}, {"text": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of order is it?", "answers": [{"text": "a dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order () is a dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order () is a dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "knighthood", "answer_span": "knighthood", "answer_start": 52}, {"text": "dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_span": "dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_start": 34}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order () is a dynastic order of knighthood", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is its chapel?", "answers": [{"text": "Savoy Chapel", "answer_span": "The order's chapel is the Savoy Chapel in London. \n", "answer_start": 412}, {"text": "London.", "answer_span": "The order's chapel is the Savoy Chapel in London.", "answer_start": 412}, {"text": "Savoy", "answer_span": "Savoy", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "Savoy Chapel in London", "answer_span": "Savoy Chapel in London", "answer_start": 438}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Savoy Chapel", "answer_span": "The order's chapel is the Savoy Chapel in London. \n", "answer_start": 412}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Before the 19th century, who gave honors?", "answers": [{"text": "bestowed by the sovereign on the advice of her British ministers,", "answer_span": "Prior to the close of the 19th century, most general honours within the British Empire were bestowed by the sovereign on the advice of her British ministers, ", "answer_start": 1031}, {"text": "The sovereign.", "answer_span": "Prior to the close of the 19th century, most general honours within the British Empire were bestowed by the sovereign on the advice of her British ministers,", "answer_start": 1031}, {"text": "Queen Victoria", "answer_span": "Queen Victoria", "answer_start": 86}, {"text": "British ministers", "answer_span": "British ministers", "answer_start": 1170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "bestowed by the sovereign on the advice of her British ministers,", "answer_span": "Prior to the close of the 19th century, most general honours within the British Empire were bestowed by the sovereign on the advice of her British ministers, ", "answer_start": 1031}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the official day of the order?", "answers": [{"text": "20 June.", "answer_span": "ts official day is 20 June.", "answer_start": 384}, {"text": "20 June", "answer_span": " its motto is \"Victoria\", and its official day is 20 June", "answer_start": 353}, {"text": "20 June", "answer_span": "20 June", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "20 June", "answer_span": "20 June", "answer_start": 403}], "orig_answer": {"text": "20 June.", "answer_span": "ts official day is 20 June.", "answer_start": 384}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the date mark?", "answers": [{"text": "Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "answer_span": "he order's official day was made 20 June of each year, marking the anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "answer_start": 1940}, {"text": "The anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "answer_span": "marking the anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "answer_start": 1995}, {"text": "Queen Victoria's accession to the throne", "answer_span": "Queen Victoria's accession to the throne", "answer_start": 2022}, {"text": "Queen Victoria's accession to the throne", "answer_span": "Queen Victoria's accession to the throne", "answer_start": 2022}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "answer_span": "he order's official day was made 20 June of each year, marking the anniversary of Queen Victoria's accession to the throne.", "answer_start": 1940}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did she create the order?", "answers": [{"text": "1896", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order () is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "21 April 1896", "answer_span": " Queen Victoria thus established on 21 April 1896 the Royal Victorian Order", "answer_start": 1581}, {"text": "1896", "answer_span": "1896", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "1896", "answer_span": "1896 ", "answer_start": 78}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1896", "answer_span": "The Royal Victorian Order () is a dynastic order of knighthood established in 1896", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "On what day?", "answers": [{"text": "21 April 1896", "answer_span": " 21 April 1896", "answer_start": 1616}, {"text": "21 April", "answer_span": "Queen Victoria thus established on 21 April", "answer_start": 1582}, {"text": "20 June", "answer_span": "20 June", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "21 April 1896", "answer_span": "21 April 1896", "answer_start": 1617}], "orig_answer": {"text": "21 April 1896", "answer_span": " 21 April 1896", "answer_start": 1616}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's its motto?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Victoria\"", "answer_span": "its motto is \"Victoria\"", "answer_start": 354}, {"text": "\"Victoria\"", "answer_span": "is the Sovereign of the order, its motto is \"Victoria\"", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "Victoria", "answer_span": "Victoria", "answer_start": 368}, {"text": "Victoria", "answer_span": "Victoria", "answer_start": 368}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Victoria\"", "answer_span": "its motto is \"Victoria\"", "answer_start": 354}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of service does it reward?", "answers": [{"text": "distinguished personal service", "answer_span": " It recognises distinguished personal service", "answer_start": 101}, {"text": "Distinguished personal service to the monarch", "answer_span": "It recognises distinguished personal service to the monarch of the Commonwealth realms", "answer_start": 102}, {"text": "distinguished personal service", "answer_span": "distinguished personal service", "answer_start": 116}, {"text": "personal service", "answer_span": "personal service", "answer_start": 130}], "orig_answer": {"text": "distinguished personal service", "answer_span": " It recognises distinguished personal service", "answer_start": 101}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many can be rewarded?", "answers": [{"text": "unlimited", "answer_span": "There are no limits on the number honoured", "answer_start": 464}, {"text": "There are no limits.", "answer_span": "There are no limits on the number honoured", "answer_start": 464}, {"text": "no limits", "answer_span": "no limits", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "no limits", "answer_span": "no limits", "answer_start": 474}], "orig_answer": {"text": "unlimited", "answer_span": "There are no limits on the number honoured", "answer_start": 464}, "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "35bldd71i6xa08985bv0giyux1hzvg"}], "section_title": "Royal Victorian Order", "background": "Royal Victorian Order", "title": "Royal Victorian Order"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization that delivers global coverage via its website, weekly magazine, daily news briefing, email newsletters, Amazon Kindle subscription, and mobile site. It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. , the print circulation was 75,052. \n\nThe \"Monitor\" is a newspaper that covers international and United States current events. The paper includes a daily religious feature on \"The Home Forum\" page, but states the publication is not a platform for evangelizing. \n\nIn 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version to focus on web-based publishing, replacing its daily print edition with a weekly news magazine with an international focus. Mark Sappenfield became the editor in March of 2017. \n\nDespite its name, the \"Monitor\" does not claim to be a religious-themed paper, and says it does not promote the doctrine of its patron church. However, at its founder Eddy's request, a daily religious article has appeared in every issue of the \"Monitor\". Eddy also required the inclusion of \"Christian Science\" in the paper's name, over initial opposition by some of her advisors who thought the religious reference might repel a secular audience. \n\nThe \"Monitor\"'s inception was, in part, a response by Eddy to the journalism of her day, which relentlessly covered the sensations and scandals surrounding her new religion with varying degrees of accuracy. In addition, Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\" was consistently critical of Eddy, and this, along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\", furthered Eddy's decision to found her own media outlet.", "qas": [{"question": "The Christian Science Monitor What does CSM stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Christian Science Monitor", "answer_span": "he Christian Science Monitor (CSM)", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "Christian Science Monitor", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Christian Science Monitor", "answer_span": "Christian Science Monitor", "answer_start": 4}, {"text": "Christian Science Monitor", "answer_span": "Christian Science Monitor ", "answer_start": 4}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Christian Science Monitor", "answer_span": "he Christian Science Monitor (CSM)", "answer_start": 1}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are they?", "answers": [{"text": "an international news organization", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "international news organization", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "an international news organization", "answer_span": "an international news organization", "answer_start": 39}, {"text": "an international news organization", "answer_span": "an international news organization", "answer_start": 39}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an international news organization", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do they have a website?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization that delivers global coverage via its website", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization that delivers global coverage via its website, weekly magazine, daily news briefing, email newsletters, A", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " via its website", "answer_start": 103}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "its website", "answer_start": 108}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is an international news organization that delivers global coverage via its website", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who was the founder?", "answers": [{"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": " It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 222}, {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": "Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. ,", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy,", "answer_span": "Mary Baker Eddy,", "answer_start": 249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": " It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 222}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did she start it?", "answers": [{"text": "1908", "answer_span": "started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 230}, {"text": "1908", "answer_span": " It was started in 1908", "answer_start": 222}, {"text": "1908", "answer_span": "1908", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "1908", "answer_span": " 1908", "answer_start": 240}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1908", "answer_span": "started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 230}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did she also start?", "answers": [{"text": "the Church of Christ, Scientist.", "answer_span": "Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. ", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "the Church of Christ, Scientist. ,", "answer_span": " the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. , ", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "the Church of Christ, Scientist.", "answer_span": "the Church of Christ, Scientist.", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "the Church of Christ, Scientist", "answer_span": "the Church of Christ, Scientist", "answer_start": 281}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Church of Christ, Scientist.", "answer_span": "Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. ", "answer_start": 249}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they offer daily print version?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "the print circulation", "answer_start": 316}, {"text": "75,052", "answer_span": ". It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. , the print circulation was 75,052", "answer_start": 221}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the print circulation was 75,052", "answer_start": 315}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "daily print ", "answer_start": 616}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "the print circulation", "answer_start": 316}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it still offered or is it discontinued?", "answers": [{"text": "discontinued", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "discontinued", "answer_span": "discontinued its daily print version", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "discontinued", "answer_span": " discontinued i", "answer_start": 598}], "orig_answer": {"text": "discontinued", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version", "answer_start": 577}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it stop?", "answers": [{"text": "In 2008", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "2008", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version to focus on web-based publishing, r", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "In 2008", "answer_span": "In 2008", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "2008", "answer_span": " 2008", "answer_start": 579}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In 2008", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version", "answer_start": 577}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why did it stop?", "answers": [{"text": "to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_span": "discontinued its daily print version to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "To focus on web-based publishing,", "answer_span": "In 2008 the \"Monitor\" discontinued its daily print version to focus on web-based publishing,", "answer_start": 577}, {"text": "to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_span": " to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_span": "to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_start": 636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_span": "discontinued its daily print version to focus on web-based publishing", "answer_start": 599}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who's the editor?", "answers": [{"text": "Mark Sappenfield", "answer_span": "Mark Sappenfield became the editor", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "Mark Sappenfield", "answer_span": "Mark Sappenfield became the editor in March of 2017. \n", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "Mark Sappenfield", "answer_span": "Mark Sappenfield", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "Mark Sappenfield", "answer_span": " Mark Sappenfield", "answer_start": 760}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mark Sappenfield", "answer_span": "Mark Sappenfield became the editor", "answer_start": 761}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he start?", "answers": [{"text": "2017", "answer_span": "Mark Sappenfield became the editor in March of 2017", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "March of 2017.", "answer_span": ". Mark Sappenfield became the editor in March of 2017. \n", "answer_start": 759}, {"text": "in March of 2017", "answer_span": "in March of 2017", "answer_start": 796}, {"text": "March of 2017", "answer_span": " March of 2017", "answer_start": 798}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2017", "answer_span": "Mark Sappenfield became the editor in March of 2017", "answer_start": 761}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the Monitor a religious themed paper?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Despite its name, the \"Monitor\" does not claim to be a religious-themed paper,", "answer_start": 816}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Despite its name, the \"Monitor\" does not claim to be a religious-themed paper,", "answer_start": 816}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "does not claim to be a religious-themed paper", "answer_start": 848}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "does not claim to be a religious-themed paper,", "answer_start": 848}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Despite its name, the \"Monitor\" does not claim to be a religious-themed paper,", "answer_start": 816}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is the Founder?", "answers": [{"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": "It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": " Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. ,", "answer_start": 248}, {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "Eddy", "answer_span": "Eddy", "answer_start": 983}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_span": "It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy", "answer_start": 223}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was critical of her?", "answers": [{"text": "New York World", "answer_span": "New York World\" was consistently critical of Eddy", "answer_start": 1505}, {"text": "some of her advisors", "answer_span": "Eddy also required the inclusion of \"Christian Science\" in the paper's name, over initial opposition by some of her advisors who thought the religious reference might repel a secular audience. ", "answer_start": 1071}, {"text": "Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\"", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\"", "answer_start": 1486}, {"text": "some of her advisor", "answer_span": "some of her advisor", "answer_start": 1175}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New York World", "answer_span": "New York World\" was consistently critical of Eddy", "answer_start": 1505}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who owned that?", "answers": [{"text": "Joseph Pulitzer", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\" ", "answer_start": 1486}, {"text": "Joseph Pulitzer's", "answer_span": " Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\" was consistently critical of Eddy,", "answer_start": 1485}, {"text": "Joseph Pulitzer", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer", "answer_start": 1486}, {"text": "Joseph Pulitzer", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer", "answer_start": 1486}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Joseph Pulitzer", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\" ", "answer_start": 1486}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he influence Eddy to start the Monitor?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\" was consistently critical of Eddy, and this, along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\", furthered Eddy's decision to found her own media outlet.", "answer_start": 1486}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "and this, along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\", furthered Eddy's decision to found her own media outlet.", "answer_start": 1556}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "furthered Eddy's decision to found her own media outlet.", "answer_start": 1614}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "furthered Eddy's decision", "answer_start": 1614}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Joseph Pulitzer's \"New York World\" was consistently critical of Eddy, and this, along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\", furthered Eddy's decision to found her own media outlet.", "answer_start": 1486}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did another bad article appear?", "answers": [{"text": "McClure's", "answer_span": "along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\"", "answer_start": 1566}, {"text": "\"McClure's\"", "answer_span": "along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\"", "answer_start": 1566}, {"text": "in \"McClure's", "answer_span": " in \"McClure's", "answer_start": 1597}, {"text": "McClure's", "answer_span": "McClure's", "answer_start": 1602}], "orig_answer": {"text": "McClure's", "answer_span": "along with a derogatory article in \"McClure's\"", "answer_start": 1566}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How much circulation does CSM have?", "answers": [{"text": "the print circulation was 75,052.", "answer_span": "the print circulation was 75,052. ", "answer_start": 316}, {"text": "75,052.", "answer_span": "It was started in 1908 by Mary Baker Eddy, the founder of the Church of Christ, Scientist. , the print circulation was 75,052. ", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "75,052", "answer_span": "75,052", "answer_start": 342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the print circulation was 75,052.", "answer_span": "the print circulation was 75,052. ", "answer_start": 316}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwo01fh"}], "section_title": "The Christian Science Monitor", "background": "The Christian Science Monitor", "title": "The Christian Science Monitor"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Cork was originally a monastic settlement, reputedly founded by Saint Finbarr in the 6th century. Cork achieved an urban character at some point between 915 and 922 when Norseman (Viking) settlers founded a trading port. It has been proposed that, like Dublin, Cork was an important trading centre in the global Scandinavian trade network. The ecclesiastical settlement continued alongside the Viking longphort, with the two developing a type of symbiotic relationship; the Norsemen providing otherwise unobtainable trade goods for the monastery, and perhaps also military aid. \n\nThe city's charter was granted by Prince John, as Lord of Ireland, in 1185. The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today. For much of the Middle Ages, Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture in the midst of a predominantly hostile Gaelic countryside and cut off from the English government in the Pale around Dublin. Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords extorted \"Black Rent\" from the citizens to keep them from attacking the city. The present extent of the city has exceeded the medieval boundaries of the Barony of Cork City; it now takes in much of the neighbouring Barony of Cork. Together, these baronies are located between the Barony of Barrymore to the east, Muskerry East to the west and Kerrycurrihy to the south.", "qas": [{"question": "Cork (city) Who granted the city's charter?", "answers": [{"text": "Prince John", "answer_span": "The city's charter was granted by Prince John", "answer_start": 580}, {"text": "Prince John", "answer_span": "Prince John", "answer_start": 614}, {"text": "Prince John", "answer_span": " Prince John", "answer_start": 613}, {"text": "Prince John", "answer_span": "The city's charter was granted by Prince John", "answer_start": 580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Prince John", "answer_span": "The city's charter was granted by Prince John", "answer_start": 580}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was his title?", "answers": [{"text": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_span": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_span": "Lord of Ireland,", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_span": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_span": " Prince John, as Lord of Ireland", "answer_start": 613}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_span": "Lord of Ireland", "answer_start": 630}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of settlement was Cork originally?", "answers": [{"text": "monastic", "answer_span": "Cork was originally a monastic settlement", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "outpost", "answer_span": "outpost", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "a monastic settlement", "answer_span": "a monastic settlement", "answer_start": 20}, {"text": "monastic", "answer_span": "Cork was originally a monastic settlement", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "monastic", "answer_span": "Cork was originally a monastic settlement", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Founded by whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_span": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_span": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_span": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_span": "reputedly founded by Saint Finbarr", "answer_start": 43}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_span": "Saint Finbarr", "answer_start": 64}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "6th century", "answer_span": "in the 6th century", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "6th century", "answer_span": "6th century", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "6th century", "answer_span": " 6th century", "answer_start": 84}, {"text": "in the 6th century", "answer_span": "Saint Finbarr in the 6th century", "answer_start": 64}], "orig_answer": {"text": "6th century", "answer_span": "in the 6th century", "answer_start": 78}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was cork a trading center for Alaskans?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "global Scandinavian trade network", "answer_start": 305}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Cork achieved an urban character at some point between 915 and 922 when Norseman (Viking)", "answer_start": 97}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Norseman (Viking) settlers founded a trading port.", "answer_start": 170}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "global Scandinavian trade network", "answer_start": 305}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was Cork an important trading centre for?", "answers": [{"text": "Scandinavians", "answer_span": "Scandinavian", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "Scandinavian trade network", "answer_span": "Scandinavian trade network", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "Scandinavians", "answer_span": "Scandinavian ", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "the global Scandinavian trade network", "answer_span": "Cork was an important trading centre in the global Scandinavian trade network", "answer_start": 261}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Scandinavians", "answer_span": "Scandinavian", "answer_start": 312}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who provided military aid?", "answers": [{"text": "the Norsemen", "answer_span": "the Norsemen", "answer_start": 470}, {"text": "Norsemen", "answer_span": "Norsemen", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "the Norsemen", "answer_span": "the Norsemen ", "answer_start": 470}, {"text": "the Norsemen", "answer_span": "the Norsemen providing otherwise unobtainable trade goods for the monastery, and perhaps also military aid", "answer_start": 470}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Norsemen", "answer_span": "the Norsemen", "answer_start": 470}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are all of the walls gone from the city?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " some wall sections and gates remain today", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " once fully walled", "answer_start": 668}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " The city was once fully walled, and some wall sections and gates remain today.", "answer_start": 655}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "and some wall sections and gates remain today", "answer_start": 688}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " some wall sections and gates remain today", "answer_start": 691}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who extorted black rent?", "answers": [{"text": "Neighbouring lords", "answer_span": "Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords", "answer_start": 938}, {"text": "Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords", "answer_span": "Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords", "answer_start": 938}, {"text": "Norman lords", "answer_span": "Norman lords", "answer_start": 970}, {"text": "Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords", "answer_span": "Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords extorted \"Black Rent\"", "answer_start": 951}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Neighbouring lords", "answer_span": "Neighbouring Gaelic and Hiberno-Norman lords", "answer_start": 938}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why?", "answers": [{"text": "to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_span": "to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_start": 1023}, {"text": "keep them from attacking the city", "answer_span": "keep them from attacking the city", "answer_start": 1026}, {"text": "to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_span": " to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_start": 1022}, {"text": "to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_span": "Black Rent\" from the citizens to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_start": 993}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_span": "to keep them from attacking the city", "answer_start": 1023}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was Cork an outpost of New English culture?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "outpost of Old English culture ", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " was an outpost of Old English culture", "answer_start": 773}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Old English culture", "answer_start": 791}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Cork city was an outpost of Old English culture", "answer_start": 764}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "outpost of Old English culture ", "answer_start": 781}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did Cork get an urban character", "answers": [{"text": "between 915 and 922", "answer_span": "some point between 915 and 922", "answer_start": 134}, {"text": "between 915 and 922", "answer_span": "between 915 and 922", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "between 915 and 922", "answer_span": "between 915 and 922 ", "answer_start": 145}, {"text": "at some point between 915 and 922", "answer_span": "Cork achieved an urban character at some point between 915 and 922", "answer_start": 98}], "orig_answer": {"text": "between 915 and 922", "answer_span": "some point between 915 and 922", "answer_start": 134}, "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3e47sobeyqws69eyeqc9qv7fg5kic0"}], "section_title": "Cork (city)", "background": "Cork (city)", "title": "Cork (city)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A social class (or, simply, class), as in class society, is a set of subjectively defined concepts in the social sciences and political theory centered on models of social stratification in which people are grouped into a set of hierarchical social categories, the most common being the upper, middle, and lower classes. \n\nClass is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists, and social historians. However, there is not a consensus on a definition of \"class\", and the term has a wide range of sometimes conflicting meanings. In common parlance, the term \"social class\" is usually synonymous with \"socio-economic class\", defined as \"people having the same social, economic, cultural, political or educational status\", e.g., \"the working class\"; \"an emerging professional class\". However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status, with the former referring to one\u2019s relatively stable sociocultural background and the latter referring to one\u2019s current social and economic situation and, consequently, being more changeable over time. \n\nThe precise measurements of what determines social class in society has varied over time. Karl Marx thought \"class\" was defined by one's relationship to the means of production (their relations of production). His simple understanding of classes in modern capitalist society, are the proletariat, those who work but do not own the means of production; and the bourgeoisie, those who invest and live off of the surplus generated by the former. This contrasts with the view of the sociologist Max Weber, who argued \"class\" is determined by economic position, in contrast to \"social status\" or \"\"Stand\"\" which is determined by social prestige rather than simply just relations of production.", "qas": [{"question": "Social class What is one group that analyzes classes?", "answers": [{"text": "sociologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "sociologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "social sciences", "answer_span": "class society, is a set of subjectively defined concepts in the social sciences", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "sociologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists", "answer_start": 323}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sociologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists", "answer_start": 323}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Ad another?", "answers": [{"text": "political scientists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "political scientists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "political scientists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "political scientists", "answer_span": "political scientists", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "political scientists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists", "answer_start": 323}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And one more?", "answers": [{"text": "anthropologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "anthropologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "anthropologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "anthropologists", "answer_span": "anthropologists", "answer_start": 394}], "orig_answer": {"text": "anthropologists", "answer_span": "Class is a subject of analysis for sociologists, political scientists, anthropologists", "answer_start": 323}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does everyone agree on what class means?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "there is not a consensus on a definition of \"class\"", "answer_start": 443}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the term has a wide range of sometimes conflicting meanings", "answer_start": 500}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "there is not a consensus on a definition of \"class\"", "answer_start": 443}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The precise measurements of what determines social class in society has varied over time", "answer_start": 1088}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "there is not a consensus on a definition of \"class\"", "answer_start": 443}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which two terms are generally the same in common usage?", "answers": [{"text": "\"social class\" and \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_span": "In common parlance, the term \"social class\" is usually synonymous with \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_start": 561}, {"text": "social class and socio-economic class", "answer_span": "In common parlance, the term \"social class\" is usually synonymous with \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_start": 561}, {"text": "social class and socio-economic class", "answer_span": "the term \"social class\" is usually synonymous with \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_start": 581}, {"text": "\"social class and socio-economic class", "answer_span": " \"social class\" is usually synonymous with \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_start": 589}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"social class\" and \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_span": "In common parlance, the term \"social class\" is usually synonymous with \"socio-economic class\"", "answer_start": 561}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do scholars think they are the same?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status", "answer_start": 814}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status", "answer_start": 814}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "True or False: Scholars consider social class to be more changeable than the other term.", "answers": [{"text": "False", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status, with the former referring to one\u2019s relatively stable sociocultural background and the latter referring to one\u2019s current social and economic situation and, consequently, being more changeable over time.", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status, with the former referring to one\u2019s relatively stable sociocultural background and the latter referring to one\u2019s current social and economic situation", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "latter referring to one\u2019s current social and economic situation and, consequently, being more changeable over time", "answer_start": 970}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status, with the former referring to one\u2019s relatively stable sociocultural background and the latter referring to one\u2019s current social and economic situation and, consequently, being more changeable over time. ", "answer_start": 814}], "orig_answer": {"text": "False", "answer_span": "However, academics distinguish social class and socioeconomic status, with the former referring to one\u2019s relatively stable sociocultural background and the latter referring to one\u2019s current social and economic situation and, consequently, being more changeable over time.", "answer_start": 814}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By what relationship did Marx define class?", "answers": [{"text": "the means of production", "answer_span": "Karl Marx thought \"class\" was defined by one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_start": 1178}, {"text": "by one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_span": "Karl Marx thought \"class\" was defined by one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_start": 1178}, {"text": "one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_span": "Marx thought \"class\" was defined by one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_start": 1183}, {"text": "one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_span": "Karl Marx thought \"class\" was defined by one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_start": 1178}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the means of production", "answer_span": "Karl Marx thought \"class\" was defined by one's relationship to the means of production", "answer_start": 1178}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which group did not own that means?", "answers": [{"text": "proletariat", "answer_span": " are the proletariat, those who work but do not own the means of production", "answer_start": 1363}, {"text": "the proletariat", "answer_span": "the proletariat, those who work but do not own the means of production", "answer_start": 1368}, {"text": "the proletariat", "answer_span": "are the proletariat, those who work but do not own the means of production", "answer_start": 1364}, {"text": "the proletariat,", "answer_span": "the proletariat, those who work but do not own the means of production; ", "answer_start": 1368}], "orig_answer": {"text": "proletariat", "answer_span": " are the proletariat, those who work but do not own the means of production", "answer_start": 1363}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the other group called?", "answers": [{"text": "bourgeoisie", "answer_span": "and the bourgeoisie", "answer_start": 1440}, {"text": "the bourgeoisie", "answer_span": "the bourgeoisie, those who invest and live off of the surplus generated by the former", "answer_start": 1444}, {"text": "bourgeoisie", "answer_span": "and the bourgeoisie", "answer_start": 1440}, {"text": "the bourgeoisie", "answer_span": "the bourgeoisie", "answer_start": 1444}], "orig_answer": {"text": "bourgeoisie", "answer_span": "and the bourgeoisie", "answer_start": 1440}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they live off?", "answers": [{"text": "surplus generated by the former", "answer_span": "the bourgeoisie, those who invest and live off of the surplus generated by the former", "answer_start": 1444}, {"text": "the surplus generated by the proletariat", "answer_span": "the bourgeoisie, those who invest and live off of the surplus generated by the former", "answer_start": 1444}, {"text": "the surplus generated by the proletariat", "answer_span": " those who invest and live off of the surplus generated by the former", "answer_start": 1460}, {"text": "the surplus generated by the proletariat", "answer_span": "d live off of the surplus generated by the former. ", "answer_start": 1480}], "orig_answer": {"text": "surplus generated by the former", "answer_span": "the bourgeoisie, those who invest and live off of the surplus generated by the former", "answer_start": 1444}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of society did Mark see these classes in?", "answers": [{"text": "modern capitalist society", "answer_span": "modern capitalist society", "answer_start": 1337}, {"text": "modern capitalist society", "answer_span": "His simple understanding of classes in modern capitalist society", "answer_start": 1298}, {"text": "capitalist", "answer_span": " in modern capitalist society", "answer_start": 1333}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "modern capitalist society", "answer_span": "modern capitalist society", "answer_start": 1337}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was his theory very complex?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "His simple understanding of classes in modern capitalist society", "answer_start": 1298}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "His simple understanding", "answer_start": 1298}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "His simple understanding of classes", "answer_start": 1298}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "His simple understanding", "answer_start": 1298}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "His simple understanding of classes in modern capitalist society", "answer_start": 1298}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Weber have the same ideas?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "This contrasts with the view of the sociologist Max Weber", "answer_start": 1531}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "This contrasts with the view of the sociologist Max Weber", "answer_start": 1531}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " This contrasts with the view of the sociologist Max Weber", "answer_start": 1530}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "This contrasts with the view of the sociologist Max Weber", "answer_start": 1531}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "This contrasts with the view of the sociologist Max Weber", "answer_start": 1531}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Weber think class was decided by?", "answers": [{"text": "economic position", "answer_span": " Max Weber, who argued \"class\" is determined by economic position", "answer_start": 1578}, {"text": "economic position", "answer_span": "Max Weber, who argued \"class\" is determined by economic position", "answer_start": 1579}, {"text": "economic position", "answer_span": " \"class\" is determined by economic position", "answer_start": 1600}, {"text": "economic position", "answer_span": " \"class\" is determined by economic position", "answer_start": 1600}], "orig_answer": {"text": "economic position", "answer_span": " Max Weber, who argued \"class\" is determined by economic position", "answer_start": 1578}, "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "378xpawrucd4duh0ucgik0hrgbpia6"}], "section_title": "Social class", "background": "Social class", "title": "Social class"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces (, singular \"provincia\") and one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation () as decided by Congress. The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. \n\nDuring the War of Independence the main cities and their surrounding countrysides became provinces though the intervention of their \"cabildos\". The Anarchy of the Year XX completed this process, shaping the original thirteen provinces. Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834, and the thirteen provinces became fourteen. After seceding for a decade, Buenos Aires Province accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861, and its capital city was made a federal territory in 1880. \n\nA law from 1862 designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces. In 1884 they served as bases for the establishment of the governorates of Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego. The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes; its lands were incorporated into Jujuy, Salta and Catamarca in 1943. La Pampa and Chaco became provinces in 1951. Misiones did so in 1953, and Formosa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut and Santa Cruz, in 1955. The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province in 1990.", "qas": [{"question": "Provinces of Argentina what created the National Territory of Los Andes?", "answers": [{"text": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile", "answer_span": " The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes", "answer_start": 1074}, {"text": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900", "answer_span": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900", "answer_start": 1075}, {"text": "An agreement about a frontier dispute", "answer_span": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes", "answer_start": 1075}, {"text": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile", "answer_span": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile", "answer_start": 1075}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile", "answer_span": " The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes", "answer_start": 1074}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did that happen?", "answers": [{"text": "1900", "answer_span": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes", "answer_start": 1075}, {"text": "1900", "answer_span": " in 1900", "answer_start": 1124}, {"text": "1900", "answer_span": " The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes", "answer_start": 1074}, {"text": "1900", "answer_span": "1900", "answer_start": 1128}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1900", "answer_span": "The agreement about a frontier dispute with Chile in 1900 created the National Territory of Los Andes", "answer_start": 1075}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did the last territory become a province?", "answers": [{"text": "1990", "answer_span": "The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province in 1990", "answer_start": 1382}, {"text": "1990", "answer_span": "in 1990", "answer_start": 1503}, {"text": "1990", "answer_span": "he last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province in 1990.", "answer_start": 1383}, {"text": "1990", "answer_span": "1990", "answer_start": 1506}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1990", "answer_span": "The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province in 1990", "answer_start": 1382}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the full name of that territory?", "answers": [{"text": "Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_span": "The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_start": 1382}, {"text": "ierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur", "answer_span": "ierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur", "answer_start": 1441}, {"text": "Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_span": "The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province in 1990", "answer_start": 1382}, {"text": "Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_span": "Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_start": 1440}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_span": "The last national territory, Tierra del Fuego, became the Tierra del Fuego, Ant\u00e1rtida e Islas del Atl\u00e1ntico Sur Province", "answer_start": 1382}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many provinces are there in Argentina?", "answers": [{"text": "twenty-three", "answer_span": "Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "twenty-three", "answer_span": " twenty-three provinces", "answer_start": 28}, {"text": "Twenty-three", "answer_span": "Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "twenty-three", "answer_span": " twenty-three", "answer_start": 28}], "orig_answer": {"text": "twenty-three", "answer_span": "Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do they all have their own constitution?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions", "answer_start": 206}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. ", "answer_start": 206}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions, but exist under a federal system. \n", "answer_start": 206}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "their own constitutions", "answer_start": 241}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The provinces and the capital have their own constitutions", "answer_start": 206}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many autonomous cities are there?", "answers": [{"text": "one", "answer_span": "one autonomous city", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": "one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "One", "answer_span": " and one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\")", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": "one", "answer_start": 81}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one", "answer_span": "one autonomous city", "answer_start": 81}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which one?", "answers": [{"text": "Buenos Aires", "answer_span": " one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "and one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 122}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Buenos Aires", "answer_span": " one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 80}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is that the capital of the country?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "Argentina", "answer_span": "Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces (, singular \"provincia\") and one autonomous city (\"ciudad aut\u00f3noma\"), Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation () as decided by Congress", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation ", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "which is the federal capital of the nation", "answer_start": 136}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires, which is the federal capital of the nation", "answer_start": 122}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in 1862 what were declared as territories?", "answers": [{"text": "those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces.", "answer_span": "A law from 1862 designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces.", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces", "answer_span": "A law from 1862 designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces. ", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "Those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces", "answer_span": "A law from 1862 designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces", "answer_span": " those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces", "answer_start": 831}], "orig_answer": {"text": "those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces.", "answer_span": "A law from 1862 designated as national territories those under federal control but outside the frontiers of the provinces.", "answer_start": 781}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are a few examples?", "answers": [{"text": "Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego", "answer_span": "ey served as bases for the establishment of the governorates of Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego", "answer_start": 914}, {"text": "the governorates of Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego", "answer_span": "the governorates of Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego", "answer_start": 958}, {"text": "La Pampa and Chaco", "answer_span": " La Pampa and Chaco became provinces in 1951", "answer_start": 1246}, {"text": "Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa,", "answer_span": "Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa,", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego", "answer_span": "ey served as bases for the establishment of the governorates of Misiones, Formosa, Chaco, La Pampa, Neuqu\u00e9n, R\u00edo Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz and Tierra del Fuego", "answer_start": 914}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what shaped the original 13 provinces?", "answers": [{"text": "The Anarchy of the Year XX", "answer_span": "The Anarchy of the Year XX completed this process, shaping the original thirteen provinces", "answer_start": 446}, {"text": "The Anarchy of the Year XX", "answer_span": "The Anarchy of the Year XX completed this process, shaping the original thirteen provinces.", "answer_start": 446}, {"text": "The Anarchy of the Year XX", "answer_span": " The Anarchy of the Year XX completed this process, shaping the original thirteen provinces.", "answer_start": 445}, {"text": "The Anarchy of the Year XX", "answer_span": "The Anarchy of the Year XX", "answer_start": 446}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Anarchy of the Year XX", "answer_span": "The Anarchy of the Year XX completed this process, shaping the original thirteen provinces", "answer_start": 446}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who seceded from Salta?", "answers": [{"text": "Jujuy", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "Jujuy", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "Jujuy", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "Jujuy", "answer_span": "Jujuy", "answer_start": 538}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jujuy", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta", "answer_start": 538}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did it then become?", "answers": [{"text": "a province", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834, and the thirteen provinces became fourteen", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "Buenos Aires Province", "answer_span": "After seceding for a decade, Buenos Aires Province", "answer_start": 616}, {"text": "Fourteen", "answer_span": "and the thirteen provinces became fourteen", "answer_start": 572}, {"text": "a province", "answer_span": " provinces", "answer_start": 588}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a province", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834, and the thirteen provinces became fourteen", "answer_start": 538}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did that happen?", "answers": [{"text": "1834", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": " the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861", "answer_start": 675}, {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "1834", "answer_start": 566}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "Jujuy seceded from Salta in 1834", "answer_start": 538}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did Buenos Aires accept the constitution of Argentina?", "answers": [{"text": "1861", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires Province accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861", "answer_start": 645}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861", "answer_start": 667}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires Province accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861", "answer_start": 645}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "1861", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires Province accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861", "answer_start": 645}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what happened in 1880?", "answers": [{"text": "it was made a federal territory in 1880", "answer_span": "its capital city was made a federal territory in 1880", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "was made a federal territory", "answer_span": "its capital city was made a federal territory in 1880. ", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "Buenos Aires was made a federal territory", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires Province accepted the 1853 Constitution of Argentina in 1861, and its capital city was made a federal territory in 1880. ", "answer_start": 645}, {"text": "its capital city was made a federal territory", "answer_span": "its capital city was made a federal territory", "answer_start": 724}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it was made a federal territory in 1880", "answer_span": "its capital city was made a federal territory in 1880", "answer_start": 724}, "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "37fmassaycr9w4ms0qgefb1xyvxibs"}], "section_title": "Provinces of Argentina", "background": "Provinces of Argentina", "title": "Provinces of Argentina"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom are administered by the UK government's Office of Communications (Ofcom). For this purpose Ofcom established a telephone numbering plan, known as the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\", which is the system for assigning telephone numbers to subscriber stations. Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code. All mobile telephone numbers have 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code. The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is: A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups: In the United Kingdom, area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long (after the initial zero). Regions with shorter area codes, typically large cities, permit the allocation of more telephone numbers as the local number portion has more digits. Local customer numbers are four to eight figures long. The total number of digits is ten, but in a very few areas the total may be nine digits (after the initial zero). The \"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\" in the UK.", "qas": [{"question": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom Who is responsible for phone numbers in the UK?", "answers": [{"text": "the UK government's Office of Communications", "answer_span": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom are administered by the UK government's Office of Communications (Ofcom", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom are administered by the UK government's Office of Communications (Ofcom)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "Ofcom", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "Office of Communications", "answer_span": "Office of Communications ", "answer_start": 80}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the UK government's Office of Communications", "answer_span": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom are administered by the UK government's Office of Communications (Ofcom", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How is  the office's name abbreviated?", "answers": [{"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "K government's Office of Communications (Ofcom", "answer_start": 65}, {"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "UK government's Office of Communications (Ofcom)", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "Ofcom", "answer_start": 106}, {"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "Ofcom", "answer_start": 106}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ofcom", "answer_span": "K government's Office of Communications (Ofcom", "answer_start": 65}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they establish to assign numbers?", "answers": [{"text": "the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\",", "answer_span": "\"National Telephone Numbering Plan\", which is the system for assigning telephone numbers to subscriber stations", "answer_start": 190}, {"text": "the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\"", "answer_span": "Ofcom established a telephone numbering plan, known as the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\", which is the system for assigning telephone numbers to subscriber stations", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "telephone numbering plan", "answer_span": "telephone numbering plan", "answer_start": 151}, {"text": "the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\"", "answer_span": "the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\"", "answer_start": 186}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the \"National Telephone Numbering Plan\",", "answer_span": "\"National Telephone Numbering Plan\", which is the system for assigning telephone numbers to subscriber stations", "answer_start": 190}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the first digit in UK phone numbers?", "answers": [{"text": "0", "answer_span": " almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "0", "answer_span": "Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code.", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "0", "answer_span": "0", "answer_start": 441}, {"text": "0", "answer_span": "0", "answer_start": 441}], "orig_answer": {"text": "0", "answer_span": " almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 323}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's this called?", "answers": [{"text": "a trunk code", "answer_span": " \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 439}, {"text": "trunk code", "answer_span": "the \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 436}, {"text": "trunk code", "answer_span": "trunk code", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "trunk code", "answer_span": "trunk code", "answer_start": 538}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a trunk code", "answer_span": " \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 439}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many digits follow it?", "answers": [{"text": "9 or 10 (significant) numbers", "answer_span": " numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 377}, {"text": "9 or 10", "answer_span": "most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\"", "answer_start": 358}, {"text": "9 or 10", "answer_span": "9 or 10", "answer_start": 391}, {"text": "9 or 10", "answer_span": "9 or 10", "answer_start": 391}], "orig_answer": {"text": "9 or 10 (significant) numbers", "answer_span": " numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code", "answer_start": 377}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many for mobile phones?", "answers": [{"text": "10", "answer_span": "mobile telephone numbers have 10", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "10", "answer_span": "All mobile telephone numbers have 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code.", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "10", "answer_span": "10", "answer_start": 490}, {"text": "10", "answer_span": "10", "answer_start": 490}], "orig_answer": {"text": "10", "answer_span": "mobile telephone numbers have 10", "answer_start": 460}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the overall structure of the plan?", "answers": [{"text": "A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_span": "The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is: A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups: In the United Kingdom, area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long (after the initial zero).", "answer_span": "The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is: A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups: In the United Kingdom, area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long (after the initial zero).", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_span": " A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_start": 611}, {"text": "A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_span": " A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_start": 611}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_span": "The overall structure of the UK's National Numbering Plan is: A short sample of geographic numbers, set out in the officially approved (Ofcom) number groups", "answer_start": 550}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long are area codes?", "answers": [{"text": "from two to 5 digits", "answer_span": "In the United Kingdom, area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long (after the initial zero)", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "2, 3, 4 or 5", "answer_span": "area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long", "answer_start": 731}, {"text": "two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long", "answer_span": "two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long", "answer_start": 746}, {"text": "two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits", "answer_span": "two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits", "answer_start": 746}], "orig_answer": {"text": "from two to 5 digits", "answer_span": "In the United Kingdom, area codes are two, three, four, or, rarely, five digits long (after the initial zero)", "answer_start": 708}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where are shorter ones usually found?", "answers": [{"text": "large cities", "answer_span": "shorter area codes, typically large cities", "answer_start": 832}, {"text": "large cities", "answer_span": "Regions with shorter area codes, typically large cities", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "typically large cities", "answer_span": "typically large cities", "answer_start": 852}, {"text": "large cities", "answer_span": " large cities", "answer_start": 861}], "orig_answer": {"text": "large cities", "answer_span": "shorter area codes, typically large cities", "answer_start": 832}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What  do they have more of?", "answers": [{"text": "telephone numbers", "answer_span": "Regions with shorter area codes, typically large cities, permit the allocation of more telephone numbers", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "telephone numbers", "answer_span": "Regions with shorter area codes, typically large cities, permit the allocation of more telephone numbers as the local number portion has more digits.", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "telephone numbers", "answer_span": "telephone numbers", "answer_start": 906}, {"text": "telephone numbers", "answer_span": "telephone numbers", "answer_start": 906}], "orig_answer": {"text": "telephone numbers", "answer_span": "Regions with shorter area codes, typically large cities, permit the allocation of more telephone numbers", "answer_start": 819}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long are local customer numbers?", "answers": [{"text": "four to eight figures long", "answer_span": " Local customer numbers are four to eight figures long", "answer_start": 968}, {"text": "four to eight figures long.", "answer_span": "Local customer numbers are four to eight figures long. ", "answer_start": 969}, {"text": "four to eight figures", "answer_span": "four to eight figures", "answer_start": 996}, {"text": "four to eight figures long", "answer_span": " four to eight figures long", "answer_start": 995}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four to eight figures long", "answer_span": " Local customer numbers are four to eight figures long", "answer_start": 968}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long is the total amount of digits?", "answers": [{"text": "generally ten", "answer_span": "The total number of digits is ten", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "ten", "answer_span": "The total number of digits is ten", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "ten", "answer_span": "ten", "answer_start": 1054}, {"text": "ten", "answer_span": "ten", "answer_start": 1054}], "orig_answer": {"text": "generally ten", "answer_span": "The total number of digits is ten", "answer_start": 1024}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it ever different?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "but in a very few areas the total may be nine digits", "answer_start": 1059}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "but in a very few areas the total may be nine digits (after the initial zero)", "answer_start": 1059}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The total number of digits is ten, but in a very few areas the total may be nine digits (after the initial zero). ", "answer_start": 1024}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "very few areas", "answer_start": 1068}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "but in a very few areas the total may be nine digits", "answer_start": 1059}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's another term for the area  code?", "answers": [{"text": "STD code", "answer_span": "\"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)", "answer_start": 1142}, {"text": "STD code", "answer_span": "The \"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\"", "answer_start": 1138}, {"text": "STD (code)", "answer_span": "STD (code)", "answer_start": 1181}, {"text": "STD (code)", "answer_span": "STD (code)", "answer_start": 1181}], "orig_answer": {"text": "STD code", "answer_span": "\"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)", "answer_start": 1142}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Any others?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "\"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\"", "answer_start": 1142}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The \"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\" in the UK.", "answer_start": 1138}, {"text": "dialling code", "answer_span": "dialling code", "answer_start": 1227}, {"text": "dialling code", "answer_span": "dialling code", "answer_start": 1227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "\"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\"", "answer_start": 1142}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What?", "answers": [{"text": "a \"dialling code\"", "answer_span": "\"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\"", "answer_start": 1142}, {"text": "dialling code", "answer_span": "The \"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\" in the UK.", "answer_start": 1138}, {"text": "dialling code", "answer_span": "dialling code", "answer_start": 1227}, {"text": "dialling code", "answer_span": "dialling code", "answer_start": 1227}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a \"dialling code\"", "answer_span": "\"area code\" is also referred to as an \"STD (code)\" (subscriber trunk dialling) or a \"dialling code\"", "answer_start": 1142}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Since what date has this system been in place?", "answers": [{"text": "28 April 2001", "answer_span": " Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 ", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "28 April 2001", "answer_span": "Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 national (significant) numbers after the \"0\" trunk code.", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "28 April 2001", "answer_span": "28 April 2001", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "28 April 2001", "answer_span": "28 April 2001", "answer_start": 309}], "orig_answer": {"text": "28 April 2001", "answer_span": " Since 28 April 2001, almost all geographic numbers and most non-geographic numbers have 9 or 10 ", "answer_start": 302}, "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "38jbbyetqoadv0zxpsg0mixzwa6e46"}], "section_title": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom", "background": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom", "title": "Telephone numbers in the United Kingdom"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games. They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games. NOCs also promote the development of athletes and training of coaches and officials at a national level within their geographies. \n\nAs of 2016, there are 206 NOCs: Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat; and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). \n\nThere are also nine dependent territories with NOCs: \n\nPrior to 1996, rules for recognising separate countries within the IOC were not as strict as those within the United Nations, which allowed these territories to field teams separately from their sovereign state. Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community. Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "qas": [{"question": "National Olympic Committee How many NOCs were there in 2016?", "answers": [{"text": "206", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs:", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "206", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOC", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "206", "answer_span": "206", "answer_start": 496}, {"text": "206", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs", "answer_start": 474}], "orig_answer": {"text": "206", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs:", "answer_start": 474}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does NOC stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "National Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "National Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "A National Olympic Committee (NOC) ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "National Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "National Olympic Committee", "answer_start": 2}, {"text": "National Olympic Committee", "answer_span": " National Olympic Committee (NOC)", "answer_start": 1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "National Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you name two NOCs?", "answers": [{"text": "United Nations observer state Palestine and the Cook Islands", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs: Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat; and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands", "answer_start": 559}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "Kosovo and Taiwan", "answer_span": "Kosovo and Taiwan", "answer_start": 820}], "orig_answer": {"text": "United Nations observer state Palestine and the Cook Islands", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs: Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat; and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 474}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one thing an NOC can do?", "answers": [{"text": "organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_span": "A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "organize their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_span": "NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games. They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games. NOCs also promote the development of athletes and training of coaches and officials at a national level within their geographies.", "answer_start": 160}, {"text": "organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_span": "organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "Promote the development of athletes", "answer_span": "NOCs also promote the development of athletes", "answer_start": 342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_span": "A National Olympic Committee (NOC) is a national constituent of the worldwide Olympic movement. Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "They nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_span": "They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_start": 247}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games. NOCs also promote the development of athletes and training of coaches and officials at a national level within their geographies. ", "answer_start": 246}, {"text": "nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_span": "nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "Nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_span": "They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_start": 247}], "orig_answer": {"text": "They nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_span": "They may nominate cities within their respective areas as candidates for future Olympic Games", "answer_start": 247}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there an entity that controls NOCs?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games.", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee", "answer_start": 96}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "worldwide Olympic movement", "answer_start": 68}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee", "answer_start": 95}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games.", "answer_start": 95}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it called?", "answers": [{"text": "International Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 96}, {"text": "the International Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee", "answer_start": 96}, {"text": "worldwide Olympic movement", "answer_span": "worldwide Olympic movement", "answer_start": 68}, {"text": "International Olympic Committee", "answer_span": " International Olympic Committee", "answer_start": 126}], "orig_answer": {"text": "International Olympic Committee", "answer_span": "Subject to the controls of the International Olympic Committee, NOCs are responsible for organizing their people's participation in the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 96}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many dependent territories have NOCs?", "answers": [{"text": "nine", "answer_span": "There are also nine dependent territories with NOCs: ", "answer_start": 885}, {"text": "nine", "answer_span": "There are also nine dependent territories with NOCs", "answer_start": 885}, {"text": "nine", "answer_span": "nine", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "nine dependent territories with NOCs", "answer_start": 900}], "orig_answer": {"text": "nine", "answer_span": "There are also nine dependent territories with NOCs: ", "answer_start": 885}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was there an amendment to the Olympic Charter?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community. ", "answer_start": 1152}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter ", "answer_start": 1152}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter ", "answer_start": 1151}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter ", "answer_start": 1152}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community. ", "answer_start": 1152}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When?", "answers": [{"text": "1996", "answer_span": " Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community.", "answer_start": 1151}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996", "answer_start": 1152}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "1996", "answer_start": 1201}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "in 1996", "answer_start": 1198}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1996", "answer_span": " Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community.", "answer_start": 1151}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it good retroactively?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1317}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Since the rule does not apply retroactively", "answer_start": 1316}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively", "answer_start": 1317}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1317}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it have to do with recognition as an independent state?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community.", "answer_start": 1151}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community", "answer_start": 1207}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "after recognition as an independent state ", "answer_start": 1243}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "can only be granted after recognition as an independent state", "answer_start": 1223}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community.", "answer_start": 1151}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Could those 9 dependent territories keep participating?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": ". Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community. Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1150}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics", "answer_start": 1362}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue", "answer_start": 1362}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams", "answer_start": 1317}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": ". Following an amendment to the Olympic Charter in 1996, NOC recognition can only be granted after recognition as an independent state by the international community. Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1150}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of team does the Faroe Islands send?", "answers": [{"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1317}, {"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1497}, {"text": "Paralympic teams", "answer_span": "Paralympic teams", "answer_start": 1546}, {"text": "Paralympic teams", "answer_span": "Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams", "answer_start": 1507}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1317}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of team does Macau send?", "answers": [{"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1317}, {"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1525}, {"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Paralympic", "answer_start": 1546}, {"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Macau send their own Paralympic", "answer_start": 1525}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paralympic", "answer_span": "Since the rule does not apply retroactively, the dependent territories which were recognised before the rule change are allowed to continue sending separate teams to the Olympics, while the Faroe Islands and Macau send their own Paralympic teams.", "answer_start": 1317}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many member states does the Uniter Nations have?", "answers": [{"text": "193", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs: Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat; and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "193", "answer_span": "Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations", "answer_start": 506}, {"text": "193", "answer_span": "193", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "193", "answer_span": " Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations", "answer_start": 505}], "orig_answer": {"text": "193", "answer_span": "As of 2016, there are 206 NOCs: Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat; and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 474}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you name a United Nations observer state?", "answers": [{"text": "Palestine", "answer_span": "Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine;", "answer_start": 506}, {"text": "Palestine", "answer_span": "United Nations observer state Palestine", "answer_start": 559}, {"text": "Palestine", "answer_span": " Palestine", "answer_start": 588}, {"text": "Palestine", "answer_span": " United Nations observer state Palestine", "answer_start": 558}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Palestine", "answer_span": "Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine;", "answer_start": 506}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do the Cook Islands have something to do with New Zealand?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat", "answer_start": 506}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "a state in free association with New Zealand", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand", "answer_start": 604}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Each of the 193 member states of the United Nations; United Nations observer state Palestine; the Cook Islands, a state in free association with New Zealand whose capacity to participate in international organizations has been recognized by the United Nations Secretariat", "answer_start": 506}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's another name for Taiwan?", "answers": [{"text": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_span": " and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 778}, {"text": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_span": " Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 830}, {"text": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_span": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_start": 854}, {"text": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_span": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_start": 854}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Chinese Taipei", "answer_span": " and two states with limited recognition, Kosovo and Taiwan (designated as \"Chinese Taipei\" by the IOC). ", "answer_start": 778}, "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3suwzrl0mydran3b8g9fjghds2de6u"}], "section_title": "National Olympic Committee", "background": "National Olympic Committee", "title": "National Olympic Committee"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Buddhism /\u02c8bud\u026az\u0259m/ is a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy (Sanskrit: \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e dharma; Pali: \u0927\u092e\u094d\u092e dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha (\"the awakened one\"). According to Buddhist tradition, the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.[note 1] He is recognized by Buddhists as an awakened or enlightened teacher who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving. Buddhists believe that this is accomplished through the direct understanding and perception of dependent origination and the Four Noble Truths. \n\nTwo major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada (\"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana (\"The Great Vehicle\"). Vajrayana, a body of teachings attributed to Indian siddhas, may be viewed as a third branch or merely a part of Mahayana. Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia. Mahayana which includes the traditions of Pure Land, Zen, Nichiren Buddhism, Shingon, and Tiantai (Tendai) is found throughout East Asia. Tibetan Buddhism, which preserves the Vajrayana teachings of eighth century India, is practiced in regions surrounding the Himalayas, Mongolia and Kalmykia. Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million, making it one of the world's major religions.", "qas": [{"question": "Buddhism How many Buddhists are there estimated to be?", "answers": [{"text": "Between 488 million and 535 million.", "answer_span": "Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million", "answer_start": 1447}, {"text": "between 488 million and 535 million", "answer_span": "Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million", "answer_start": 1447}, {"text": "between 488 million and 535 million", "answer_span": " between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million", "answer_start": 1463}, {"text": "between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million", "answer_span": " between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million", "answer_start": 1463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Between 488 million and 535 million.", "answer_span": "Buddhists number between an estimated 488 million[web 1] and 535 million", "answer_start": 1447}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Buddhism?", "answers": [{"text": "A religion.", "answer_span": "Buddhism /\u02c8bud\u026az\u0259m/ is a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy (Sanskrit: \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e dharma; Pali: \u0927\u092e\u094d\u092e dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha (\"the awakened one\").", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "a nontheistic religion or philosophy", "answer_span": "Buddhism /\u02c8bud\u026az\u0259m/ is a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "a nontheistic religion", "answer_span": "a nontheistic religion", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "a nontheistic religion or philosophy", "answer_span": "a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy ", "answer_start": 23}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A religion.", "answer_span": "Buddhism /\u02c8bud\u026az\u0259m/ is a nontheistic religion[note 1] or philosophy (Sanskrit: \u0927\u0930\u094d\u092e dharma; Pali: \u0927\u092e\u094d\u092e dhamma) that encompasses a variety of traditions, beliefs and spiritual practices largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha (\"the awakened one\").", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is it attributed to?", "answers": [{"text": "Guatama Buddha", "answer_span": "based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, ", "answer_start": 193}, {"text": "Gautama Buddha", "answer_span": "largely based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "Gautama Buddha", "answer_span": "Gautama Buddha", "answer_start": 226}, {"text": "Gautama Buddha", "answer_span": "Gautama Buddha", "answer_start": 226}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Guatama Buddha", "answer_span": "based on teachings attributed to Gautama Buddha, ", "answer_start": 193}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is another name for Buddha?", "answers": [{"text": "The awakened one.", "answer_span": "Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha (\"the awakened one\")", "answer_start": 226}, {"text": "\"the awakened one\"", "answer_span": "Buddha (\"the awakened one\"). ", "answer_start": 264}, {"text": "the awakened one", "answer_span": "the awakened one", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The awakened one.", "answer_span": "Gautama Buddha, commonly known as the Buddha (\"the awakened one\")", "answer_start": 226}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many branches of Buddhism are recognized in general?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars:", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Two major extant branches of Buddhism ", "answer_start": 808}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": " third", "answer_start": 1038}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Two major extant branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars:", "answer_start": 808}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are they?", "answers": [{"text": "Theravada and Mahayana", "answer_span": "Theravada (\"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana (\"The Great Vehicle\")", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "Theravada and Mahayana", "answer_span": "branches of Buddhism are generally recognized by scholars: Theravada (\"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana (\"The Great Vehicle\").", "answer_start": 825}, {"text": "Theravada and Mahayana", "answer_span": "Theravada (\"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "Theravada and Mahayana", "answer_span": " Theravada (\"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana ", "answer_start": 883}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Theravada and Mahayana", "answer_span": "Theravada (\"The School of the Elders\") and Mahayana (\"The Great Vehicle\")", "answer_start": 884}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did Buddha live and teach?", "answers": [{"text": "The eastern part of the Indian subcontinent.", "answer_span": "the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent", "answer_span": " the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent", "answer_start": 325}, {"text": "the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal", "answer_span": "the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal ", "answer_start": 357}, {"text": "in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent", "answer_span": " in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent", "answer_start": 353}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The eastern part of the Indian subcontinent.", "answer_span": "the Buddha lived and taught in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent, present-day Nepal", "answer_start": 326}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Around when?", "answers": [{"text": "Between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.", "answer_span": "sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_start": 420}, {"text": "between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_span": "sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_start": 420}, {"text": "between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_span": "between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_start": 429}, {"text": "between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_span": "between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_start": 429}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE.", "answer_span": "sometime between the 6th and 4th centuries BCE", "answer_start": 420}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why did he share his insights?", "answers": [{"text": "To help people end their suffering.", "answer_span": "who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving", "answer_start": 544}, {"text": "to help sentient beings end their suffering", "answer_span": "shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "to help sentient beings end their suffering", "answer_span": "to help sentient beings end their suffering ", "answer_start": 568}, {"text": "to help sentient beings end their suffering", "answer_span": " to help sentient beings end their suffering", "answer_start": 567}], "orig_answer": {"text": "To help people end their suffering.", "answer_span": "who shared his insights to help sentient beings end their suffering through the elimination of ignorance and craving", "answer_start": 544}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many Noble Truths are there?", "answers": [{"text": "Four", "answer_span": "the Four Noble Truths. ", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "the Four Noble Truths.", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "Four Noble Truths. ", "answer_start": 787}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "Four", "answer_start": 787}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "the Four Noble Truths. ", "answer_start": 783}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does Theravada have a large following?", "answers": [{"text": "Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_span": "Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_start": 1082}, {"text": "Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_span": "Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_start": 1082}, {"text": "Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_span": "Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_start": 1122}, {"text": "in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_span": " in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia.", "answer_start": 1118}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_span": "Theravada has a widespread following in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia", "answer_start": 1082}, "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3oe22wjigio191jhdp2it3k7de6qug"}], "section_title": "Buddhism", "background": "Buddhism", "title": "Buddhism"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help\u00b7info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia or simply as Russia, was a sovereign state in 1917\u201322, the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union in 1922\u201391 and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990\u201391. The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics, five autonomous oblasts, ten autonomous okrugs, six krais, and forty oblasts. Russians formed the largest ethnic group. To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland; and to the south, China, Mongolia and North Korea whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north, the Pacific Ocean to the east and the Black sea and Caspian Sea to the south. Within the USSR, it bordered the Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia), the Byelorussian SSR and the Ukrainian SSR to the west. To the south it bordered the Georgian, Azerbaijan and Kazakh SSRs.", "qas": [{"question": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic what is commonly referred to as Soviet Russia ?", "answers": [{"text": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_span": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_start": 4}, {"text": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_span": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_span": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Russian: \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0424\u0435\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430, tr. Rossiyskaya Sovetskaya Federativnaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika listen (help\u00b7info)) commonly referred to as Soviet Russia", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_span": "The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_span": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "answer_start": 4}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what kind of state was it ?", "answers": [{"text": "sovereign", "answer_span": "sovereign", "answer_start": 302}, {"text": "a sovereign state", "answer_span": "a sovereign state", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "Sovereign", "answer_span": "was a sovereign state", "answer_start": 296}, {"text": "a sovereign state", "answer_span": "a sovereign state ", "answer_start": 300}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sovereign", "answer_span": "sovereign", "answer_start": 302}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was if from 1817-22 ?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "1917\u201322", "answer_start": 321}, {"text": "a sovereign state", "answer_span": "a sovereign state", "answer_start": 300}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "1917\u201322", "answer_start": 321}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " 1917\u201322", "answer_start": 320}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "1917\u201322", "answer_start": 321}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was it a small poor state ?", "answers": [{"text": "no, not at all", "answer_span": "largest, most populous, and most economically developed", "answer_start": 334}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic ", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the largest, most populous, and most economically developed republic of the Soviet Union", "answer_start": 330}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no, not at all", "answer_span": "largest, most populous, and most economically developed", "answer_start": 334}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it  a  part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation", "answers": [{"text": "1990\u201391", "answer_span": "1990\u201391", "answer_start": 499}, {"text": "1990\u201391", "answer_span": "1990\u201391", "answer_start": 499}, {"text": "1990\u201391", "answer_span": "and a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with its own legislation in 1990\u201391", "answer_start": 430}, {"text": "1990\u201391", "answer_span": "1990\u201391", "answer_start": 499}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1990\u201391", "answer_span": "1990\u201391", "answer_start": 499}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many autonomous republics does it make ?", "answers": [{"text": "sixteen", "answer_span": "sixteen", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "sixteen", "answer_span": "sixteen autonomous republics", "answer_start": 531}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": "The Republic comprised sixteen autonomous republics", "answer_start": 508}, {"text": "sixteen", "answer_span": " sixteen ", "answer_start": 530}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sixteen", "answer_span": "sixteen", "answer_start": 531}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many areas did it border to the west ?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": " Finland, Norway and Poland", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "To the west it bordered Finland, Norway and Poland", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Finland, Norway and Poland", "answer_start": 705}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": " Finland, Norway and Poland", "answer_start": 704}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does it border to the north ?", "answers": [{"text": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_span": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_start": 804}, {"text": "the Arctic Ocean", "answer_span": " the Arctic Ocean", "answer_start": 799}, {"text": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_span": "whilst bordering the Arctic Ocean to the north", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_span": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_start": 804}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_span": "Arctic Ocean", "answer_start": 804}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many oblasts is it made of ?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 561}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 561}, {"text": "40", "answer_span": "forty oblasts", "answer_start": 624}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five", "answer_start": 561}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what area does china border ?", "answers": [{"text": "south", "answer_span": "south", "answer_start": 744}, {"text": "the south", "answer_span": "the south", "answer_start": 740}, {"text": "South", "answer_span": "and to the south, China", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "south", "answer_span": "south", "answer_start": 744}], "orig_answer": {"text": "south", "answer_span": "south", "answer_start": 744}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many Baltic republics ?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Baltic republics (Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what are they ?", "answers": [{"text": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_span": "Lithuania, Latvia and Estonia", "answer_start": 960}, "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3velcll3gkjo9f2axlh462bwwg31f4"}], "section_title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "background": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic", "title": "Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Sanskrit (/\u02c8s\u00e6nskr\u026at/; Sanskrit: sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam [s\u0259mskr\u0329t\u032a\u0259m] or sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bta, originally sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bt\u0101 v\u0101k, \"refined speech\") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism, a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism, and a literary language that was in use as a lingua franca in Greater India. It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo-Aryan, originating as Vedic Sanskrit and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European. Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand. As one of the oldest Indo-European languages for which substantial written documentation exists, Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo-European studies. \n\nOver 90 weeklies, fortnightlies and quarterlies are published in Sanskrit. Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India, since 1970, while Sanskrit Vartman Patram and Vishwasya Vrittantam started in Gujarat during the last five years. Since 1974, there has been a short daily news broadcast on state-run All India Radio. These broadcasts are also made available on the internet on AIR's website. Sanskrit news is broadcast on TV and on the internet through the DD National channel at 6:55 AM IST.", "qas": [{"question": "Sanskrit How many official languages does India have?", "answers": [{"text": "22", "answer_span": "22 scheduled languages", "answer_start": 502}, {"text": "22", "answer_span": "Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India", "answer_start": 469}, {"text": "22", "answer_span": " 22 ", "answer_start": 501}, {"text": "22", "answer_span": "22 scheduled languages of India", "answer_start": 502}], "orig_answer": {"text": "22", "answer_span": "22 scheduled languages", "answer_start": 502}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the main language of Hinduism?", "answers": [{"text": "Sanskrit", "answer_span": "primary sacred language of Hinduism,", "answer_start": 120}, {"text": "Sanskrit", "answer_span": "Sanskrit (/\u02c8s\u00e6nskr\u026at/; Sanskrit: sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam [s\u0259mskr\u0329t\u032a\u0259m] or sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bta, originally sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bt\u0101 v\u0101k, \"refined speech\") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sanskrit", "answer_span": "Sanskrit", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sanskrit", "answer_span": "Sanskrit (/\u02c8s\u00e6nskr\u026at/; Sanskrit: sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam [s\u0259mskr\u0329t\u032a\u0259m] or sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bta, originally sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bt\u0101 v\u0101k, \"refined speech\") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sanskrit", "answer_span": "primary sacred language of Hinduism,", "answer_start": 120}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where else is it an official mode of communication?", "answers": [{"text": "state of Uttarakhand", "answer_span": "official language of the state of Uttarakhand", "answer_start": 544}, {"text": "in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism,", "answer_span": " a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism,", "answer_start": 156}, {"text": "state of Uttarakhand", "answer_span": "state of Uttarakhand", "answer_start": 569}, {"text": "Uttarakhand", "answer_span": "an official language of the state of Uttarakhand", "answer_start": 541}], "orig_answer": {"text": "state of Uttarakhand", "answer_span": "official language of the state of Uttarakhand", "answer_start": 544}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it considered holy?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " sacred language", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Sanskrit (/\u02c8s\u00e6nskr\u026at/; Sanskrit: sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam [s\u0259mskr\u0329t\u032a\u0259m] or sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bta, originally sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bt\u0101 v\u0101k, \"refined speech\") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism,", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism", "answer_start": 157}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " is the primary sacred language", "answer_start": 112}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " sacred language", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "to whom?", "answers": [{"text": "Hinduism", "answer_span": " sacred language of Hinduism", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "Hindus", "answer_span": "Sanskrit (/\u02c8s\u00e6nskr\u026at/; Sanskrit: sa\u1e43sk\u1e5btam [s\u0259mskr\u0329t\u032a\u0259m] or sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bta, originally sa\u1e43sk\u1e5bt\u0101 v\u0101k, \"refined speech\") is the primary sacred language of Hinduism", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Hindus", "answer_span": "Hinduism", "answer_start": 147}, {"text": "Hinduism", "answer_span": "is the primary sacred language of Hinduism", "answer_start": 113}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hinduism", "answer_span": " sacred language of Hinduism", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "anyone else?", "answers": [{"text": "noi", "answer_span": " philosophical language ", "answer_start": 158}, {"text": "Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism,", "answer_span": " a philosophical language in Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism, ", "answer_start": 156}, {"text": "Buddhism, Sikhism and Jainism", "answer_span": "Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism and Jainism", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "a philosophical language in Buddhism", "answer_start": 157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "noi", "answer_span": " philosophical language ", "answer_start": 158}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it come from?", "answers": [{"text": "Vedic Sanskrit", "answer_span": "originating as Vedic Sanskrit", "answer_start": 351}, {"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_span": "It is a standardised dialect of Old Indo-Aryan, originating as Vedic Sanskrit and tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_span": "Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_start": 425}, {"text": "Proto-Indo-Iranian", "answer_span": "tracing its linguistic ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_start": 385}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Vedic Sanskrit", "answer_span": "originating as Vedic Sanskrit", "answer_start": 351}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it ancient?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_start": 408}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " As one of the oldest Indo-European languages for which substantial written documentation exists, Sanskrit holds a prominent position in Indo-European studies. ", "answer_start": 590}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Old Indo-Aryan, originating as Vedic Sanskrit", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "As one of the oldest Indo-European languages", "answer_start": 591}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ancestry back to Proto-Indo-Iranian and Proto-Indo-European", "answer_start": 408}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it important at today?", "answers": [{"text": "state of Uttarakhan", "answer_span": "is an official language of the state of Uttarakhan", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "India", "answer_span": " Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India ", "answer_start": 468}, {"text": "Indo-European studies", "answer_span": "Indo-European studies", "answer_start": 727}, {"text": "India", "answer_span": "Today it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India", "answer_start": 469}], "orig_answer": {"text": "state of Uttarakhan", "answer_span": "is an official language of the state of Uttarakhan", "answer_start": 538}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What paper uses it?", "answers": [{"text": "Sudharma", "answer_span": "Sudharma", "answer_start": 827}, {"text": "Sudharma", "answer_span": " Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskri", "answer_start": 826}, {"text": "Sudharma", "answer_span": "Sudharma", "answer_start": 827}, {"text": "Sudharma", "answer_span": "Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit,", "answer_start": 827}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sudharma", "answer_span": "Sudharma", "answer_start": 827}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "Mysore, India", "answer_span": "Mysore, India", "answer_start": 894}, {"text": "Mysore, India,", "answer_span": " Sudharma, a daily newspaper in Sanskrit, has been published out of Mysore, India,", "answer_start": 826}, {"text": "Mysore, India", "answer_span": " Mysore, India", "answer_start": 893}, {"text": "Mysore", "answer_span": "has been published out of Mysore", "answer_start": 868}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mysore, India", "answer_span": "Mysore, India", "answer_start": 894}, "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3hmigg0u4l6ck63q1wi7ax5kfwwy8c"}], "section_title": "Sanskrit", "background": "Sanskrit", "title": "Sanskrit"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Guinness World Records, known from its inception in 1955 until 1998 as The Guinness Book of Records and in previous United States editions as The Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually, listing world records both of human achievements and the extremes of the natural world. The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time. As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication, published in 100 countries and 23 languages. The international franchise has extended beyond print to include television series and museums. The popularity of the franchise has resulted in \"Guinness World Records\" becoming the primary international authority on the cataloging and verification of a huge number of world records; the organization employs official record adjudicators authorized to verify the authenticity of the setting and breaking of records. \n\nOn 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the managing director of the Guinness Breweries, went on a shooting party in the North Slob, by the River Slaney in County Wexford, Ireland. After missing a shot at a golden plover, he became involved in an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe, the golden plover or the red grouse. (It is the plover.) That evening at Castlebridge House, he realized that it was impossible to confirm in reference books whether or not the golden plover was Europe's fastest game bird. Beaver knew that there must be numerous other questions debated nightly in pubs throughout Ireland and abroad, but there was no book in the world with which to settle arguments about records. He realized then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful.", "qas": [{"question": "Guinness World Records What does the Guinness Book record?", "answers": [{"text": "world records", "answer_span": "listing world records", "answer_start": 218}, {"text": "World records", "answer_span": " listing world records both", "answer_start": 217}, {"text": "world records", "answer_span": "listing world records", "answer_start": 218}, {"text": "world records", "answer_span": "The Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually, listing world records both of human achievements and the extremes of the natural world.", "answer_start": 142}], "orig_answer": {"text": "world records", "answer_span": "listing world records", "answer_start": 218}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What world record does the book itself hold?", "answers": [{"text": "best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_span": "The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_start": 306}, {"text": "best-selling copyrighted book of all time.", "answer_span": "as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time.", "answer_start": 344}, {"text": "the best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_span": "The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_start": 306}, {"text": "the best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_span": "The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time.", "answer_start": 306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_span": "The book itself holds a world record, as the best-selling copyrighted book of all time", "answer_start": 306}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What publication year is it in as of 2017?", "answers": [{"text": "its 63rd", "answer_span": "As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "63rd", "answer_span": "s of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication,", "answer_start": 395}, {"text": "63rd", "answer_span": "As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "63rd", "answer_span": "As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication", "answer_start": 394}], "orig_answer": {"text": "its 63rd", "answer_span": "As of the 2017 edition, it is now in its 63rd year of publication", "answer_start": 394}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In how many languages is it available?", "answers": [{"text": "23", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries and 23 languages", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "23", "answer_span": " published in 100 countries and 23 languages.", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "23", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries and 23 languages", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "23", "answer_span": "it is now in its 63rd year of publication, published in 100 countries and 23 languages.", "answer_start": 418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "23", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries and 23 languages", "answer_start": 461}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and how many countries?", "answers": [{"text": "100", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "100", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries ", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "100", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "100", "answer_span": "it is now in its 63rd year of publication, published in 100 countries and 23 languages.", "answer_start": 418}], "orig_answer": {"text": "100", "answer_span": "published in 100 countries", "answer_start": 461}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year did Sir Hugh Beaver go to a shooting party?", "answers": [{"text": "1951", "answer_span": "On 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the managing director of the Guinness Breweries, went on a shooting party", "answer_start": 924}, {"text": "1951", "answer_span": "On 10 November 1951", "answer_start": 924}, {"text": "1951", "answer_span": "On 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the managing director of the Guinness Breweries, went on a shooting party", "answer_start": 924}, {"text": "1951", "answer_span": "On 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the managing director of the Guinness Breweries, went on a shooting party in the North Slob", "answer_start": 924}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1951", "answer_span": "On 10 November 1951, Sir Hugh Beaver, then the managing director of the Guinness Breweries, went on a shooting party", "answer_start": 924}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his argument about?", "answers": [{"text": "which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_span": " argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_span": "gument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_start": 1176}, {"text": "which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_span": "an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_start": 1171}, {"text": "which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_span": " he became involved in an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe,", "answer_start": 1148}], "orig_answer": {"text": "which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_span": " argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe", "answer_start": 1173}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what is the answer to thtat?", "answers": [{"text": "the golden plover", "answer_span": "(It is the plover.)", "answer_start": 1268}, {"text": "Golden Plover", "answer_span": " the golden plover or the red grouse. (It is the plover.", "answer_start": 1230}, {"text": "the plover", "answer_span": "It is the plover.", "answer_start": 1269}, {"text": "the golden plover", "answer_span": "he became involved in an argument over which was the fastest game bird in Europe, the golden plover or the red grouse. (It is the plover.)", "answer_start": 1149}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the golden plover", "answer_span": "(It is the plover.)", "answer_start": 1268}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he the mind behind Guinness book?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "He realized then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful.", "answer_start": 1646}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " He realized then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful.", "answer_start": 1645}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "He realized then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful", "answer_start": 1646}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Beaver knew that there must be numerous other questions debated nightly in pubs throughout Ireland and abroad, but there was no book in the world with which to settle arguments about records. He realized then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful.", "answer_start": 1454}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "He realized then that a book supplying the answers to this sort of question might prove successful.", "answer_start": 1646}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "It this book published annually?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "book published annually", "answer_start": 193}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": ", is a reference book published annually,", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "a reference book published annually", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Guinness Book of World Records, is a reference book published annually,", "answer_start": 142}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "book published annually", "answer_start": 193}, "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3wygz5xf3wfzjltibfnligqaulzkst"}], "section_title": "Guinness World Records", "background": "Guinness World Records", "title": "Guinness World Records"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million inhabitants (2013). The regional capital is Florence (\"Firenze\"). \n\nTuscany is known for its landscapes, traditions, history, artistic legacy and its influence on high culture. It is regarded as the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance and has been home to many figures influential in the history of art and science, and contains well-known museums such as the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace. Tuscany produces wines, including Chianti, Vino Nobile di Montepulciano, Morellino di Scansano and Brunello di Montalcino. Having a strong linguistic and cultural identity, it is sometimes considered \"a nation within a nation\". \n\nTuscany is traditionally a popular destination in Italy, and the main tourist destinations by number of tourist arrivals in 2014 were Florence, Pisa, Montecatini Terme, Castiglione della Pescaia and Grosseto. The village of Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited seaside destination in the region, with seaside tourism accounting for approximately 40% of tourist arrivals in Tuscany. Additionally, Siena, Lucca, the Chianti region, Versilia and Val d'Orcia are also internationally renowned and particularly popular spots among travellers. \n\nSeven Tuscan localities have been designated World Heritage Sites: the historic centre of Florence (1982); the Cathedral square of Pisa (1987); the historical centre of San Gimignano (1990); the historical centre of Siena (1995); the historical centre of Pienza (1996); the Val d'Orcia (2004), and the Medici Villas and Gardens (2013). Tuscany has over 120 protected nature reserves, making Tuscany and its capital Florence popular tourist destinations that attract millions of tourists every year. In 2012, the city of Florence was the world's 89th most visited city, with over 1.834 million arrivals.", "qas": [{"question": "Tuscany What country is Tuscany in?", "answers": [{"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Italy", "answer_start": 31}, {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Italy", "answer_start": 31}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which part of Italy is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Central", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "central Italy", "answer_span": "central Italy", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "central", "answer_span": "central Italy", "answer_start": 23}, {"text": "central", "answer_span": "central", "answer_start": 23}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Central", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many places there were named World Heritage Sites?", "answers": [{"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "Seven Tuscan localities have been designated World Heritage Sites", "answer_start": 1272}, {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "Seven Tuscan localities ", "answer_start": 1272}, {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "Seven Tuscan localities have been designated World Heritage Sites", "answer_start": 1272}, {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "Seven", "answer_start": 1272}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "Seven Tuscan localities have been designated World Heritage Sites", "answer_start": 1272}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "One of them is the center of what city?", "answers": [{"text": "Florence", "answer_span": "the historic centre of Florence", "answer_start": 1339}, {"text": "Florence", "answer_span": "Florence", "answer_start": 1362}, {"text": "Florence", "answer_span": "centre of Florence", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "Florence", "answer_span": "Florence", "answer_start": 1362}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Florence", "answer_span": "the historic centre of Florence", "answer_start": 1339}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is that the capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "making Tuscany and its capital Florence", "answer_start": 1656}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The regional capital is Florence", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "capital Florence", "answer_start": 1679}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "is Florence", "answer_start": 138}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "making Tuscany and its capital Florence", "answer_start": 1656}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its name in Italian?", "answers": [{"text": "Firenze", "answer_span": "The regional capital is Florence (\"Firenze\").", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "Firenze", "answer_span": "Firenze", "answer_start": 152}, {"text": "\"Firenze\"", "answer_span": "Florence (\"Firenze\"", "answer_start": 141}, {"text": "Firenze", "answer_span": "Firenze", "answer_start": 152}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Firenze", "answer_span": "The regional capital is Florence (\"Firenze\").", "answer_start": 117}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is the Leaning Tower of Pisa one of the heritage sites?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": " the Cathedral square of Pisa (1987)", "answer_start": 1378}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the Cathedral square of Pisa", "answer_start": 1378}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Cathedral square of Pisa", "answer_start": 1383}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Cathedral square of Pisa", "answer_start": 1379}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": " the Cathedral square of Pisa (1987)", "answer_start": 1378}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many nature reserves are there?", "answers": [{"text": "120", "answer_span": "Tuscany has over 120 protected nature reserves", "answer_start": 1608}, {"text": "over 120", "answer_span": "over 120", "answer_start": 1620}, {"text": "over 120", "answer_span": "over 120 protected nature reserves", "answer_start": 1620}, {"text": "over 120", "answer_span": " over 120 ", "answer_start": 1619}], "orig_answer": {"text": "120", "answer_span": "Tuscany has over 120 protected nature reserves", "answer_start": 1608}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many tourists did they get in 2012?", "answers": [{"text": "1.834 million", "answer_span": "In 2012, the city of Florence was the world's 89th most visited city, with over 1.834 million arrivals.", "answer_start": 1771}, {"text": "over 1.834 million", "answer_span": "over 1.834 million", "answer_start": 1846}, {"text": "over 1.834 million", "answer_span": "over 1.834 million arrivals", "answer_start": 1846}, {"text": "over 1.834 million", "answer_span": "over 1.834 million", "answer_start": 1846}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1.834 million", "answer_span": "In 2012, the city of Florence was the world's 89th most visited city, with over 1.834 million arrivals.", "answer_start": 1771}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What museums are in Tuscany?", "answers": [{"text": "Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_span": "and contains well-known museums such as the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_start": 415}, {"text": "the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_span": "the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_start": 455}, {"text": "the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_span": "the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_start": 455}, {"text": "Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_span": " Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_start": 458}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_span": "and contains well-known museums such as the Uffizi and the Pitti Palace", "answer_start": 415}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Tuscany landlocked?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited seaside destination in the region, with seaside tourism accounting for approximately 40% of tourist arrivals in Tuscany", "answer_start": 927}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " seaside destination", "answer_start": 992}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "seaside destination in the region", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "with seaside tourism", "answer_start": 1028}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited seaside destination in the region, with seaside tourism accounting for approximately 40% of tourist arrivals in Tuscany", "answer_start": 927}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What's the most visited location that borders water?", "answers": [{"text": "Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_span": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited seaside destination ", "answer_start": 927}, {"text": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_span": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_start": 927}, {"text": "Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_span": "Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited seaside destination in the region", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_span": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_start": 927}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Castiglione della Pescaia", "answer_span": "The village of Castiglione della Pescaia is also the most visited seaside destination ", "answer_start": 927}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What movement was born there?", "answers": [{"text": "Italian Renaissance", "answer_span": "It is regarded as the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance ", "answer_start": 274}, {"text": "the Italian Renaissance", "answer_span": " the Italian Renaissance", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "Italian Renaissance", "answer_span": "birthplace of the Italian Renaissance", "answer_start": 296}, {"text": "Italian Renaissance", "answer_span": " Italian Renaissance", "answer_start": 313}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Italian Renaissance", "answer_span": "It is regarded as the birthplace of the Italian Renaissance ", "answer_start": 274}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people live there?", "answers": [{"text": "About 3.8 million", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "about 3.8 million", "answer_span": "about 3.8 million", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "about 3.8 million", "answer_span": "3.8 million inhabitants ", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "about 3.8 million", "answer_span": "about 3.8 million", "answer_start": 79}], "orig_answer": {"text": "About 3.8 million", "answer_span": "Tuscany is a region in central Italy with an area of about and a population of about 3.8 million", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What Pienza location is a heritage site?", "answers": [{"text": "The Centre.", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza (1996)", "answer_start": 1502}, {"text": "the historical centre of Pienza", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza ", "answer_start": 1502}, {"text": "historical centre of Pienza", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza", "answer_start": 1502}, {"text": "the historical centre of Pienza", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza ", "answer_start": 1502}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Centre.", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza (1996)", "answer_start": 1502}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it designated that?", "answers": [{"text": "1996.", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza (1996)", "answer_start": 1502}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "1996", "answer_start": 1535}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "historical centre of Pienza (1996)", "answer_start": 1506}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "1996", "answer_start": 1535}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1996.", "answer_span": "the historical centre of Pienza (1996)", "answer_start": 1502}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which city had the second most tourists in the area?", "answers": [{"text": "Pisa", "answer_span": "Tuscany is traditionally a popular destination in Italy, and the main tourist destinations by number of tourist arrivals in 2014 were Florence, Pisa,", "answer_start": 718}, {"text": "Pisa", "answer_span": "Pisa", "answer_start": 862}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "Pisa,", "answer_span": " Pisa,", "answer_start": 861}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pisa", "answer_span": "Tuscany is traditionally a popular destination in Italy, and the main tourist destinations by number of tourist arrivals in 2014 were Florence, Pisa,", "answer_start": 718}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was Florence ranked higher or lower?", "answers": [{"text": "Higher", "answer_span": "Tuscany is traditionally a popular destination in Italy, and the main tourist destinations by number of tourist arrivals in 2014 were Florence, Pisa,", "answer_start": 718}, {"text": "higher", "answer_span": "Florence, Pisa", "answer_start": 852}, {"text": "higher", "answer_span": "Florence", "answer_start": 852}, {"text": "higher", "answer_span": "Florence", "answer_start": 852}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Higher", "answer_span": "Tuscany is traditionally a popular destination in Italy, and the main tourist destinations by number of tourist arrivals in 2014 were Florence, Pisa,", "answer_start": 718}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What alcohol is made there?", "answers": [{"text": "Wine.", "answer_span": " Tuscany produces wines,", "answer_start": 487}, {"text": "wine", "answer_span": "Tuscany produces wines", "answer_start": 488}, {"text": "wines", "answer_span": "Tuscany produces wines", "answer_start": 488}, {"text": "wines,", "answer_span": " wines,", "answer_start": 504}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Wine.", "answer_span": " Tuscany produces wines,", "answer_start": 487}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have its own cultural identity?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Tuscany is known for its landscapes, traditions, history, artistic legacy and its influence on high culture.", "answer_start": 165}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Having a strong linguistic and cultural identity", "answer_start": 611}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Having a strong linguistic and cultural identity", "answer_start": 611}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Having a strong linguistic and cultural identity", "answer_start": 611}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Tuscany is known for its landscapes, traditions, history, artistic legacy and its influence on high culture.", "answer_start": 165}, "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "31uv0mxwnqc77o5jzgp1cp15oz95ic"}], "section_title": "Tuscany", "background": "Tuscany", "title": "Tuscany"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Sports Illustrated is an American sports media franchise owned by Time Inc. Its self-titled magazine has over 3 million subscribers and is read by 23 million people each week, including over 18 million men. It was the first magazine with circulation over one million to win the National Magazine Award for General Excellence twice. Its swimsuit issue, which has been published since 1964, is now an annual publishing event that generates its own television shows, videos and calendars. \n\nThere were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\" before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954. In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\" with a target market for the sportsman. He published the magazine from 1936 to 1938 on a monthly basis. The magazine was a life magazine size and focused on golf, tennis, and skiing with articles on the major sports. He then sold the name to Dell Publications, which released \"Sports Illustrated\" in 1949 and this version lasted 6 issues before closing. Dell's version focused on major sports (baseball, basketball, boxing) and competed on magazine racks against \"Sport\" and other monthly sports magazines. During the 1940s these magazines were monthly and they did not cover the current events because of the production schedules. There was no large-base, general, weekly sports magazine with a national following on actual active events. It was then that \"Time\" patriarch Henry Luce began considering whether his company should attempt to fill that gap. At the time, many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism and did not think sports news could fill a weekly magazine, especially during the winter. A number of advisers to Luce, including \"Life\" magazine's Ernest Havemann, tried to kill the idea, but Luce, who was not a sports fan, decided the time was right.", "qas": [{"question": "Sports Illustrated What's the topic of focus?", "answers": [{"text": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_span": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_span": "Sports Illustrated is an American sports media franchise", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_span": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_span": "Sports Illustrated is an American sports media franchise", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_span": "Sports Illustrated", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people read their magazine?", "answers": [{"text": "23 million", "answer_span": "read by 23 million people", "answer_start": 139}, {"text": "23 million people", "answer_span": "Its self-titled magazine has over 3 million subscribers and is read by 23 million people", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "23 million people each week", "answer_span": "Its self-titled magazine has over 3 million subscribers and is read by 23 million people each week", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "23 million each week", "answer_span": " Its self-titled magazine has over 3 million subscribers and is read by 23 million people each week", "answer_start": 75}], "orig_answer": {"text": "23 million", "answer_span": "read by 23 million people", "answer_start": 139}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many subscribe to it?", "answers": [{"text": "over 3 million", "answer_span": "magazine has over 3 million subscribers", "answer_start": 92}, {"text": "over 3 million", "answer_span": "over 3 million subscribers", "answer_start": 105}, {"text": "3 million", "answer_span": "has over 3 million subscribers", "answer_start": 101}, {"text": "over 3 million", "answer_span": ". Its self-titled magazine has over 3 million subscribers and is read by 23 million people each week", "answer_start": 74}], "orig_answer": {"text": "over 3 million", "answer_span": "magazine has over 3 million subscribers", "answer_start": 92}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many of the readers of male?", "answers": [{"text": "over 18 million", "answer_span": "including over 18 million men", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "over 18 million", "answer_span": " over 18 million men.", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "18 million", "answer_span": "including over 18 million men", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "18 million", "answer_span": " is read by 23 million people each week, including over 18 million men", "answer_start": 135}], "orig_answer": {"text": "over 18 million", "answer_span": "including over 18 million men", "answer_start": 176}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Since when has the swimsuit issue been published?", "answers": [{"text": "1964", "answer_span": "ts swimsuit issue, which has been published since 1964", "answer_start": 333}, {"text": "1964", "answer_span": "Its swimsuit issue, which has been published since 1964", "answer_start": 332}, {"text": "1964", "answer_span": " Its swimsuit issue, which has been published since 1964", "answer_start": 331}, {"text": "1964", "answer_span": " Its swimsuit issue, which has been published since 1964", "answer_start": 331}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1964", "answer_span": "ts swimsuit issue, which has been published since 1964", "answer_start": 333}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many of the Sports Illustrations were there initially?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_start": 488}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\" before the current magazine began", "answer_start": 488}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\" b", "answer_start": 488}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\" before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954", "answer_start": 488}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_start": 488}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did that change?", "answers": [{"text": "August 16, 1954", "answer_span": "before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "August 16, 1954", "answer_span": "before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "August 16, 1954", "answer_span": "before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954", "answer_start": 540}, {"text": "August 16, 1954", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\" before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954", "answer_start": 488}], "orig_answer": {"text": "August 16, 1954", "answer_span": "before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954", "answer_start": 540}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was their target group?", "answers": [{"text": "the sportsman", "answer_span": "a target market for the sportsman", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "the sportsman.", "answer_span": "with a target market for the sportsman.", "answer_start": 648}, {"text": "Golf, tennis, and skiing fans", "answer_span": "The magazine was a life magazine size and focused on golf, tennis, and skiing ", "answer_start": 752}, {"text": "sportsman", "answer_span": "There were two magazines named \"Sports Illustrated\" before the current magazine began on August 16, 1954. In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\" with a target market for the sportsman", "answer_start": 488}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the sportsman", "answer_span": "a target market for the sportsman", "answer_start": 653}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was created in 1936?", "answers": [{"text": "the magazine", "answer_span": " He published the magazine from 1936", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "\"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_span": "In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_start": 594}, {"text": "\"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_span": "In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_start": 594}, {"text": "\"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_span": "In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\" ", "answer_start": 594}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the magazine", "answer_span": " He published the magazine from 1936", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who created it?", "answers": [{"text": "Stuart Scheftel", "answer_span": "Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated", "answer_start": 603}, {"text": "Stuart Scheftel", "answer_span": " In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_start": 593}, {"text": "Stuart Scheftel", "answer_span": " In 1936, Stuart Scheftel", "answer_start": 593}, {"text": "Stuart Scheftel", "answer_span": " In 1936, Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated\"", "answer_start": 593}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stuart Scheftel", "answer_span": "Stuart Scheftel created \"Sports Illustrated", "answer_start": 603}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How often would it come out then?", "answers": [{"text": "monthly", "answer_span": "on a monthly basis", "answer_start": 732}, {"text": "monthly", "answer_span": "He published the magazine from 1936 to 1938 on a monthly basis.", "answer_start": 688}, {"text": "Monthly", "answer_span": "He published the magazine from 1936 to 1938 on a monthly basis", "answer_start": 688}, {"text": "monthly", "answer_span": "He published the magazine from 1936 to 1938 on a monthly basis.", "answer_start": 688}], "orig_answer": {"text": "monthly", "answer_span": "on a monthly basis", "answer_start": 732}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who worked for Time magazine?", "answers": [{"text": "Henry Luce", "answer_span": "\"Time\" patriarch Henry Luce ", "answer_start": 1405}, {"text": "Henry Luce", "answer_span": " It was then that \"Time\" patriarch Henry Luce", "answer_start": 1387}, {"text": "Ernest Havemann", "answer_span": " including \"Life\" magazine's Ernest Havemann", "answer_start": 1705}, {"text": "Henry Luce", "answer_span": "It was then that \"Time\" patriarch Henry Luce began considering whether his company should attempt to fill that gap", "answer_start": 1388}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Henry Luce", "answer_span": "\"Time\" patriarch Henry Luce ", "answer_start": 1405}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did people think of sports journalism then?", "answers": [{"text": "many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_span": "many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_start": 1517}, {"text": "it was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_span": "At the time, many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism and did not think sports news could fill a weekly magazine, especially during the winter.", "answer_start": 1504}, {"text": "Beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_span": "At the time, many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_start": 1504}, {"text": "it was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_span": " At the time, many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism and did not think sports news could fill a weekly magazine", "answer_start": 1503}], "orig_answer": {"text": "many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_span": "many believed sports was beneath the attention of serious journalism", "answer_start": 1517}, "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "34fnn24dcm9txoko3yb4ydvtefry5p"}], "section_title": "Sports Illustrated", "background": "Sports Illustrated", "title": "Sports Illustrated"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. Due to its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been undertaken over time by its subdivisions, which have also been subject to periodic reform. Throughout these changes, Yorkshire has continued to be recognised as a geographical territory and cultural region. The name is familiar and well understood across the United Kingdom and is in common use in the media and the military, and also features in the titles of current areas of civil administration such as North Yorkshire, South Yorkshire, West Yorkshire and East Riding of Yorkshire. \n\nWithin the borders of the historic county of Yorkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors and to the open aspect of some of the major cities. Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\". \n\nThe emblem of Yorkshire is the White Rose of the English royal House of York, and the most commonly used flag representative of Yorkshire is the White Rose on a blue background, which after nearly fifty years of use, was recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008. Yorkshire Day, held annually on 1 August, is a celebration of the general culture of Yorkshire, ranging from its history to its own dialect.", "qas": [{"question": "Yorkshire what is the emblem of the country", "answers": [{"text": "the White Rose of the English royal House of York", "answer_span": " the White Rose of the English royal House of York", "answer_start": 1112}, {"text": "The White Rose of the English royal House of York.", "answer_span": "The emblem of Yorkshire is the White Rose of the English royal House of York", "answer_start": 1086}, {"text": "White Rose of the English royal House of York,", "answer_span": "The emblem of Yorkshire is the White Rose of the English royal House of York,", "answer_start": 1086}, {"text": "White Rose", "answer_span": "The emblem of Yorkshire is the White Rose", "answer_start": 1086}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the White Rose of the English royal House of York", "answer_span": " the White Rose of the English royal House of York", "answer_start": 1112}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does their flag look like", "answers": [{"text": "the White Rose on a blue background", "answer_span": "the White Rose on a blue background", "answer_start": 1227}, {"text": "A White Rose on a blue background.", "answer_span": "the most commonly used flag representative of Yorkshire is the White Rose on a blue background", "answer_start": 1168}, {"text": "White Rose on a blue background,", "answer_span": "nd the most commonly used flag representative of Yorkshire is the White Rose on a blue background,", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "White Rose on a blue background", "answer_span": " flag representative of Yorkshire is the White Rose on a blue background", "answer_start": 1190}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the White Rose on a blue background", "answer_span": "the White Rose on a blue background", "answer_start": 1227}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many years was it used before it was finally recognized", "answers": [{"text": "fifty years", "answer_span": "y fifty years", "answer_start": 1281}, {"text": "Nearly fifty years.", "answer_span": "the most commonly used flag representative of Yorkshire is the White Rose on a blue background, which after nearly fifty years of use, was recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008.", "answer_start": 1168}, {"text": "50 years", "answer_span": "which after nearly fifty years of use, was recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008", "answer_start": 1264}, {"text": "nearly fifty years", "answer_span": "White Rose on a blue background, which after nearly fifty years of use, was recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008. ", "answer_start": 1231}], "orig_answer": {"text": "fifty years", "answer_span": "y fifty years", "answer_start": 1281}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what organization recognized it", "answers": [{"text": "the Flag Institute", "answer_span": "the Flag Institute", "answer_start": 1321}, {"text": "The Flag Institute.", "answer_span": "was recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008.", "answer_start": 1303}, {"text": "Flag Institute", "answer_span": " by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008.", "answer_start": 1317}, {"text": "Flag Institute", "answer_span": "recognised by the Flag Institute on 29 July 2008", "answer_start": 1307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Flag Institute", "answer_span": "the Flag Institute", "answer_start": 1321}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what holiday is celebrated annually", "answers": [{"text": "Yorkshire Day", "answer_span": " Yorkshire Day", "answer_start": 1356}, {"text": "Yorkshire Day.", "answer_span": "Yorkshire Day, held annually on 1 August, is a celebration of the general culture of Yorkshire", "answer_start": 1357}, {"text": "Yorkshire Day,", "answer_span": "Yorkshire Day, held annually on 1 August, ", "answer_start": 1357}, {"text": "Yorkshire Day", "answer_span": "Yorkshire Day, held annually ", "answer_start": 1357}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yorkshire Day", "answer_span": " Yorkshire Day", "answer_start": 1356}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what day is it celebrated", "answers": [{"text": "1 August", "answer_span": " 1 August", "answer_start": 1388}, {"text": "On August 1st.", "answer_span": " Yorkshire Day, held annually on 1 August", "answer_start": 1356}, {"text": "1 August,", "answer_span": "Yorkshire Day, held annually on 1 August,", "answer_start": 1357}, {"text": "1 August", "answer_span": "Yorkshire Day, held annually on 1 August", "answer_start": 1357}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1 August", "answer_span": " 1 August", "answer_start": 1388}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the country formally known as", "answers": [{"text": "the County of York,", "answer_span": " the County of York,", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "The County of York.", "answer_span": "orkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "the County of York", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "County of York", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the County of York,", "answer_span": " the County of York,", "answer_start": 54}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it have a nickname", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "abbreviated Yorks", "answer_start": 17}, {"text": "\"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\".", "answer_span": " Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\". ", "answer_start": 1001}, {"text": "Yorks", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and t", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\". ", "answer_start": 1002}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "abbreviated Yorks", "answer_start": 17}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it", "answers": [{"text": "Yorks", "answer_span": "Yorks", "answer_start": 29}, {"text": "\"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\".", "answer_span": "Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\". \n", "answer_start": 1002}, {"text": "Yorks),", "answer_span": "orkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks),", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "\"God's Own County\"", "answer_span": "Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\"", "answer_start": 1002}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yorks", "answer_span": "Yorks", "answer_start": 29}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what other nickname/ \"phrase\"", "answers": [{"text": "God's Own County", "answer_span": "God's Own County", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "Yorks.", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\".", "answer_span": "orkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\". ", "answer_start": 1003}, {"text": "\"God's Own Country\"", "answer_span": " Yorkshire has sometimes been nicknamed \"God's Own County\" or \"God's Own Country\". ", "answer_start": 1001}], "orig_answer": {"text": "God's Own County", "answer_span": "God's Own County", "answer_start": 1042}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is the country located", "answers": [{"text": "Northern England", "answer_span": "Northern England ", "answer_start": 99}, {"text": "In Northern England.", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Northern England", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Northern England", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Northern England", "answer_span": "Northern England ", "answer_start": 99}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is this a large country", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Due to its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been undertaken over time by its subdivisions", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "the largest in the United Kingdom", "answer_start": 120}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and the largest in the United Kingdom", "answer_start": 116}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Yorkshire ( or ; abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom. ", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Due to its great size in comparison to other English counties, functions have been undertaken over time by its subdivisions", "answer_start": 154}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it have some of the greenest land", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Within the borders of the historic county of Yorkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales", "answer_start": 726}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "are widely considered to be among the greenest in England", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Within the borders of the historic county of Yorkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England", "answer_start": 726}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "orkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England", "answer_start": 772}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Within the borders of the historic county of Yorkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales", "answer_start": 726}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "why is this", "answers": [{"text": "due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside", "answer_span": " due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside", "answer_start": 855}, {"text": "Due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors and to the open aspect of some of the major cities.", "answer_span": "are widely considered to be among the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors and to the open aspect of some of the major cities.", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "vast stretches of unspoilt countryside", "answer_span": "mong the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors ", "answer_start": 826}, {"text": "due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside", "answer_span": "Within the borders of the historic county of Yorkshire are areas which are widely considered to be among the greenest in England, due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside in the Yorkshire Dales and North York Moors ", "answer_start": 726}], "orig_answer": {"text": "due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside", "answer_span": " due to the vast stretches of unspoilt countryside", "answer_start": 855}, "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3lpw2n6lkt2cgf0jtxefvspgiv25us"}], "section_title": "Yorkshire", "background": "Yorkshire", "title": "Yorkshire"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Plymouth (i/\u02c8pl\u026am\u0259\u03b8/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter and 190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London, between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall. \n\nPlymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age, when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten. This settlement continued as a trading post for the Roman Empire, until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton, now called Plymouth. In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony \u2013 the second English settlement in what is now the United States of America. During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians and was besieged between 1642 and 1646. \n\nThroughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port, handling imports and passengers from the Americas, and exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic) while the neighbouring town of Devonport became a strategic Royal Naval shipbuilding and dockyard town. In 1914 three neighbouring independent towns, viz., the county borough of Plymouth, the county borough of Devonport, and the urban district of East Stonehouse were merged to form a single County Borough. The combined town took the name of Plymouth which, in 1928, achieved city status. The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II, an act known as the Plymouth Blitz. After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt and subsequent expansion led to the incorporation of Plympton and Plymstock along with other outlying suburbs in 1967.", "qas": [{"question": "Plymouth What grew as a commercial port during the Industrial Revolution?", "answers": [{"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Plymouth ", "answer_start": 883}, {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": " Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port", "answer_start": 882}, {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Plymouth ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Throughout the Industrial Revolution, Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port", "answer_start": 845}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Plymouth ", "answer_start": 883}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it located on the south coast of?", "answers": [{"text": "Devon", "answer_span": "Devon", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "Devon", "answer_span": "Plymouth (i/\u02c8pl\u026am\u0259\u03b8/) is a city on the south coast of Devon", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Devon", "answer_span": "Devon", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "Devon", "answer_span": "Plymouth (i/\u02c8pl\u026am\u0259\u03b8/) is a city on the south coast of Devon", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Devon", "answer_span": "Devon", "answer_start": 54}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what country?", "answers": [{"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 61}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "Devon, England,", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 61}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "Devon, England", "answer_start": 54}], "orig_answer": {"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 61}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does Plymouth's early history extend to?", "answers": [{"text": "the Bronze Age", "answer_span": "the Bronze Age", "answer_start": 341}, {"text": "the Bronze Age", "answer_span": "Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age,", "answer_start": 305}, {"text": "the Bronze Age", "answer_span": "the Bronze Age", "answer_start": 341}, {"text": "the Bronze Age", "answer_span": "Plymouth's early history extends to the Bronze Age", "answer_start": 305}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Bronze Age", "answer_span": "the Bronze Age", "answer_start": 341}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was a first settlement?", "answers": [{"text": "at Mount Batten", "answer_span": " at Mount Batten", "answer_start": 388}, {"text": "Mount Batten", "answer_span": "when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten", "answer_start": 357}, {"text": "Mount Batten", "answer_span": "Mount Batten", "answer_start": 392}, {"text": "Mount Batten", "answer_span": "when a first settlement emerged at Mount Batten", "answer_start": 357}], "orig_answer": {"text": "at Mount Batten", "answer_span": " at Mount Batten", "answer_start": 388}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 1620?", "answers": [{"text": "the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony", "answer_span": " the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony", "answer_start": 566}, {"text": "the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth", "answer_span": "In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth", "answer_span": " the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth", "answer_start": 566}, {"text": "the Pilgrim Fathers departed", "answer_span": "In 1620, the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth", "answer_start": 558}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony", "answer_span": " the Pilgrim Fathers departed Plymouth for the New World and established Plymouth Colony", "answer_start": 566}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it the first English settlement?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "second ", "answer_start": 661}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the second English settlement", "answer_start": 656}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the second ", "answer_start": 657}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the second English settlement", "answer_start": 657}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "second ", "answer_start": 661}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which number was it?", "answers": [{"text": "the second", "answer_span": "the second ", "answer_start": 657}, {"text": "the second", "answer_span": " the second English settlement", "answer_start": 656}, {"text": "the second", "answer_span": "the second ", "answer_start": 657}, {"text": "second", "answer_span": " the second English settlement", "answer_start": 656}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the second", "answer_span": "the second ", "answer_start": 657}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who held it during the English Civil War?", "answers": [{"text": "the Parliamentarians", "answer_span": "the Parliamentarians", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "the Parliamentarians", "answer_span": "During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians", "answer_start": 732}, {"text": "Parliamentarians", "answer_span": "Parliamentarians ", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "the Parliamentarians", "answer_span": "During the English Civil War the town was held by the Parliamentarians", "answer_start": 732}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Parliamentarians", "answer_span": "the Parliamentarians", "answer_start": 782}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it besieged?", "answers": [{"text": "between 1642 and 1646", "answer_span": " between 1642 and 1646", "answer_start": 819}, {"text": "between 1642 and 1646", "answer_span": "was besieged between 1642 and 1646", "answer_start": 807}, {"text": "between 1642 and 1646", "answer_span": "between 1642 and 1646", "answer_start": 820}, {"text": "between 1642 and 1646", "answer_span": "was besieged between 1642 and 1646", "answer_start": 807}], "orig_answer": {"text": "between 1642 and 1646", "answer_span": " between 1642 and 1646", "answer_start": 819}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did the city's naval importance lead to?", "answers": [{"text": "its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_span": "its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_start": 1483}, {"text": "its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_span": " The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_start": 1441}, {"text": "its targeting and partial destruction", "answer_span": " its targeting and partial destruction", "answer_start": 1482}, {"text": "it's partial destruction during World War II", "answer_span": "The city's naval importance later led to its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_start": 1442}], "orig_answer": {"text": "its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_span": "its targeting and partial destruction during World War II", "answer_start": 1483}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened to the city centre after the war?", "answers": [{"text": "it was completely rebuilt", "answer_span": "was completely rebuilt ", "answer_start": 1608}, {"text": "it was rebuilt", "answer_span": " After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt", "answer_start": 1577}, {"text": "the city centre was completely rebuilt", "answer_span": " the city centre was completely rebuilt ", "answer_start": 1591}, {"text": "it was rebuilt", "answer_span": "After the war the city centre was completely rebuilt", "answer_start": 1578}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it was completely rebuilt", "answer_span": "was completely rebuilt ", "answer_start": 1608}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of a trading post was the early Plymouth?", "answers": [{"text": "it was a trading post for the Roman Empire", "answer_span": "a trading post for the Roman Empire", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "Roman", "answer_span": "a trading post for the Roman Empire", "answer_start": 435}, {"text": "a commercial shipping port", "answer_span": "a commercial shipping port", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "a commercial shipping port", "answer_span": "Plymouth grew as a commercial shipping port", "answer_start": 883}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it was a trading post for the Roman Empire", "answer_span": "a trading post for the Roman Empire", "answer_start": 435}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What village did it get surpassed by?", "answers": [{"text": "Sutton", "answer_span": "Sutton", "answer_start": 529}, {"text": "Sutton", "answer_span": "until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton", "answer_start": 472}, {"text": "Sutton", "answer_span": "Sutton", "answer_start": 529}, {"text": "Sutton", "answer_span": "until it was surpassed by the more prosperous village of Sutton", "answer_start": 472}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sutton", "answer_span": "Sutton", "answer_start": 529}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Sutton called today?", "answers": [{"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Plymouth", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Sutton, now called Plymouth", "answer_start": 529}, {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Plymouth", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "village of Sutton, now called Plymouth", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Plymouth", "answer_span": "Plymouth", "answer_start": 548}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is Plymouth in England, 38 miles south-west of Exeter?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " 37 miles", "answer_start": 75}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter", "answer_start": 70}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "37 ", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Plymouth (i/\u02c8pl\u026am\u0259\u03b8/) is a city on the south coast of Devon, England, about 37 miles (60 km) south-west of Exeter", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " 37 miles", "answer_start": 75}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which river mouths is it in between?", "answers": [{"text": "Plym and Tamar", "answer_span": "Plym to the east and Tamar", "answer_start": 197}, {"text": "Plym and Tamar", "answer_span": "between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar ", "answer_start": 164}, {"text": "Plym and Tamar", "answer_span": "Plym to the east and Tamar", "answer_start": 197}, {"text": "Plym  and Tamar", "answer_span": "between the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west", "answer_start": 164}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Plym and Tamar", "answer_span": "Plym to the east and Tamar", "answer_start": 197}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which boundary do the form?", "answers": [{"text": "Cornwall", "answer_span": "Cornwall", "answer_start": 293}, {"text": "the boundary with Cornwall", "answer_span": "to form the boundary with Cornwall. ", "answer_start": 267}, {"text": "the boundary with Cornwall", "answer_span": "the boundary with Cornwall", "answer_start": 275}, {"text": "Cornwall.", "answer_span": "the mouths of the rivers Plym to the east and Tamar to the west where they join Plymouth Sound to form the boundary with Cornwall.", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cornwall", "answer_span": "Cornwall", "answer_start": 293}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many miles is it west-south-west of London?", "answers": [{"text": "190", "answer_span": "190 ", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "190", "answer_span": "190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "190", "answer_span": "190", "answer_start": 118}, {"text": "190", "answer_span": "190 miles (310 km) west-south-west of London", "answer_start": 118}], "orig_answer": {"text": "190", "answer_span": "190 ", "answer_start": 118}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of exports came from Plymouth?", "answers": [{"text": "local minerals", "answer_span": " local minerals", "answer_start": 992}, {"text": "minerals", "answer_span": "exporting local minerals", "answer_start": 983}, {"text": "local minerals", "answer_span": "local minerals", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic", "answer_span": " exporting local minerals (tin, copper, lime, china clay and arsenic)", "answer_start": 982}], "orig_answer": {"text": "local minerals", "answer_span": " local minerals", "answer_start": 992}, "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3z3zlgnnsiuha76yy56h6uu712v3qx"}], "section_title": "Plymouth", "background": "Plymouth", "title": "Plymouth"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario. With a population in 2016 of 2,731,571, it is the fourth most populous city in North America after Mexico City, New York City, and Los Angeles. Toronto is the centre of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), the most populous metropolitan area in Canada, and anchors the Golden Horseshoe, an urbanized region that is home to 9.2 million people, or over 26% of the population of Canada. A global city, Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture. \n\nToronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario on a broad sloping plateau interspersed with rivers, deep ravines, and urban forest. Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited the area for more than 10,000 years. After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown, the British established the town of York in 1793, and later designated it as the capital of Upper Canada. During the War of 1812, the town was the site of the Battle of York and suffered heavy damage by U.S. troops. York was renamed and incorporated as the city of Toronto in 1834, and became the capital of the province of Ontario during Canadian Confederation in 1867. The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through both annexation and amalgamation to its current area of .", "qas": [{"question": "Toronto where is Toronto located?", "answers": [{"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "Canada", "answer_start": 37}, {"text": "Southern Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what part?", "answers": [{"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Ontario", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario ", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "Southern Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario", "answer_start": 555}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how long have people been in the area?", "answers": [{"text": "More than 10,000 years", "answer_span": "Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited the area for more than 10,000 years", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "10,000 years", "answer_span": "10,000 years", "answer_start": 800}, {"text": "more than 10,000 years.", "answer_span": "Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited the area for more than 10,000 years.", "answer_start": 721}, {"text": "more than 10,000 years.", "answer_span": "Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited the area for more than 10,000 years.", "answer_start": 721}], "orig_answer": {"text": "More than 10,000 years", "answer_span": "Indigenous peoples have travelled through and inhabited the area for more than 10,000 years", "answer_start": 721}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the former name of Toronto?", "answers": [{"text": "York", "answer_span": " the British established the town of York in 1793,", "answer_start": 923}, {"text": "York", "answer_span": "York", "answer_start": 960}, {"text": "York", "answer_span": "York was renamed and incorporated as the city of Toronto ", "answer_start": 1140}, {"text": "York", "answer_span": " York was renamed and incorporated as the city of Toronto", "answer_start": 1139}], "orig_answer": {"text": "York", "answer_span": " the British established the town of York in 1793,", "answer_start": 923}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is Toronto a capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " and the provincial capital of Ontario.", "answer_start": 43}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 33}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "of where?", "answers": [{"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Ontario", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Ontario.", "answer_span": " capital of Ontario.", "answer_start": 62}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada and the provincial capital of Ontario", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did it become the capital?", "answers": [{"text": "1867", "answer_span": " and became the capital of the province of Ontario during Canadian Confederation in 1867.", "answer_start": 1205}, {"text": "1867", "answer_span": "1867", "answer_start": 1289}, {"text": "1867", "answer_span": " became the capital of the province of Ontario during Canadian Confederation in 1867", "answer_start": 1209}, {"text": "1867", "answer_span": "became the capital of the province of Ontario during Canadian Confederation in 1867", "answer_start": 1210}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1867", "answer_span": " and became the capital of the province of Ontario during Canadian Confederation in 1867.", "answer_start": 1205}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where does Toronto rank in terms of population?", "answers": [{"text": "Fourth most populous city in North America", "answer_span": " it is the fourth most populous city in North America ", "answer_start": 122}, {"text": "fourth", "answer_span": " fourth", "answer_start": 132}, {"text": "the most populous city in Canada", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "it is the fourth most populous city in North America", "answer_span": "it is the fourth most populous city in North America", "answer_start": 123}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Fourth most populous city in North America", "answer_span": " it is the fourth most populous city in North America ", "answer_start": 122}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and in Canada?", "answers": [{"text": "It's the most populous", "answer_span": "Toronto is the centre of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), the most populous metropolitan area in Canada,", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "first", "answer_span": " is the most populous city in Canada ", "answer_start": 7}, {"text": "the most populous city in Canada", "answer_span": "Toronto is the most populous city in Canada", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the most populous metropolitan area in Canada", "answer_span": "the most populous metropolitan area in Canada", "answer_start": 284}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It's the most populous", "answer_span": "Toronto is the centre of the Greater Toronto Area (GTA), the most populous metropolitan area in Canada,", "answer_start": 227}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what lake does Toronto border?", "answers": [{"text": "Lake Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "Lake Ontario", "answer_span": " Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 622}, {"text": "Lake Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "Lake Ontario", "answer_span": " Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 622}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lake Ontario", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "on which shore?", "answers": [{"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": "northwestern", "answer_start": 601}, {"text": "the northwestern shore", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "the northwestern shore", "answer_span": " the northwestern shore", "answer_start": 596}], "orig_answer": {"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": "Toronto is located in Southern Ontario on the northwestern shore of Lake Ontario", "answer_start": 555}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what happened during the Toronto purchase?", "answers": [{"text": "The Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown.", "answer_span": "After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "the British established the town of York", "answer_span": "the British established the town of York", "answer_start": 924}, {"text": "British established the town of York", "answer_span": " After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown, the British established the town of York in 1793", "answer_start": 813}, {"text": "the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown", "answer_span": " the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown", "answer_start": 863}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown.", "answer_span": "After the broadly disputed Toronto Purchase, when the Mississaugas surrendered the area to the British Crown", "answer_start": 814}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how has Toronto expanded past its original borders?", "answers": [{"text": "annexation and amalgamation", "answer_span": "The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through both annexation and amalgamation", "answer_start": 1295}, {"text": "annexation and amalgamation", "answer_span": "annexation and amalgamation", "answer_start": 1369}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city proper has since expanded past its original borders", "answer_start": 1295}, {"text": "through annexation", "answer_span": "through both annexation", "answer_start": 1356}], "orig_answer": {"text": "annexation and amalgamation", "answer_span": "The city proper has since expanded past its original borders through both annexation and amalgamation", "answer_start": 1295}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the golden horseshoe?", "answers": [{"text": "an urbanized region", "answer_span": " the Golden Horseshoe, an urbanized region ", "answer_start": 342}, {"text": "an urbanized region", "answer_span": " an urbanized region ", "answer_start": 364}, {"text": "an urbanized region that is home to 9.2 million people", "answer_span": "the Golden Horseshoe, an urbanized region that is home to 9.2 million people", "answer_start": 343}, {"text": "anchors the Golden Horseshoe", "answer_span": "anchors the Golden Horseshoe", "answer_start": 335}], "orig_answer": {"text": "an urbanized region", "answer_span": " the Golden Horseshoe, an urbanized region ", "answer_start": 342}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is Toronto the center of?", "answers": [{"text": "Business, finance, arts, and culture.", "answer_span": " Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture. \n", "answer_start": 476}, {"text": "the Greater Toronto Area", "answer_span": "the Greater Toronto Area", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "the Greater Toronto Area", "answer_span": "Toronto is the centre of the Greater Toronto Area ", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "the Greater Toronto Area", "answer_span": " centre of the Greater Toronto Area ", "answer_start": 241}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Business, finance, arts, and culture.", "answer_span": " Toronto is an international centre of business, finance, arts, and culture. \n", "answer_start": 476}, "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3r2ur8a0iagq5t0w3hl1o5obt8sxol"}], "section_title": "Toronto", "background": "Toronto", "title": "Toronto"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; Istat) is the main producer of official statistics in Italy. Its activities include the census of population, economic censuses and a number of social, economic and environmental surveys and analyses. Istat is by far the largest producer of statistical information in Italy, and is an active member of the European Statistical System, coordinated by Eurostat. \n\nIts publications are released under creative commons \"Attribution\" (CC BY) license. \n\nIstat was created in 1926 as \"Central Institute of Statistics\" (Istituto Centrale di Statistica), to collect and organize essential data about the nation. It took its current denomination with the reform of 1989. This also gave Istat statutory responsibility for the coordination and standardization of official statistics collected or published under the aegis of the national statistical system SISTAN, whose membership includes the statistical offices of ministries, national agencies, regions, provinces, communes, chambers of commerce, and similar bodies. Since 4 August 2009, Enrico Giovannini, former Chief statistician of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), has been the President of the institute. \"Istituto Centrale di Statistica\": \"Istituto Nazionale di Statistica\": \n\nIstat has 18 regional offices which host public access points named \"Centri di informazione statistica\", Statistical information centers. The center in Rome also offers data from Eurostat.", "qas": [{"question": "National Institute of Statistics (Italy) What does Istat stand for in English?", "answers": [{"text": "Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_start": 4}, {"text": "The Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "The Italian National Institute of Statistics (Italian: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; Istat", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_start": 4}, {"text": "The Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "The Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "Italian National Institute of Statistics", "answer_start": 4}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does Istat stand for in Italian?", "answers": [{"text": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_span": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_start": 55}, {"text": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_span": "Italian: Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; Istat", "answer_start": 46}, {"text": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_span": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_start": 55}, {"text": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; Istat", "answer_span": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica; Istat", "answer_start": 55}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_span": "Istituto Nazionale di Statistica", "answer_start": 55}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country does it operate for?", "answers": [{"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Italy", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": " the main producer of official statistics in Italy", "answer_start": 98}, {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Italy", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Italy", "answer_start": 143}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Italy", "answer_span": "Italy", "answer_start": 143}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a member of the European Statistical System?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "nd is an active member of the European Statistical System, coordinated by Eurostat. ", "answer_start": 365}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " is an active member of the European Statistical System", "answer_start": 367}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "is an active member of the European Statistical System", "answer_start": 368}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "an active member", "answer_start": 371}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "nd is an active member of the European Statistical System, coordinated by Eurostat. ", "answer_start": 365}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who coordinates the European Statistical System?", "answers": [{"text": "Eurostat", "answer_span": " coordinated by Eurostat", "answer_start": 423}, {"text": "Eurostat", "answer_span": "European Statistical System, coordinated by Eurostat", "answer_start": 395}, {"text": "Eurostat", "answer_span": "Eurostat", "answer_start": 439}, {"text": "Eurostat", "answer_span": "Eurostat", "answer_start": 439}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Eurostat", "answer_span": " coordinated by Eurostat", "answer_start": 423}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the first version of Istat created?", "answers": [{"text": "1926", "answer_span": "1926", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "1926", "answer_span": "Istat was created in 1926", "answer_start": 537}, {"text": "1926", "answer_span": "1926 ", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "1926", "answer_span": "1926 ", "answer_start": 558}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1926", "answer_span": "1926", "answer_start": 558}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called then?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Central Institute of Statistics\"", "answer_span": "Istat was created in 1926 as \"Central Institute of Statistics\"", "answer_start": 537}, {"text": "\"Central Institute of Statistics\"", "answer_span": "1926 as \"Central Institute of Statistics\"", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "Central Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "Central Institute of Statistics", "answer_start": 567}, {"text": "Central Institute of Statistics", "answer_span": "Central Institute of Statistics", "answer_start": 567}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Central Institute of Statistics\"", "answer_span": "Istat was created in 1926 as \"Central Institute of Statistics\"", "answer_start": 537}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it have a name change?", "answers": [{"text": "1989", "answer_span": " It took its current denomination with the reform of 1989. T", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "1989", "answer_span": " It took its current denomination with the reform of 1989", "answer_start": 691}, {"text": "1989", "answer_span": "1989", "answer_start": 744}, {"text": "1989", "answer_span": "1989", "answer_start": 744}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1989", "answer_span": " It took its current denomination with the reform of 1989. T", "answer_start": 691}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is the person who is in charge of it now?", "answers": [{"text": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_span": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_start": 1119}, {"text": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_span": "Enrico Giovannini, former Chief statistician of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), has been the President", "answer_start": 1119}, {"text": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_span": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_start": 1119}, {"text": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_span": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_start": 1119}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_span": "Enrico Giovannini", "answer_start": 1119}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is his official title?", "answers": [{"text": "the President of the institute", "answer_span": "the President of the institute", "answer_start": 1243}, {"text": "President", "answer_span": "has been the President of the institute.", "answer_start": 1234}, {"text": "President", "answer_span": "President ", "answer_start": 1247}, {"text": "President", "answer_span": "President", "answer_start": 1247}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the President of the institute", "answer_span": "the President of the institute", "answer_start": 1243}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he begin this role?", "answers": [{"text": "4 August 2009", "answer_span": "4 August 2009", "answer_start": 1104}, {"text": "4 August 2009", "answer_span": "Since 4 August 2009", "answer_start": 1098}, {"text": "4 August 2009", "answer_span": "4 August 2009", "answer_start": 1104}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "2009", "answer_start": 1113}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4 August 2009", "answer_span": "4 August 2009", "answer_start": 1104}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many regional offices does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "18", "answer_span": "18", "answer_start": 1358}, {"text": "18", "answer_span": "Istat has 18 regional offices", "answer_start": 1348}, {"text": "18", "answer_span": "18 ", "answer_start": 1358}, {"text": "18", "answer_span": "18 ", "answer_start": 1358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18", "answer_span": "18", "answer_start": 1358}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does this agency deal with the population  census?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the census of population,", "answer_start": 172}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Its activities include the census of population", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Its activities include the census of population", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "census of population", "answer_start": 177}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " the census of population,", "answer_start": 172}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does this agency deal with the economic census?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "economic censuses", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Its activities include the census of population, economic censuses", "answer_start": 150}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " economic censuses", "answer_start": 198}, {"text": "YEs", "answer_span": "economic census", "answer_start": 199}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "economic censuses", "answer_start": 199}, "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3kxir214i4gl0knhw8lzkhoaz8m240"}], "section_title": "National Institute of Statistics (Italy)", "background": "National Institute of Statistics (Italy)", "title": "National Institute of Statistics (Italy)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Strabo (; \"Strab\u014dn\"; 64 or 63 BC) was a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian who lived in Asia Minor during the transitional period of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire. \n\nStrabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus (modern Amasya, Turkey), a city that he said was situated the approximate equivalent of 75\u00a0km from the Black Sea. Pontus had recently fallen to the Roman Republic, and although politically he was a proponent of Roman imperialism, Strabo belonged on his mother's side to a prominent family whose members had held important positions under the previous resisting regime of King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus. \n\nStrabo's life was characterized by extensive travels. He journeyed to Egypt and Kush, as far west as coastal Tuscany and as far south as Ethiopia in addition to his travels in Asia Minor and the time he spent in Rome. Travel throughout the Mediterranean and Near East, especially for scholarly purposes, was popular during this era and was facilitated by the relative peace enjoyed throughout the reign of Augustus (27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014). He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing, until at least 31\u00a0BC. In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea. Around 25\u00a0BC, he sailed up the Nile until reaching Philae, after which point there is little record of his proceedings until AD 17.", "qas": [{"question": "Strabo Who was born to a rich family?", "answers": [{"text": "Strabo", "answer_span": "Strabo belonged on his mother's side to a prominent family whose members had held important positions under the previous resisting regime of King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus. ", "answer_start": 478}, {"text": "Strabo", "answer_span": "Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia ", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Strabo", "answer_span": "Strabo was born to an affluent family", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Strabo", "answer_span": "Strabo", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Strabo", "answer_span": "Strabo belonged on his mother's side to a prominent family whose members had held important positions under the previous resisting regime of King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus. ", "answer_start": 478}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where were they from?", "answers": [{"text": "Amaseia", "answer_span": "Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Amaseia in Pontus", "answer_span": "Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Amaseia", "answer_span": " Amaseia", "answer_start": 229}, {"text": "Amaseia", "answer_span": "Amaseia", "answer_start": 230}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Amaseia", "answer_span": "Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How far from the Black Sea is it?", "answers": [{"text": "about 75\u00a0km", "answer_span": "a city that he said was situated the approximate equivalent of 75\u00a0km from the Black Sea", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "75km", "answer_span": " city that he said was situated the approximate equivalent of 75\u00a0km from the Black Sea", "answer_start": 274}, {"text": "75\u00a0km", "answer_span": "75\u00a0km", "answer_start": 336}, {"text": "75\u00a0km", "answer_span": " 75\u00a0km from the Black Sea", "answer_start": 335}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 75\u00a0km", "answer_span": "a city that he said was situated the approximate equivalent of 75\u00a0km from the Black Sea", "answer_start": 273}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "People from his mother's family had jobs with who?", "answers": [{"text": "King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus.", "answer_span": "Strabo belonged on his mother's side to a prominent family whose members had held important positions under the previous resisting regime of King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus. ", "answer_start": 478}, {"text": "King Mithridates VI", "answer_span": "Strabo belonged on his mother's side to a prominent family whose members had held important positions under the previous resisting regime of King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus", "answer_start": 478}, {"text": "King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus", "answer_span": "King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus", "answer_start": 619}, {"text": "King Mithridates\u00a0VI", "answer_span": "King Mithridates\u00a0VI", "answer_start": 619}], "orig_answer": {"text": "King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus.", "answer_span": "Strabo belonged on his mother's side to a prominent family whose members had held important positions under the previous resisting regime of King Mithridates\u00a0VI of Pontus. ", "answer_start": 478}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who took over Pontus?", "answers": [{"text": "the Roman Republic", "answer_span": "ontus had recently fallen to the Roman Republic", "answer_start": 363}, {"text": "the Romans", "answer_span": "Pontus had recently fallen to the Roman Republic,", "answer_start": 362}, {"text": "Roman Republic", "answer_span": "Roman Republic", "answer_start": 396}, {"text": "Roman Republic", "answer_span": "Roman Republic", "answer_start": 396}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Roman Republic", "answer_span": "ontus had recently fallen to the Roman Republic", "answer_start": 363}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did Strabo side with in politics?", "answers": [{"text": "Roman imperialism", "answer_span": "politically he was a proponent of Roman imperialism", "answer_start": 425}, {"text": "the Romans", "answer_span": "and although politically he was a proponent of Roman imperialism", "answer_start": 412}, {"text": "on his mother's side", "answer_span": "on his mother's side", "answer_start": 494}, {"text": "Roman imperialism", "answer_span": "Roman imperialism", "answer_start": 459}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Roman imperialism", "answer_span": "politically he was a proponent of Roman imperialism", "answer_start": 425}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is Pontus known as today?", "answers": [{"text": "Amasya, Turkey", "answer_span": " Pontus (modern Amasya, Turkey", "answer_start": 240}, {"text": "Amasya, Turkey", "answer_span": "Strabo was born to an affluent family from Amaseia in Pontus (modern Amasya, Turkey)", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Amasya", "answer_span": "Amasya", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "Strabo", "answer_span": "Strabo'", "answer_start": 652}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Amasya, Turkey", "answer_span": " Pontus (modern Amasya, Turkey", "answer_start": 240}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he go to Rome?", "answers": [{"text": "44\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "44\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "44\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "44\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1104}, {"text": "44\u00a0BC", "answer_span": " 44\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1103}], "orig_answer": {"text": "44\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1084}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when did he leave?", "answers": [{"text": "31\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing, until at least 31\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "31 BC", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing, until at least 31\u00a0BC.", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "until at least 31\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "until at least 31\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1151}, {"text": "at least 31\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "at least 31\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "31\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing, until at least 31\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1084}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he do there?", "answers": [{"text": "study", "answer_span": " He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying ", "answer_start": 1083}, {"text": "studied and wrote", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing,", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "studying and writing", "answer_span": " studying and writing", "answer_start": 1128}, {"text": "studying and writing", "answer_span": "studying and writing", "answer_start": 1129}], "orig_answer": {"text": "study", "answer_span": " He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying ", "answer_start": 1083}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "write", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "write", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing,", "answer_start": 1084}, {"text": "writing", "answer_span": "writing", "answer_start": 1142}, {"text": "writing", "answer_span": "writing", "answer_start": 1142}], "orig_answer": {"text": "write", "answer_span": "He moved to Rome in 44\u00a0BC, and stayed there, studying and writing", "answer_start": 1084}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was he headed in 29", "answers": [{"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "n 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth (", "answer_start": 1174}, {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "Corinth", "answer_start": 1197}, {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": " Corinth", "answer_start": 1196}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "n 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth (", "answer_start": 1174}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did he stop anywhere?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "Gyaros", "answer_span": "on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1183}, {"text": "island of Gyaros", "answer_span": "island of Gyaros", "answer_start": 1254}, {"text": "Gyaros", "answer_span": "Gyaros", "answer_start": 1264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1173}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "the island of Gyaros", "answer_span": ", on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros", "answer_start": 1181}, {"text": "Gyaros", "answer_span": "he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1239}, {"text": "island of Gyaros", "answer_span": "island of Gyaros", "answer_start": 1254}, {"text": "the island of Gyaros", "answer_span": " the island of Gyaros", "answer_start": 1249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the island of Gyaros", "answer_span": ", on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros", "answer_start": 1181}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is that?", "answers": [{"text": "in the Aegean Sea", "answer_span": "on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1183}, {"text": "in the Aegean Sea", "answer_span": "he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1239}, {"text": "in the Aegean Sea", "answer_span": " in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1270}, {"text": "in the Aegean Sea", "answer_span": "in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the Aegean Sea", "answer_span": "on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1183}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he go out on the NIle?", "answers": [{"text": "Around 25\u00a0BC", "answer_span": " Around 25\u00a0BC, he sailed up the Nile ", "answer_start": 1289}, {"text": "25 BC", "answer_span": " Around 25\u00a0BC, he sailed up the Nile until reaching Philae", "answer_start": 1289}, {"text": "25\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "25\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1297}, {"text": "Around 25\u00a0BC", "answer_span": "Around 25\u00a0BC", "answer_start": 1290}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Around 25\u00a0BC", "answer_span": " Around 25\u00a0BC, he sailed up the Nile ", "answer_start": 1289}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did he stop?", "answers": [{"text": "Philae", "answer_span": "Around 25\u00a0BC, he sailed up the Nile until reaching Philae", "answer_start": 1290}, {"text": "Philae", "answer_span": "he sailed up the Nile until reaching Philae", "answer_start": 1304}, {"text": "Philae", "answer_span": "Philae", "answer_start": 1341}, {"text": "Philae", "answer_span": "Philae", "answer_start": 1341}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Philae", "answer_span": "Around 25\u00a0BC, he sailed up the Nile until reaching Philae", "answer_start": 1290}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Augustus rule?", "answers": [{"text": "27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_span": "eign of Augustus (27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014)", "answer_start": 1050}, {"text": "27 BC - AD 14", "answer_span": "was popular during this era and was facilitated by the relative peace enjoyed throughout the reign of Augustus (27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_start": 956}, {"text": "27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_span": "27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_start": 1068}, {"text": "27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_span": "27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_start": 1068}], "orig_answer": {"text": "27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014", "answer_span": "eign of Augustus (27\u00a0BC \u2013 AD\u00a014)", "answer_start": 1050}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was he in 29 BC?", "answers": [{"text": "on his way to Corinth", "answer_span": "In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth (where Augustus was at the time), he visited the island of Gyaros in the Aegean Sea", "answer_start": 1173}, {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "Corinth", "answer_start": 1197}, {"text": "Corinth", "answer_span": "Corinth", "answer_start": 1197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "on his way to Corinth", "answer_span": "In 29\u00a0BC, on his way to Corinth", "answer_start": 1173}, "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3yz8upk3vtmxf09y871n9yvqa86cuh"}], "section_title": "Strabo", "background": "Strabo", "title": "Strabo"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England. Historically in Yorkshire's West Riding, the history of Leeds can be traced to the 5th century, when the name referred to a wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet. The name has been applied to many administrative entities over the centuries. It changed from being the name of a small manorial borough in the 13th century, through several incarnations, to being the name attached to the present metropolitan borough. In the 17th and 18th centuries Leeds became a major centre for the production and trading of wool. \n\nDuring the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed into a major mill town; wool was the dominant industry but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries were important. From being a compact market town in the valley of the River Aire in the 16th century Leeds expanded and absorbed the surrounding villages to become a populous urban centre by the mid-20th century. Leeds has a population of around 781,700 (2016) making it the third largest city in the United Kingdom. The city lies within the United Kingdom's fourth-most populous urban area, with a population of 2.3\u00a0million. \n\nToday, Leeds has the most diverse economy of all the UK's main employment centres and has seen the fastest rate of private-sector jobs growth of any UK city and has the highest ratio of public to private sector jobs of all the UK's Core Cities. Leeds has the third-largest jobs total by local authority area with 480,000 in employment and self-employment at the beginning of 2015. Leeds is also ranked as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network; and is considered the cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire Urban Area. Leeds is served by four universities, and has the fourth largest student population in the country and has the country's fourth largest urban economy.", "qas": [{"question": "Leeds What city referred to a wooded area?", "answers": [{"text": "Leeds", "answer_span": "Leeds can be traced to the 5th century, when the name referred to a wooded area", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "Leeds", "answer_span": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England. Historically in Yorkshire's West Riding, the history of Leeds can be traced to the 5th century, when the name referred to a wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Leeds", "answer_span": "Leeds ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Leeds", "answer_span": "Leeds ", "answer_start": 100}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Leeds", "answer_span": "Leeds can be traced to the 5th century, when the name referred to a wooded area", "answer_start": 100}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kingdom was this area in?", "answers": [{"text": "the Kingdom of Elmet", "answer_span": "wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet", "answer_start": 168}, {"text": "Kingdom of Elmet", "answer_span": "area of the Kingdom of Elmet.", "answer_start": 175}, {"text": "Kingdom of Elmet.", "answer_span": "5th century, when the name referred to a wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet. ", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "the Kingdom of Elmet.", "answer_span": "the Kingdom of Elmet.", "answer_start": 183}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Kingdom of Elmet", "answer_span": "wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet", "answer_start": 168}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what country is it?", "answers": [{"text": "England", "answer_span": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": " England. Historically in Yorkshire's West Riding, the history of Leeds can be traced to the 5th century, when the name referred to a wooded area of the Kingdom of Elmet", "answer_start": 34}, {"text": "England.", "answer_span": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "England", "answer_span": "England", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "England", "answer_span": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What part?", "answers": [{"text": "West Yorkshire", "answer_span": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "West Yorkshire", "answer_span": " in West Yorkshire, England.", "answer_start": 15}, {"text": "West Yorkshire", "answer_span": " West Yorkshire, England. H", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "West Yorkshire", "answer_span": " West Yorkshire", "answer_start": 18}], "orig_answer": {"text": "West Yorkshire", "answer_span": "Leeds is a city in West Yorkshire, England", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did wool trade become popular?", "answers": [{"text": "In the 17th and 18th centuries", "answer_span": "In the 17th and 18th centuries Leeds became a major centre for the production and trading of wool. ", "answer_start": 457}, {"text": "Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": "During the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed into a major mill town; wool was the dominant industry", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "During the Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": "During the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed into a major mill town; wool was the dominant industry", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "the 17th and 18th centuries", "answer_span": " the 17th and 18th centuries", "answer_start": 459}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In the 17th and 18th centuries", "answer_span": "In the 17th and 18th centuries Leeds became a major centre for the production and trading of wool. ", "answer_start": 457}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it the strongest industry?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "wool was the dominant industry", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "Wool", "answer_span": "ool was the dominant industry but flax, ", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "During the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed into a major mill town; wool was the dominant industry", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "wool was the dominant industry", "answer_start": 632}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "wool was the dominant industry", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many were close behind?", "answers": [{"text": "four and others", "answer_span": "but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries", "answer_start": 663}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "y but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries were important.", "answer_start": 661}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "During the Industrial Revolution, Leeds developed into a major mill town; wool was the dominant industry but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries were important", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing", "answer_start": 667}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four and others", "answer_span": "but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries", "answer_start": 663}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name them.", "answers": [{"text": "flax, engineering, iron foundries and printing", "answer_span": " flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries were important", "answer_start": 666}, {"text": "Flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries.", "answer_span": " but flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "lax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries", "answer_span": "lax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries ", "answer_start": 668}, {"text": "flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing", "answer_span": "flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing", "answer_start": 667}], "orig_answer": {"text": "flax, engineering, iron foundries and printing", "answer_span": " flax, engineering, iron foundries, printing, and other industries were important", "answer_start": 666}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How can the city's economy be described today?", "answers": [{"text": "the most diverse of all the UK's main employment centres", "answer_span": "Leeds has the most diverse economy of all the UK's main employment centres", "answer_start": 1168}, {"text": "Diverse", "answer_span": "Today, Leeds has the most diverse economy", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "diverse", "answer_span": "Today, Leeds has the most diverse economy of all the UK's main employment centres", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "diverse", "answer_span": "diverse ", "answer_start": 1187}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the most diverse of all the UK's main employment centres", "answer_span": "Leeds has the most diverse economy of all the UK's main employment centres", "answer_start": 1168}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many were working in 2015?", "answers": [{"text": "480,000", "answer_span": "480,000 in employment and self-employment at the beginning of 2015", "answer_start": 1474}, {"text": "480,000", "answer_span": "ority area with 480,000 in employment and self-employment at the beginning of 2015.", "answer_start": 1458}, {"text": "480,000", "answer_span": "eeds has the third-largest jobs total by local authority area with 480,000 in employment and self-employment at the beginning of 2015.", "answer_start": 1407}, {"text": "480,000", "answer_span": "480,000", "answer_start": 1474}], "orig_answer": {"text": "480,000", "answer_span": "480,000 in employment and self-employment at the beginning of 2015", "answer_start": 1474}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the GWCRN rank it?", "answers": [{"text": "a gamma world city", "answer_span": "ranked as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network", "answer_start": 1556}, {"text": "Gamma World City", "answer_span": "Leeds is also ranked as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network", "answer_start": 1542}, {"text": "a gamma world city", "answer_span": "Leeds is also ranked as a gamma world city", "answer_start": 1542}, {"text": "as a gamma world city", "answer_span": "as a gamma world city", "answer_start": 1563}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a gamma world city", "answer_span": "ranked as a gamma world city by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network", "answer_start": 1556}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What three things constitute its \"heart\" in the WYU Area?", "answers": [{"text": "cultural, financial and commercial", "answer_span": " the cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire Urban Area", "answer_start": 1658}, {"text": "Cultural, financial, and commerical", "answer_span": "ies Research Network; and is considered the cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire Urban Area", "answer_start": 1619}, {"text": "cultural, financial and commercial heart", "answer_span": "cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire", "answer_start": 1663}, {"text": "cultural, financial and commercial", "answer_span": " cultural, financial and commercial", "answer_start": 1662}], "orig_answer": {"text": "cultural, financial and commercial", "answer_span": " the cultural, financial and commercial heart of the West Yorkshire Urban Area", "answer_start": 1658}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there any colleges/universities there?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Leeds is served by four universities", "answer_start": 1738}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " Leeds is served by four universities, and has the fourth largest student population in the country and has the country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_start": 1737}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Leeds is served by four universities,", "answer_start": 1737}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " four universities,", "answer_start": 1756}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Leeds is served by four universities", "answer_start": 1738}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "Leeds is served by four universities", "answer_start": 1738}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "Leeds is served by four universities, ", "answer_start": 1738}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": " Leeds is served by four universities, ", "answer_start": 1737}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four ", "answer_start": 1757}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "Leeds is served by four universities", "answer_start": 1738}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the ranking in the country in terms of people studying?", "answers": [{"text": "the fourth largest population", "answer_span": "and has the fourth largest student population", "answer_start": 1776}, {"text": "4th Largest", "answer_span": "fourth largest student population ", "answer_start": 1788}, {"text": "fourth largest student population", "answer_span": " Leeds is served by four universities, and has the fourth largest student population in the country and has the country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_start": 1737}, {"text": "fourth", "answer_span": "fourth", "answer_start": 1788}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the fourth largest population", "answer_span": "and has the fourth largest student population", "answer_start": 1776}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about in urban economy?", "answers": [{"text": "it has the country's fourth largest", "answer_span": "has the country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_start": 1841}, {"text": "4th largest", "answer_span": "has the country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_start": 1841}, {"text": "country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_span": "country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_start": 1849}, {"text": "fourth", "answer_span": "fourth ", "answer_start": 1859}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it has the country's fourth largest", "answer_span": "has the country's fourth largest urban economy.", "answer_start": 1841}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many lived there in 2016?", "answers": [{"text": "781,700", "answer_span": "Leeds has a population of around 781,700 (2016)", "answer_start": 946}, {"text": "781,7000", "answer_span": "y. Leeds has a population of around 781,700 (2016)", "answer_start": 943}, {"text": "781,700", "answer_span": "781,700 (2016)", "answer_start": 979}, {"text": "around 781,700", "answer_span": "around 781,700 ", "answer_start": 972}], "orig_answer": {"text": "781,700", "answer_span": "Leeds has a population of around 781,700 (2016)", "answer_start": 946}, "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3uxuoq9okex7oa04blcltbri2x27as"}], "section_title": "Leeds", "background": "Leeds", "title": "Leeds"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Dhaka (, ; or ) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh. The name of the city was spelled as \"Dacca\", which was an anglicisation name until the current spelling was adopted in 1983 to match with Bengali pronunciation. Located in an eponymous district and division, it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River in the heart of the Bengal delta. The city is a microcosm of the entire country, with diverse religious and ethnic communities. Dhaka is the economic, cultural and political center of Bangladesh. It is a major financial center of South Asia. It is one of the world's most populated cities and within OIC countries, with a population of 17 million people in the Greater Dhaka Area. It is also the 4th most densely populated city in the world. \n\nAt the height of its medieval glory, Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world. It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice (1608\u201339 and 1660\u20131704). The city's name was Jahangir Nagar (\"City of Jahangir\") in the 17th century. It was central to the economy of Mughal Bengal, which generated 50% of Mughal GDP. It was a cosmopolitan commercial center and the hub of the worldwide muslin and silk trade.", "qas": [{"question": "Dhaka What is the capital of Bangladesh?", "answers": [{"text": "Dhaka", "answer_span": "Dhaka (, ; or ) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Dhaka", "answer_span": "Dhaka", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Dhaka", "answer_span": "Dhaka", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Dhaka", "answer_span": "Dhaka (, ; or ) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dhaka", "answer_span": "Dhaka (, ; or ) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it also the largest city?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Dhaka (, ; or ) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh. T", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "largest city", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "largest city", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "largest city ", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Dhaka (, ; or ) is the capital and largest city of Bangladesh. T", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How was it originally spelled?", "answers": [{"text": "Dacca", "answer_span": ". The name of the city was spelled as \"Dacca\", ", "answer_start": 61}, {"text": "Dacca", "answer_span": "Dacca", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "Dacca", "answer_span": "Dacca", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "Dacca", "answer_span": "The name of the city was spelled as \"Dacca", "answer_start": 63}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dacca", "answer_span": ". The name of the city was spelled as \"Dacca\", ", "answer_start": 61}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it changed?", "answers": [{"text": "1983", "answer_span": "\"Dacca\", which was an anglicisation name until the current spelling was adopted in 1983", "answer_start": 99}, {"text": "1983", "answer_span": "1983", "answer_start": 182}, {"text": "1983", "answer_span": "1983", "answer_start": 182}, {"text": "1983", "answer_span": "until the current spelling was adopted in 1983", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1983", "answer_span": "\"Dacca\", which was an anglicisation name until the current spelling was adopted in 1983", "answer_start": 99}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Why was it changed?", "answers": [{"text": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_span": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_span": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_span": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "To match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_span": " to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_start": 186}], "orig_answer": {"text": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_span": "to match with Bengali pronunciation", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of district is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "eponymous", "answer_span": " Located in an eponymous district and division,", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "an eponymous district", "answer_span": "an eponymous district ", "answer_start": 235}, {"text": "an eponymous district", "answer_span": "an eponymous district", "answer_start": 235}, {"text": "Eponymous", "answer_span": " Located in an eponymous district and division", "answer_start": 223}], "orig_answer": {"text": "eponymous", "answer_span": " Located in an eponymous district and division,", "answer_start": 223}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it close to the Buriganga River?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": ", it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River", "answer_start": 269}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River ", "answer_start": 271}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "east bank of the Buriganga River", "answer_start": 289}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River", "answer_start": 270}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": ", it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River", "answer_start": 269}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which side of the river is it on?", "answers": [{"text": "the east", "answer_span": " it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River in the heart of the Bengal delta.", "answer_start": 270}, {"text": "the east bank", "answer_span": " the east bank", "answer_start": 284}, {"text": "east", "answer_span": "east", "answer_start": 289}, {"text": "East", "answer_span": " east bank ", "answer_start": 288}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the east", "answer_span": " it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River in the heart of the Bengal delta.", "answer_start": 270}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What delta is it in the center of?", "answers": [{"text": "the Bengal delta.", "answer_span": "it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River in the heart of the Bengal delta.", "answer_start": 271}, {"text": "the Bengal delta", "answer_span": "in the heart of the Bengal delta", "answer_start": 322}, {"text": "Bengal delta", "answer_span": "Bengal delta", "answer_start": 342}, {"text": "Bengal delta", "answer_span": "Bengal delta", "answer_start": 342}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Bengal delta.", "answer_span": "it lies along the east bank of the Buriganga River in the heart of the Bengal delta.", "answer_start": 271}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are a range of different religions practiced there?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The city is a microcosm of the entire country, with diverse religious and ethnic communities", "answer_start": 355}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "with diverse religious", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " diverse religious", "answer_start": 407}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " diverse religious", "answer_start": 407}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The city is a microcosm of the entire country, with diverse religious and ethnic communities", "answer_start": 355}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What economic status does it hold in South Asia?", "answers": [{"text": "major financial center", "answer_span": " It is a major financial center of South Asia", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "It is a major financial center", "answer_span": "It is a major financial center of South Asia", "answer_start": 518}, {"text": "major financial center", "answer_span": "major financial center ", "answer_start": 526}, {"text": "A major financial center of South Asia", "answer_span": "Dhaka is the economic, cultural and political center of Bangladesh. It is a major financial center of South Asia", "answer_start": 450}], "orig_answer": {"text": "major financial center", "answer_span": " It is a major financial center of South Asia", "answer_start": 517}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it's population?", "answers": [{"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "with a population of 17 million people in the Greater Dhaka Area", "answer_start": 637}, {"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "17 million", "answer_start": 658}, {"text": "17 million", "answer_span": " 17 million", "answer_start": 657}, {"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "with a population of 17 million people i", "answer_start": 637}], "orig_answer": {"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "with a population of 17 million people in the Greater Dhaka Area", "answer_start": 637}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it rank in the world's most populated cities?", "answers": [{"text": "4th", "answer_span": "It is also the 4th most densely populated city in the world.", "answer_start": 703}, {"text": "the 4th most densely populated city", "answer_span": "the 4th most densely populated city ", "answer_start": 714}, {"text": "4th", "answer_span": "4th", "answer_start": 718}, {"text": "The 4th most densely populated city in the world", "answer_span": "the 4th most densely populated city in the world", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4th", "answer_span": "It is also the 4th most densely populated city in the world.", "answer_start": 703}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it ever one of the wealthiest cities in the world?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "At the height of its medieval glory, Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world", "answer_start": 766}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world", "answer_start": 803}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "as one of the wealthiest ", "answer_start": 822}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world", "answer_start": 803}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "At the height of its medieval glory, Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world", "answer_start": 766}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and when was that?", "answers": [{"text": "At the height of its medieval glory", "answer_span": "At the height of its medieval glory, Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world.", "answer_start": 766}, {"text": "At the height of its medieval glory,", "answer_span": "At the height of its medieval glory,", "answer_start": 766}, {"text": "medieval period", "answer_span": "medieval", "answer_start": 787}, {"text": "Around the 1600s", "answer_span": "At the height of its medieval glory, Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world. It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice (1608\u201339 and 1660\u20131704). The city's name was Jahangir Nagar (\"City of Jahangir\") in the 17th century", "answer_start": 766}], "orig_answer": {"text": "At the height of its medieval glory", "answer_span": "At the height of its medieval glory, Dhaka was regarded as one of the wealthiest and most prosperous cities in the world.", "answer_start": 766}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many times was it the capital of the Bengal province?", "answers": [{"text": "twice", "answer_span": " It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice ", "answer_start": 887}, {"text": "twice", "answer_span": "twice", "answer_start": 957}, {"text": "twice", "answer_span": "twice", "answer_start": 957}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice", "answer_start": 920}], "orig_answer": {"text": "twice", "answer_span": " It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice ", "answer_start": 887}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was the 1st time?", "answers": [{"text": "1608\u201339", "answer_span": "It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice (1608\u201339 and 1660\u20131704).", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "1608\u201339", "answer_span": "1608\u201339", "answer_start": 964}, {"text": "1608\u201339", "answer_span": "1608\u201339", "answer_start": 964}, {"text": "1608\u201339", "answer_span": "1608\u201339", "answer_start": 964}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1608\u201339", "answer_span": "It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice (1608\u201339 and 1660\u20131704).", "answer_start": 888}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and the last?", "answers": [{"text": "1660\u20131704", "answer_span": ". It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice (1608\u201339 and 1660\u20131704).", "answer_start": 886}, {"text": "1660\u20131704", "answer_span": "1660\u20131704", "answer_start": 976}, {"text": "1660\u20131704", "answer_span": "1660\u20131704", "answer_start": 976}, {"text": "1660\u20131704", "answer_span": "1660\u20131704", "answer_start": 976}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1660\u20131704", "answer_span": ". It served as the capital of the Bengal province of the Mughal Empire twice (1608\u201339 and 1660\u20131704).", "answer_start": 886}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it's name in the 17th century?", "answers": [{"text": ". Jahangir Nagar", "answer_span": ". The city's name was Jahangir Nagar (\"City of Jahangir\") in the 17th century.", "answer_start": 986}, {"text": "Jahangir Nagar", "answer_span": "Jahangir Nagar", "answer_start": 1008}, {"text": "Jahangir Nagar", "answer_span": "Jahangir Nagar", "answer_start": 1008}, {"text": "Jahangir Nagar", "answer_span": "Jahangir Nagar", "answer_start": 1008}], "orig_answer": {"text": ". Jahangir Nagar", "answer_span": ". The city's name was Jahangir Nagar (\"City of Jahangir\") in the 17th century.", "answer_start": 986}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "It was known to be a hub of the worldwide trade in what?", "answers": [{"text": "muslin and silk", "answer_span": "It was a cosmopolitan commercial center and the hub of the worldwide muslin and silk trade.", "answer_start": 1148}, {"text": "muslin and silk", "answer_span": "muslin and silk", "answer_start": 1217}, {"text": "muslin and silk", "answer_span": "muslin and silk", "answer_start": 1217}, {"text": "Muslin and silk", "answer_span": " hub of the worldwide muslin and silk trade", "answer_start": 1195}], "orig_answer": {"text": "muslin and silk", "answer_span": "It was a cosmopolitan commercial center and the hub of the worldwide muslin and silk trade.", "answer_start": 1148}, "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3dpnqgw4llf9il6ijax2au5mfcl46e"}], "section_title": "Dhaka", "background": "Dhaka", "title": "Dhaka"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States. It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean; on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania; and on the southwest by the Delaware Bay and Delaware. New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states. New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest state by median household income as of 2016. \n\nNew Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years, with historical tribes such as the Lenape along the coast. In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state. The English later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey after the largest of the Channel Islands, Jersey, and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "qas": [{"question": "New Jersey Who inhabited NJ first", "answers": [{"text": "Native Americans.", "answer_span": "New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years,", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Native Americans", "answer_span": "New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Native Americans", "answer_span": "New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Native Americans", "answer_span": " Native Americans", "answer_start": 657}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Native Americans.", "answer_span": "New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years,", "answer_start": 630}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "for how long", "answers": [{"text": "More than 2,800 years.", "answer_span": "inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years,", "answer_start": 645}, {"text": "2,800 years,", "answer_span": "New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years,", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "2,800 years", "answer_span": "New Jersey was inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "more than 2,800 years", "answer_span": "more than 2,800 years", "answer_start": 679}], "orig_answer": {"text": "More than 2,800 years.", "answer_span": "inhabited by Native Americans for more than 2,800 years,", "answer_start": 645}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What century did others start to come", "answers": [{"text": "Early 17th.", "answer_span": " In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state.", "answer_start": 760}, {"text": "n the early 17th century,", "answer_span": "n the early 17th century,", "answer_start": 762}, {"text": "The 17th century", "answer_span": "In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the stat", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "early 17th century", "answer_span": " early 17th century", "answer_start": 767}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Early 17th.", "answer_span": " In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state.", "answer_start": 760}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who came there", "answers": [{"text": "Dutch and the Swedes.", "answer_span": "In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state.", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state.", "answer_span": " the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state. ", "answer_start": 787}, {"text": "The Dutch and the Swedes", "answer_span": "In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state", "answer_start": 761}, {"text": "the Dutch and the Swedes", "answer_span": "the Dutch and the Swedes", "answer_start": 788}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dutch and the Swedes.", "answer_span": "In the early 17th century, the Dutch and the Swedes made the first European settlements in the state.", "answer_start": 761}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it named", "answers": [{"text": "Province of New Jersey.", "answer_span": "naming it the Province of New Jersey", "answer_start": 911}, {"text": "Province of New Jersey", "answer_span": "e English later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey", "answer_start": 865}, {"text": "The Province of New Jersey", "answer_span": "The English later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey after the largest of the Channel Islands", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "the Province of New Jersey", "answer_span": "the Province of New Jersey", "answer_start": 921}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Province of New Jersey.", "answer_span": "naming it the Province of New Jersey", "answer_start": 911}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who did they grant it to", "answers": [{"text": "Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley,", "answer_span": ", Jersey, and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley,", "answer_start": 988}, {"text": "Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley", "answer_span": "and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley", "answer_start": 998}, {"text": "Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley", "answer_span": "The English later seized control of the region, naming it the Province of New Jersey after the largest of the Channel Islands, Jersey, and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley", "answer_span": "Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley", "answer_start": 1029}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley,", "answer_span": ", Jersey, and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley,", "answer_start": 988}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Were there battles located there", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War", "answer_start": 1068}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1099}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1100}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "site of several decisive battles", "answer_start": 1119}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton. New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War", "answer_start": 1068}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "During what war", "answers": [{"text": "American Revolutionary War.", "answer_span": "several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary Wa", "answer_start": 1127}, {"text": "American Revolutionary War", "answer_span": "several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1127}, {"text": "The American Revolutionary War", "answer_span": "New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1100}, {"text": "American Revolutionary War", "answer_span": "American Revolutionary War ", "answer_start": 1163}], "orig_answer": {"text": "American Revolutionary War.", "answer_span": "several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary Wa", "answer_start": 1127}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What century", "answers": [{"text": "18th.", "answer_span": "several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1127}, {"text": "18th century.", "answer_span": "site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1119}, {"text": "18th", "answer_span": "New Jersey was the site of several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century", "answer_start": 1100}, {"text": "18th", "answer_span": "18th ", "answer_start": 1197}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18th.", "answer_span": "several decisive battles during the American Revolutionary War in the 18th century.", "answer_start": 1127}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is New jersey located", "answers": [{"text": "In the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the US.", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "in the united states", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "United States", "answer_span": "United States", "answer_start": 74}], "orig_answer": {"text": "In the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the US.", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What borders it to the North and East", "answers": [{"text": "New York;", "answer_span": " bordered on the north and east by the state of New York;", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "NEw york", "answer_span": "It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "New York", "answer_span": " It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "state of New York", "answer_span": "state of New York", "answer_start": 146}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New York;", "answer_span": " bordered on the north and east by the state of New York;", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it an Island", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": " It is a peninsula, ", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " It is a peninsula, b", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " a peninsula", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " It is a peninsula, ", "answer_start": 88}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What borders to the south", "answers": [{"text": "Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": " bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "Delaware", "answer_span": " on the southwest by the Delaware Bay and Delaware", "answer_start": 277}, {"text": "The Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": " It is a peninsula, bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": " the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_start": 201}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Atlantic Ocean", "answer_span": " bordered on the north and east by the state of New York; on the east, southeast, and south by the Atlantic Ocean", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "to the west?", "answers": [{"text": "Delaware River and Pennsylvania.", "answer_span": " on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania;", "answer_start": 221}, {"text": "Delaware River and Pennsylvania;", "answer_span": "on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania;", "answer_start": 222}, {"text": "Delaware River and Pennsylvania", "answer_span": "on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania", "answer_start": 222}, {"text": "the Delaware River", "answer_span": "the Delaware River", "answer_start": 237}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Delaware River and Pennsylvania.", "answer_span": " on the west by the Delaware River and Pennsylvania;", "answer_start": 221}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it a small state", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area", "answer_start": 328}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous and the", "answer_start": 340}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states", "answer_start": 329}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "fourth-smallest ", "answer_start": 347}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area", "answer_start": 328}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people live there", "answers": [{"text": "11th-most populous.", "answer_span": "11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S", "answer_start": 385}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "11th-most populous.", "answer_span": "11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S", "answer_start": 385}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do a lot of people live there for its small size", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states. ", "answer_start": 407}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states", "answer_start": 385}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "New Jersey is the fourth-smallest state by area but the 11th-most populous and the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states", "answer_start": 329}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "most densely populated", "answer_start": 412}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": " the most densely populated of the 50 U.S. states. ", "answer_start": 407}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a poor state", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": " Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest state by median household income as of 2016. \n", "answer_start": 541}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest state by median household income as of 2016. ", "answer_start": 457}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "New Jersey lies entirely within the combined statistical areas of New York City and Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest state by median household income as of 2016", "answer_start": 458}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " third-wealthiest ", "answer_start": 565}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " Philadelphia and is the third-wealthiest state by median household income as of 2016. \n", "answer_start": 541}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country is the state apart of", "answers": [{"text": "United States", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "United States", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the United States", "answer_span": " the United States", "answer_start": 69}], "orig_answer": {"text": "United States", "answer_span": "New Jersey is a state in the Northeastern and mid-Atlantic regions of the United States", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was Baron Berkeley from", "answers": [{"text": "Stratton.", "answer_span": " 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton.", "answer_start": 1067}, {"text": "1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton.", "answer_span": " 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton.", "answer_start": 1067}, {"text": "Stratton", "answer_span": "and granting it as a colony to Sir George Carteret and John Berkeley, 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton", "answer_start": 998}, {"text": "Stratton", "answer_span": "Stratton", "answer_start": 1090}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stratton.", "answer_span": " 1st Baron Berkeley of Stratton.", "answer_start": 1067}, "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3lozaj85yddcymbrgjn4hsl8s2i2x4"}], "section_title": "New Jersey", "background": "New Jersey", "title": "New Jersey"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States from a liberal perspective. It was created in 1996 by former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley, initially under the ownership of Microsoft as part of MSN. On December 21, 2004, it was purchased by The Washington Post Company, later renamed the Graham Holdings Company. Since June 4, 2008, \"Slate\" has been managed by The Slate Group, an online publishing entity created by the Graham Holdings Company to develop and manage web-only magazines. \"Slate\" is based in New York City, with an additional office in Washington, D.C. \n\nA French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009 by a group of four journalists, including Jean-Marie Colombani, Eric Leser, and economist Jacques Attali. Among them, the founders hold 50% in the publishing company, while The Slate Group holds 15%. In 2011, \"slate.fr\" started a separate site covering African news, \"Slate Afrique\", with a Paris-based editorial staff. \n\nIn July 2014, Julia Turner replaced David Plotz, who had been editor of \"Slate\" since 2008. Plotz had been the deputy editor to Jacob Weisberg, \"Slate's\" editor from 2002 until his designation as the chairman and editor-in-chief of The Slate Group. The Washington Post Company's John Alderman is \"Slate\"s publisher.", "qas": [{"question": "Slate (magazine) What's the french version's address?", "answers": [{"text": "(slate.fr)", "answer_span": "(slate.fr)", "answer_start": 648}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "slate.fr", "answer_span": "A French version \"(slate.fr)\"", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "slate.fr", "answer_span": "slate.fr", "answer_start": 649}], "orig_answer": {"text": "(slate.fr)", "answer_span": "(slate.fr)", "answer_start": 648}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it started?", "answers": [{"text": "February 2009", "answer_span": "French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "February 2009", "answer_span": "A French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "February 2009", "answer_span": "A French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "Paris", "answer_start": 981}], "orig_answer": {"text": "February 2009", "answer_span": "French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many people started it", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "four journalists", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "A French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009 by a group of four journalists", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "A French version \"(slate.fr)\" was launched in February 2009 by a group of four journalists,", "answer_start": 630}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": " four journalists, including Jean-Marie Colombani, Eric Leser, and economist Jacques Attali.", "answer_start": 703}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four journalists", "answer_start": 704}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was their jobs?", "answers": [{"text": "journalists,", "answer_span": " four journalists,", "answer_start": 703}, {"text": "journalists", "answer_span": "a group of four journalists", "answer_start": 693}, {"text": "Journalists", "answer_span": " by a group of four journalists,", "answer_start": 689}, {"text": "journalists", "answer_span": " journalists", "answer_start": 708}], "orig_answer": {"text": "journalists,", "answer_span": " four journalists,", "answer_start": 703}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "anything else?", "answers": [{"text": "Jacques Attali was an economist", "answer_span": "economist Jacques Attali", "answer_start": 770}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "economist Jacques Attali", "answer_start": 770}, {"text": "An economist", "answer_span": " and economist Jacques Attali", "answer_start": 765}, {"text": "economist", "answer_span": "economist", "answer_start": 770}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Jacques Attali was an economist", "answer_span": "economist Jacques Attali", "answer_start": 770}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many main topics does the US version cover?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": " current affairs, politics, and culture", "answer_start": 39}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States from a liberal perspective.", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States f", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "current affairs, politics, and culture", "answer_start": 40}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": " current affairs, politics, and culture", "answer_start": 39}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "name 1", "answers": [{"text": "politics", "answer_span": " politics", "answer_start": 56}, {"text": "current affairs", "answer_span": "covers current affairs, politics, and culture", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Current affairs", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "current affairs", "answer_span": "current affairs", "answer_start": 40}], "orig_answer": {"text": "politics", "answer_span": " politics", "answer_start": 56}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and?", "answers": [{"text": "culture", "answer_span": "and culture", "answer_start": 67}, {"text": "culture", "answer_span": "covers current affairs, politics, and culture", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "Culture", "answer_span": " current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States ", "answer_start": 39}, {"text": "culture", "answer_span": "culture", "answer_start": 71}], "orig_answer": {"text": "culture", "answer_span": "and culture", "answer_start": 67}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what's it's point of view?", "answers": [{"text": "a liberal perspective", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States from a liberal perspective", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "liberal", "answer_span": "from a liberal perspective", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "Liberal", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States from a liberal perspective.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "liberal perspective", "answer_span": "liberal perspective", "answer_start": 107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a liberal perspective", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine that covers current affairs, politics, and culture in the United States from a liberal perspective", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it started?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1996", "answer_span": "was created in 1996", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "It was created in 1996", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": ". It was created in 1996", "answer_start": 126}, {"text": "1996", "answer_span": "1996", "answer_start": 146}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1996", "answer_span": "was created in 1996", "answer_start": 131}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it a hard copy paper?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " manage web-only magazines", "answer_start": 519}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Slate is an online magazine", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who launched it?", "answers": [{"text": "Michael Kinsley", "answer_span": " It was created in 1996 by former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "Michael Kinsley", "answer_span": "It was created in 1996 by former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "Michael Kinsley", "answer_span": " It was created in 1996 by former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley,", "answer_start": 127}, {"text": "Michael Kinsley", "answer_span": "Michael Kinsley", "answer_start": 183}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Michael Kinsley", "answer_span": " It was created in 1996 by former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley", "answer_start": 127}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was his previous job?", "answers": [{"text": "editor of New Republic", "answer_span": "former \"New Republic\" editor", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "New Republic\" editor", "answer_span": " former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley", "answer_start": 153}, {"text": "\"New Republic\" editor", "answer_span": "It was created in 1996 by former \"New Republic\" editor Michael Kinsley, ", "answer_start": 128}, {"text": "\"New Republic\" editor", "answer_span": "\"New Republic\" editor", "answer_start": 161}], "orig_answer": {"text": "editor of New Republic", "answer_span": "former \"New Republic\" editor", "answer_start": 154}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who was it's first owner?", "answers": [{"text": "Microsoft as part of MSN.", "answer_span": "initially under the ownership of Microsoft as part of MSN.", "answer_start": 200}, {"text": "Microsoft", "answer_span": "initially under the ownership of Microsoft as part of MSN", "answer_start": 200}, {"text": "Microsoft", "answer_span": " initially under the ownership of Microsoft", "answer_start": 199}, {"text": "Microsoft", "answer_span": "Microsoft ", "answer_start": 233}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Microsoft as part of MSN.", "answer_span": "initially under the ownership of Microsoft as part of MSN.", "answer_start": 200}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it bought?", "answers": [{"text": "On December 21, 2004", "answer_span": "On December 21, 2004, it was purchased by The Washington Post Company,", "answer_start": 259}, {"text": "December 21, 2004", "answer_span": "On December 21, 2004, it was purchased by The Washington Post Company", "answer_start": 259}, {"text": "On December 21, 2004", "answer_span": "On December 21, 2004, it was purchased", "answer_start": 259}, {"text": "December 21, 2004", "answer_span": "December 21, 2004", "answer_start": 262}], "orig_answer": {"text": "On December 21, 2004", "answer_span": "On December 21, 2004, it was purchased by The Washington Post Company,", "answer_start": 259}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who bought it?", "answers": [{"text": "by The Washington Post Company", "answer_span": "purchased by The Washington Post Company", "answer_start": 288}, {"text": "The Washington Post Company", "answer_span": "it was purchased by The Washington Post Company", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "The Washington Post Company", "answer_span": "On December 21, 2004, it was purchased by The Washington Post Company", "answer_start": 259}, {"text": "The Washington Post Company", "answer_span": "The Washington Post Company", "answer_start": 301}], "orig_answer": {"text": "by The Washington Post Company", "answer_span": "purchased by The Washington Post Company", "answer_start": 288}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did that change it's name to?", "answers": [{"text": "the Graham Holdings Compan", "answer_span": "later renamed the Graham Holdings Compan", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "the Graham Holdings Company.", "answer_span": "The Washington Post Company, later renamed the Graham Holdings Company.", "answer_start": 301}, {"text": "Graham Holdings Company", "answer_span": "The Washington Post Company, later renamed the Graham Holdings Company", "answer_start": 301}, {"text": "Graham Holdings Company", "answer_span": "Graham Holdings Company", "answer_start": 348}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Graham Holdings Compan", "answer_span": "later renamed the Graham Holdings Compan", "answer_start": 330}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many years had it been managed by The Slate Group?", "answers": [{"text": "Since June 4, 2008 so 10", "answer_span": "June 4, 2008, \"Slate\" has been managed by The Slate Group,", "answer_start": 379}, {"text": "Since June 4, 2008", "answer_span": "Since June 4, 2008, \"Slate\" has been managed by The Slate Group", "answer_start": 373}, {"text": "Since June 4, 2008", "answer_span": " Since June 4, 2008, \"Slate\" has been managed by The Slate Group", "answer_start": 372}, {"text": "Since June 4, 2008", "answer_span": " Since June 4, 2008", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Since June 4, 2008 so 10", "answer_span": "June 4, 2008, \"Slate\" has been managed by The Slate Group,", "answer_start": 379}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is it based?", "answers": [{"text": "in New York City", "answer_span": "based in New York City", "answer_start": 558}, {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "\"Slate\" is based in New York City", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "\"Slate\" is based in New York City", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "New York City", "answer_span": "New York City", "answer_start": 567}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in New York City", "answer_span": "based in New York City", "answer_start": 558}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "any other offices?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "additional office in Washington, D.C. ", "answer_start": 590}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "\"Slate\" is based in New York City, with an additional office in Washington, D.C.", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "Washington, D.C.", "answer_span": "\"Slate\" is based in New York City, with an additional office in Washington, D.C. ", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " additional office in Washington, D.C", "answer_start": 589}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "additional office in Washington, D.C. ", "answer_start": 590}, "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3io1lgzlk9xa1mtkvdnfr6lrhv2682"}], "section_title": "Slate (magazine)", "background": "Slate (magazine)", "title": "Slate (magazine)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow stops to a part of the heart causing damage to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. Often it is in the center or left side of the chest and lasts for more than a few minutes. The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an irregular heartbeat, or cardiac arrest. \n\nMost MIs occur due to coronary artery disease. Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others. The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others. A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. An ECG may confirm an ST elevation MI if ST elevation is present. Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.", "qas": [{"question": "Myocardial infarction What can a heart attack symptom feel like?", "answers": [{"text": "heartburn", "answer_span": "The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn.", "answer_start": 391}, {"text": "heartburn.", "answer_span": "The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn. ", "answer_start": 391}, {"text": "heartburn", "answer_span": "heartburn", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "heartburn", "answer_span": "The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn", "answer_start": 391}], "orig_answer": {"text": "heartburn", "answer_span": "The discomfort may occasionally feel like heartburn.", "answer_start": 391}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which symptom?", "answers": [{"text": "chest pain", "answer_span": " The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. ", "answer_start": 186}, {"text": "chest pain", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "chest pain or discomfort", "answer_span": "chest pain or discomfort ", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "chest pain", "answer_span": "chest pain", "answer_start": 214}], "orig_answer": {"text": "chest pain", "answer_span": " The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. ", "answer_start": 186}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can this pain travel?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. ", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "discomfort which may travel", "answer_start": 228}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "which may travel ", "answer_start": 239}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw. ", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it go to the lower part of the body?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw", "answer_start": 256}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about the jaw?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "jaw", "answer_start": 295}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "jaw", "answer_start": 295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "The shoulder and arm?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the shoulder, arm", "answer_start": 261}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " shoulder, arm", "answer_start": 264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The most common symptom is chest pain or discomfort which may travel into the shoulder, arm, back, neck, or jaw.", "answer_start": 187}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the real name of a heart attack?", "answers": [{"text": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI)", "answer_span": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI)", "answer_span": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attac", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Myocardial infarction", "answer_span": "Myocardial infarction", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Myocardial infarction", "answer_span": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI)", "answer_span": "Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI), commonly known as a heart attack, ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What disease usually causes this?", "answers": [{"text": "coronary artery disease", "answer_span": "Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease.", "answer_start": 816}, {"text": "coronary artery disease.", "answer_span": "Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease.", "answer_start": 816}, {"text": "coronary artery disease.", "answer_span": " coronary artery disease.", "answer_start": 837}, {"text": "coronary artery disease", "answer_span": "Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease", "answer_start": 816}], "orig_answer": {"text": "coronary artery disease", "answer_span": "Most MIs occur due to coronary artery disease.", "answer_start": 816}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does this involve the blocking of something?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1029}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery", "answer_start": 1050}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery", "answer_start": 1050}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1029}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What?", "answers": [{"text": "a coronary artery", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "a coronary artery", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary arter", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "a coronary artery", "answer_span": " a coronary artery", "answer_start": 1092}, {"text": "a coronary artery", "answer_span": "a coronary artery", "answer_start": 1093}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a coronary artery", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1030}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happens to plaque?", "answers": [{"text": "it ruptures", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "It ruptures", "answer_span": "a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1121}, {"text": "a rupture", "answer_span": "a rupture", "answer_start": 1121}, {"text": "rupture", "answer_span": " rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque", "answer_start": 1122}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it ruptures", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1030}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which kind of plaque?", "answers": [{"text": "atherosclerotic plaque", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1030}, {"text": "atherosclerotic", "answer_span": "a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque. ", "answer_start": 1121}, {"text": "atherosclerotic", "answer_span": "atherosclerotic ", "answer_start": 1137}, {"text": "atherosclerotic", "answer_span": "atherosclerotic", "answer_start": 1137}], "orig_answer": {"text": "atherosclerotic plaque", "answer_span": "The mechanism of an MI often involves the complete blockage of a coronary artery caused by a rupture of an atherosclerotic plaque.", "answer_start": 1030}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can smoking increase this possibility?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others.", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others.", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking,", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "smoking", "answer_start": 905}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Risk factors include high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, lack of exercise, obesity, high blood cholesterol, poor diet, and excessive alcohol intake, among others.", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What can be caused by drug use?", "answers": [{"text": "MI's are less commonly caused by them", "answer_span": "MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others.", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "MIs", "answer_span": "MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "coronary artery spasms", "answer_span": "coronary artery spasms", "answer_start": 1193}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "MI's are less commonly caused by them", "answer_span": "MIs are less commonly caused by coronary artery spasms, which may be due to cocaine, significant emotional stress, and extreme cold, among others.", "answer_start": 1161}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there tests around for diagnosis?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis,", "answer_start": 1307}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis", "answer_start": 1308}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis", "answer_start": 1308}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": ". A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, ", "answer_start": 1306}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis,", "answer_start": 1307}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "a number of them", "answer_span": "A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography.", "answer_start": 1308}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography. ", "answer_start": 1370}, {"text": "Three", "answer_span": " including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography", "answer_start": 1360}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a number of them", "answer_span": "A number of tests are useful to help with diagnosis, including electrocardiograms (ECGs), blood tests, and coronary angiography.", "answer_start": 1308}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of test is creatine kinase MB", "answers": [{"text": "a blood test", "answer_span": "Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.", "answer_start": 1503}, {"text": "blood test", "answer_span": "Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.", "answer_start": 1503}, {"text": "a blood test", "answer_span": "blood tests", "answer_start": 1517}, {"text": "blood test", "answer_span": " blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.", "answer_start": 1516}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a blood test", "answer_span": "Commonly used blood tests include troponin and less often creatine kinase MB.", "answer_start": 1503}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are women or men more likely to have atypical signs?", "answers": [{"text": "women", "answer_span": "About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically.", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "Women", "answer_span": "women more likely than men to present atypically.", "answer_start": 596}, {"text": "women", "answer_span": "women ", "answer_start": 596}, {"text": "women", "answer_span": "atypical symptoms, with women more likely ", "answer_start": 572}], "orig_answer": {"text": "women", "answer_span": "About 30% of people have atypical symptoms, with women more likely than men to present atypically.", "answer_start": 547}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people have atypical signs?", "answers": [{"text": "about 30% of people", "answer_span": "About 30% of people have atypical symptoms,", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "About 30%", "answer_span": "About 30% of people have atypical symptoms", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "About 30%", "answer_span": "About 30%", "answer_start": 547}, {"text": "About 30%", "answer_span": "About 30% of people have atypical symptoms", "answer_start": 547}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 30% of people", "answer_span": "About 30% of people have atypical symptoms,", "answer_start": 547}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can being sick to your stomach be one?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired.", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired.", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea", "answer_start": 444}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "nausea", "answer_start": 492}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, feeling faint, a cold sweat, or feeling tired.", "answer_start": 444}, "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3zwfc4w1uu7c2k1rvfwjctt90e7rf0"}], "section_title": "Myocardial infarction", "background": "Myocardial infarction", "title": "Myocardial infarction"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature () has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced \"in the field of literature the most outstanding work in an ideal direction\" (original Swedish: \"den som inom litteraturen har producerat det mest framst\u00e5ende verket i en idealisk riktning\"). Though individual works are sometimes cited as being particularly noteworthy, here \"work\" refers to an author's work as a whole. The Swedish Academy decides who, if anyone, will receive the prize in any given year. The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October. It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895; the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. \n\nAlthough the Nobel Prize in Literature has become the world's most prestigious literature prize, the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism for its handling of the award. Many authors who have won the prize have fallen into obscurity, while others rejected by the jury remain widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo. The prize has \"become widely seen as a political one - a peace prize in literary disguise\", whose judges are prejudiced against authors with different political tastes to them. Tim Parks has expressed skepticism that it is possible for \"Swedish professors ... [to] compar[e] a poet from Indonesia, perhaps translated into English with a novelist from Cameroon, perhaps available only in French, and another who writes in Afrikaans but is published in German and Dutch...\". As of 2016, 16 of the 113 recipients have been of Scandinavian origin. The Academy has often been alleged to be biased towards European, and in particular Swedish, authors. Some, such as Indian academic Sabaree Mitra, have noted that, though the Nobel Prize in Literature is significant and tends to overshadow other awards, it is \"not the only benchmark of literary excellence.\"", "qas": [{"question": "Nobel Prize in Literature What is the most esteemed award for writing?", "answers": [{"text": "the Nobel Prize", "answer_span": "Although the Nobel Prize", "answer_start": 857}, {"text": "Nobel Prize in Literature", "answer_span": "Although the Nobel Prize in Literature has become the world's most prestigious literature prize", "answer_start": 857}, {"text": "the Nobel Prize in Literature", "answer_span": "the Nobel Prize in Literature", "answer_start": 12}, {"text": "the Nobel Prize in Literature", "answer_span": "the Nobel Prize in Literature", "answer_start": 866}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Nobel Prize", "answer_span": "Although the Nobel Prize", "answer_start": 857}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who bestows it?", "answers": [{"text": "the Swedish Academy", "answer_span": "the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism for its handling of the award", "answer_start": 954}, {"text": "the Swedish Academy", "answer_span": "Although the Nobel Prize in Literature has become the world's most prestigious literature prize, the Swedish Academy", "answer_start": 857}, {"text": "The Swedish Academy", "answer_span": "The Swedish Academy", "answer_start": 482}, {"text": "The Swedish Academy", "answer_span": "The Swedish Academy", "answer_start": 482}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Swedish Academy", "answer_span": "the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism for its handling of the award", "answer_start": 954}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it first given?", "answers": [{"text": "1901", "answer_span": "Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature () has been awarded annually", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "1901", "answer_span": "Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature () has been awarded annually", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "1901", "answer_span": "1901", "answer_start": 6}, {"text": "1901", "answer_span": "1901", "answer_start": 6}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1901", "answer_span": "Since 1901, the Nobel Prize in Literature () has been awarded annually", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who started it?", "answers": [{"text": "Alfred Nobel", "answer_span": "has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "Alfred Nobel", "answer_span": " It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "Alfred Nobel", "answer_span": "Alfred Nobel", "answer_start": 138}, {"text": "Alfred Nobel", "answer_span": " Alfred Nobel", "answer_start": 137}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Alfred Nobel", "answer_span": "has been awarded annually to an author from any country who has, in the words of the will of Alfred Nobel, produced", "answer_start": 45}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When are the winners announced each year?", "answers": [{"text": "in early October", "answer_span": "The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October", "answer_start": 568}, {"text": "in early October", "answer_span": "The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October.", "answer_start": 568}, {"text": "early October", "answer_span": "early October", "answer_start": 625}, {"text": "early October.", "answer_span": "early October. ", "answer_start": 625}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in early October", "answer_span": "The academy announces the name of the chosen laureate in early October", "answer_start": 568}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are there other categories?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is one of the five Nobel Prizes", "answer_start": 640}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Chemistry", "answer_start": 758}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " It is one of the five Nobel Prizes", "answer_start": 639}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "It is one of the five Nobel Prizes", "answer_start": 640}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many?", "answers": [{"text": "Four", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": " It is one of the five Nobel Prizes established by the will of Alfred Nobel in 1895", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_start": 758}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "five ", "answer_start": 657}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_start": 724}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one?", "answers": [{"text": "the Nobel Prize in Chemistry", "answer_span": " the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry", "answer_start": 723}, {"text": "the Nobel Prize in Chemistry", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "Chemistry", "answer_span": "Chemistry", "answer_start": 758}, {"text": "Physics", "answer_span": "Physics", "answer_start": 784}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Nobel Prize in Chemistry", "answer_span": " the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry", "answer_start": 723}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_span": " the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_start": 723}, {"text": "Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_span": "Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ", "answer_start": 769}, {"text": "Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_span": "Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_start": 769}, {"text": "Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_span": "Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_start": 793}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_span": " the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics", "answer_start": 723}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And?", "answers": [{"text": "the Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_span": "Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ", "answer_start": 793}, {"text": "Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_span": "Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_start": 793}, {"text": "Physiology", "answer_span": "Physiology ", "answer_start": 831}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize", "answer_start": 724}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And one more", "answers": [{"text": "the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_start": 724}, {"text": "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_span": " and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. ", "answer_start": 811}, {"text": "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_span": "Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_start": 816}, {"text": "Physiology or Medicine.", "answer_span": "Physiology or Medicine. ", "answer_start": 831}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_span": "the others are the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, Nobel Prize in Physics, Nobel Peace Prize, and Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine", "answer_start": 724}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they receive any flak for the winners chosen?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism", "answer_start": 954}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism", "answer_start": 954}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "significant criticism", "answer_start": 988}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism ", "answer_start": 954}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the Swedish Academy has attracted significant criticism", "answer_start": 954}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was rejected?", "answers": [{"text": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_span": "while others rejected by the jury remain widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1105}, {"text": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_span": "while others rejected by the jury remain widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1105}, {"text": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_span": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1176}, {"text": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_span": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1176}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_span": "while others rejected by the jury remain widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1105}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was he well-known?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "while others rejected by the jury remain widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1105}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "widely studied and read", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1146}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "widely studied and read, like Ruben Dar\u00edo", "answer_start": 1146}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they show favoritism?", "answers": [{"text": "yes, according to some", "answer_span": "The prize has \"become widely seen as a political one - a peace prize in literary disguise\", whose judges are prejudiced against authors with different political tastes to them", "answer_start": 1189}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "whose judges are prejudiced against authors with different political tastes to them. ", "answer_start": 1281}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "prejudiced", "answer_start": 1298}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The Academy has often been alleged to be biased", "answer_start": 1733}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes, according to some", "answer_span": "The prize has \"become widely seen as a political one - a peace prize in literary disguise\", whose judges are prejudiced against authors with different political tastes to them", "answer_start": 1189}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many winner were from Scandinavia?", "answers": [{"text": "16", "answer_span": "16 of the 113 recipients have been of Scandinavian origin", "answer_start": 1674}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": "16 of the 113 recipients have been of Scandinavian origin.", "answer_start": 1674}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": "16", "answer_start": 1674}, {"text": "16", "answer_span": "16 ", "answer_start": 1674}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16", "answer_span": "16 of the 113 recipients have been of Scandinavian origin", "answer_start": 1674}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Out of how many?", "answers": [{"text": "113", "answer_span": "16 of the 113 recipients", "answer_start": 1674}, {"text": "113", "answer_span": " 16 of the 113 recipients ", "answer_start": 1673}, {"text": "113", "answer_span": "113 ", "answer_start": 1684}, {"text": "113", "answer_span": "113 ", "answer_start": 1684}], "orig_answer": {"text": "113", "answer_span": "16 of the 113 recipients", "answer_start": 1674}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Up to what date?", "answers": [{"text": "2016", "answer_span": "As of 2016, 16 of the 113 recipients", "answer_start": 1662}, {"text": "As of 2016", "answer_span": "As of 2016,", "answer_start": 1662}, {"text": "As of 2016", "answer_span": "As of 2016", "answer_start": 1662}, {"text": "2016", "answer_span": "2016", "answer_start": 1668}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2016", "answer_span": "As of 2016, 16 of the 113 recipients", "answer_start": 1662}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was from India?", "answers": [{"text": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_span": "Indian academic Sabaree Mitra", "answer_start": 1849}, {"text": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_span": "as Indian academic Sabaree Mitra,", "answer_start": 1846}, {"text": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_span": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_start": 1865}, {"text": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_span": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_start": 1865}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sabaree Mitra", "answer_span": "Indian academic Sabaree Mitra", "answer_start": 1849}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is anyone skeptical?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Tim Parks has expressed skepticism", "answer_start": 1366}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Tim Parks has expressed skepticism", "answer_start": 1366}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "has expressed skepticism", "answer_start": 1376}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Tim Parks has expressed skepticism ", "answer_start": 1366}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Tim Parks has expressed skepticism", "answer_start": 1366}, "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3wminlgalb3d0rv022kw9xjw363caw"}], "section_title": "Nobel Prize in Literature", "background": "Nobel Prize in Literature", "title": "Nobel Prize in Literature"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League (NFL) for the 2015 season. The American Football Conference (AFC) champion Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers 24\u201310 to earn their third Super Bowl title. The game was played on February 7, 2016, at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California. As this was the 50th Super Bowl, the league emphasized the \"golden anniversary\" with various gold-themed initiatives, as well as temporarily suspending the tradition of naming each Super Bowl game with Roman numerals (under which the game would have been known as \"Super Bowl L\"), so that the logo could prominently feature the Arabic numerals 50. \n\nThe Panthers finished the regular season with a 15\u20131 record, and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP). They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315 in the NFC Championship Game and advanced to their second Super Bowl appearance since the franchise was founded in 1995. The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record, and denied the New England Patriots a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX by defeating them 20\u201318 in the AFC Championship Game. They joined the Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.", "qas": [{"question": "Super Bowl 50 what was an American football game to determine the champion ?", "answers": [{"text": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_span": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Super Bowl", "answer_span": "Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_span": "Super Bowl 50 was an American football game to determine the champion of the National Football League", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_span": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_span": "Super Bowl 50", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the nfl ?", "answers": [{"text": "National Football League", "answer_span": " National Football League", "answer_start": 76}, {"text": "National Football League", "answer_span": "National Football League (NFL)", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "National Football League", "answer_span": "National Football League (NFL)", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "National Football League", "answer_span": "National Football League", "answer_start": 77}], "orig_answer": {"text": "National Football League", "answer_span": " National Football League", "answer_start": 76}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "for what season whs it ?", "answers": [{"text": "2015", "answer_span": "2015", "answer_start": 116}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "the 2015 season", "answer_start": 112}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "for the 2015 season", "answer_start": 108}, {"text": "2015 season", "answer_span": "2015 season", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "2015", "answer_start": 116}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the afc ?", "answers": [{"text": "The American Football Conference", "answer_span": "The American Football Conference", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "American Football Conference", "answer_span": "American Football Conference (AFC)", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "The American Football Conference", "answer_span": "The American Football Conference (AFC) ", "answer_start": 129}, {"text": "American Football Conference", "answer_span": "American Football Conference", "answer_start": 133}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The American Football Conference", "answer_span": "The American Football Conference", "answer_start": 129}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who did denver play ?", "answers": [{"text": "Carolina Panthers", "answer_span": "Carolina Panthers", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "the Carolina Panthers", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "Carolina", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers 24\u201310 ", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "Carolina Panthers", "answer_span": "Carolina Panthers", "answer_start": 249}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Carolina Panthers", "answer_span": "Carolina Panthers", "answer_start": 249}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they win ?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated the National Football Conference (NFC) champion Carolina Panthers 24\u201310 to earn", "answer_start": 177}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated ", "answer_start": 177}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Denver Broncos defeated", "answer_start": 177}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was the score ?", "answers": [{"text": "24\u201310", "answer_span": "24\u201310", "answer_start": 267}, {"text": "24\u201310", "answer_span": "24\u201310", "answer_start": 267}, {"text": "24\u201310", "answer_span": " 24\u201310 to earn their third Super Bowl title.", "answer_start": 266}, {"text": "24\u201310", "answer_span": " 24\u201310", "answer_start": 266}], "orig_answer": {"text": "24\u201310", "answer_span": "24\u201310", "answer_start": 267}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they win the 4th super bowl ?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "third", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "to earn their third Super Bowl title", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "to earn their third Super Bowl title", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " third Super Bowl title.", "answer_start": 286}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "third", "answer_start": 287}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was it ?", "answers": [{"text": "third", "answer_span": "third", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": "their third Super Bowl title", "answer_start": 281}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": "o earn their third Super Bowl title", "answer_start": 274}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": "third", "answer_start": 287}], "orig_answer": {"text": "third", "answer_span": "third", "answer_start": 287}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was that game ?", "answers": [{"text": "February 7", "answer_span": "February 7", "answer_start": 334}, {"text": "February 7, 2016", "answer_span": "The game was played on February 7, 2016", "answer_start": 311}, {"text": "February 7, 2016,", "answer_span": "The game was played on February 7, 2016,", "answer_start": 311}, {"text": "February 7, 2016", "answer_span": "February 7, 2016", "answer_start": 334}], "orig_answer": {"text": "February 7", "answer_span": "February 7", "answer_start": 334}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year ?", "answers": [{"text": "2016", "answer_span": "2016", "answer_start": 346}, {"text": "2016", "answer_span": "February 7, 2016", "answer_start": 334}, {"text": "2016", "answer_span": "February 7, 2016", "answer_start": 334}, {"text": "2016", "answer_span": "2016", "answer_start": 346}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2016", "answer_span": "2016", "answer_start": 346}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was it at miller park ?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " Levi's Stadium", "answer_start": 354}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " at Levi's Stadium", "answer_start": 351}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "at Levi's Stadium in the San Francisco Bay Area at Santa Clara, California", "answer_start": 352}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Levi's Stadium", "answer_start": 355}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " Levi's Stadium", "answer_start": 354}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who finished with a 15-1 ?", "answers": [{"text": "The Panthers", "answer_span": "The Panthers", "answer_start": 778}, {"text": "The Panthers", "answer_span": "The Panthers finished the regular season with a 15\u20131 record", "answer_start": 778}, {"text": "the Panthers", "answer_span": "he Panthers finished the regular season with a 15\u20131 recor", "answer_start": 779}, {"text": "The Panthers", "answer_span": "The Panthers", "answer_start": 778}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Panthers", "answer_span": "The Panthers", "answer_start": 778}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does mvp mean ?", "answers": [{"text": "Most Valuable Player", "answer_span": "Most Valuable Player ", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "Most Valuable Player", "answer_span": "Most Valuable Player (MVP)", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "Most Valuable Player", "answer_span": "Most Valuable Player (MVP)", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "Most Valuable Player", "answer_span": " Most Valuable Player", "answer_start": 883}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Most Valuable Player", "answer_span": "Most Valuable Player ", "answer_start": 884}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who was it ?", "answers": [{"text": "Cam Newton", "answer_span": "Cam Newton", "answer_start": 855}, {"text": "Cam Newton", "answer_span": "quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP)", "answer_start": 843}, {"text": "Cam Newton", "answer_span": " and quarterback Cam Newton was named the NFL Most Valuable Player (MVP).", "answer_start": 838}, {"text": "Cam Newton", "answer_span": "Cam Newton", "answer_start": 855}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cam Newton", "answer_span": "Cam Newton", "answer_start": 855}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who did they beat ?", "answers": [{"text": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_span": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "the Arizona Cardinals", "answer_span": "They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315", "answer_start": 912}, {"text": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_span": " They defeated the Arizona Cardinals 49\u201315 ", "answer_start": 911}, {"text": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_span": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_start": 930}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_span": "Arizona Cardinals", "answer_start": 930}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who had a 12-4 ?", "answers": [{"text": "Broncos", "answer_span": "Broncos ", "answer_start": 1079}, {"text": "The Broncos", "answer_span": "The Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record", "answer_start": 1075}, {"text": "Broncos", "answer_span": "Broncos finished the regular season with a 12\u20134 record", "answer_start": 1079}, {"text": "The Broncos", "answer_span": "The Broncos", "answer_start": 1075}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Broncos", "answer_span": "Broncos ", "answer_start": 1079}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many teams that have made eight appearances ?", "answers": [{"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 1353}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": " four teams that have made eight appearances", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "as one of four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.", "answer_start": 1343}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "They joined the Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers", "answer_start": 1277}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four", "answer_span": "four", "answer_start": 1353}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was the bears one of them ?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers", "answer_start": 1293}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "They joined the Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of four teams", "answer_start": 1277}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers as one of four teams that have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl.", "answer_start": 1293}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "hey joined the Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers ", "answer_start": 1278}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Patriots, Dallas Cowboys, and Pittsburgh Steelers", "answer_start": 1293}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who was denied a chance ?", "answers": [{"text": "New England Patriots", "answer_span": "New England Patriots", "answer_start": 1150}, {"text": "New England Patriots", "answer_span": "denied the New England Patriots a chance", "answer_start": 1139}, {"text": "New England Patriots", "answer_span": "and denied the New England Patriots a chance ", "answer_start": 1135}, {"text": "New England Patriots", "answer_span": "New England Patriots", "answer_start": 1150}], "orig_answer": {"text": "New England Patriots", "answer_span": "New England Patriots", "answer_start": 1150}, "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ix2egzr7bjs7mnne5n4rrl1tldrjs"}], "section_title": "Super Bowl 50", "background": "Super Bowl 50", "title": "Super Bowl 50"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947), is an English singer, pianist, and composer. He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967; they have collaborated on more than 30 albums to date. In his five-decade career Elton John has sold more than 300million records, making him one of the best-selling music artists in the world. He has more than fifty Top 40 hits, including seven consecutive No. 1 US albums, 58 \"Billboard\" Top 40 singles, 27 Top 10, four No. 2 and nine No. 1. For 31 consecutive years (1970\u20132000) he had at least one song in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100. His tribute single, re-penned in dedication to the late Princess Diana, \"Candle in the Wind 1997\" sold over 33million copies worldwide and is the best-selling single in the history of the UK and US singles charts. He has also composed music, produced records, and has occasionally acted in films. John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002. He is an honorary Life President of the club, and in 2014 had a stand named after him at the club's home stadium. \n\nRaised in the Pinner area of London, John learned to play piano at an early age, and by 1962 had formed Bluesology. John met his songwriting partner, Bernie Taupin, in 1967, after they had both answered an advert for songwriters. For two years they wrote songs for other artists, including Lulu, and John also worked as a session musician for artists such as the Hollies and the Scaffold. In 1969 his debut album, \"Empty Sky\", was released. In 1970 a single, \"Your Song\", from his second album, \"Elton John\", reached the top ten in the UK and the US, his first hit single. After decades of commercial chart success, John has also achieved success in musical theatre, both in the West End and on Broadway, composing the music for \"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "qas": [{"question": "Elton John What is Sir elton Hercules John know for?", "answers": [{"text": "English singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947), is an English singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_span": "is an English singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_start": 72}, {"text": "an English singer, pianist, and composer.", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947), is an English singer, pianist, and composer.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_span": " singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_start": 85}], "orig_answer": {"text": "English singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947), is an English singer, pianist, and composer", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What musicals has he composed music for?", "answers": [{"text": "\"The Lion King\" , \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_span": "John has also achieved success in musical theatre, both in the West End and on Broadway, composing the music for \"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_start": 1731}, {"text": "\"The Lion King\" , \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_span": " composing the music for \"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_start": 1819}, {"text": "\"The Lion King\" , \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_span": "John has also achieved success in musical theatre, both in the West End and on Broadway, composing the music for \"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_start": 1731}, {"text": "\"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_span": "\"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_start": 1844}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"The Lion King\" , \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_span": "John has also achieved success in musical theatre, both in the West End and on Broadway, composing the music for \"The Lion King\" (film and musical), \"Aida\" and \"Billy Elliot the Musical\".", "answer_start": 1731}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where was he raised?", "answers": [{"text": "Pinner area of London", "answer_span": "Raised in the Pinner area of London", "answer_start": 1115}, {"text": "in the Pinner area of London", "answer_span": "Raised in the Pinner area of London", "answer_start": 1115}, {"text": "the Pinner area of London", "answer_span": "Raised in the Pinner area of London, John learned to play piano", "answer_start": 1115}, {"text": "London", "answer_span": "London", "answer_start": 1144}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pinner area of London", "answer_span": "Raised in the Pinner area of London", "answer_start": 1115}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who has been his songwriting partner since 1967?", "answers": [{"text": "Bernie Taupin", "answer_span": "He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "Bernie Taupin", "answer_span": "He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967;", "answer_start": 117}, {"text": "Bernie Taupin", "answer_span": "yricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "Bernie Taupin", "answer_span": " Bernie Taupin", "answer_start": 1264}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bernie Taupin", "answer_span": "He has worked with lyricist Bernie Taupin as his songwriting partner since 1967", "answer_start": 117}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many consecutive number 1 albums has he had?", "answers": [{"text": "seven", "answer_span": " including seven consecutive No. 1 US albums", "answer_start": 427}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "including seven consecutive No. 1", "answer_start": 428}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven consecutive No. 1 US albums", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven consecutive No. 1 US albums,", "answer_start": 438}], "orig_answer": {"text": "seven", "answer_span": " including seven consecutive No. 1 US albums", "answer_start": 427}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about top 40 singles?", "answers": [{"text": "58", "answer_span": "58 \"Billboard\" Top 40 singles", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "58", "answer_span": "58 \"Billboard\" Top 40 singles", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "more than fifty", "answer_span": " He has more than fifty Top 40 hits", "answer_start": 391}, {"text": "more than fifty", "answer_span": "than fifty Top 40 hits", "answer_start": 404}], "orig_answer": {"text": "58", "answer_span": "58 \"Billboard\" Top 40 singles", "answer_start": 473}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the title of his 1969 debut album?", "answers": [{"text": "Empty Sky", "answer_span": "In 1969 his debut album, \"Empty Sky\", was released", "answer_start": 1504}, {"text": "Empty Sky", "answer_span": "1969 his debut album, \"Empty Sky", "answer_start": 1507}, {"text": "\"Empty Sky\"", "answer_span": " In 1969 his debut album, \"Empty Sky\", was released.", "answer_start": 1503}, {"text": "\"Empty Sky\"", "answer_span": "\"Empty Sky\"", "answer_start": 1529}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Empty Sky", "answer_span": "In 1969 his debut album, \"Empty Sky\", was released", "answer_start": 1504}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What football club is he an honorary Life Presedent of?", "answers": [{"text": "Watford", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002. He is an honorary Life President of the club", "answer_start": 929}, {"text": "Watford Football Club", "answer_span": "owned Watford Football Club ", "answer_start": 934}, {"text": "Watford Football Club", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002. He is an honorary Life President of the club", "answer_start": 929}, {"text": "Watford Football Club", "answer_span": "Watford Football Club", "answer_start": 940}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Watford", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002. He is an honorary Life President of the club", "answer_start": 929}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did John abd Bernie Taupin ever write songs for any other artists?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "For two years they wrote songs for other artists", "answer_start": 1345}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "worked as a session musician for artists such as the Hollies and the Scaffold", "answer_start": 1425}, {"text": "yews", "answer_span": "John met his songwriting partner, Bernie Taupin, in 1967, after they had both answered an advert for songwriters. For two years they wrote songs for other artists,", "answer_start": 1231}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " For two years they wrote songs for other artists, including Lulu, ", "answer_start": 1344}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "For two years they wrote songs for other artists", "answer_start": 1345}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Like who?", "answers": [{"text": "Lulu", "answer_span": "For two years they wrote songs for other artists, including Lulu", "answer_start": 1345}, {"text": "Lulu", "answer_span": " including Lulu, and John", "answer_start": 1394}, {"text": "Lulu", "answer_span": " For two years they wrote songs for other artists, including Lulu,", "answer_start": 1344}, {"text": "Lulu", "answer_span": " Lulu", "answer_start": 1404}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lulu", "answer_span": "For two years they wrote songs for other artists, including Lulu", "answer_start": 1345}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what were the dates of the long span of consecutive years he has had at least one song in the Billboard hot 100?", "answers": [{"text": "1970\u20132000", "answer_span": "For 31 consecutive years (1970\u20132000) he had at least one song in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "answer_start": 542}, {"text": "1970\u20132000", "answer_span": "31 consecutive years (1970\u20132000", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "1970\u20132000", "answer_span": "For 31 consecutive years (1970\u20132000) he had at least one song in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100", "answer_start": 542}, {"text": "1970\u20132000", "answer_span": "1970\u20132000", "answer_start": 568}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1970\u20132000", "answer_span": "For 31 consecutive years (1970\u20132000) he had at least one song in the \"Billboard\" Hot 100.", "answer_start": 542}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of the tribute single he re-penned in dedicationi to the late Princess Diana?", "answers": [{"text": "Candle in the Wind 1997", "answer_span": "His tribute single, re-penned in dedication to the late Princess Diana, \"Candle in the Wind 1997\"", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "Candle in the Wind 1997", "answer_span": " to the late Princess Diana, \"Candle in the Wind 1997", "answer_start": 675}, {"text": "Candle in the Wind 1997", "answer_span": "His tribute single, re-penned in dedication to the late Princess Diana, \"Candle in the Wind 1997\" ", "answer_start": 632}, {"text": "\"Candle in the Wind 1997\"", "answer_span": " \"Candle in the Wind 1997\"", "answer_start": 703}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Candle in the Wind 1997", "answer_span": "His tribute single, re-penned in dedication to the late Princess Diana, \"Candle in the Wind 1997\"", "answer_start": 632}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "DId John ever own the Watford Football club?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002. ", "answer_start": 929}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987", "answer_start": 929}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club ", "answer_start": 929}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002", "answer_start": 929}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "John owned Watford Football Club from 1976 to 1987, and 1997 to 2002. ", "answer_start": 929}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the name of the song from his second album which was his first hit single?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Your Song\"", "answer_span": "\"Your Song\", from his second album, \"Elton John\", reached the top ten in the UK and the US, his first hit single.", "answer_start": 1574}, {"text": "Your Song", "answer_span": "Your Song\", from his second album", "answer_start": 1575}, {"text": "Your Song", "answer_span": "In 1970 a single, \"Your Song\", from his second album, \"Elton John\", reached the top ten in the UK and the US, his first hit single", "answer_start": 1556}, {"text": "\"Your Song\"", "answer_span": "\"Your Song\"", "answer_start": 1574}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Your Song\"", "answer_span": "\"Your Song\", from his second album, \"Elton John\", reached the top ten in the UK and the US, his first hit single.", "answer_start": 1574}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the name he was born with \"his given name\"?", "answers": [{"text": "Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947),", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_span": "(born Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_span": "Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_start": 31}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Reginald Kenneth Dwight", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947),", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and on what day was he born?", "answers": [{"text": "25 March 1947", "answer_span": "born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "25 March 1947", "answer_span": "born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "25 March 1947", "answer_span": "Sir Elton Hercules John, (born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "25 March 1947", "answer_span": " 25 March 1947", "answer_start": 55}], "orig_answer": {"text": "25 March 1947", "answer_span": "born Reginald Kenneth Dwight; 25 March 1947", "answer_start": 26}, "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "36zn444ytrytfyb14vl0lv1w5ryio8"}], "section_title": "Elton John", "background": "Elton John", "title": "Elton John"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island, founded in 1636 and one of the oldest cities in the United States. It was founded by Roger Williams, a religious exile from the Massachusetts Bay Colony. He named the area in honor of \"God's merciful Providence\" which he believed was responsible for revealing such a haven for him and his followers to settle. The city is situated at the mouth of the Providence River at the head of Narragansett Bay. \n\nProvidence was one of the first cities in the country to industrialize and became noted for its textile manufacturing and subsequent machine tool, jewelry, and silverware industries. Today, the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and seven institutions of higher learning which have shifted the city's economy into service industries, though it still retains some manufacturing activity. The city was once nicknamed the \"Beehive of Industry\"; it began rebranding itself as the \"Creative Capital\" in 2009 to emphasize its educational resources and arts community. \n\nThe city is located in Providence County and is the third most populous city in New England, after Boston and Worcester. Providence has a city population of 179,154; it is also part of the Providence metropolitan area which extends into southern Massachusetts. The Providence metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1,604,291, which exceeds that of Rhode Island as a whole by about 60%. This can be considered, in turn, to be part of the Greater Boston commuting area, which contains 7.6 million people.", "qas": [{"question": "Providence, Rhode Island What was Providence once nicknamed?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Beehive of Industry\"", "answer_span": "The city was once nicknamed the \"Beehive of Industry", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "Beehive of Industry", "answer_span": "The city was once nicknamed the \"Beehive of Industry", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "The \"Beehive of Industry\"", "answer_span": "The city was once nicknamed the \"Beehive of Industry\"; it began rebranding itself as the \"Creative Capital\" in 2009 to emphasize its educational resources and arts community", "answer_start": 888}, {"text": "God's merciful Providence", "answer_span": "God's merciful Providence", "answer_start": 272}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Beehive of Industry\"", "answer_span": "The city was once nicknamed the \"Beehive of Industry", "answer_start": 888}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it rebrand itself as the \"Creative Captial\"?", "answers": [{"text": "2009", "answer_span": " it began rebranding itself as the \"Creative Capital\" in 2009", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": " it began rebranding itself as the \"Creative Capital\" in 2009", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "it began rebranding itself as the \"Creative Capital\" in 2009 to emphasize its educational resources and arts community", "answer_start": 943}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "2009", "answer_start": 999}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2009", "answer_span": " it began rebranding itself as the \"Creative Capital\" in 2009", "answer_start": 942}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which state is it the capital of?", "answers": [{"text": "Rhode Island", "answer_span": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Rhode Island", "answer_span": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Rhode Island", "answer_span": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Rhode Island", "answer_span": "Rhode Island", "answer_start": 73}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rhode Island", "answer_span": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1636", "answer_span": "founded in 1636 ", "answer_start": 87}, {"text": "1636", "answer_span": ", founded in 1636", "answer_start": 85}, {"text": "1636", "answer_span": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island, founded in 1636", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "1636", "answer_span": "1636", "answer_start": 98}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1636", "answer_span": "founded in 1636 ", "answer_start": 87}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "By who?", "answers": [{"text": "Roger Williams", "answer_span": "It was founded by Roger Williams", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "Roger Williams", "answer_span": " It was founded by Roger Williams", "answer_start": 153}, {"text": "Roger Williams", "answer_span": "It was founded by Roger Williams", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "Roger Williams", "answer_span": "Roger Williams", "answer_start": 172}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Roger Williams", "answer_span": "It was founded by Roger Williams", "answer_start": 154}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did he name the area for?", "answers": [{"text": "in honor of \"God's merciful Providence\"", "answer_span": "He named the area in honor of \"God's merciful Providence\"", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "God's merciful Providence", "answer_span": "He named the area in honor of \"God's merciful Providence", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "God's merciful Providence", "answer_span": "He named the area in honor of \"God's merciful Providence\" which he believed was responsible for revealing such a haven for him and his followers to settle", "answer_start": 241}, {"text": "\"God's merciful Providence\"", "answer_span": "\"God's merciful Providence\"", "answer_start": 271}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in honor of \"God's merciful Providence\"", "answer_span": "He named the area in honor of \"God's merciful Providence\"", "answer_start": 241}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many hospitals does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "eight", "answer_span": "eight hospitals", "answer_start": 714}, {"text": "eight", "answer_span": "Providence is home to eight hospitals", "answer_start": 692}, {"text": "Eight", "answer_span": "Today, the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and seven institutions of higher learning which have shifted the city's economy into service industries", "answer_start": 673}, {"text": "eight", "answer_span": "eight hospitals", "answer_start": 714}], "orig_answer": {"text": "eight", "answer_span": "eight hospitals", "answer_start": 714}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And how many institutions of higher education?", "answers": [{"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven institutions of higher learning", "answer_start": 734}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": " seven institutions of higher learning ", "answer_start": 733}, {"text": "Seven", "answer_span": "Today, the city of Providence is home to eight hospitals and seven institutions of higher learning", "answer_start": 673}, {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven institutions of higher learning", "answer_start": 734}], "orig_answer": {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "seven institutions of higher learning", "answer_start": 734}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What county is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Providence County", "answer_span": "The city is located in Providence County", "answer_start": 1065}, {"text": "U.S.", "answer_span": "most populous city in the U.S. ", "answer_start": 33}, {"text": "U.S.", "answer_span": "Providence is the capital of and most populous city in the U.S. state of Rhode Island", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "United States", "answer_span": "United States", "answer_start": 139}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Providence County", "answer_span": "The city is located in Providence County", "answer_start": 1065}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the population of the city?", "answers": [{"text": "179,154", "answer_span": "Providence has a city population of 179,154", "answer_start": 1186}, {"text": "179,154", "answer_span": "Providence has a city population of 179,154", "answer_start": 1186}, {"text": "179,154", "answer_span": "Providence has a city population of 179,154", "answer_start": 1186}, {"text": "179,154", "answer_span": "179,154", "answer_start": 1222}], "orig_answer": {"text": "179,154", "answer_span": "Providence has a city population of 179,154", "answer_start": 1186}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about the population of the metropolitan area?", "answers": [{"text": "1,604,291", "answer_span": "The Providence metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1,604,291", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "1,604,291", "answer_span": "The Providence metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1,604,291", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "1,604,291", "answer_span": "The Providence metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1,604,291", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "1,604,291", "answer_span": " 1,604,291", "answer_start": 1389}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1,604,291", "answer_span": "The Providence metropolitan area has an estimated population of 1,604,291", "answer_start": 1326}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And how many are in the Greater Boston commuting area?", "answers": [{"text": "7.6 million", "answer_span": "Greater Boston commuting area, which contains 7.6 million people.", "answer_start": 1512}, {"text": "7.6 million .", "answer_span": " the Greater Boston commuting area, which contains 7.6 million people.", "answer_start": 1507}, {"text": "7.6 million people", "answer_span": "This can be considered, in turn, to be part of the Greater Boston commuting area, which contains 7.6 million people", "answer_start": 1461}, {"text": "7.6 million", "answer_span": "7.6 million ", "answer_start": 1558}], "orig_answer": {"text": "7.6 million", "answer_span": "Greater Boston commuting area, which contains 7.6 million people.", "answer_start": 1512}, "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "352ythgrovdpfaqzfto67lucoosh4f"}], "section_title": "Providence, Rhode Island", "background": "Providence, Rhode Island", "title": "Providence, Rhode Island"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Liverpool () is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 478,580 in 2015. With its surrounding areas, it is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the UK, with over 2.24 million people in 2011. The local authority is Liverpool City Council, the most populous local government district within the metropolitan county of Merseyside and the largest within the Liverpool City Region. \n\nLiverpool is located on the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary, and historically lay within the ancient hundred of West Derby in the south west of the county of Lancashire. It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880. In 1889, it became a county borough independent of Lancashire. Its growth as a major port was paralleled by the expansion of the city throughout the Industrial Revolution. Along with handling general cargo, freight, raw materials such as coal and cotton, the city merchants were involved in the Atlantic slave trade. In the 19th century, it was a major port of departure for Irish and English emigrants to the United States. Liverpool was home to both the Cunard and White Star Line, and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\", the RMS \"Lusitania\", \"Queen Mary\" and \"Olympic\".", "qas": [{"question": "Liverpool Which port was home to the Titanic?", "answers": [{"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool was home to both the Cunard and White Star Line, and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\",", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool ", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool", "answer_start": 1049}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool was home to both the Cunard and White Star Line, and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\",", "answer_start": 1049}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was the Queen Mary registered there as well?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Liverpool was home to both the Cunard and White Star Line, and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\", the RMS \"Lusitania\", \"Queen Mary\" and \"Olympic\".", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Queen Mary", "answer_start": 1193}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Queen Mary", "answer_start": 1193}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Queen Mary", "answer_start": 1193}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Liverpool was home to both the Cunard and White Star Line, and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\", the RMS \"Lusitania\", \"Queen Mary\" and \"Olympic\".", "answer_start": 1049}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What other famous ships have called it home?", "answers": [{"text": "Lusitania and Olympic", "answer_span": "and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\", the RMS \"Lusitania\", \"Queen Mary\" and \"Olympic\".", "answer_start": 1108}, {"text": "the RMS \"Lusitania\", and \"Olympic\".", "answer_span": " the RMS \"Lusitania\", \"Queen Mary\" and \"Olympic\".", "answer_start": 1170}, {"text": "RMS \"Lusitania\"", "answer_span": "RMS \"Lusitania\"", "answer_start": 1175}, {"text": "Olympic", "answer_span": "Olympic", "answer_start": 1210}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lusitania and Olympic", "answer_span": "and was the port of registry of the ocean liner RMS \"Titanic\", the RMS \"Lusitania\", \"Queen Mary\" and \"Olympic\".", "answer_start": 1108}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What estuary lies to its west?", "answers": [{"text": "Mersey Estuary", "answer_span": "Liverpool is located on the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "Mersey", "answer_span": "Mersey", "answer_start": 451}, {"text": "Mersey Estuary", "answer_span": "Mersey Estuary", "answer_start": 451}, {"text": "West Derby", "answer_span": "West Derby", "answer_start": 518}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mersey Estuary", "answer_span": "Liverpool is located on the eastern side of the Mersey Estuary", "answer_start": 403}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Before 1889, what county was it a part of?", "answers": [{"text": "Lancashire", "answer_span": ". It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880. In 1889, it became a county borough independent of Lancashire", "answer_start": 574}, {"text": "Lancashire", "answer_span": "Lancashire", "answer_start": 564}, {"text": "Lancashire", "answer_span": " Lancashire", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "independent of Lancashire", "answer_span": "independent of Lancashire", "answer_start": 660}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lancashire", "answer_span": ". It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880. In 1889, it became a county borough independent of Lancashire", "answer_start": 574}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What ancient hundred does it lie in?", "answers": [{"text": "West Derby", "answer_span": " and historically lay within the ancient hundred of West Derby", "answer_start": 466}, {"text": "West Derby", "answer_span": " West Derby", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "of West Derby", "answer_span": "of West Derby", "answer_start": 515}, {"text": "1207", "answer_span": "1207", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "West Derby", "answer_span": " and historically lay within the ancient hundred of West Derby", "answer_start": 466}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did it become a borough and a city at the same time?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880. In 1889, it became a county borough", "answer_start": 576}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880", "answer_start": 586}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "borough in 1207 and a city in 1880", "answer_start": 588}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "1207 and a city in 1880", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880. In 1889, it became a county borough", "answer_start": 576}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which occurred first?", "answers": [{"text": "It became a borough first.", "answer_span": "It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880.", "answer_start": 576}, {"text": "It became a borough", "answer_span": "It became a borough", "answer_start": 576}, {"text": "It became a borough", "answer_span": " It became a borough", "answer_start": 575}, {"text": "became a borough", "answer_span": "became a borough", "answer_start": 579}], "orig_answer": {"text": "It became a borough first.", "answer_span": "It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880.", "answer_start": 576}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was that?", "answers": [{"text": "1207", "answer_span": " It became a borough in 1207", "answer_start": 575}, {"text": "1207", "answer_span": "1207", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "1207", "answer_span": "1207", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "1207", "answer_span": "1207", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1207", "answer_span": " It became a borough in 1207", "answer_start": 575}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it gain city status?", "answers": [{"text": "1880", "answer_span": " It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880", "answer_start": 575}, {"text": "1880", "answer_span": "1880", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "1880", "answer_span": "1880", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "1889", "answer_span": "1889", "answer_start": 627}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1880", "answer_span": " It became a borough in 1207 and a city in 1880", "answer_start": 575}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened that sped up the growth of the city?", "answers": [{"text": "Its growth as a major port .", "answer_span": "Its growth as a major port was paralleled by the expansion of the city throughout the Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "Its growth as a major port", "answer_span": " Its growth as a major port", "answer_start": 686}, {"text": "the Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": " the Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 768}, {"text": "Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": "Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 773}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Its growth as a major port .", "answer_span": "Its growth as a major port was paralleled by the expansion of the city throughout the Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was going on that caused that?", "answers": [{"text": "The Atlantic slave trade.", "answer_span": " the city merchants were involved in the Atlantic slave trade. ", "answer_start": 878}, {"text": "the Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": " the Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 768}, {"text": "the Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": "the Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 769}, {"text": "Industrial Revolution", "answer_span": "Industrial Revolution", "answer_start": 773}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Atlantic slave trade.", "answer_span": " the city merchants were involved in the Atlantic slave trade. ", "answer_start": 878}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did any raw materials go through the port?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": ". Along with handling general cargo, freight, raw materials such as coal and cotton,", "answer_start": 794}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "as coal and cotton", "answer_start": 859}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " raw materials", "answer_start": 839}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "raw materials", "answer_start": 840}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": ". Along with handling general cargo, freight, raw materials such as coal and cotton,", "answer_start": 794}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name one of the materials.", "answers": [{"text": "Coal.", "answer_span": "Along with handling general cargo, freight, raw materials such as coal and cotton", "answer_start": 796}, {"text": "coal", "answer_span": "coal ", "answer_start": 862}, {"text": "coal", "answer_span": "coal", "answer_start": 862}, {"text": "coal", "answer_span": "coal", "answer_start": 862}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Coal.", "answer_span": "Along with handling general cargo, freight, raw materials such as coal and cotton", "answer_start": 796}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What would be another example?", "answers": [{"text": "Cotton", "answer_span": " raw materials such as coal and cotton", "answer_start": 839}, {"text": "cotton", "answer_span": " cotton", "answer_start": 870}, {"text": "cotton", "answer_span": "cotton", "answer_start": 871}, {"text": "cotton", "answer_span": "cotton", "answer_start": 871}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Cotton", "answer_span": " raw materials such as coal and cotton", "answer_start": 839}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "If I were Irish in the 1800s and going to America, what port would I likely leave from?", "answers": [{"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "it was a major port of departure for Irish and English emigrants to the United States. ", "answer_start": 962}, {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "Liverpool", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "Lancashire", "answer_span": "Lancashire", "answer_start": 675}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Liverpool", "answer_span": "it was a major port of departure for Irish and English emigrants to the United States. ", "answer_start": 962}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What part of England is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "North West", "answer_span": "Liverpool () is a city in North West England", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "North West", "answer_span": "North West ", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "North West", "answer_span": "North West", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "Mersey Estuary", "answer_span": "Mersey Estuary", "answer_start": 451}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North West", "answer_span": "Liverpool () is a city in North West England", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the city itself have over a million inhabitants?", "answers": [{"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Liverpool () is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 478,580 in 2015", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "478,580", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "478,580 i", "answer_start": 78}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "2.24 million", "answer_start": 186}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Liverpool () is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 478,580 in 2015", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about the metropolitan area?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "With its surrounding areas, it is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the UK, with over 2.24 million", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " 2.24 ", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "over 2.24 million ", "answer_start": 181}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " 2.24 million", "answer_start": 185}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "With its surrounding areas, it is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the UK, with over 2.24 million", "answer_start": 95}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many metropolitan areas in the UK are larger?", "answers": [{"text": "Four.", "answer_span": "With its surrounding areas, it is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the UK,", "answer_start": 95}, {"text": "Four", "answer_span": "fifth-largest metropolitan", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "four", "answer_span": "fifth-largest", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "none", "answer_span": "largest", "answer_start": 359}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Four.", "answer_span": "With its surrounding areas, it is the fifth-largest metropolitan area in the UK,", "answer_start": 95}, "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3eret4btvm9he6xj29nu1llk20nk91"}], "section_title": "Liverpool", "background": "Liverpool", "title": "Liverpool"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport and Poland's seventh-largest city. As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. \n\nSzczecin is located on the Oder, south of the Szczecin Lagoon and the Bay of Pomerania. The city is situated along the southwestern shore of D\u0105bie Lake, on both sides of the Oder and on several large islands between the western and eastern branches of the river. Szczecin is adjacent to the town of Police and is the urban centre of the Szczecin agglomeration, an extended metropolitan area that includes communities in the German states of Brandenburg and Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. \n\nThe city's recorded history began in the 8th century as a Slavic Pomeranian stronghold, built at the site of the Ducal castle. In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark. At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers, the population was Christianized, and German settlers arrived from Western European states. The native Slavic population was subjected to discrimination and Germanization in the following centuries. Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League.", "qas": [{"question": "Szczecin Where is Szczecin?", "answers": [{"text": "Poland.", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "Poland", "answer_start": 136}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Poland.", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it's history begin?", "answers": [{"text": "8th century", "answer_span": "The city's recorded history began in the 8th century ", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "In the 8th century", "answer_span": "The city's recorded history began in the 8th century as a Slavic Pomeranian stronghold", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "in the 8th century", "answer_span": "The city's recorded history began in the 8th century", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "the 8th century", "answer_span": "the 8th century", "answer_start": 819}], "orig_answer": {"text": "8th century", "answer_span": "The city's recorded history began in the 8th century ", "answer_start": 782}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it lose independence?", "answers": [{"text": "12th century", "answer_span": "In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, ", "answer_start": 909}, {"text": "The 12th century", "answer_span": "In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland", "answer_start": 909}, {"text": "In the 12th century", "answer_span": " In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence", "answer_start": 908}, {"text": "In the 12th century", "answer_span": " In the 12th century", "answer_start": 908}], "orig_answer": {"text": "12th century", "answer_span": "In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, ", "answer_start": 909}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who were the rulers?", "answers": [{"text": "House of Griffins", "answer_span": "At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers, t", "answer_start": 1092}, {"text": "House of Griffins", "answer_span": "At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers", "answer_start": 1092}, {"text": "the House of Griffins", "answer_span": "At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers", "answer_start": 1092}, {"text": "the House of Griffins", "answer_span": " the House of Griffins", "answer_start": 1109}], "orig_answer": {"text": "House of Griffins", "answer_span": "At the same time, the House of Griffins established themselves as local rulers, t", "answer_start": 1092}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the population?", "answers": [{"text": "407,811.", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. ", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "407,811", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "407,811", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "407,811", "answer_span": "407,811", "answer_start": 288}], "orig_answer": {"text": "407,811.", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. ", "answer_start": 252}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was that population recorded?", "answers": [{"text": "June 2011", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. ", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "June 2011", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "June 2011", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. ", "answer_start": 252}, {"text": "June 2011", "answer_span": "June 2011", "answer_start": 258}], "orig_answer": {"text": "June 2011", "answer_span": "As of June 2011, the population was 407,811. ", "answer_start": 252}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it go by any other names?", "answers": [{"text": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names)", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "known also by other alternative names", "answer_start": 27}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names)", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it a capital city?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland", "answer_start": 14}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " is the capital", "answer_start": 65}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Szczecin (; ; German and , known also by other alternative names) is the capital and largest city of the West Pomeranian Voivodeship in Poland. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What sea is it near?", "answers": [{"text": "Baltic", "answer_span": "Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport ", "answer_start": 144}, {"text": "Baltic", "answer_span": ". Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border", "answer_start": 142}, {"text": "the Baltic Sea", "answer_span": "Located near the Baltic Sea ", "answer_start": 144}, {"text": "the Baltic Sea", "answer_span": "the Baltic Sea", "answer_start": 157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Baltic", "answer_span": "Located near the Baltic Sea and the German border, it is a major seaport ", "answer_start": 144}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did it lose it's independence to?", "answers": [{"text": "Piast Poland", "answer_span": " it lost its independence to Piast Poland, t", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "Piast Poland", "answer_span": " Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_start": 934}, {"text": "Piast Poland", "answer_span": " the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland", "answer_start": 911}, {"text": "Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_span": "Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_start": 1022}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Piast Poland", "answer_span": " it lost its independence to Piast Poland, t", "answer_start": 993}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did it lose it's independence to anyone else?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark. ", "answer_start": 993}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_start": 994}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " In the 12th century, when Szczecin had become one of Pomerania's main urban centres, it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark. ", "answer_start": 908}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony", "answer_start": 997}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark. ", "answer_start": 993}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who else?", "answers": [{"text": "the Duchy of Saxony", "answer_span": "it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark.", "answer_start": 994}, {"text": "The Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_span": "it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_start": 994}, {"text": "the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_span": " the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark", "answer_start": 1035}, {"text": "the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark.", "answer_span": " the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark.", "answer_start": 1035}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Duchy of Saxony", "answer_span": "it lost its independence to Piast Poland, the Duchy of Saxony, the Holy Roman Empire and Denmark.", "answer_start": 994}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "true or false, the town was rebuilt in 1400", "answers": [{"text": "false", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, ", "answer_start": 1370}, {"text": "False", "answer_span": "Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League", "answer_start": 1371}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": "The city's recorded history began in the 8th century ", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "false", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuil", "answer_start": 1370}], "orig_answer": {"text": "false", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, ", "answer_start": 1370}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it rebuilt?", "answers": [{"text": ". Between 1237 and 1243", "answer_span": ". Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt,", "answer_start": 1369}, {"text": "Between 1237 and 1243", "answer_span": "Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League", "answer_start": 1371}, {"text": "Between 1237 and 1243", "answer_span": "Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt", "answer_start": 1371}, {"text": "Between 1237 and 1243", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243", "answer_start": 1370}], "orig_answer": {"text": ". Between 1237 and 1243", "answer_span": ". Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt,", "answer_start": 1369}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What league did it join?", "answers": [{"text": "Hanseatic League.", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League.", "answer_start": 1370}, {"text": "The Hanseatic League", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League", "answer_start": 1370}, {"text": "the Hanseatic League", "answer_span": "the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League.", "answer_start": 1394}, {"text": "the Hanseatic League.", "answer_span": " the Hanseatic League.", "answer_start": 1471}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hanseatic League.", "answer_span": " Between 1237 and 1243, the town was rebuilt, granted extensive autonomy rights and eventually joined the Hanseatic League.", "answer_start": 1370}, "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "39rp059mehtvsncjl5e6748ef5kbm6"}], "section_title": "Szczecin", "background": "Szczecin", "title": "Szczecin"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%). The agricultural sector contributed 3.9% of national economic output in 2015. Important Greek industries include tourism and shipping. With 18 million international tourists in 2013, Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world. The Greek Merchant Navy is the largest in the world, with Greek-owned vessels accounting for 15% of global deadweight tonnage as of 2013. The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia has resulted in unprecedented investment in the shipping industry. \n\nThe country is a significant agricultural producer within the EU. Greece has the largest economy in the Balkans and is as an important regional investor. Greece was the largest foreign investor in Albania in 2013, the third in Bulgaria, in the top-three in Romania and Serbia and the most important trading partner and largest foreign investor in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia. The Greek telecommunications company OTE has become a strong investor in former Yugoslavia and in other Balkan countries.", "qas": [{"question": "Economy of Greece Is Greece a developing country?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "developed ", "answer_start": 12}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%).", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is their economy based on?", "answers": [{"text": "service and industrial sectors", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%).", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "service", "answer_span": "service ", "answer_start": 59}, {"text": "The service and industrial sectors", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the service and industrial sectors", "answer_span": "an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors", "answer_start": 35}], "orig_answer": {"text": "service and industrial sectors", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%).", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how much of it is service?", "answers": [{"text": "82.8%", "answer_span": " the service (82.8%)", "answer_start": 54}, {"text": "82.8%", "answer_span": "82.8%", "answer_start": 68}, {"text": "82.8%", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "82.8%", "answer_span": "service (82.8%)", "answer_start": 59}], "orig_answer": {"text": "82.8%", "answer_span": " the service (82.8%)", "answer_start": 54}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how much is industrial?", "answers": [{"text": "13.3%", "answer_span": "industrial sectors (13.3%).", "answer_start": 79}, {"text": "13.3%", "answer_span": "13.3%", "answer_start": 99}, {"text": "13.3%", "answer_span": "Greece is a developed country with an economy based on the service (82.8%) and industrial sectors (13.3%)", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "13.3%", "answer_span": "and industrial sectors (13.3%)", "answer_start": 75}], "orig_answer": {"text": "13.3%", "answer_span": "industrial sectors (13.3%).", "answer_start": 79}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is tourism important there?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Important Greek industries include tourism and shipping. ", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "tourism", "answer_start": 220}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Important Greek industries include tourism and shipping", "answer_start": 185}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Important Greek industries include tourism and shipping", "answer_start": 184}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Important Greek industries include tourism and shipping. ", "answer_start": 185}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many people visited in 2013?", "answers": [{"text": "18 million", "answer_span": "With 18 million international tourists in 2013,", "answer_start": 242}, {"text": "18 million", "answer_span": "18 million ", "answer_start": 247}, {"text": "18 million", "answer_span": "With 18 million international tourists in 2013", "answer_start": 242}, {"text": "18 million", "answer_span": "With 18 million international tourists in 2013", "answer_start": 242}], "orig_answer": {"text": "18 million", "answer_span": "With 18 million international tourists in 2013,", "answer_start": 242}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how does that compare to the rest of the EU?", "answers": [{"text": "7th most visited", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union", "answer_start": 290}, {"text": "7th most visited", "answer_span": "7th most visited", "answer_start": 305}, {"text": "7th most", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world", "answer_start": 290}, {"text": "7th", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union", "answer_start": 290}], "orig_answer": {"text": "7th most visited", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union", "answer_start": 290}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what about the world?", "answers": [{"text": "16th in the world", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world.", "answer_start": 290}, {"text": "16th", "answer_span": "16th ", "answer_start": 356}, {"text": "16th", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world", "answer_start": 290}, {"text": "16th", "answer_span": "and 16th in the world", "answer_start": 352}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16th in the world", "answer_span": "Greece was the 7th most visited country in the European Union and 16th in the world.", "answer_start": 290}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they produce much agriculture?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The agricultural sector contributed 3.9% of national economic output in 2015", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "significant ", "answer_start": 686}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The country is a significant agricultural producer within the EU", "answer_start": 669}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The country is a significant agricultural producer ", "answer_start": 669}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The agricultural sector contributed 3.9% of national economic output in 2015", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who is a significant producer of agriculture in the EU?", "answers": [{"text": "Greece", "answer_span": "The country is a significant agricultural producer within the EU. ", "answer_start": 669}, {"text": "Greece", "answer_span": "Greece ", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "Greece", "answer_span": "The country is a significant agricultural producer within the EU.", "answer_start": 669}, {"text": "Greece", "answer_span": "The country is a significant agricultural producer within the EU", "answer_start": 669}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greece", "answer_span": "The country is a significant agricultural producer within the EU. ", "answer_start": 669}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How do they rank on investing in Albania?", "answers": [{"text": "1st", "answer_span": "Greece was the largest foreign investor in Albania in 2013", "answer_start": 823}, {"text": "the largest", "answer_span": "the largest ", "answer_start": 834}, {"text": "The largest", "answer_span": "Greece was the largest foreign investor in Albania in 2013", "answer_start": 823}, {"text": "the largest", "answer_span": "Greece was the largest foreign investor in Albania ", "answer_start": 823}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1st", "answer_span": "Greece was the largest foreign investor in Albania in 2013", "answer_start": 823}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what about Bulgaria?", "answers": [{"text": "third", "answer_span": "the third in Bulgaria", "answer_start": 883}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": "third ", "answer_start": 887}, {"text": "Third largest", "answer_span": "Greece was the largest foreign investor in Albania in 2013, the third in Bulgaria", "answer_start": 823}, {"text": "third", "answer_span": " the third in Bulgaria", "answer_start": 882}], "orig_answer": {"text": "third", "answer_span": "the third in Bulgaria", "answer_start": 883}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where do they rank in the top 3?", "answers": [{"text": "Romania and Serbia", "answer_span": "in the top-three in Romania and Serbia", "answer_start": 906}, {"text": "Romania and Serbia", "answer_span": "Romania and Serbia", "answer_start": 926}, {"text": "Romania and Serbia", "answer_span": "in the top-three in Romania and Serbia", "answer_start": 906}, {"text": "Romania", "answer_span": "in the top-three in Romania and Serbia", "answer_start": 906}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Romania and Serbia", "answer_span": "in the top-three in Romania and Serbia", "answer_start": 906}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is their investment connection with Yugoslavia?", "answers": [{"text": "telecommunications company OTE", "answer_span": "The Greek telecommunications company OTE has become a strong investor in former Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 1059}, {"text": "strong", "answer_span": "strong", "answer_start": 1113}, {"text": "Trading partner", "answer_span": " in the top-three in Romania and Serbia and the most important trading partner and largest foreign investor in the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia", "answer_start": 905}, {"text": "OTE", "answer_span": "The Greek telecommunications company OTE has become a strong investor in former Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 1059}], "orig_answer": {"text": "telecommunications company OTE", "answer_span": "The Greek telecommunications company OTE has become a strong investor in former Yugoslavia", "answer_start": 1059}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what has lead to significant investing in the shipping business?", "answers": [{"text": "increased demand for international maritime transportation", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia has resulted in unprecedented investment in the shipping industry. ", "answer_start": 513}, {"text": "increased demand", "answer_span": "increased demand ", "answer_start": 517}, {"text": "Demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia has resulted in unprecedented investment in the shipping industry. ", "answer_start": 513}, {"text": "increased demand for international maritime transportation", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia", "answer_start": 513}], "orig_answer": {"text": "increased demand for international maritime transportation", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia has resulted in unprecedented investment in the shipping industry. ", "answer_start": 513}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "between who?", "answers": [{"text": "Greece and Asia", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia", "answer_start": 513}, {"text": "Greece and Asia", "answer_span": "Greece and Asia", "answer_start": 584}, {"text": "Greece and Asia", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia has resulted in unprecedented investment in the shipping industry", "answer_start": 513}, {"text": "Greece and Asia", "answer_span": "maritime transportation between Greece and Asia", "answer_start": 552}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Greece and Asia", "answer_span": "The increased demand for international maritime transportation between Greece and Asia", "answer_start": 513}, "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3t3iwe1xg6nm9o4sdkc8o7y5v11qtu"}], "section_title": "Economy of Greece", "background": "Economy of Greece", "title": "Economy of Greece"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Hanoi ( or ; , ) is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam and the country's second largest city by population. Its population in 2009 was estimated at 2.6 million for urban districts and 7 million for the metropolitan jurisdiction. The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Hu\u1ebf, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty (1802\u20131945), but Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of a reunified Vietnam in 1976, after the North's victory in the Vietnam War. \n\nThe city lies on the right bank of the Red River. Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City and west of Hai Phong city. \n\nOctober 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city. The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion. \n\nHanoi (, \"inside (the) river\") has had many official and unofficial names throughout history. Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC. The C\u1ed5 Loa Citadel in Dong Anh district served as the capital of the \u00c2u L\u1ea1c kingdom founded by the Shu emigrant Th\u1ee5c Ph\u00e1n after his 258 BC conquest of the native V\u0103n Lang.", "qas": [{"question": "Hanoi When was Hanoi first inhabited?", "answers": [{"text": "3000 BC", "answer_span": " Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC", "answer_start": 1089}, {"text": "3000 BC", "answer_span": "Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC", "answer_start": 1090}, {"text": "3000 BC", "answer_span": "anoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC", "answer_start": 1091}, {"text": "1000 years ago", "answer_span": "1000 years", "answer_start": 854}], "orig_answer": {"text": "3000 BC", "answer_span": " Hanoi has been inhabited since at least 3000 BC", "answer_start": 1089}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did October 2010 mark?", "answers": [{"text": "1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_span": "October 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_start": 823}, {"text": "1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_span": "October 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_start": 823}, {"text": "1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_span": "October 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_start": 823}, {"text": "1000 years since the establishment", "answer_span": "1000 years since the establishment ", "answer_start": 854}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_span": "October 2010 officially marked 1000 years since the establishment of the city", "answer_start": 823}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was made to honor the occasion?", "answers": [{"text": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_span": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion. ", "answer_start": 902}, {"text": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_span": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion.", "answer_start": 902}, {"text": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_span": " The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_start": 901}, {"text": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_span": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_start": 902}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural", "answer_span": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion. ", "answer_start": 902}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How large is it?", "answers": [{"text": "4\u00a0km", "answer_span": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion. ", "answer_start": 902}, {"text": "4\u00a0km", "answer_span": " a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic", "answer_start": 935}, {"text": "4\u00a0km", "answer_span": "a 4\u00a0km", "answer_start": 936}, {"text": "4\u00a0km", "answer_span": "4\u00a0km", "answer_start": 938}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4\u00a0km", "answer_span": "The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a 4\u00a0km ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion. ", "answer_start": 902}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it the capital of?", "answers": [{"text": "Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_span": "Hanoi ( or ; , ) is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_span": "Hanoi ( or ; , ) is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_span": "Hanoi ( or ; , ) is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Vietnam", "answer_span": "Vietnam", "answer_start": 643}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_span": "Hanoi ( or ; , ) is the capital of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have a large population?", "answers": [{"text": "7.7 million people", "answer_span": "The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people", "answer_start": 243}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and the country's second largest city by population", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "d the country's second largest city by population.", "answer_start": 71}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "second largest", "answer_start": 87}], "orig_answer": {"text": "7.7 million people", "answer_span": "The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people", "answer_start": 243}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does it rank for the country's population?", "answers": [{"text": "second largest city", "answer_span": "country's second largest city by population", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "second largest", "answer_span": "the country's second largest city by population", "answer_start": 73}, {"text": "2nd largest", "answer_span": "country's second largest city by population", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "second largest", "answer_span": "second largest", "answer_start": 87}], "orig_answer": {"text": "second largest city", "answer_span": "country's second largest city by population", "answer_start": 77}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was significant from the years 1010 to 1802?", "answers": [{"text": "it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_span": "From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_span": "From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_span": "From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_start": 303}, {"text": "it was the most important political centre", "answer_span": "it was the most important political centre ", "answer_start": 325}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_span": "From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam", "answer_start": 303}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was Hue?", "answers": [{"text": "the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty", "answer_span": " the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty ", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "the imperial capital of Vietnam", "answer_span": "It was eclipsed by Hu\u1ebf, the imperial capital of Vietnam", "answer_start": 380}, {"text": "imperial capital of Vietnam", "answer_span": "Hu\u1ebf, the imperial capital of Vietnam", "answer_start": 399}, {"text": "the imperial capital of Vietnam", "answer_span": " the imperial capital of Vietnam", "answer_start": 403}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty", "answer_span": " the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty ", "answer_start": 403}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What years were the Nguyen Dynasty?", "answers": [{"text": "1802\u20131945", "answer_span": "Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty (1802\u20131945),", "answer_start": 447}, {"text": "1802\u20131945", "answer_span": " the Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty (1802\u20131945)", "answer_start": 442}, {"text": "1802\u20131945", "answer_span": "Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty (1802\u20131945)", "answer_start": 447}, {"text": "1802\u20131945", "answer_span": "1802\u20131945", "answer_start": 463}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1802\u20131945", "answer_span": "Nguy\u1ec5n Dynasty (1802\u20131945),", "answer_start": 447}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was Hanoi the capitol of from 1902 to 1954?", "answers": [{"text": "French Indochina", "answer_span": "Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954", "answer_start": 479}, {"text": "French Indochina", "answer_span": "Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954", "answer_start": 479}, {"text": "French Indochina", "answer_span": "ut Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954. ", "answer_start": 476}, {"text": "French Indochina", "answer_span": "French Indochina", "answer_start": 510}], "orig_answer": {"text": "French Indochina", "answer_span": "Hanoi served as the capital of French Indochina from 1902 to 1954", "answer_start": 479}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about 1954 to 1976?", "answers": [{"text": "it was the capital of North Vietnam", "answer_span": ", it was the capital of North Vietnam,", "answer_start": 563}, {"text": "North Vietnam", "answer_span": "From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "North Vietnam", "answer_span": " 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam", "answer_start": 550}, {"text": "North Vietnam", "answer_span": "North Vietnam", "answer_start": 587}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it was the capital of North Vietnam", "answer_span": ", it was the capital of North Vietnam,", "answer_start": 563}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the city lie to the right of?", "answers": [{"text": "right bank of the Red River", "answer_span": "The city lies on the right bank of the Red Rive", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "the Red River", "answer_span": "The city lies on the right bank of the Red River", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "Red river", "answer_span": "The city lies on the right bank of the Red River", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "the Red River", "answer_span": "the Red River", "answer_start": 743}], "orig_answer": {"text": "right bank of the Red River", "answer_span": "The city lies on the right bank of the Red Rive", "answer_start": 708}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it north of?", "answers": [{"text": "Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_span": "Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City and west of Hai Phong city", "answer_start": 758}, {"text": "Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_span": "Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_start": 758}, {"text": "Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_span": "anoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_start": 759}, {"text": "Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_span": "Ho Chi Minh City ", "answer_start": 776}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ho Chi Minh City", "answer_span": "Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City and west of Hai Phong city", "answer_start": 758}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And west of?", "answers": [{"text": "Hai Phong city", "answer_span": "west of Hai Phong city.", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "Hai Phong city", "answer_span": "west of Hai Phong city", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "Hai Phong city", "answer_span": "west of Hai Phong city", "answer_start": 797}, {"text": "Hai Phong city", "answer_span": "Hai Phong city", "answer_start": 805}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hai Phong city", "answer_span": "west of Hai Phong city.", "answer_start": 797}, "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3nvc2eb65qzqj9xkpfnbjgx90ma3yk"}], "section_title": "Hanoi", "background": "Hanoi", "title": "Hanoi"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Fifty-two countries have participated in the Eurovision Song Contest since it started in 1956. Of these, twenty-seven have won the contest. The contest, organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), is held annually between members of the Union. Broadcasters from different countries submit songs to the event, and cast votes to determine the most popular in the competition. \n\nParticipation in the contest is primarily open to all active member broadcasters of the EBU. To be an active member, broadcasters must be a member of the European Broadcasting Union, or be in a Council of Europe member country. Eligibility to participate is not determined by geographic inclusion within the continent of Europe, despite the \"Euro\" in \"Eurovision\" \u2014 nor does it have a direct connection with the European Union. Several countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe have competed: Israel, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973, 1981 and 2006 respectively; Morocco, in North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone; and Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest. In addition, several transcontinental countries with only part of their territory in Europe have competed: Turkey, since 1975; Russia, since 1994; Georgia, since 2007; and Azerbaijan, which made its first appearance in the 2008 edition. Two of the countries that have previously sought to enter the competition, Lebanon and Tunisia, in Western Asia and North Africa respectively, are also outside of Europe. The Gulf state of Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. However, this did not materialise, and there are no known plans for a future Qatari entry the Eurovision Song Contest. Australia, where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s, debuted as a participant in the 2015 edition, with entries in 2016 and 2017.", "qas": [{"question": "List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest Who can take part in the contest?", "answers": [{"text": "all active member broadcasters of the EBU", "answer_span": "Participation in the contest is primarily open to all active member broadcasters of the EBU", "answer_start": 384}, {"text": "All active member broadcasters of the EBU.", "answer_span": " all active member broadcasters of the EBU.", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "all active member broadcasters of the EBU", "answer_span": " all active member broadcasters of the EBU", "answer_start": 433}, {"text": "members of the Union", "answer_span": "members of the Union", "answer_start": 230}], "orig_answer": {"text": "all active member broadcasters of the EBU", "answer_span": "Participation in the contest is primarily open to all active member broadcasters of the EBU", "answer_start": 384}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one way to be a member?", "answers": [{"text": "be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_span": "To be an active member, broadcasters must be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_start": 477}, {"text": "Be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_span": "To be an active member, broadcasters must be a member of the European Broadcasting Unio", "answer_start": 477}, {"text": "be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_span": "be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_start": 519}, {"text": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_span": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_start": 570}], "orig_answer": {"text": "be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_span": "To be an active member, broadcasters must be a member of the European Broadcasting Union", "answer_start": 477}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_span": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_start": 570}, {"text": "Be in a Council of Europe member country.", "answer_span": "be in a Council of Europe member country.", "answer_start": 570}, {"text": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_span": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_start": 570}, {"text": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_span": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_start": 570}], "orig_answer": {"text": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_span": "be in a Council of Europe member country", "answer_start": 570}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do you need to be located in Europe?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "s not determined by geographic inclusion within the continent of Europe", "answer_start": 640}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": " participate is not determined by geographic inclusion within the continent of Europe, despite the \"Euro\" in \"Eurovision\"", "answer_start": 626}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Eligibility to participate is not determined by geographic inclusion", "answer_start": 612}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Eligibility to participate is not determined by geographic inclusion within the continent of Europe", "answer_start": 612}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "s not determined by geographic inclusion within the continent of Europe", "answer_start": 640}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Have any countries competed that are not in Europe?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Several countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe have competed:", "answer_start": 812}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Several countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe have competed: ", "answer_start": 812}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Several countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe have competed:", "answer_start": 811}, {"text": "six", "answer_span": "Several countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe have competed: Israel, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973, 1981 and 2006 respectively; Morocco, in North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone; and Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest", "answer_start": 812}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Several countries geographically outside the boundaries of Europe have competed:", "answer_start": 812}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about Australia?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest", "answer_start": 1039}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Australia, where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s, debuted as a participant in the 2015 edition, with entries in 2016 and 2017.", "answer_start": 1738}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Australia making a debut", "answer_start": 1039}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest", "answer_start": 1039}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest", "answer_start": 1039}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year?", "answers": [{"text": "2015", "answer_span": " Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest.", "answer_start": 1038}, {"text": "2015, 2016 and 2017.", "answer_span": " 2015 edition, with entries in 2016 and 2017.", "answer_start": 1834}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": "2015", "answer_start": 1071}, {"text": "2015", "answer_span": " 2015", "answer_start": 1070}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2015", "answer_span": " Australia making a debut in the 2015 contest.", "answer_start": 1038}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many times did Morocco compete?", "answers": [{"text": "once", "answer_span": "orocco, in North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone", "answer_start": 979}, {"text": "Once.", "answer_span": "Morocco, in North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone", "answer_start": 978}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": "Morocco, in North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone", "answer_start": 978}, {"text": "one", "answer_span": "Morocco, in North Africa, in the 1980", "answer_start": 978}], "orig_answer": {"text": "once", "answer_span": "orocco, in North Africa, in the 1980 competition alone", "answer_start": 979}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was Israel's first appearance?", "answers": [{"text": "1973", "answer_span": "rael, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973", "answer_start": 895}, {"text": "1973", "answer_span": " Israel, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973, 1981 and 2006", "answer_start": 892}, {"text": "1973", "answer_span": "1973", "answer_start": 944}, {"text": "1973", "answer_span": "1973", "answer_start": 944}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1973", "answer_span": "rael, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973", "answer_start": 895}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which Western Asian country first competed in 1981?", "answers": [{"text": "Armenia 1981", "answer_span": "Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973, 1981", "answer_start": 901}, {"text": "Cyprus", "answer_span": " Israel, Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973, 1981 and 2006", "answer_start": 892}, {"text": "Cyprus", "answer_span": "Cyprus", "answer_start": 901}, {"text": "Armenia", "answer_span": " Armenia", "answer_start": 911}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Armenia 1981", "answer_span": "Cyprus and Armenia, in Western Asia, since 1973, 1981", "answer_start": 901}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did Qatar ever get in?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The Gulf state of Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. ", "answer_start": 1493}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The Gulf state of Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. However, this did not materialise", "answer_start": 1493}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "this did not materialise,", "answer_start": 1628}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. However, this did not materialise, and there are no known plans for a future Qatari ", "answer_start": 1547}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The Gulf state of Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. ", "answer_start": 1493}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they want to?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " announced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. However, this did not materialise,", "answer_start": 1534}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "The Gulf state of Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest in joining", "answer_start": 1493}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "announced in 2009 its interest ", "answer_start": 1535}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "2009 its interest in joining the contes", "answer_start": 1548}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " announced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition. However, this did not materialise,", "answer_start": 1534}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did they say that?", "answers": [{"text": "2009", "answer_span": "Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 i", "answer_start": 1511}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "The Gulf state of Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 its interest", "answer_start": 1493}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "2009", "answer_start": 1548}, {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "2009 ", "answer_start": 1548}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2009", "answer_span": "Qatar, in Western Asia, announced in 2009 i", "answer_start": 1511}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When will they be allowed in?", "answers": [{"text": "2011", "answer_span": "nnounced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition", "answer_start": 1536}, {"text": "There are no known plans for a future Qatari entry.", "answer_span": " and there are no known plans for a future Qatari entry the Eurovision Song Contest.", "answer_start": 1653}, {"text": "there are no known plans", "answer_span": "there are no known plans", "answer_start": 1658}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "nnounced in 2009 its interest in joining the contest in time for the 2011 edition", "answer_start": 1536}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Can you watch the contest in Australia?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ustralia, where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970", "answer_start": 1739}, {"text": "Yes.", "answer_span": "Australia, where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s", "answer_start": 1738}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Australia, where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s,", "answer_start": 1738}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Australia, where the contest has been broadcast", "answer_start": 1738}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ustralia, where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970", "answer_start": 1739}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Since when?", "answers": [{"text": "1970s,", "answer_span": "where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s,", "answer_start": 1749}, {"text": "The 1970s", "answer_span": "been broadcast since the 1970s", "answer_start": 1771}, {"text": "the 1970s", "answer_span": "the 1970s", "answer_start": 1792}, {"text": "1970s", "answer_span": "1970s", "answer_start": 1796}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1970s,", "answer_span": "where the contest has been broadcast since the 1970s,", "answer_start": 1749}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did this competition first happen?", "answers": [{"text": "1956", "answer_span": " started in 1956", "answer_start": 77}, {"text": "1956.", "answer_span": " it started in 1956. ", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "1956", "answer_span": "1956", "answer_start": 89}, {"text": "1956", "answer_span": "1956", "answer_start": 89}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1956", "answer_span": " started in 1956", "answer_start": 77}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Have over 100 countries taken part?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Fifty-two countries have participated ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": "Fifty-two countries have participated", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Fifty-two countries", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Fifty-two countries", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Fifty-two countries have participated ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it held every month?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " is held annually ", "answer_start": 204}, {"text": "No.", "answer_span": ", is held annually", "answer_start": 203}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " is held annually ", "answer_start": 204}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "annually ", "answer_start": 213}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " is held annually ", "answer_start": 204}, "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3uouji6mtdeliyktz3xanbg0bugxuy"}], "section_title": "List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest", "background": "List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest", "title": "List of countries in the Eurovision Song Contest"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Futsal, (literally \"mini-football\", \"futebol de sal\u00e3o\" i.e. \"big room soccer\"), is a variant of association football played on a hard court, smaller than a football pitch, and mainly indoors. It can be considered a version of five-a-side football. \n\nFutsal is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom is the goalkeeper. Unlimited substitutions are permitted. Unlike some other forms of indoor football, the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines; walls or boards are not used. Futsal is also played with a smaller ball. The surface, ball, and rules create an emphasis on improvisation, creativity, and technique as well as ball control and passing in small spaces. \n\n\"Futsal\" comes from Spanish \"f\u00fatbol sala or f\u00fatbol de sal\u00f3n\" and from Portuguese \"futebol de sal\u00e3o\". The term is commonly translated as \"indoor football\" but a more literal translation is \"hall/lounge football\". During the sport's second world championships held in Madrid in 1985, the Spanish name \"f\u00fatbol sala\" was used. Since then, all other names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\". The naming was due to a dispute between FIFUSA (the predecessor to the AMF) and FIFA over the name of \"f\u00fatbol\", FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985 (Madrid, Spain). Since then FIFA has also started using the term futsal. The name has been translated into Italian as \"calcio a 5\" or \"football sala\", and French as \"football de salle\".", "qas": [{"question": "Futsal What languages does the word futsal come from?", "answers": [{"text": "Spanish and Portuguese", "answer_span": "\"Futsal\" comes from Spanish \"f\u00fatbol sala or f\u00fatbol de sal\u00f3n\" and from Portuguese \"futebol de sal\u00e3o\". ", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "spanish", "answer_span": "\"Futsal\" comes from Spanish", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "Spanish", "answer_span": "\"Futsal\" comes from Spanish", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "Spanish", "answer_span": "\"Futsal\" comes from Spanish \"f\u00fatbol sala or f\u00fatbol de sal\u00f3n", "answer_start": 704}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Spanish and Portuguese", "answer_span": "\"Futsal\" comes from Spanish \"f\u00fatbol sala or f\u00fatbol de sal\u00f3n\" and from Portuguese \"futebol de sal\u00e3o\". ", "answer_start": 704}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the translation in English?", "answers": [{"text": "big room soccer", "answer_span": "tsal, (literally \"mini-football\", \"futebol de sal\u00e3o\" i.e. \"big room soccer\")", "answer_start": 2}, {"text": "mini-football", "answer_span": "Futsal, (literally \"mini-football\"", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "indoor football", "answer_span": "The term is commonly translated as \"indoor football\"", "answer_start": 805}, {"text": "indoor football", "answer_span": "The term is commonly translated as \"indoor football\"", "answer_start": 805}], "orig_answer": {"text": "big room soccer", "answer_span": "tsal, (literally \"mini-football\", \"futebol de sal\u00e3o\" i.e. \"big room soccer\")", "answer_start": 2}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What ground is it played on?", "answers": [{"text": "a hard court surface", "answer_span": "Unlike some other forms of indoor football, the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines", "answer_start": 377}, {"text": "a hard court,", "answer_span": "is a variant of association football played on a hard court,", "answer_start": 80}, {"text": "a hard court", "answer_span": " played on a hard court", "answer_start": 116}, {"text": "a hard court,", "answer_span": " played on a hard court,", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a hard court surface", "answer_span": "Unlike some other forms of indoor football, the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines", "answer_start": 377}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people are on a side?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": " It can be considered a version of five-a-side football. ", "answer_start": 191}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "It can be considered a version of five-a-side football.", "answer_start": 192}, {"text": "five", "answer_span": "of five players each", "answer_start": 285}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "Futsal is played between two teams of five players each", "answer_start": 250}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": " It can be considered a version of five-a-side football. ", "answer_start": 191}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "With one playing what position?", "answers": [{"text": "goalkeeper.", "answer_span": "Futsal is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom is the goalkeeper.", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "goalkeeper.", "answer_span": "Futsal is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom is the goalkeeper.", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "the goalkeeper", "answer_span": "one of whom is the goalkeeper", "answer_start": 307}, {"text": "goalkeeper.", "answer_span": "one of whom is the goalkeeper.", "answer_start": 307}], "orig_answer": {"text": "goalkeeper.", "answer_span": "Futsal is played between two teams of five players each, one of whom is the goalkeeper.", "answer_start": 250}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the French version of the word?", "answers": [{"text": "\"football de salle\".", "answer_span": "French as \"football de salle\".", "answer_start": 1433}, {"text": "\"football de salle\".", "answer_span": "and French as \"football de salle\".", "answer_start": 1429}, {"text": "football de salle", "answer_span": " French as \"football de salle\"", "answer_start": 1432}, {"text": "football de salle", "answer_span": " and French as \"football de salle\".", "answer_start": 1428}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"football de salle\".", "answer_span": "French as \"football de salle\".", "answer_start": 1433}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it called in 1985?", "answers": [{"text": "\"f\u00fatbol sala\"", "answer_span": "During the sport's second world championships held in Madrid in 1985, the Spanish name \"f\u00fatbol sala\" was used. ", "answer_start": 916}, {"text": "futbol sala", "answer_span": "During the sport's second world championships held in Madrid in 1985, the Spanish name \"f\u00fatbol sala\" was used.", "answer_start": 916}, {"text": "\"f\u00fatbol sala\"", "answer_span": "in 1985, the Spanish name \"f\u00fatbol sala\"", "answer_start": 977}, {"text": "f\u00fatbol sala", "answer_span": "1985, the Spanish name \"f\u00fatbol sala\" was used.", "answer_start": 980}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"f\u00fatbol sala\"", "answer_span": "During the sport's second world championships held in Madrid in 1985, the Spanish name \"f\u00fatbol sala\" was used. ", "answer_start": 916}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened to its name after that?", "answers": [{"text": "changed to \"futsal\".", "answer_span": "Since then, all other names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\".", "answer_start": 1027}, {"text": "changed to \"futsal\"", "answer_span": "Since then, all other names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\".", "answer_start": 1027}, {"text": "it was changed to \"futsal\"", "answer_span": " names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\"", "answer_start": 1048}, {"text": "all other names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\"", "answer_span": "Since then, all other names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\"", "answer_start": 1027}], "orig_answer": {"text": "changed to \"futsal\".", "answer_span": "Since then, all other names have been officially and internationally changed to \"futsal\".", "answer_start": 1027}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it registered by an organization?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985 (Madrid, Spain).", "answer_start": 1228}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985 (Madrid, Spain)", "answer_start": 1229}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985", "answer_start": 1229}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The naming was due to a dispute between FIFUS", "answer_start": 1117}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985 (Madrid, Spain).", "answer_start": 1228}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which one?", "answers": [{"text": "FIFUSA", "answer_span": " FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985 (Madrid, Spain).", "answer_start": 1228}, {"text": "FIFUSA", "answer_span": "FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\"", "answer_start": 1229}, {"text": "FIFUSA", "answer_span": "FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal", "answer_start": 1229}, {"text": "FIFUSA", "answer_span": " FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\"", "answer_start": 1228}], "orig_answer": {"text": "FIFUSA", "answer_span": " FIFUSA has registered the word \"fut-sal\" in 1985 (Madrid, Spain).", "answer_start": 1228}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What word in the name was there a controversy over?", "answers": [{"text": "\"f\u00fatbol\",", "answer_span": " The naming was due to a dispute between FIFUSA (the predecessor to the AMF) and FIFA over the name of \"f\u00fatbol\", ", "answer_start": 1116}, {"text": "futbol", "answer_span": "The naming was due to a dispute between FIFUSA (the predecessor to the AMF) and FIFA over the name of \"f\u00fatbol\"", "answer_start": 1117}, {"text": "\"f\u00fatbol\"", "answer_span": " a dispute between FIFUSA (the predecessor to the AMF) and FIFA over the name of \"f\u00fatbol\"", "answer_start": 1138}, {"text": "futsal", "answer_span": "Since then FIFA has also started using the term futsal", "answer_start": 1295}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"f\u00fatbol\",", "answer_span": " The naming was due to a dispute between FIFUSA (the predecessor to the AMF) and FIFA over the name of \"f\u00fatbol\", ", "answer_start": 1116}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does the floor have no markings where this game is played?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": " the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines", "answer_start": 420}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines", "answer_start": 421}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "a hard court surface delimited by lines; ", "answer_start": 443}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "delimited by lines", "answer_start": 464}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": " the game is played on a hard court surface delimited by lines", "answer_start": 420}, "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "38bquhla9w0fbh1spajsdo8dm42mok"}], "section_title": "Futsal", "background": "Futsal", "title": "Futsal"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language native to the Indian state of Gujarat. It is part of the greater Indo-European language family. Gujarati is descended from Old Gujarati (\"circa\" 1100\u20131500\u00a0AD). In India, it is the official language in the state of Gujarat, as well as an official language in the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli. Gujarati is the language of the Gujjars, who had ruled Rajputana and Punjab. \n\nAccording to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 4.5% of the Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion according to the 2011 census) speaks Gujarati, which amounts to 46\u00a0million speakers in India. There are about 50\u00a0million speakers of Gujarati worldwide, making it the 26th-most-spoken native language in the world. Gujarati was the first language of Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. \n\nGujarati (also sometimes spelled \"Gujerati\", \"Gujarathi\", \"Guzratee\", \"Guujaratee\", \"Gujarati\", \"Gujrathi\", and \"Gujerathi\") is a modern IA (Indo-Aryan) language evolved from Sanskrit. The traditional practice is to differentiate the IA languages on the basis of three historical stages: Another view postulates successive family tree splits, in which Gujarati is assumed to have separated from other IA languages in four stages: \n\nThe principal changes from Sanskrit are the following: \n\nGujarati is then customarily divided into the following three historical stages:", "qas": [{"question": "Gujarati language What is descended from an old language?", "answers": [{"text": "Gujarati", "answer_span": "Gujarati is descended from Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "Gujarati", "answer_span": "Gujarati", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "Gujarati", "answer_span": "Gujarati is descended from Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "Gujarati", "answer_span": "Gujarati", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Gujarati", "answer_span": "Gujarati is descended from Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 131}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the old language called?", "answers": [{"text": "Old Gujarati", "answer_span": "descended from Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 143}, {"text": "Old Gujarati", "answer_span": "Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 158}, {"text": "Old Gujarati", "answer_span": "Gujarati is descended from Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 131}, {"text": "Old Gujarati", "answer_span": "Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Old Gujarati", "answer_span": "descended from Old Gujarati", "answer_start": 143}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it around?", "answers": [{"text": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_span": "Old Gujarati (\"circa\" 1100\u20131500\u00a0AD)", "answer_start": 158}, {"text": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_span": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 180}, {"text": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_span": "Old Gujarati (\"circa\" 1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 158}, {"text": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_span": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_start": 180}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1100\u20131500\u00a0AD", "answer_span": "Old Gujarati (\"circa\" 1100\u20131500\u00a0AD)", "answer_start": 158}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is it the official language?", "answers": [{"text": "it is the official language in the state of Gujarat", "answer_span": ", it is the official language in the state of Gujarat", "answer_start": 203}, {"text": "Gujarat", "answer_span": "Gujarat", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "Gujarat", "answer_span": " it is the official language in the state of Gujarat", "answer_start": 204}, {"text": "the state of Gujarat", "answer_span": "the state of Gujarat", "answer_start": 236}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it is the official language in the state of Gujarat", "answer_span": ", it is the official language in the state of Gujarat", "answer_start": 203}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where else?", "answers": [{"text": "in the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_span": "as well as an official language in the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_start": 258}, {"text": "Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_span": "Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_start": 318}, {"text": "Daman", "answer_span": " as well as an official language in the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_start": 257}, {"text": "territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_span": " territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_start": 302}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_span": "as well as an official language in the union territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli", "answer_start": 258}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Whta kind of language is it?", "answers": [{"text": "it is an Indo-Aryan language", "answer_span": "Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "an Indo-Aryan language", "answer_span": "an Indo-Aryan language", "answer_start": 12}, {"text": "a modern IA language", "answer_span": " is a modern IA (Indo-Aryan) language", "answer_start": 950}, {"text": "Indo-Aryan", "answer_span": "Indo-Aryan ", "answer_start": 15}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it is an Indo-Aryan language", "answer_span": "Gujarati is an Indo-Aryan language", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What language family is it a part of?", "answers": [{"text": "Indo-European language family.", "answer_span": "Indo-European language family. ", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "the greater Indo-European language family", "answer_span": "the greater Indo-European language family", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "Sanskrit", "answer_span": "is a modern IA (Indo-Aryan) language evolved from Sanskrit", "answer_start": 951}, {"text": "Indo-European", "answer_span": " Indo-European", "answer_start": 99}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Indo-European language family.", "answer_span": "Indo-European language family. ", "answer_start": 100}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who spoke this language?", "answers": [{"text": "the Gujjars", "answer_span": ". Gujarati is the language of the Gujjars, who had ruled Rajputana and Punjab. ", "answer_start": 358}, {"text": "the Gujjars", "answer_span": "the Gujjars", "answer_start": 388}, {"text": "4.5% of the Indian population", "answer_span": "4.5% of the Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion according to the 2011 census) speaks Gujarati,", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "Gujjars", "answer_span": "Gujjars", "answer_start": 392}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Gujjars", "answer_span": ". Gujarati is the language of the Gujjars, who had ruled Rajputana and Punjab. ", "answer_start": 358}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What percent of the indian population speaks it?", "answers": [{"text": "4.5%", "answer_span": "According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 4.5% of the Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion according to the 2011 census) speaks Gujarati,", "answer_start": 439}, {"text": "4.5%", "answer_span": "4.5% ", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "4.5%", "answer_span": " 4.5% of the Indian population", "answer_start": 490}, {"text": "4.5%", "answer_span": "4.5%", "answer_start": 491}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4.5%", "answer_span": "According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 4.5% of the Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion according to the 2011 census) speaks Gujarati,", "answer_start": 439}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "According to who?", "answers": [{"text": "the CIA", "answer_span": "According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA", "answer_start": 439}, {"text": "the Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "the Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_start": 452}, {"text": "the CIA", "answer_span": "According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), 4.5% of the Indian population", "answer_start": 439}, {"text": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_start": 456}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the CIA", "answer_span": "According to the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA", "answer_start": 439}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does that stand for?", "answers": [{"text": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)", "answer_start": 452}, {"text": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)", "answer_start": 456}, {"text": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_start": 456}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Central Intelligence Agency", "answer_span": "the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)", "answer_start": 452}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How else is Gujarati spelled?", "answers": [{"text": "Gujarathi", "answer_span": "Gujarathi", "answer_start": 872}, {"text": "\"Gujerati\", \"Gujarathi\", \"Guzratee\", \"Guujaratee\", \"Gujarati\", \"Gujrathi\", and \"Gujerathi\"", "answer_span": "\"Gujerati\", \"Gujarathi\", \"Guzratee\", \"Guujaratee\", \"Gujarati\", \"Gujrathi\", and \"Gujerathi\"", "answer_start": 859}, {"text": "Gujerati", "answer_span": "Gujarati (also sometimes spelled \"Gujerati\"", "answer_start": 826}, {"text": "\"Gujerati\", \"Gujarathi\", \"Guzratee\", \"Guujaratee\", \"Gujarati\", \"Gujrathi\", and \"Gujerathi\"", "answer_span": "\"Gujerati\", \"Gujarathi\", \"Guzratee\", \"Guujaratee\", \"Gujarati\", \"Gujrathi\", and \"Gujerathi\"", "answer_start": 859}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Gujarathi", "answer_span": "Gujarathi", "answer_start": 872}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What number of people speak it?", "answers": [{"text": "46\u00a0million speakers", "answer_span": " which amounts to 46\u00a0million speakers in India.", "answer_start": 581}, {"text": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_span": "about 50\u00a0million ", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_span": "There are about 50\u00a0million speakers of Gujarati worldwide", "answer_start": 629}, {"text": "50\u00a0million", "answer_span": "50\u00a0million", "answer_start": 645}], "orig_answer": {"text": "46\u00a0million speakers", "answer_span": " which amounts to 46\u00a0million speakers in India.", "answer_start": 581}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "According to what census?", "answers": [{"text": "according to the 2011 census", "answer_span": "according to the 2011 census)", "answer_start": 535}, {"text": "the 2011 census", "answer_span": "the 2011 census", "answer_start": 548}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "2011", "answer_span": "2011", "answer_start": 552}], "orig_answer": {"text": "according to the 2011 census", "answer_span": "according to the 2011 census)", "answer_start": 535}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the population of India?", "answers": [{"text": "1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_span": " of the Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_start": 495}, {"text": "1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_span": "1.21\u00a0billion ", "answer_start": 522}, {"text": "1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_span": "Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_start": 503}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_span": " of the Indian population (1.21\u00a0billion", "answer_start": 495}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many speakers of it are there worldwide?", "answers": [{"text": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_span": " about 50\u00a0million speakers of Gujarati worldwide", "answer_start": 638}, {"text": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_span": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_start": 639}, {"text": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_span": "There are about 50\u00a0million speakers of Gujarati worldwide,", "answer_start": 629}, {"text": "50\u00a0million", "answer_span": "50\u00a0million speakers of Gujarati worldwide", "answer_start": 645}], "orig_answer": {"text": "about 50\u00a0million", "answer_span": " about 50\u00a0million speakers of Gujarati worldwide", "answer_start": 638}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does it rank in most spoken language?", "answers": [{"text": "26th", "answer_span": "making it the 26th-most-spoken native language", "answer_start": 688}, {"text": "the 26th-most-spoken native language", "answer_span": "the 26th-most-spoken native language", "answer_start": 698}, {"text": "26th", "answer_span": "making it the 26th-most-spoken native language in the world", "answer_start": 688}, {"text": "26th-most-spoken", "answer_span": " 26th-most-spoken ", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "26th", "answer_span": "making it the 26th-most-spoken native language", "answer_start": 688}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who specifically spoke it?", "answers": [{"text": "Mahatma Gandhi", "answer_span": "Gujarati was the first language of Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. ", "answer_start": 749}, {"text": "Mahatma Gandhi", "answer_span": " Mahatma Gandhi ", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "Mahatma Gandhi", "answer_span": "Gujarati was the first language of Mahatma Gandhi", "answer_start": 749}, {"text": "Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "answer_span": "Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "answer_start": 784}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mahatma Gandhi", "answer_span": "Gujarati was the first language of Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. ", "answer_start": 749}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Anyone else?", "answers": [{"text": "Muhammad Ali Jinnah.", "answer_span": "first language of Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. ", "answer_start": 766}, {"text": "Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "answer_span": " Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "answer_start": 802}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. ", "answer_start": 783}, {"text": "Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "answer_span": "Muhammad Ali Jinnah", "answer_start": 803}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Muhammad Ali Jinnah.", "answer_span": "first language of Mahatma Gandhi and Muhammad Ali Jinnah. ", "answer_start": 766}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many historical stages is it divided into?", "answers": [{"text": "three", "answer_span": " IA languages on the basis of three historical stages", "answer_start": 1059}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": "on the basis of three historical stages", "answer_start": 1073}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": " three historical stages", "answer_start": 1088}, {"text": "three", "answer_span": " three", "answer_start": 1370}], "orig_answer": {"text": "three", "answer_span": " IA languages on the basis of three historical stages", "answer_start": 1059}, "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3300dtyqt2hkk5mvnpndply4sz7qed"}], "section_title": "Gujarati language", "background": "Gujarati language", "title": "Gujarati language"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; ; '), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states based on the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949. \n\nNATO constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defence in response to an attack by any external party. Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states. NATO Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, while the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. \n\nNATO is an alliance that consists of 29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs. The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total. Members' defense spending is supposed to amount to at least 2% of GDP. \n\nNATO was little more than a political association until the Korean War galvanized the organization's member states, and an integrated military structure was built up under the direction of two US Supreme Commanders. The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, that formed in 1955. Doubts over the strength of the relationship between the European states and the United States ebbed and flowed, along with doubts over the credibility of the NATO defense against a prospective Soviet invasion\u2014doubts that led to the development of the independent French nuclear deterrent and the withdrawal of France from NATO's military structure in 1966 for 30 years. After the fall of the Berlin Wall in Germany in 1989, the organization became involved in the breakup of Yugoslavia, and conducted its first military interventions in Bosnia from 1992 to 1995 and later Yugoslavia in 1999. Politically, the organization sought better relations with former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "qas": [{"question": "NATO What does NATO stand for", "answers": [{"text": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "answer_span": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "answer_span": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "answer_span": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; ; '), ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "answer_span": "North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "answer_start": 4}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization", "answer_span": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What else can it be called", "answers": [{"text": "North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_span": "also called the North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_start": 53}, {"text": "North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_span": "also called the North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_start": 53}, {"text": "North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_span": "also called the North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_start": 53}, {"text": "North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_span": " North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_start": 68}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_span": "also called the North Atlantic Alliance", "answer_start": 53}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is it", "answers": [{"text": "a military alliance", "answer_span": " the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states based on the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949. ", "answer_start": 64}, {"text": "intergovernmental military alliance", "answer_span": "The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO ; ; '), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "an intergovernmental military alliance", "answer_span": " is an intergovernmental military alliance", "answer_start": 93}, {"text": "is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states", "answer_span": "is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states", "answer_start": 94}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a military alliance", "answer_span": " the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states based on the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949. ", "answer_start": 64}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "between who", "answers": [{"text": "North American and European states", "answer_span": "an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states", "answer_start": 97}, {"text": "between several North American and European states", "answer_span": "North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "several North American and European states", "answer_span": "between several North American and European states", "answer_start": 136}, {"text": "between several North American and European states", "answer_span": "between several North American and European states", "answer_start": 136}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North American and European states", "answer_span": "an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states", "answer_start": 97}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it signed", "answers": [{"text": "4\u00a0April 1949.", "answer_span": "was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949. ", "answer_start": 227}, {"text": "4\u00a0April 1949.", "answer_span": "North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between several North American and European states based on the North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949. ", "answer_start": 69}, {"text": "4\u00a0April 1949", "answer_span": "North Atlantic Treaty that was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949", "answer_start": 200}, {"text": "4\u00a0April 1949", "answer_span": " 4\u00a0April 1949", "answer_start": 240}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4\u00a0April 1949.", "answer_span": "was signed on 4\u00a0April 1949. ", "answer_start": 227}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who are the permanent members of NATO", "answers": [{"text": "the United States, France and the United Kingdom", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council ", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "the United States, France and the United Kingdom", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "United States, France and the United Kingdom", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "the United States, France and the United Kingdom", "answer_span": "the United States, France and the United Kingdom", "answer_start": 423}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the United States, France and the United Kingdom", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council ", "answer_start": 403}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what power do they have", "answers": [{"text": "veto", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto ", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "veto", "answer_span": "the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto", "answer_start": 423}, {"text": "power to veto", "answer_span": " (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto ", "answer_start": 421}, {"text": "veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states", "answer_span": "veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states", "answer_start": 552}], "orig_answer": {"text": "veto", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto ", "answer_start": 403}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do they have nuclear weapons", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states.", "answer_start": 472}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Three NATO members (the United States, France and the United Kingdom) are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states.", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "and are officially nuclear-weapon states", "answer_start": 557}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "are officially nuclear-weapon states.", "answer_start": 561}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " are permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and are officially nuclear-weapon states.", "answer_start": 472}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where are the headquarters of NATO", "answers": [{"text": "Haren, Brussels, Belgium", "answer_span": "Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, while the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. ", "answer_start": 604}, {"text": "NATO Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium and Mons", "answer_span": "NATO Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium,", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "Haren, Brussels, Belgium", "answer_span": "NATO Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "Haren, Brussels, Belgium", "answer_span": "Haren, Brussels, Belgium", "answer_start": 632}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Haren, Brussels, Belgium", "answer_span": "Headquarters are located in Haren, Brussels, Belgium, while the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. ", "answer_start": 604}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is the ACOs", "answers": [{"text": "near Mons, Belgium.", "answer_span": "the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. \n", "answer_start": 664}, {"text": "near Mons, Belgium.", "answer_span": "Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. ", "answer_start": 684}, {"text": "Mons, Belgium", "answer_span": " the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium", "answer_start": 663}, {"text": "near Mons, Belgium", "answer_span": "near Mons, Belgium", "answer_start": 713}], "orig_answer": {"text": "near Mons, Belgium.", "answer_span": "the headquarters of Allied Command Operations is near Mons, Belgium. \n", "answer_start": 664}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many independent countries are in NATO", "answers": [{"text": "29", "answer_span": "consists of 29 independent member countries ", "answer_start": 760}, {"text": "29", "answer_span": "NATO is an alliance that consists of 29 independent member countries", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "29", "answer_span": "NATO is an alliance that consists of 29 independent member countries", "answer_start": 735}, {"text": "29", "answer_span": "29", "answer_start": 772}], "orig_answer": {"text": "29", "answer_span": "consists of 29 independent member countries ", "answer_start": 760}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many additional for peace program", "answers": [{"text": "21", "answer_span": " An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program,", "answer_start": 836}, {"text": "21", "answer_span": "An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program", "answer_start": 837}, {"text": "21", "answer_span": "An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program", "answer_start": 837}, {"text": "21", "answer_span": "21\u00a0", "answer_start": 851}], "orig_answer": {"text": "21", "answer_span": " An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program,", "answer_start": 836}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many for dialogue", "answers": [{"text": "15", "answer_span": " 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs", "answer_start": 921}, {"text": "15", "answer_span": "with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs", "answer_start": 917}, {"text": "15", "answer_span": "with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs", "answer_start": 917}, {"text": "15", "answer_span": "15", "answer_start": 922}], "orig_answer": {"text": "15", "answer_span": " 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs", "answer_start": 921}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "So how many altogether", "answers": [{"text": "65", "answer_span": "29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs.", "answer_start": 772}, {"text": "65", "answer_span": " 29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs.", "answer_start": 771}, {"text": "65", "answer_span": "29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15\u00a0other countries", "answer_start": 772}, {"text": "65", "answer_span": "NATO is an alliance that consists of 29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs.", "answer_start": 735}], "orig_answer": {"text": "65", "answer_span": "29 independent member countries across North America and Europe. An additional 21\u00a0countries participate in NATO's Partnership for Peace program, with 15\u00a0other countries involved in institutionalized dialogue programs.", "answer_start": 772}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how much do they spend on military out of all the money", "answers": [{"text": "over 70%", "answer_span": "The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total.", "answer_start": 990}, {"text": "over 70% of the global total", "answer_span": "The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total", "answer_start": 990}, {"text": "at least 2% of GDP.", "answer_span": "Members' defense spending is supposed to amount to at least 2% of GDP. ", "answer_start": 1083}, {"text": "over 70%", "answer_span": "over 70%", "answer_start": 1053}], "orig_answer": {"text": "over 70%", "answer_span": "The combined military spending of all NATO members constitutes over 70% of the global total.", "answer_start": 990}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what war led to a rivalry", "answers": [{"text": "the Cold War", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, ", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "the Cold War", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "the Cold War", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact,", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "Korean War", "answer_span": "Korean War", "answer_start": 1216}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Cold War", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, ", "answer_start": 1372}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "with what nations", "answers": [{"text": "nations of the Warsaw Pac", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pac", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "European states and the United States", "answer_span": "Doubts over the strength of the relationship between the European states and the United States ebbed and flowed, along with doubts over the credibility of the NATO defense against a prospective Soviet invasion", "answer_start": 1470}, {"text": "the Warsaw Pact", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "of the Warsaw Pact", "answer_span": " of the Warsaw Pact", "answer_start": 1428}], "orig_answer": {"text": "nations of the Warsaw Pac", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pac", "answer_start": 1372}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in what year", "answers": [{"text": "1955", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, that formed in 1955. ", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "1955", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, that formed in 1955.", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "1955", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, that formed in 1955", "answer_start": 1372}, {"text": "1955", "answer_span": "1955", "answer_start": 1464}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1955", "answer_span": "The course of the Cold War led to a rivalry with nations of the Warsaw Pact, that formed in 1955. ", "answer_start": 1372}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did some of those nations ever join NATO", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Politically, the organization sought better relations with former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 200", "answer_start": 2063}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Politically, the organization sought better relations with former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2063}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2122}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " of France from NATO's military structure", "answer_start": 1777}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Politically, the organization sought better relations with former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 200", "answer_start": 2063}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what years", "answers": [{"text": "1999 and 2004.", "answer_span": "former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2122}, {"text": "1999 and 2004", "answer_span": "Politically, the organization sought better relations with former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2063}, {"text": "1999 and 2004", "answer_span": "former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2122}, {"text": "1999 and 2004.", "answer_span": "1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2192}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1999 and 2004.", "answer_span": "former Warsaw Pact countries, several of which joined the alliance in 1999 and 2004.", "answer_start": 2122}, "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3vd82fohkqo22vp1clpeas31spqcoi"}], "section_title": "NATO", "background": "NATO", "title": "NATO"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "In modern molecular biology and genetics, the genome is the genetic material of an organism. It consists of DNA (or RNA in RNA viruses). The genome includes both the genes and the non-coding sequences of the DNA/RNA. \n\nThe term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany. The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existed\u2014such as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically. \n\nSome organisms have multiple copies of chromosomes: diploid, triploid, tetraploid and so on. In classical genetics, in a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya) the gamete has half the number of chromosomes of the somatic cell and the genome is a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell. The halving of the genetic material in gametes is accomplished by the segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis. In haploid organisms, including cells of bacteria, archaea, and in organelles including mitochondria and chloroplasts, or viruses, that similarly contain genes, the single or set of circular or linear chains of DNA (or RNA for some viruses), likewise constitute the genome. The term genome can be applied specifically to mean what is stored on a complete set of nuclear DNA (i.e., the \"nuclear genome\") but can also be applied to what is stored within organelles that contain their own DNA, as with the \"mitochondrial genome\" or the \"chloroplast genome\". Additionally, the genome can comprise non-chromosomal genetic elements such as viruses, plasmids, and transposable elements.", "qas": [{"question": "Genome Who created the term DNA?", "answers": [{"text": "Hans Winkler", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "Hans Winkler", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "Hans Winkler,", "answer_span": "DNA/RNA. \n\nThe term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler,", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "Hans Winkler", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Hans Winkler", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is a genome?", "answers": [{"text": "a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell", "answer_span": "the genome is a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell", "answer_start": 831}, {"text": "the genetic material of an organism", "answer_span": "the genome is the genetic material of an organism", "answer_start": 42}, {"text": "a blend of the words gene and chromosome.", "answer_span": " suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome. However, see omics for a more thorough discussion. A few related -ome words already existed\u2014such as biome, rhizome, forming a vocabulary into which genome fits systematically. ", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "the genetic material of an organism", "answer_span": " the genome is the genetic material of an organism", "answer_start": 41}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell", "answer_span": "the genome is a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell", "answer_start": 831}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did Hans create the term?", "answers": [{"text": "1920", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "1920", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "1920", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1920", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler", "answer_start": 219}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was his profession?", "answers": [{"text": ", professor of botany", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany", "answer_start": 219}, {"text": "professor", "answer_span": " Hans Winkler, professor of botany ", "answer_start": 250}, {"text": "professor of botany at the University of Hamburg", "answer_span": "Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg", "answer_start": 251}, {"text": "professor", "answer_span": "professor ", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": ", professor of botany", "answer_span": "The term was created in 1920 by Hans Winkler, professor of botany", "answer_start": 219}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where?", "answers": [{"text": "University of Hamburg,", "answer_span": "professor of botany at the University of Hamburg,", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "University of Hamburg", "answer_span": " professor of botany at the University of Hamburg", "answer_start": 264}, {"text": "University of Hamburg, Germany.", "answer_span": "Hans Winkler, professor of botany at the University of Hamburg, Germany.", "answer_start": 251}, {"text": "the University of Hamburg", "answer_span": " the University of Hamburg", "answer_start": 287}], "orig_answer": {"text": "University of Hamburg,", "answer_span": "professor of botany at the University of Hamburg,", "answer_start": 265}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is that located?", "answers": [{"text": "Germany", "answer_span": " University of Hamburg, Germany", "answer_start": 291}, {"text": "Germany", "answer_span": " the University of Hamburg, Germany", "answer_start": 287}, {"text": "Germany", "answer_span": "University of Hamburg, Germany", "answer_start": 292}, {"text": "Germany", "answer_span": "Germany", "answer_start": 315}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Germany", "answer_span": " University of Hamburg, Germany", "answer_start": 291}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does the name originate, what two words make up the name?", "answers": [{"text": "gene and chromosome", "answer_span": "The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome", "answer_start": 324}, {"text": "gene and chromosome.", "answer_span": "The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome.", "answer_start": 324}, {"text": "gene and chromosome", "answer_span": "a blend of the words gene and chromosome", "answer_start": 370}, {"text": "gene and chromosome", "answer_span": "blend of the words gene and chromosome", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "gene and chromosome", "answer_span": "The Oxford Dictionary suggests the name to be a blend of the words gene and chromosome", "answer_start": 324}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Name some organisms that have multiple copies of chromosomes", "answers": [{"text": "diploid, triploid, tetraploid", "answer_span": "diploid, triploid, tetraploid", "answer_start": 642}, {"text": "diploid, triploid, tetraploid", "answer_span": "Some organisms have multiple copies of chromosomes: diploid, triploid, tetraploid ", "answer_start": 590}, {"text": "diploid, triploid, tetraploid", "answer_span": "ome organisms have multiple copies of chromosomes: diploid, triploid, tetraploid and so on.", "answer_start": 591}, {"text": "eukarya", "answer_span": "eukarya", "answer_start": 752}], "orig_answer": {"text": "diploid, triploid, tetraploid", "answer_span": "diploid, triploid, tetraploid", "answer_start": 642}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In eukarya, compared to a diploid cell, how many chromosomes does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "half", "answer_span": ") the gamete has half the number of chromosomes ", "answer_start": 759}, {"text": "half", "answer_span": "(typically eukarya) the gamete has half the number of chromosomes ", "answer_start": 741}, {"text": "half the number", "answer_span": ". In classical genetics, in a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya) the gamete has half the number of chromosomes of the somatic cell and the genome is a full set of chromosomes in a diploid cell", "answer_start": 681}, {"text": "half the number of chromosomes", "answer_span": "half the number of chromosomes ", "answer_start": 776}], "orig_answer": {"text": "half", "answer_span": ") the gamete has half the number of chromosomes ", "answer_start": 759}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is eukarya?", "answers": [{"text": "a sexually reproducing organism", "answer_span": ", in a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya", "answer_start": 704}, {"text": "a sexually reproducing organism", "answer_span": " a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya", "answer_start": 708}, {"text": "a sexually reproducing organism", "answer_span": "in a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya", "answer_start": 706}, {"text": "sexually reproducing organism", "answer_span": "sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya", "answer_start": 711}], "orig_answer": {"text": "a sexually reproducing organism", "answer_span": ", in a sexually reproducing organism (typically eukarya", "answer_start": 704}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does the halving process occur?", "answers": [{"text": "segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_span": "The halving of the genetic material in gametes is accomplished by the segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "the segregation of homologous chromosomes", "answer_span": " The halving of the genetic material in gametes is accomplished by the segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_span": "The halving of the genetic material in gametes is accomplished by the segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_start": 890}, {"text": "by the segregation of homologous chromosomes", "answer_span": "by the segregation of homologous chromosomes ", "answer_start": 953}], "orig_answer": {"text": "segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_span": "The halving of the genetic material in gametes is accomplished by the segregation of homologous chromosomes during meiosis", "answer_start": 890}, "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3z9wi9eozzoatcf20lbme2j8l1kkhs"}], "section_title": "Genome", "background": "Genome", "title": "Genome"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The University of Kansas (KU) is a public research university and the largest in the U.S. state of Kansas. KU branch campuses are located in the towns of Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City, Kansas, with the main campus located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest location in Lawrence. Founded March 21, 1865, the university was opened in 1866, under a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature in 1864 following enabling legislation passed in 1863 under the Kansas State Constitution, adopted two years after the 1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union following a very famous bloody internal civil war known as \"Bleeding Kansas\" during the 1850s. \n\nThe university's Medical Center and University Hospital are located in Kansas City, Kansas. The Edwards Campus is in Overland Park, Kansas, in the Kansas City metropolitan area. There are also educational and research sites in Parsons and Topeka, and branches of the University of Kansas School of Medicine in Wichita and Salina. The university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities.", "qas": [{"question": "University of Kansas what is the highest location in Lawrence?", "answers": [{"text": "Mount Oread", "answer_span": "Mount Oread", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "Mount Oread", "answer_span": "with the main campus located in Lawrence on Mount Oread, the highest location in Lawrence.", "answer_start": 221}, {"text": "Mount Oread", "answer_span": "Mount Oread", "answer_start": 265}, {"text": "Mount Oread", "answer_span": "Mount Oread, the highest location in Lawrence", "answer_start": 265}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mount Oread", "answer_span": "Mount Oread", "answer_start": 265}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was kansas made the 34th state?", "answers": [{"text": "1861", "answer_span": "1861 ", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "after the 1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union", "answer_start": 536}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "1861", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "1861", "answer_span": " the 1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union", "answer_start": 541}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1861", "answer_span": "1861 ", "answer_start": 546}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is KU a private university?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "public", "answer_start": 35}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The University of Kansas (KU) is a public research university ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "(KU) is a public research university", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The University of Kansas (KU) is a public research university", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "public", "answer_start": 35}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it founded?", "answers": [{"text": "1865", "answer_span": "1865", "answer_start": 330}, {"text": "March 21, 1865", "answer_span": "Founded March 21, 1865", "answer_start": 312}, {"text": "March 21, 1865", "answer_span": "March 21, 1865", "answer_start": 320}, {"text": "March 21, 1865", "answer_span": "Founded March 21, 1865", "answer_start": 312}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1865", "answer_span": "1865", "answer_start": 330}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many members are in the Association of American Universities?", "answers": [{"text": "62", "answer_span": "62 ", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "62", "answer_span": "one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities.", "answer_start": 1070}, {"text": "62", "answer_span": "62 ", "answer_start": 1081}, {"text": "62", "answer_span": "62 members of the Association of American Universities", "answer_start": 1081}], "orig_answer": {"text": "62", "answer_span": "62 ", "answer_start": 1081}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does that inlcude KU?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " is one of the 62 members ", "answer_start": 1066}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities.", "answer_start": 1052}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The university is one of the 62 members", "answer_start": 1052}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " The university is one of the 62 members of the Association of American Universities", "answer_start": 1051}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " is one of the 62 members ", "answer_start": 1066}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many places do they have branch campuses?", "answers": [{"text": "five", "answer_span": "Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "KU branch campuses are located in the towns of Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City, Kansas", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "in the towns of Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City", "answer_start": 138}, {"text": "Five", "answer_span": "KU branch campuses are located in the towns of Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City", "answer_start": 107}], "orig_answer": {"text": "five", "answer_span": "Lawrence, Wichita, Overland Park, Salina, and Kansas City", "answer_start": 154}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is the main campus?", "answers": [{"text": "Lawrence", "answer_span": "Lawrence", "answer_start": 253}, {"text": "in Lawrence", "answer_span": " the main campus located in Lawrence", "answer_start": 225}, {"text": "Lawrence", "answer_span": "Lawrence ", "answer_start": 253}, {"text": "Lawrence", "answer_span": "the main campus located in Lawrence", "answer_start": 226}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lawrence", "answer_span": "Lawrence", "answer_start": 253}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who granted their charter?", "answers": [{"text": "Kansas State Legislature", "answer_span": "Kansas State Legislature", "answer_start": 402}, {"text": "Kansas State Legislature", "answer_span": "under a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "the Kansas State Legislature", "answer_span": "the Kansas State Legislature ", "answer_start": 398}, {"text": "the Kansas State Legislature", "answer_span": "a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature", "answer_start": 377}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Kansas State Legislature", "answer_span": "Kansas State Legislature", "answer_start": 402}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "in 1864", "answer_span": " in 1864", "answer_start": 426}, {"text": "in 1864", "answer_span": "under a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature in 1864", "answer_start": 371}, {"text": "1864", "answer_span": "1864 ", "answer_start": 430}, {"text": "1864", "answer_span": "a charter granted by the Kansas State Legislature in 1864", "answer_start": 377}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in 1864", "answer_span": " in 1864", "answer_start": 426}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where is the Edwards Campus?", "answers": [{"text": "in Overland Park", "answer_span": " in Overland Park", "answer_start": 835}, {"text": "in Overland Park", "answer_span": "The Edwards Campus is in Overland Park", "answer_start": 814}, {"text": "Overland Park", "answer_span": "Overland Park", "answer_start": 839}, {"text": "Overland Park", "answer_span": "The Edwards Campus is in Overland Park", "answer_start": 814}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in Overland Park", "answer_span": " in Overland Park", "answer_start": 835}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what sites are in Parsons?", "answers": [{"text": "research sites", "answer_span": "research sites", "answer_start": 931}, {"text": "educational and research", "answer_span": "There are also educational and research sites in Parsons", "answer_start": 900}, {"text": "educational and research sites", "answer_span": "educational and research sites", "answer_start": 915}, {"text": "educational and research sites", "answer_span": "There are also educational and research sites in Parsons", "answer_start": 900}], "orig_answer": {"text": "research sites", "answer_span": "research sites", "answer_start": 931}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did Kansas have its own civil war?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "internal civil war", "answer_start": 656}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "after the 1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union following a very famous bloody internal civil war known as \"Bleeding Kansas\" during the 1850s. \n", "answer_start": 536}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " a very famous bloody internal civil war", "answer_start": 634}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "a very famous bloody internal civil war known as \"Bleeding Kansas\" during the 1850s", "answer_start": 635}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "internal civil war", "answer_start": 656}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what year did that happen?", "answers": [{"text": "during the 1850s", "answer_span": "during the 1850s", "answer_start": 702}, {"text": "during the 1850s", "answer_span": "1861 admission of the former Kansas Territory as the 34th state into the Union following a very famous bloody internal civil war known as \"Bleeding Kansas\" during the 1850s. ", "answer_start": 546}, {"text": "the 1850s", "answer_span": "the 1850s", "answer_start": 709}, {"text": "during the 1850s", "answer_span": "during the 1850s", "answer_start": 702}], "orig_answer": {"text": "during the 1850s", "answer_span": "during the 1850s", "answer_start": 702}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it referred to as?", "answers": [{"text": "Bleeding Kansas", "answer_span": "Bleeding Kansas", "answer_start": 685}, {"text": "Bleeding Kansas", "answer_span": "a very famous bloody internal civil war known as \"Bleeding Kansas\" during the 1850s. \n", "answer_start": 635}, {"text": "\"Bleeding Kansas\"", "answer_span": "\"Bleeding Kansas\"", "answer_start": 684}, {"text": "\"Bleeding Kansas\"", "answer_span": "known as \"Bleeding Kansas\"", "answer_start": 675}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bleeding Kansas", "answer_span": "Bleeding Kansas", "answer_start": 685}, "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ctoc39k37qip3385rpymau1s9p7jf"}], "section_title": "University of Kansas", "background": "University of Kansas", "title": "University of Kansas"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Guam (i/\u02c8\u0261w\u0251\u02d0m/ or /\u02c8\u0261w\u0252m/; Chamorro: Gu\u00e5h\u00e5n;[needs IPA] formally the Territory of Guam) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States. Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean, Guam is one of five American territories with an established civilian government. The capital city is Hag\u00e5t\u00f1a, and the most populous city is Dededo. In 2015, 161,785 people resided on Guam. Guamanians are American citizens by birth. Guam has an area of 544 km2 (210 sq mi) and a density of 297/km\u00b2 (770/sq mi). It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands, and the largest island in Micronesia. Among its municipalities, Mongmong-Toto-Maite has the highest density at 1,425/km\u00b2 (3,691/sq mi), whereas Inarajan and Umatac have the lowest density at 47/km\u00b2 (119/sq mi). The highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 meters (1,332 ft) above sea level. \n\nThe Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago. Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521. Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers, like Diego Luis de San Vitores, a Catholic missionary. Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons. During the Spanish\u2013American War, the United States captured Guam on June 21, 1898. Under the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898. Guam is amongst the seventeen Non-Self-Governing Territories of the United Nations.", "qas": [{"question": "Guam Who is this place a part of?", "answers": [{"text": "United States.", "answer_span": " is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States.", "answer_start": 88}, {"text": "the United States", "answer_span": " the United States", "answer_start": 136}, {"text": "United States", "answer_span": "territory of the United States", "answer_start": 124}, {"text": "United States", "answer_span": " United States", "answer_start": 140}], "orig_answer": {"text": "United States.", "answer_span": " is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States.", "answer_start": 88}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What sea is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": " Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": " Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 183}, {"text": "Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": "ocated in the northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 157}, {"text": "northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": "northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 171}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Pacific Ocean", "answer_span": " Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 155}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which part?", "answers": [{"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": "Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 156}, {"text": "the northwestern", "answer_span": "the northwestern ", "answer_start": 167}, {"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": " Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 155}, {"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": "northwestern", "answer_start": 171}], "orig_answer": {"text": "northwestern", "answer_span": "Located in the northwestern Pacific Ocean", "answer_start": 156}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it the smallest of it's group of islands?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands", "answer_start": 510}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands", "answer_start": 509}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "largest", "answer_start": 520}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is the largest and southernmost of the Mariana Islands", "answer_start": 510}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What are the people there called?", "answers": [{"text": "Chamorros", "answer_span": "The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people", "answer_start": 858}, {"text": "Guamanians", "answer_span": "Guamanians", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "Guamanians", "answer_span": "Guamanians are American citizens", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "Guamanians", "answer_span": "Guamanians", "answer_start": 389}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Chamorros", "answer_span": "The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people", "answer_start": 858}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Are they recently established there?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago", "answer_start": 873}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago", "answer_start": 899}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago.", "answer_start": 858}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago", "answer_start": 898}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago", "answer_start": 873}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did they arrive?", "answers": [{"text": "4,000 years ago", "answer_span": " Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago.", "answer_start": 872}, {"text": "1668", "answer_span": "1668", "answer_start": 1071}, {"text": "4,000 years ago.", "answer_span": "The Chamorros, Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago.", "answer_start": 858}, {"text": "4,000 years ago", "answer_span": "4,000 years ago", "answer_start": 932}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4,000 years ago", "answer_span": " Guam's indigenous people, settled the island approximately 4,000 years ago.", "answer_start": 872}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who was the first person from Europe to see it?", "answers": [{"text": "Ferdinand Magellan", "answer_span": "Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521.", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "Ferdinand Magellan", "answer_span": "Ferdinand Magellan", "answer_start": 969}, {"text": "Ferdinand Magellan", "answer_span": "Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "Ferdinand Magellan", "answer_span": "Ferdinand Magellan ", "answer_start": 969}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ferdinand Magellan", "answer_span": "Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521.", "answer_start": 949}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What year?", "answers": [{"text": "1521", "answer_span": "Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "1521", "answer_span": "1521", "answer_start": 1043}, {"text": "1521", "answer_span": "Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521.", "answer_start": 949}, {"text": "1521", "answer_span": "1521", "answer_start": 1043}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1521", "answer_span": "Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan was the first European to visit the island on March 6, 1521", "answer_start": 949}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did more people start living there?", "answers": [{"text": "1668", "answer_span": "Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "1668", "answer_span": "1668", "answer_start": 1071}, {"text": "1668", "answer_span": "Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers", "answer_start": 1049}, {"text": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s", "answer_span": " Between the 1500s and the 1700s", "answer_start": 1145}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1668", "answer_span": "Guam was colonized in 1668 with settlers", "answer_start": 1049}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was it a good stop for?", "answers": [{"text": "the Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_span": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "the Spanish Manila Galleons", "answer_span": "the Spanish Manila Galleons", "answer_start": 1214}, {"text": "Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_span": "Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_start": 1179}, {"text": "for the Spanish Manila Galleons", "answer_span": " for the Spanish Manila Galleons", "answer_start": 1209}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_span": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_start": 1146}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Between which years?", "answers": [{"text": "1500s and the 1700s", "answer_span": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover f", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s", "answer_span": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "the 1500s and the 1700s", "answer_span": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover for the Spanish Manila Galleons.", "answer_start": 1146}, {"text": "1500s and the 1700s", "answer_span": "1500s and the 1700s", "answer_start": 1158}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1500s and the 1700s", "answer_span": "Between the 1500s and the 1700s, Guam was an important stopover f", "answer_start": 1146}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did the US officially own it?", "answers": [{"text": "December 10, 1898", "answer_span": "Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898", "answer_start": 1353}, {"text": "December 10, 1898", "answer_span": "December 10, 1898", "answer_start": 1394}, {"text": "June 21, 1898", "answer_span": "During the Spanish\u2013American War, the United States captured Guam on June 21, 1898", "answer_start": 1243}, {"text": "December 10, 1898.", "answer_span": " December 10, 1898.", "answer_start": 1393}], "orig_answer": {"text": "December 10, 1898", "answer_span": "Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898", "answer_start": 1353}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Under which pact?", "answers": [{"text": "The Treaty of Paris", "answer_span": "Under the Treaty of Paris", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "Treaty of Paris", "answer_span": "Treaty of Paris", "answer_start": 1336}, {"text": "Treaty of Paris", "answer_span": "Under the Treaty of Paris, Spain ceded Guam to the United States on December 10, 1898", "answer_start": 1326}, {"text": "Under the Treaty of Paris", "answer_span": "Under the Treaty of Paris", "answer_start": 1326}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Treaty of Paris", "answer_span": "Under the Treaty of Paris", "answer_start": 1326}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What kind of territory is it for the US?", "answers": [{"text": "unincorporated and organized territory", "answer_span": "the Territory of Guam) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States", "answer_start": 66}, {"text": "an unincorporated and organized territory", "answer_span": "an unincorporated and organized territory", "answer_start": 92}, {"text": "territories with an established civilian government", "answer_span": "five American territories with an established civilian government", "answer_start": 214}, {"text": "Territory of Guam", "answer_span": "Territory of Guam", "answer_start": 70}], "orig_answer": {"text": "unincorporated and organized territory", "answer_span": "the Territory of Guam) is an unincorporated and organized territory of the United States", "answer_start": 66}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the tallest part of it?", "answers": [{"text": "Mount Lamlam", "answer_span": " The highest point is Mount Lamlam", "answer_start": 779}, {"text": "Mount Lamlam", "answer_span": "Mount Lamlam", "answer_start": 801}, {"text": "Mount Lamlam", "answer_span": "The highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 meters (1,332 ft) above sea level. ", "answer_start": 780}, {"text": "Mount Lamlam", "answer_span": " Mount Lamlam", "answer_start": 800}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mount Lamlam", "answer_span": " The highest point is Mount Lamlam", "answer_start": 779}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How tall is it?", "answers": [{"text": "406 meters", "answer_span": "highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 meters ", "answer_start": 784}, {"text": "406 meters", "answer_span": "406 meters", "answer_start": 817}, {"text": "406 meters", "answer_span": "The highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 meters (1,332 ft) above sea level. ", "answer_start": 780}, {"text": "406 meters", "answer_span": "406 meters", "answer_start": 817}], "orig_answer": {"text": "406 meters", "answer_span": "highest point is Mount Lamlam at 406 meters ", "answer_start": 784}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do the people have US rights?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Guamanians are American citizens by birth.", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Guamanians are American citizens by birth", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Guamanians are American citizens by birth.", "answer_start": 389}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Guamanians are American citizens by birth. ", "answer_start": 389}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Guamanians are American citizens by birth.", "answer_start": 389}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the city with the most inhabitants?", "answers": [{"text": "Dededo", "answer_span": "and the most populous city is Dededo", "answer_start": 310}, {"text": "Mongmong-Toto-Maite", "answer_span": "Mongmong-Toto-Maite", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "Dededo", "answer_span": "nd the most populous city is Dededo", "answer_start": 311}, {"text": "Dededo", "answer_span": "Dededo", "answer_start": 340}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Dededo", "answer_span": "and the most populous city is Dededo", "answer_start": 310}, "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3mx2nq3yc9u4xjuey2p2fzokc165xj"}], "section_title": "Guam", "background": "Guam", "title": "Guam"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\". Plans for the relay were announced on April 26, 2007, in Beijing, China. The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi) \u2013 the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. \n\nAfter being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. From Beijing, the torch was following a route passing through six continents. The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world. The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.", "qas": [{"question": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay What is the topic?", "answers": [{"text": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Summer Olympics torch relay", "answer_span": "Summer Olympics torch relay", "answer_start": 9}, {"text": "The Summer Olympics", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did it occur?", "answers": [{"text": "March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "from March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_span": "from March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_start": 45}, {"text": "March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "from March 24 until August 8", "answer_span": "was run from March 24 until August 8", "answer_start": 37}], "orig_answer": {"text": "March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the theme", "answers": [{"text": "\"one world, one dream\".", "answer_span": "2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\". ", "answer_start": 94}, {"text": "one world, one dream", "answer_span": "one world, one dream", "answer_start": 135}, {"text": "one world, one dream", "answer_span": "The 2008 Summer Olympics torch relay was run from March 24 until August 8, 2008, prior to the 2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\"", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "one world, one dream", "answer_span": "with the theme of \"one world, one dream\"", "answer_start": 116}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"one world, one dream\".", "answer_span": "2008 Summer Olympics, with the theme of \"one world, one dream\". ", "answer_start": 94}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the length of the race?", "answers": [{"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 317}, {"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "137,000 km", "answer_start": 339}, {"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 317}], "orig_answer": {"text": "137,000 km", "answer_span": "and carried the torch 137,000 km", "answer_start": 317}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it larger than previous ones?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 364}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 364}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics", "answer_start": 364}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay ", "answer_start": 364}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the longest distance of any Olympic torch relay since the tradition was started ahead of the 1936 Summer Olympics. ", "answer_start": 364}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did the race begin?", "answers": [{"text": "Olympia, Greece", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "Olympia, Greece", "answer_span": " Olympia, Greece", "answer_start": 538}, {"text": "Olympia", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "Olympia", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia", "answer_start": 481}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Olympia, Greece", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is there anything notable about that place?", "answers": [{"text": "birthplace of Olympic Games", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "it's the birthplace of the Olympic Games", "answer_span": "the birthplace of the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 500}, {"text": "It is the birthplace of the Olympic Games", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 492}], "orig_answer": {"text": "birthplace of Olympic Games", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did they go after?", "answers": [{"text": "Athens", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 567}, {"text": "Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_span": "Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 594}, {"text": "Panathinaiko Stadium", "answer_span": "fter being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 482}, {"text": "the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 567}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Athens", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 567}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many days was the race?", "answers": [{"text": "seven", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. ", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "129", "answer_span": "129", "answer_start": 308}, {"text": "129", "answer_span": "The relay, also called by the organizers as the \"Journey of Harmony\", lasted 129 days and carried the torch 137,000 km (85,000 mi", "answer_start": 231}, {"text": "129", "answer_span": "lasted 129 days", "answer_start": 301}], "orig_answer": {"text": "seven", "answer_span": "After being lit at the birthplace of the Olympic Games in Olympia, Greece on March 24, the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens, and then to Beijing, arriving on March 31. ", "answer_start": 481}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they visit any notable landmarks?", "answers": [{"text": "Panathinaiko Stadium", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 567}, {"text": "Mount Everest", "answer_span": " Mount Everest", "answer_start": 926}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The relay also included an ascent with the flame to the top of Mount Everest on the border of Nepal and Tibet, China from the Chinese side, which was closed specially for the event.", "answer_start": 864}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "he torch has visited cities along the Silk Road", "answer_start": 748}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Panathinaiko Stadium", "answer_span": " the torch traveled to the Panathinaiko Stadium in Athens", "answer_start": 567}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did they visit any ancient Chinese sites?", "answers": [{"text": "Silk Road", "answer_span": " the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world.", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "The torch has visited cities along the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world.", "answer_start": 747}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "China from the Chinese side", "answer_start": 975}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Silk Road", "answer_span": " the Silk Road, symbolizing ancient links between China and the rest of the world.", "answer_start": 781}, "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3yw4xosqkqldsxz0sac3s2cz64l1u8"}], "section_title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "background": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay", "title": "2008 Summer Olympics torch relay"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music, a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America. It is one of SME's three flagship record labels, alongside Columbia Records and Epic Records. The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country. The company's name is derived from the initials of the label's former parent company, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA). It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records. RCA's Canadian unit (formerly Berliner Gramophone Canada) is Sony's oldest label in Canada. It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression. \n\nArtists currently signed to RCA Records include Britney Spears, Shakira, Christina Aguilera, Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Alicia Keys, Usher, Charlie Wilson, R. Kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Chris Brown, D'Angelo, Pink, Walk the Moon, Pitbull and Zayn. \n\nIn 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs (including the famous \"Victrola\") and phonograph records (in British English, \"gramophone records\"). The company then became RCA Victor but retained use of the Victor Records name on their labels until the beginning of 1946 when the labels were finally switched over to RCA Victor. With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper \"His Master's Voice\" trademark; in Shanghai, China, RCA Victor was the main competitor with Baak Doi (EMI). Singer Carmen Miranda was signed to RCA Victor Brazilian branch, in 1929 to 1935, when she was still only known in Brazil.", "qas": [{"question": "RCA Records who are some artists currently working with RCA?", "answers": [{"text": "Shakira, Christina Aguilera, and Pitbull", "answer_span": "Artists currently signed to RCA Records include Britney Spears, Shakira, Christina Aguilera, Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Alicia Keys, Usher, Charlie Wilson, R. Kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Chris Brown, D'Angelo, Pink, Walk the Moon, Pitbull and Zayn. \n", "answer_start": 718}, {"text": "Britney Spears, Shakira, Christina Aguilera, Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Alicia Keys, Usher, Charlie Wilson, R. Kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Chris Brown, D'Angelo, Pink, Walk the Moon, Pitbull and Zayn.", "answer_span": "Artists currently signed to RCA Records include Britney Spears, Shakira, Christina Aguilera, Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Alicia Keys, Usher, Charlie Wilson, R. Kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Chris Brown, D'Angelo, Pink, Walk the Moon, Pitbull and Zayn.", "answer_start": 718}, {"text": "Britney Spears & Shakira", "answer_span": "signed to RCA Records include Britney Spears, Shakira", "answer_start": 736}, {"text": "Britney Spears", "answer_span": "Britney Spears", "answer_start": 766}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Shakira, Christina Aguilera, and Pitbull", "answer_span": "Artists currently signed to RCA Records include Britney Spears, Shakira, Christina Aguilera, Miley Cyrus, Justin Timberlake, Alicia Keys, Usher, Charlie Wilson, R. Kelly, Enrique Iglesias, Foo Fighters, Kings of Leon, Kesha, Chris Brown, D'Angelo, Pink, Walk the Moon, Pitbull and Zayn. \n", "answer_start": 718}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who owns RCA?", "answers": [{"text": "Sony Music", "answer_span": "RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sony Music", "answer_span": "RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sony Music", "answer_span": "RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Sony Music", "answer_span": " Sony Music", "answer_start": 48}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sony Music", "answer_span": "RCA Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what genres do they work with?", "answers": [{"text": "multiple genres", "answer_span": "The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country.", "answer_start": 200}, {"text": "pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country", "answer_span": "multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "pop & rock", "answer_span": "multiple genres of music, including pop, rock", "answer_start": 223}, {"text": "pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country", "answer_span": "pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country", "answer_start": 259}], "orig_answer": {"text": "multiple genres", "answer_span": "The label has released multiple genres of music, including pop, rock, hip hop, electronic, R&B, blues, jazz, and country.", "answer_start": 200}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it the oldest recording company?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is the second oldest recording company in US history", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "It is the second oldest recording company", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "It is the second oldest recording company in US history", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "It is the second oldest recording company in US history", "answer_start": 448}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "It is the second oldest recording company in US history", "answer_start": 448}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "which is the oldest?", "answers": [{"text": "Columbia Records", "answer_span": " It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records.", "answer_start": 447}, {"text": "Columbia Records.", "answer_span": "It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records.", "answer_start": 448}, {"text": "Columbia Records", "answer_span": "after sister label Columbia Records", "answer_start": 505}, {"text": "Columbia Records", "answer_span": "Columbia Records", "answer_start": 524}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Columbia Records", "answer_span": " It is the second oldest recording company in US history, after sister label Columbia Records.", "answer_start": 447}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was the company before it was RCA Victor?", "answers": [{"text": "Victor Talking Machine Company", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs (including the famous \"Victrola\") and phonograph records (in British English, \"gramophone records\"). The company then became RCA Victor ", "answer_start": 1007}, {"text": "Victor Talking Machine Company", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs (including the famous \"Victrola\") and phonograph records (in British English, \"gramophone records\"). The company then became RCA Victor", "answer_start": 1007}, {"text": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_span": "Radio Corporation of America ", "answer_start": 1020}, {"text": "RCA Records", "answer_span": " RCA Records ", "answer_start": 745}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Victor Talking Machine Company", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs (including the famous \"Victrola\") and phonograph records (in British English, \"gramophone records\"). The company then became RCA Victor ", "answer_start": 1007}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what did the Victor company do?", "answers": [{"text": "manufacturer of phonographs", "answer_span": "the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs ", "answer_start": 1065}, {"text": "manufacture phonographs", "answer_span": "Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs", "answer_start": 1069}, {"text": "manufactured phonographs", "answer_span": "manufacturer of phonographs", "answer_start": 1126}, {"text": "manufacture phonographs", "answer_span": "manufacturer of phonographs", "answer_start": 1126}], "orig_answer": {"text": "manufacturer of phonographs", "answer_span": "the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs ", "answer_start": 1065}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was Victor purchased by RCA?", "answers": [{"text": "1929", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company,", "answer_start": 1007}, {"text": "1929", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company, then the world's largest manufacturer of phonographs (including the famous \"Victrola\") and phonograph records (in British English, \"gramophone records\").", "answer_start": 1007}, {"text": "1929", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company", "answer_start": 1007}, {"text": "In 1929", "answer_span": "In 1929", "answer_start": 1007}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1929", "answer_span": "In 1929, the Radio Corporation of America (RCA) purchased the Victor Talking Machine Company,", "answer_start": 1007}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is RCA short for?", "answers": [{"text": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_span": "the Radio Corporation of America (RCA)", "answer_start": 1016}, {"text": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_span": "Radio Corporation of America (RCA).", "answer_start": 412}, {"text": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_span": "Radio Corporation of America (RCA)", "answer_start": 1020}, {"text": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_span": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_start": 1020}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Radio Corporation of America", "answer_span": "the Radio Corporation of America (RCA)", "answer_start": 1016}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how many record companies survived the Great Depression in Canada?", "answers": [{"text": "two", "answer_span": " It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression. ", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression. ", "answer_start": 634}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression", "answer_start": 653}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "two ", "answer_start": 653}], "orig_answer": {"text": "two", "answer_span": " It was one of only two Canadian record companies to survive the Great Depression. ", "answer_start": 633}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did RCA aquire along with Victor?", "answers": [{"text": "acquired New World rights to \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_span": "With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_start": 1436}, {"text": "New World rights to \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_span": "With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_start": 1436}, {"text": "New World rights to the famous Nipper trademark", "answer_span": "With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nippe", "answer_start": 1436}, {"text": "New World rights to the famous Nipper \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_span": " New World rights to the famous Nipper \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_start": 1461}], "orig_answer": {"text": "acquired New World rights to \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_span": "With Victor, RCA acquired New World rights to the famous Nipper \"His Master's Voice\" trademark", "answer_start": 1436}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who is their main competitor in China?", "answers": [{"text": "Baak Doi", "answer_span": "in Shanghai, China, RCA Victor was the main competitor with Baak Doi (EMI)", "answer_start": 1532}, {"text": "Baak Doi (EMI)", "answer_span": "in Shanghai, China, RCA Victor was the main competitor with Baak Doi (EMI)", "answer_start": 1532}, {"text": "Baak Doi", "answer_span": "main competitor with Baak Doi", "answer_start": 1571}, {"text": "Baak Doi (EMI)", "answer_span": "Baak Doi (EMI)", "answer_start": 1592}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Baak Doi", "answer_span": "in Shanghai, China, RCA Victor was the main competitor with Baak Doi (EMI)", "answer_start": 1532}, "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3kakfy4pgu24t9iflx18xs3la3j3il"}], "section_title": "RCA Records", "background": "RCA Records", "title": "RCA Records"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "North Dakota (; locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. It is the 19th most extensive, but the 4th least populous, and the 4th most sparsely populated of the 50 U.S. states. North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889. The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. \n\nNorth Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state. The development drove strong job and population growth, and low unemployment. However, falling oil prices have put pressure on state finances, leading to questions about the lack of diversity in the North Dakota economy and its vulnerability to commodity price swings. \n\nNorth Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains. The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\". With an area of , North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "qas": [{"question": "North Dakota What region is this state in?", "answers": [{"text": "midwestern", "answer_span": "North Dakota (; locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "answer_span": "orth Dakota (; locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "answer_start": 1}, {"text": "midwestern", "answer_span": "midwestern ", "answer_start": 44}, {"text": "midwestern and northern", "answer_span": "North Dakota (; locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "midwestern", "answer_span": "North Dakota (; locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States. ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What river does it have?", "answers": [{"text": "Red River", "answer_span": "The state shares the Red River of the N", "answer_start": 914}, {"text": "the Red River", "answer_span": "The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east.", "answer_start": 914}, {"text": "the Red River", "answer_span": " the Red River", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "Red River", "answer_span": "The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. ", "answer_start": 914}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Red River", "answer_span": "The state shares the Red River of the N", "answer_start": 914}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What state is below it?", "answers": [{"text": "South Dakota", "answer_span": "South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the no", "answer_start": 986}, {"text": "South Dakota", "answer_span": "South Dakota is to the south", "answer_start": 986}, {"text": "South Dakota", "answer_span": "South Dakota", "answer_start": 986}, {"text": ". South Dakota", "answer_span": "The state shares the Red River of the North with Minnesota to the east. South Dakota is to the south, ", "answer_start": 914}], "orig_answer": {"text": "South Dakota", "answer_span": "South Dakota is to the south, Montana is to the west, and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the no", "answer_start": 986}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country is to the north?", "answers": [{"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "d the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situat", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north", "answer_start": 1044}, {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "Canadia", "answer_start": 1048}, {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": ", and the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "answer_start": 1038}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Canada", "answer_span": "d the Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. North Dakota is situat", "answer_start": 1042}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And what provinces?", "answers": [{"text": "Saskatchewan and Manitoba", "answer_span": " Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. ", "answer_start": 1047}, {"text": "Saskatchewan and Manitoba", "answer_span": "Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "answer_start": 1048}, {"text": "Saskatchewan and Manitoba", "answer_span": "Saskatchewan and Manitoba", "answer_start": 1070}, {"text": "Saskatchewan and Manitoba", "answer_span": "Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north.", "answer_start": 1048}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saskatchewan and Manitoba", "answer_span": " Canadian provinces of Saskatchewan and Manitoba are to the north. ", "answer_start": 1047}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What American region is North Dakota in?", "answers": [{"text": "middle of North America", "answer_span": " North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\"", "answer_start": 1113}, {"text": "the midwestern and northern", "answer_span": "North Dakota (; locally ) is a state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Great Plains", "answer_span": " the Great Plains", "answer_start": 895}, {"text": "the Great Plains.", "answer_span": "North Dakota is in the U.S. region known as the Great Plains. ", "answer_start": 852}], "orig_answer": {"text": "middle of North America", "answer_span": " North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\"", "answer_start": 1113}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does it rank in terms of size?", "answers": [{"text": "19", "answer_span": ", North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "answer_start": 1296}, {"text": "the 19th largest", "answer_span": "North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "answer_start": 1298}, {"text": "19th largest", "answer_span": "19th largest", "answer_start": 1318}, {"text": "19th", "answer_span": "North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "answer_start": 1298}], "orig_answer": {"text": "19", "answer_span": ", North Dakota is the 19th largest state.", "answer_start": 1296}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What about in terms of population?", "answers": [{"text": "4th most sparsely populated", "answer_span": "4th most sparsely populated", "answer_start": 165}, {"text": "4th least populous", "answer_span": "the 4th least populous", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "4th least populous", "answer_span": "4th least populous", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "4th least populous,", "answer_span": " but the 4th least populous,", "answer_start": 128}], "orig_answer": {"text": "4th most sparsely populated", "answer_span": "4th most sparsely populated", "answer_start": 165}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is the capital city?", "answers": [{"text": "Bismarck", "answer_span": "9. The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. ", "answer_start": 291}, {"text": "Bismarck", "answer_span": "The state capital is Bismarck", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "Bismarck", "answer_span": "Bismarck", "answer_start": 315}, {"text": "Bismarck", "answer_span": "The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. ", "answer_start": 294}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Bismarck", "answer_span": "9. The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. ", "answer_start": 291}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is this the biggest city?", "answers": [{"text": "Fargo", "answer_span": "and the largest city is Fargo. ", "answer_start": 325}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. ", "answer_start": 294}, {"text": "Fargo", "answer_span": "Fargo", "answer_start": 349}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. \n", "answer_start": 294}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Fargo", "answer_span": "and the largest city is Fargo. ", "answer_start": 325}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did North Dakota become a state in the Union?", "answers": [{"text": "1889", "answer_span": "s the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889. The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. \n", "answer_start": 243}, {"text": "November 2, 1889.", "answer_span": "North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889.", "answer_start": 216}, {"text": "1889", "answer_span": "1889", "answer_start": 288}, {"text": "November 2, 1889", "answer_span": "North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889", "answer_start": 216}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1889", "answer_span": "s the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889. The state capital is Bismarck, and the largest city is Fargo. \n", "answer_start": 243}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What number state was it to be added?", "answers": [{"text": "39th", "answer_span": "was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889", "answer_start": 229}, {"text": "39th", "answer_span": "North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union", "answer_start": 216}, {"text": "39th", "answer_span": "39th ", "answer_start": 249}, {"text": "39th", "answer_span": " North Dakota was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889. ", "answer_start": 215}], "orig_answer": {"text": "39th", "answer_span": "was admitted as the 39th state to the Union on November 2, 1889", "answer_start": 229}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Did the state suffer in natural resources in the recession?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "orth Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources", "answer_start": 359}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources", "answer_start": 358}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "a boom", "answer_start": 432}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, ", "answer_start": 358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "orth Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources", "answer_start": 359}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened?", "answers": [{"text": "Weathered the Great Recession", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession o", "answer_start": 358}, {"text": "a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation", "answer_span": "particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation", "answer_start": 461}, {"text": "a boom", "answer_span": "a boom", "answer_start": 432}, {"text": "h a boom in natural resources", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation,", "answer_start": 358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Weathered the Great Recession", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession o", "answer_start": 358}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What type of boom was there?", "answers": [{"text": "in oil extraction", "answer_span": "larly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation,", "answer_start": 468}, {"text": "in oil extraction from the Bakken formation", "answer_span": "a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "in oil extraction", "answer_span": "in oil extraction", "answer_start": 481}, {"text": "in oil extraction from the Bakken formation,", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation,", "answer_start": 358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in oil extraction", "answer_span": "larly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation,", "answer_start": 468}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did dropping oil prices do?", "answers": [{"text": "put pressure on state finance", "answer_span": "have put pressure on state finance", "answer_start": 687}, {"text": "put pressure on state finance", "answer_span": "falling oil prices have put pressure on state finance", "answer_start": 668}, {"text": "put pressure on state finances", "answer_span": "put pressure on state finances", "answer_start": 692}, {"text": "put pressure on state finances,", "answer_span": "However, falling oil prices have put pressure on state finances, ", "answer_start": 659}], "orig_answer": {"text": "put pressure on state finance", "answer_span": "have put pressure on state finance", "answer_start": 687}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is the Bakken formation?", "answers": [{"text": "beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_span": "hich lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_start": 527}, {"text": "beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_span": "the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_start": 504}, {"text": "beneath the northwestern part", "answer_span": "beneath the northwestern part ", "answer_start": 537}, {"text": "beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources, particularly a boom in oil extraction from the Bakken formation, which lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_start": 358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_span": "hich lies beneath the northwestern part of the state.", "answer_start": 527}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is the rock marker for the middle of the continent?", "answers": [{"text": "Rugby", "answer_span": "North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota ", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "Rugby, North Dakota", "answer_span": "a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota marking the \"Geographic Center of the North American Continent\".", "answer_start": 1177}, {"text": "Rugby", "answer_span": "Rugby", "answer_start": 1195}, {"text": "Rugby,", "answer_span": " North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, ", "answer_start": 1113}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Rugby", "answer_span": "North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota ", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what state?", "answers": [{"text": "North Dakota", "answer_span": "North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota ", "answer_start": 1114}, {"text": "North Dakota", "answer_span": "Rugby, North Dakota", "answer_start": 1195}, {"text": "North Dakota", "answer_span": "North Dakota", "answer_start": 1202}, {"text": ". North Dakota", "answer_span": ". North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota ", "answer_start": 1112}], "orig_answer": {"text": "North Dakota", "answer_span": "North Dakota is situated near the middle of North America with a stone marker in Rugby, North Dakota ", "answer_start": 1114}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What century was the Great Recession in?", "answers": [{"text": "21st", "answer_span": "n of the early 21st century wit", "answer_start": 399}, {"text": "21st", "answer_span": "the Great Recession of the early 21st century", "answer_start": 381}, {"text": "21st", "answer_span": "21st ", "answer_start": 414}, {"text": "21st", "answer_span": "North Dakota weathered the Great Recession of the early 21st century with a boom in natural resources,", "answer_start": 358}], "orig_answer": {"text": "21st", "answer_span": "n of the early 21st century wit", "answer_start": 399}, "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3s3amizx3u5byyycmcbyzyr2o92dc1"}], "section_title": "North Dakota", "background": "North Dakota", "title": "North Dakota"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Lublin Voivodeship, or Lublin Province (in Polish, \"wojew\u00f3dztwo lubelskie\" ), is a voivodeship, or province, located in southeastern Poland. It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships, pursuant to Polish local government reforms adopted in 1998. The province is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin, and its territory is made of four historical lands: the western part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland, the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Red Ruthenia, and the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie. \n\nLublin Voivodeship is bordered by Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, \u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north, Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north, and Belarus and Ukraine to the east. The province's population as of 2006 was 2,175,251. It covers an area of . \n\nThe that encompasses Lublin, and approximates Lublin Voivodeship as it was before the Partitions of Poland, is known as \"Lubelszczyzna\". Provinces centred on Lublin have existed throughout much of Poland's history; for details see the section below on Previous Lublin Voivodeships. \n\nThe region was, before World War II, one of the world's leading centres of Judaism. Before the middle of the 16th century, there were few Jews in the area, concentrated in Lublin, Kazimierz Dolny, and perhaps Che\u0142m; but the founding of new private towns led to a large movement of Jews into the region to develop trade and services. Since these new towns competed with the existing towns for business, there followed a low-intensity, long-lasting feeling of resentment, with failed attempts to limit the Jewish immigration. The Jews tended to settle mostly in the cities and towns, with only individual families setting up businesses in the rural regions; this urban/rural division became another factor feeding resentment of the newly arrived economic competitors. By the middle of the 18th century, Jews were a significant part of the population in Kra\u015bnik, Lubart\u00f3w and \u0141\u0119czna.", "qas": [{"question": "Lublin Voivodeship What is the location that is the focus of the article?", "answers": [{"text": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship, or Lublin Province (in Polish, \"wojew\u00f3dztwo lubelskie\" ), is a voivodeship, or province, located in southeastern Poland.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is on its northern border?", "answers": [{"text": "Podlaskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": " Podlaskie Voivodeship", "answer_start": 829}, {"text": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship is bordered by Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south, \u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west, Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north", "answer_start": 666}, {"text": "Podlaskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Podlaskie Voivodeship along a short boundary to the north,", "answer_start": 830}, {"text": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_span": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_start": 642}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Podlaskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": " Podlaskie Voivodeship", "answer_start": 829}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is to its east?", "answers": [{"text": "Belarus and Ukraine", "answer_span": "Belarus and Ukraine", "answer_start": 893}, {"text": "Belarus and Ukraine", "answer_span": "and Belarus and Ukraine to the east.", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "Belarus", "answer_span": "and Belarus and Ukraine to the east", "answer_start": 889}, {"text": "Lublin Area", "answer_span": "Lublin Area", "answer_start": 576}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Belarus and Ukraine", "answer_span": "Belarus and Ukraine", "answer_start": 893}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "To its northwest?", "answers": [{"text": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Masovian Voivodeship to the west and north", "answer_start": 786}, {"text": "the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_span": "the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_start": 617}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_start": 786}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "To the southwest?", "answers": [{"text": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_start": 740}, {"text": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west,", "answer_start": 740}, {"text": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship to the south-west", "answer_start": 740}, {"text": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_start": 740}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_span": "\u015awi\u0119tokrzyskie Voivodeship", "answer_start": 740}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How about to the south?", "answers": [{"text": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_start": 700}, {"text": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship is bordered by Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south", "answer_start": 666}, {"text": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship to the south", "answer_start": 700}, {"text": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_start": 700}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Subcarpathian Voivodeship", "answer_start": 700}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What country is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "Poland", "answer_start": 133}, {"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "Lublin Voivodeship, or Lublin Province (in Polish, \"wojew\u00f3dztwo lubelskie\" ), is a voivodeship, or province, located in southeastern Poland", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "located in southeastern Poland", "answer_start": 109}, {"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "Poland", "answer_start": 133}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Poland", "answer_span": "Poland", "answer_start": 133}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When was it formed?", "answers": [{"text": "1999", "answer_span": "1999", "answer_start": 170}, {"text": "January 1, 1999", "answer_span": "It was created on January 1, 1999", "answer_start": 141}, {"text": "January 1, 1999", "answer_span": "It was created on January 1, 1999", "answer_start": 141}, {"text": "January 1, 1999", "answer_span": "January 1, 1999", "answer_start": 159}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1999", "answer_span": "1999", "answer_start": 170}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "From which previous entities?", "answers": [{"text": "out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_span": "out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska, Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_span": " It was created on January 1, 1999, out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_start": 140}, {"text": "Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_span": "out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_span": "Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_start": 194}], "orig_answer": {"text": "out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_span": "out of the former Lublin, Che\u0142m, Zamo\u015b\u0107, Bia\u0142a Podlaska and (partially) Tarnobrzeg and Siedlce Voivodeships", "answer_start": 176}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is its  name derived from?", "answers": [{"text": "after its largest city and regional capital", "answer_span": "after its largest city and regional capital", "answer_start": 368}, {"text": "its largest city and regional capital", "answer_span": "The province is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin", "answer_start": 346}, {"text": "its largest city and regional capital", "answer_span": "The province is named after its largest city and regional capital, Lublin", "answer_start": 346}, {"text": "wojew\u00f3dztwo lubelskie", "answer_span": "wojew\u00f3dztwo lubelskie", "answer_start": 52}], "orig_answer": {"text": "after its largest city and regional capital", "answer_span": "after its largest city and regional capital", "answer_start": 368}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who does the western portion belong to?", "answers": [{"text": "Lesser Poland", "answer_span": "Lesser Poland", "answer_start": 541}, {"text": "Lesser Poland", "answer_span": "he western part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland,", "answer_start": 474}, {"text": "Lesser Poland", "answer_span": "the western part of the voivodeship, with Lublin itself, belongs to Lesser Poland", "answer_start": 473}, {"text": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_span": "Masovian Voivodeship", "answer_start": 786}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Lesser Poland", "answer_span": "Lesser Poland", "answer_start": 541}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "The northeast part?", "answers": [{"text": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_span": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_start": 642}, {"text": "Polesie and Podlasie.", "answer_span": "the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie.", "answer_start": 617}, {"text": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_span": "the northeast belongs to Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_start": 617}, {"text": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_span": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_start": 642}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_span": "Polesie and Podlasie", "answer_start": 642}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "The eastern part?", "answers": [{"text": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_span": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_start": 599}, {"text": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_span": "the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Red Ruthenia", "answer_start": 556}, {"text": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_span": " the eastern part of Lublin Area belongs to Red Ruthenia", "answer_start": 555}, {"text": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_span": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_start": 599}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_span": "Red Ruthenia", "answer_start": 599}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many people live in the area?", "answers": [{"text": "2,175,251", "answer_span": "2,175,251", "answer_start": 967}, {"text": "2,175,25", "answer_span": "The province's population as of 2006 was 2,175,251.", "answer_start": 926}, {"text": "2,175,251", "answer_span": "The province's population as of 2006 was 2,175,251", "answer_start": 926}, {"text": "2,175,251", "answer_span": "2,175,251", "answer_start": 967}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2,175,251", "answer_span": "2,175,251", "answer_start": 967}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "As of what year?", "answers": [{"text": "2006", "answer_span": "2006", "answer_start": 958}, {"text": "2006", "answer_span": " The province's population as of 2006 was 2,175,251", "answer_start": 925}, {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "as of 2006 was 2,175,251", "answer_start": 952}, {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "2006", "answer_start": 958}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2006", "answer_span": "2006", "answer_start": 958}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What religion did it used to be an important location for?", "answers": [{"text": "one of the world's leading centres of Judaism", "answer_span": "one of the world's leading centres of Judaism", "answer_start": 1324}, {"text": "Judaism", "answer_span": "The region was, before World War II, one of the world's leading centres of Judaism", "answer_start": 1287}, {"text": "Judaism", "answer_span": "one of the world's leading centres of Judaism", "answer_start": 1324}, {"text": "Judaism", "answer_span": "Judaism", "answer_start": 1362}], "orig_answer": {"text": "one of the world's leading centres of Judaism", "answer_span": "one of the world's leading centres of Judaism", "answer_start": 1324}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Since when?", "answers": [{"text": "By the middle of the 18th century,", "answer_span": "By the middle of the 18th century,", "answer_start": 2053}, {"text": "middle of the 16th century", "answer_span": "The region was, before World War II, one of the world's leading centres of Judaism. Before the middle of the 16th century, there were few Jews in the area, concentrated in Lublin, Kazimierz Dolny, and perhaps", "answer_start": 1287}, {"text": "the 16th century", "answer_span": "Before the middle of the 16th century, there were few Jews in the area", "answer_start": 1371}, {"text": "before World War II", "answer_span": "before World War II", "answer_start": 1303}], "orig_answer": {"text": "By the middle of the 18th century,", "answer_span": "By the middle of the 18th century,", "answer_start": 2053}, "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3q5zz9zevofeiit6qudaz07rl34584"}], "section_title": "Lublin Voivodeship", "background": "Lublin Voivodeship", "title": "Lublin Voivodeship"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Buenos Aires ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Argentina. The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the R\u00edo de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast. \"Buenos aires\" can be translated as \"fair winds\" or \"good airs\", but the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century, by the use of the original name \"Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre\". The Greater Buenos Aires conurbation, which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts, constitutes the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas, with a population of around 17 million. \n\nThe city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district. In 1880, after decades of political infighting, Buenos Aires was federalized and removed from Buenos Aires Province. The city limits were enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores; both are now neighborhoods of the city. The 1994 constitutional amendment granted the city autonomy, hence its formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (Autonomous City of Buenos Aires). Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996; previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "qas": [{"question": "Buenos Aires What does buenos aires mean?", "answers": [{"text": "\"fair winds\" or \"good airs\"", "answer_span": "\"Buenos aires\" can be translated as \"fair winds\" or \"good airs\"", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "\"fair winds\" or \"good airs\"", "answer_span": "\"Buenos aires\" can be translated as \"fair winds\" or \"good airs\"", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "fair winds", "answer_span": "\"Buenos aires\" can be translated as \"fair winds\"", "answer_start": 208}, {"text": "fair winds", "answer_span": "fair winds", "answer_start": 245}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"fair winds\" or \"good airs\"", "answer_span": "\"Buenos aires\" can be translated as \"fair winds\" or \"good airs\"", "answer_start": 208}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it belong to the provinces?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district", "answer_start": 650}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital;", "answer_start": 650}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province", "answer_start": 662}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "neither part", "answer_start": 678}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district", "answer_start": 650}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was it considered?", "answers": [{"text": "it is an autonomous district", "answer_span": "The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district.", "answer_start": 650}, {"text": "an autonomous district", "answer_span": "The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district", "answer_start": 650}, {"text": "autonomous city", "answer_span": "city autonomy", "answer_start": 1060}, {"text": "an autonomous district", "answer_span": "an autonomous district", "answer_start": 758}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it is an autonomous district", "answer_span": "The city of Buenos Aires is neither part of Buenos Aires Province nor the Province's capital; rather, it is an autonomous district.", "answer_start": 650}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was it removed from the province?", "answers": [{"text": "1880", "answer_span": "In 1880, after decades of political infighting, Buenos Aires was federalized and removed from Buenos Aires Province", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "In 1880", "answer_span": " In 1880, after decades of political infighting, Buenos Aires was federalized and removed from Buenos Aires Province.", "answer_start": 781}, {"text": "1880", "answer_span": "1880, after decades of political infighting, Buenos Aires was federalized and removed", "answer_start": 785}, {"text": "1880", "answer_span": "1880", "answer_start": 785}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1880", "answer_span": "In 1880, after decades of political infighting, Buenos Aires was federalized and removed from Buenos Aires Province", "answer_start": 782}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "it is the capial of what?", "answers": [{"text": "Argentina", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Argentina.", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Argentina", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Argentina", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Argentina", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Argentina", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Argentina", "answer_span": "Argentina", "answer_start": 63}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Argentina", "answer_span": "Buenos Aires ( or ; ) is the capital and most populous city of Argentina.", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is its population?", "answers": [{"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "The Greater Buenos Aires conurbation, which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts, constitutes the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas, with a population of around 17 million. ", "answer_start": 437}, {"text": "around 17 million.", "answer_span": "constitutes the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas, with a population of around 17 million. \n", "answer_start": 536}, {"text": "around 17 million", "answer_span": "population of around 17 million", "answer_start": 615}, {"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "17 million", "answer_start": 636}], "orig_answer": {"text": "17 million", "answer_span": "The Greater Buenos Aires conurbation, which also includes several Buenos Aires Province districts, constitutes the fourth-most populous metropolitan area in the Americas, with a population of around 17 million. ", "answer_start": 437}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what part of the continent can you find it?", "answers": [{"text": "southeastern coast", "answer_span": "The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the R\u00edo de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast.", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "southeastern coast.", "answer_span": " on the South American continent's southeastern coast. ", "answer_start": 153}, {"text": "southeastern coast", "answer_span": "continent's southeastern coast", "answer_start": 176}, {"text": "southeastern coast", "answer_span": "southeastern coast", "answer_start": 188}], "orig_answer": {"text": "southeastern coast", "answer_span": "The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the R\u00edo de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast.", "answer_start": 74}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who did the citizens elect in 1996?", "answers": [{"text": "chief of government", "answer_span": " Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996", "answer_start": 1164}, {"text": "I a chief of government (i.e. mayor)", "answer_span": "Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996;", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": "chief of government", "answer_span": "chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "a chief of government", "answer_span": "a chief of government", "answer_start": 1192}], "orig_answer": {"text": "chief of government", "answer_span": " Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996", "answer_start": 1164}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "also known as?", "answers": [{"text": "mayor", "answer_span": "Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996", "answer_start": 1165}, {"text": ". mayor", "answer_span": ". Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) ", "answer_start": 1163}, {"text": "mayor", "answer_span": "chief of government (i.e. mayor)", "answer_start": 1194}, {"text": "mayor", "answer_span": "mayor", "answer_start": 1220}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mayor", "answer_span": "Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996", "answer_start": 1165}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "did they always elect mayors?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1236}, {"text": ".no", "answer_span": ". Its citizens first elected a chief of government (i.e. mayor) in 1996; previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1163}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic", "answer_start": 1235}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " the mayor was directly appointed", "answer_start": 1247}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1236}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how was it done before?", "answers": [{"text": "directly appointed", "answer_span": " previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1235}, {"text": "directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_span": "previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1236}, {"text": "appointed by the President of the Republic", "answer_span": "mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic", "answer_start": 1252}, {"text": "the mayor was directly appointed", "answer_span": "the mayor was directly appointed", "answer_start": 1248}], "orig_answer": {"text": "directly appointed", "answer_span": " previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1235}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "by who?", "answers": [{"text": "the President of the Republic", "answer_span": "previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1236}, {"text": "President of the Republic.", "answer_span": " the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1247}, {"text": "President of the Republic", "answer_span": "mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic", "answer_start": 1252}, {"text": "the President", "answer_span": " the President ", "answer_start": 1283}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the President of the Republic", "answer_span": "previously, the mayor was directly appointed by the President of the Republic.", "answer_start": 1236}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what was its origanal name?", "answers": [{"text": "Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre", "answer_span": "by the use of the original name \"Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre\"", "answer_start": 353}, {"text": "\"Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre\".", "answer_span": " the original name \"Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre\".", "answer_start": 366}, {"text": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 1098}, {"text": "Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre", "answer_span": "Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre", "answer_start": 386}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre", "answer_span": "by the use of the original name \"Real de Nuestra Se\u00f1ora Santa Mar\u00eda del Buen Ayre\"", "answer_start": 353}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how about its formal name?", "answers": [{"text": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "The 1994 constitutional amendment granted the city autonomy, hence its formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (Autonomous City of Buenos Aires).", "answer_start": 1014}, {"text": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_span": " hence its formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (Autonomous City of Buenos Aires)", "answer_start": 1074}, {"text": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 1085}, {"text": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_span": " Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 1097}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "The 1994 constitutional amendment granted the city autonomy, hence its formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (Autonomous City of Buenos Aires).", "answer_start": 1014}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does that translate to?", "answers": [{"text": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "The 1994 constitutional amendment granted the city autonomy, hence its formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (Autonomous City of Buenos Aires)", "answer_start": 1014}, {"text": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 1131}, {"text": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 1131}, {"text": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_start": 1131}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Autonomous City of Buenos Aires", "answer_span": "The 1994 constitutional amendment granted the city autonomy, hence its formal name: Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (Autonomous City of Buenos Aires)", "answer_start": 1014}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many towns were added to the city limits after it was removed from the province?", "answers": [{"text": "Two", "answer_span": "The city limits were enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores; both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 899}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": " The city limits were enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 898}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": "enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 920}, {"text": "two", "answer_span": " Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 952}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Two", "answer_span": "The city limits were enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores; both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 899}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what were they?", "answers": [{"text": "Belgrano and Flores", "answer_span": "the towns of Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 940}, {"text": "Belgrano and Flores", "answer_span": "The city limits were enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores; ", "answer_start": 899}, {"text": "Belgrano and Flores", "answer_span": "include the towns of Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 932}, {"text": "Belgrano and Flores", "answer_span": " Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 952}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Belgrano and Flores", "answer_span": "the towns of Belgrano and Flores", "answer_start": 940}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "are they still part of the city?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 973}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "The city limits were enlarged to include the towns of Belgrano and Flores; both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 899}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 974}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 974}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " both are now neighborhoods of the city", "answer_start": 973}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What continent is Buenos Aires found on?", "answers": [{"text": "South America", "answer_span": "The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the R\u00edo de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast", "answer_start": 74}, {"text": "South America", "answer_span": "he city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the R\u00edo de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast", "answer_start": 75}, {"text": "South American continent", "answer_span": "on the South American continent", "answer_start": 154}, {"text": "South America", "answer_span": "South America", "answer_start": 161}], "orig_answer": {"text": "South America", "answer_span": "The city is located on the western shore of the estuary of the R\u00edo de la Plata, on the South American continent's southeastern coast", "answer_start": 74}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what century was it found in?", "answers": [{"text": "16th", "answer_span": "but the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century", "answer_start": 273}, {"text": "16th century", "answer_span": " the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century", "answer_start": 276}, {"text": "16th", "answer_span": "founders in the 16th century", "answer_start": 323}, {"text": "16th century", "answer_span": "16th century", "answer_start": 339}], "orig_answer": {"text": "16th", "answer_span": "but the first one was the meaning intended by the founders in the 16th century", "answer_start": 273}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grs05nj5"}], "section_title": "Buenos Aires", "background": "Buenos Aires", "title": "Buenos Aires"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "France has the world's 6th largest economy by nominal figures and the 10th largest economy by PPP figures. It has the 3rd-largest economy in Europe with the UK in 2nd and Germany in 1st. The OECD is headquartered in Paris, the nation's financial capital. \n\nThe chemical industry is a key sector for France, helping to develop other manufacturing activities and contributing to economic growth. France's tourism industry is a major component of the economy, as France is the most visited destination in the world. Sophia Antipolis is the major technology hub for the economy of France. According to the IMF, in 2013, France was the world's 20th country by GDP per capita with $44,099 per inhabitant. In 2013, France was listed on the United Nations's Human Development Index with 0.884 (very high human development) and 25th on the Corruption Perceptions Index. \n\nFrance's economy entered the recession of the late 2000s later and appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies, only enduring four-quarters of contraction. However, France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014, with the economy expanding by 0% in 2012, 0.8% in 2013 and 0.2% in 2014, though growth picked up in 2015 with a growth of 0.8% and a growth of 1.1% for 2016, and a forecasted growth of 1.6% for 2017 and 1.8% for 2018, both forecast growth to each being the highest since 2011 (2.1%).", "qas": [{"question": "Economy of France What industry is key to France's economic growth?", "answers": [{"text": "chemical", "answer_span": "The chemical industry is a key sector for France", "answer_start": 257}, {"text": "The chemical industry", "answer_span": "The chemical industry is a key sector for France", "answer_start": 257}, {"text": "The chemical industry", "answer_span": "The chemical industry is a key sector for France", "answer_start": 257}, {"text": "The chemical industry", "answer_span": "The chemical industry", "answer_start": 257}], "orig_answer": {"text": "chemical", "answer_span": "The chemical industry is a key sector for France", "answer_start": 257}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What other industry does France rely on?", "answers": [{"text": "tourism", "answer_span": "France's tourism industry is a major component of the economy", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "Tourism", "answer_span": "France's tourism industry is a major component of the economy,", "answer_start": 394}, {"text": "tourism", "answer_span": " France's tourism industry is a major component of the economy", "answer_start": 393}, {"text": "tourism industry i", "answer_span": "tourism industry i", "answer_start": 403}], "orig_answer": {"text": "tourism", "answer_span": "France's tourism industry is a major component of the economy", "answer_start": 394}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is tourism popular in France?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "tourism industry is a major component of the economy", "answer_start": 403}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "France is the most visited destination in the world.", "answer_start": 460}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "as France is the most visited destination in the world.", "answer_start": 457}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "s France is the most visited destination i", "answer_start": 458}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "tourism industry is a major component of the economy", "answer_start": 403}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where does France stand on the world economy list?", "answers": [{"text": "6th", "answer_span": "France has the world's 6th largest economy", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "20th country by GDP per capita", "answer_span": "France was the world's 20th country by GDP per capita with $44,099 per inhabitant", "answer_start": 616}, {"text": "6th", "answer_span": "France has the world's 6th largest economy", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "10th", "answer_span": " 10th", "answer_start": 69}], "orig_answer": {"text": "6th", "answer_span": "France has the world's 6th largest economy", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How does it compare in Europe alone?", "answers": [{"text": "it has the 3rd-largest economy", "answer_span": "It has the 3rd-largest economy in Europe", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "3rd", "answer_span": "It has the 3rd-largest economy in Europe", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "3rd", "answer_span": "It has the 3rd-largest economy in Europe ", "answer_start": 107}, {"text": "3rd", "answer_span": "3rd", "answer_start": 118}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it has the 3rd-largest economy", "answer_span": "It has the 3rd-largest economy in Europe", "answer_start": 107}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which locations have a better ranking?", "answers": [{"text": "the UK and Germany", "answer_span": "with the UK in 2nd and Germany in 1st", "answer_start": 148}, {"text": "the UK in 2nd Germany", "answer_span": "Europe with the UK in 2nd and Germany in 1st. ", "answer_start": 141}, {"text": "UK and Germany", "answer_span": " in Europe with the UK in 2nd and Germany in 1st", "answer_start": 137}, {"text": "UK and Germany", "answer_span": "UK in 2nd and Germany", "answer_start": 157}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the UK and Germany", "answer_span": "with the UK in 2nd and Germany in 1st", "answer_start": 148}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where is the nation's financial capital?", "answers": [{"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "Paris, the nation's financial capital", "answer_start": 216}, {"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "The OECD is headquartered in Paris, the nation's financial capital. \n", "answer_start": 187}, {"text": "Paris", "answer_span": " Paris, the nation's financial capital.", "answer_start": 215}, {"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "Paris", "answer_start": 216}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Paris", "answer_span": "Paris, the nation's financial capital", "answer_start": 216}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How was France's economy in the late 2000s?", "answers": [{"text": "it entered the recession", "answer_span": "France's economy entered the recession of the late 2000s", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "It entered the recession", "answer_span": "France's economy entered the recession of the late 2000s", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "in a recession", "answer_span": "France's economy entered the recession of the late 2000s", "answer_start": 863}, {"text": "it entered the recession", "answer_span": "entered the recession", "answer_start": 880}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it entered the recession", "answer_span": "France's economy entered the recession of the late 2000s", "answer_start": 863}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was it similar to the recession of most countries?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies, only enduring four-quarters of contraction", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " entered the recession of the late 2000s later and appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies", "answer_start": 879}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies", "answer_start": 930}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies", "answer_start": 930}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Howso?", "answers": [{"text": "it appeared to leave it earlier", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "Left it earlier than most affected economies, only enduring four-quarters of contraction.", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies, only enduring four-quarters of contraction.", "answer_start": 930}, {"text": "it was shorter", "answer_span": " entered the recession of the late 2000s later and appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies,", "answer_start": 879}, {"text": "it left it earlier than most affected economies,", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies,", "answer_start": 930}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it appeared to leave it earlier", "answer_span": "appeared to leave it earlier than most affected economies", "answer_start": 930}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How long was the recession?", "answers": [{"text": "four-quarters", "answer_span": "only enduring four-quarters of contraction", "answer_start": 989}, {"text": "four-quarters", "answer_span": "only enduring four-quarters of contraction.", "answer_start": 989}, {"text": "2 years", "answer_span": "France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "four-quarters", "answer_span": " four-quarters", "answer_start": 1002}], "orig_answer": {"text": "four-quarters", "answer_span": "only enduring four-quarters of contraction", "answer_start": 989}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was France about to bounce back immediately and experience economic growth?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "However, France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014,", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, France experienced stagnant growth between", "answer_start": 1033}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "However, France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014", "answer_start": 1033}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened?", "answers": [{"text": "it experienced stagnant growth", "answer_span": "France experienced stagnant growth", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "stagnant growth", "answer_span": "France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014, with the economy expanding by 0% in 2012, 0.8% in 2013 and 0.2% in 2014", "answer_start": 1042}, {"text": "stagnant growth", "answer_span": "However, France experienced stagnant growth between 2012 and 2014", "answer_start": 1033}, {"text": "France experienced stagnant growth", "answer_span": "France experienced stagnant growth", "answer_start": 1042}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it experienced stagnant growth", "answer_span": "France experienced stagnant growth", "answer_start": 1042}, "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3jpsl1dz5szwrvsrrstap8d82ayant"}], "section_title": "Economy of France", "background": "Economy of France", "title": "Economy of France"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A psychological identity relates to self-image (one's mental model of oneself), self-esteem, and individuality. Consequently, Weinreich gives the definition \"A person's identity is defined as the totality of one's self-construal, in which how one construes oneself in the present expresses the continuity between how one construes oneself as one was in the past and how one construes oneself as one aspires to be in the future\"; this allows for definitions of aspects of identity, such as: \"One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity\" (Weinreich, 1986a). \n\nThe description or representation of individual and group identity is a central task for psychologists, sociologists and anthropologists and those of other disciplines where \"identity\" needs to be mapped and defined. How should one describe the identity of another, in ways which encompass both their idiosyncratic qualities and their group memberships or identifications, both of which can shift according to circumstance? Following on from the work of Kelly, Erikson, Tajfel and others Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis (ISA), is \"a structural representation of the individual's existential experience, in which the relationships between self and other agents are organised in relatively stable structures over time \u2026 with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions\" (Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1). Using constructs drawn from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms, the practical operationalisation of ISA provides a methodology that maps how these are used by the individual, applied across time and milieus by the \"situated self\" to appraise self and other agents and institutions (for example, resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions).[citation needed]", "qas": [{"question": "Identity (social science) What is the ISA?", "answers": [{"text": "Identity Structure Analysis (ISA)", "answer_span": " Identity Structure Analysis (ISA)", "answer_start": 1250}, {"text": "Identity Structure Analysis", "answer_span": "Identity Structure Analysis (ISA", "answer_start": 1251}, {"text": "Identity Structure Analysis", "answer_span": " Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis (ISA", "answer_start": 1238}, {"text": "Identity Structure Analysis", "answer_span": "Identity Structure Analysis (ISA)", "answer_start": 1251}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Identity Structure Analysis (ISA)", "answer_span": " Identity Structure Analysis (ISA)", "answer_start": 1250}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who started it?", "answers": [{"text": "Weinreich", "answer_span": "Following on from the work of Kelly, Erikson, Tajfel and others Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis", "answer_start": 1175}, {"text": "Weinreich", "answer_span": "Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis", "answer_start": 1239}, {"text": "Weinreich", "answer_span": "Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis ", "answer_start": 1239}, {"text": "Weinreich", "answer_span": "Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis (ISA)", "answer_start": 1239}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Weinreich", "answer_span": "Following on from the work of Kelly, Erikson, Tajfel and others Weinreich's Identity Structure Analysis", "answer_start": 1175}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What was the date of his quote?", "answers": [{"text": "1986", "answer_span": "One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity\" (Weinreich, 1986a).", "answer_start": 491}, {"text": "1986", "answer_span": "\"One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity\" (Weinreich, 1986a)", "answer_start": 490}, {"text": "2003", "answer_span": "\"a structural representation of the individual's existential experience, in which the relationships between self and other agents are organised in relatively stable structures over time \u2026 with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions\" (Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003", "answer_start": 1289}, {"text": "2003", "answer_span": "(Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1).", "answer_start": 1580}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1986", "answer_span": "One's ethnic identity is defined as that part of the totality of one's self-construal made up of those dimensions that express the continuity between one's construal of past ancestry and one's future aspirations in relation to ethnicity\" (Weinreich, 1986a).", "answer_start": 491}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who collaborated with him?", "answers": [{"text": "Saunderson", "answer_span": "Weinreich and Saunderson", "answer_start": 1581}, {"text": "Saunderson", "answer_span": " (Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1)", "answer_start": 1579}, {"text": "Saunderson", "answer_span": "Weinreich and Saunderson", "answer_start": 1581}, {"text": "Saunderson", "answer_span": "Weinreich and Saunderson", "answer_start": 1581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Saunderson", "answer_span": "Weinreich and Saunderson", "answer_start": 1581}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In what year?", "answers": [{"text": "2003", "answer_span": "(Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1)", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "2003", "answer_span": "(Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1). ", "answer_start": 1580}, {"text": "2003", "answer_span": "Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003", "answer_start": 1581}, {"text": "2003", "answer_span": "Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003", "answer_start": 1581}], "orig_answer": {"text": "2003", "answer_span": "(Weinreich and Saunderson, (eds) 2003, p1)", "answer_start": 1580}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they emphasize?", "answers": [{"text": "the socio-cultural milieu", "answer_span": " the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions\"", "answer_start": 1497}, {"text": "the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_span": "with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions\"", "answer_start": 1477}, {"text": "The socio-cultural milieu", "answer_span": "emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu", "answer_start": 1486}, {"text": "the socio-cultural milieu", "answer_span": "with the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu", "answer_start": 1477}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the socio-cultural milieu", "answer_span": " the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions\"", "answer_start": 1497}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In relation to what?", "answers": [{"text": "in which self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_span": " in which self relates to other agents and institutions\" (Weinreich and Saunderson, ", "answer_start": 1523}, {"text": "in which self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_span": "ith the emphasis on the socio-cultural milieu in which self relates to other agents and institutions\" ", "answer_start": 1478}, {"text": "Where self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_span": "which self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_start": 1527}, {"text": "other agents and institutions", "answer_span": "in which self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_start": 1524}], "orig_answer": {"text": "in which self relates to other agents and institutions", "answer_span": " in which self relates to other agents and institutions\" (Weinreich and Saunderson, ", "answer_start": 1523}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Where did the constraints come from?", "answers": [{"text": "from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms,", "answer_span": " Using constructs drawn from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms, ", "answer_start": 1623}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}, {"text": "The individual, the group and cultural norms", "answer_span": "Using constructs drawn from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms", "answer_start": 1624}, {"text": "unknown", "answer_span": "unknown", "answer_start": -1}], "orig_answer": {"text": "from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms,", "answer_span": " Using constructs drawn from the salient discourses of the individual, the group and cultural norms, ", "answer_start": 1623}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is mapped?", "answers": [{"text": "\"identity\"", "answer_span": "\"identity\" needs to be mapped and defined.", "answer_start": 925}, {"text": "cultural norms", "answer_span": " cultural norms, the practical operationalisation of ISA provides a methodology that maps how these", "answer_start": 1707}, {"text": "How the constraints are used by the individual", "answer_span": "the practical operationalisation of ISA provides a methodology that maps how these are used by the individual", "answer_start": 1724}, {"text": "how these are used by the individual", "answer_span": "maps how these are used by the individual", "answer_start": 1792}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"identity\"", "answer_span": "\"identity\" needs to be mapped and defined.", "answer_start": 925}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What example is given?", "answers": [{"text": "esulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_span": "esulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_start": 1956}, {"text": "the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_span": "for example, resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_start": 1942}, {"text": "Resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_span": "for example, resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_start": 1942}, {"text": "resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_span": "for example, resulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_start": 1942}], "orig_answer": {"text": "esulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_span": "esulting in the individual's evaluation of self and significant others and institutions", "answer_start": 1956}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was there a citation for this?", "answers": [{"text": "citation needed", "answer_span": "itation needed", "answer_start": 2047}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "[citation needed", "answer_start": 2045}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "[citation needed]", "answer_start": 2045}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "citation needed", "answer_start": 2046}], "orig_answer": {"text": "citation needed", "answer_span": "itation needed", "answer_start": 2047}, "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3u84xhcdicdb6vqtlfud7syhj444z2"}], "section_title": "Identity (social science)", "background": "Identity (social science)", "title": "Identity (social science)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between DNA, RNA, and proteins and their biosynthesis, as well as the regulation of these interactions. Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology as: \n\nResearchers in molecular biology use specific techniques native to molecular biology but increasingly combine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry. There is not a defined line between these disciplines. The figure to the right is a schematic that depicts one possible view of the relationships between the fields: \n\nMuch of molecular biology is quantitative, and recently much work has been done at its interface with computer science in bioinformatics and computational biology. In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology. Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules, either directly studying interactions in their own right such as in cell biology and developmental biology, or indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species, as in fields in evolutionary biology such as population genetics and phylogenetics. There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics.", "qas": [{"question": "Molecular biology what is the article about?", "answers": [{"text": "Molecular biology", "answer_span": "Molecular biology concerns ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Molecular biology", "answer_span": "Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between DNA, RNA", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "molecular biology", "answer_span": "Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell, ", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "Molecular biology", "answer_span": "Molecular biology", "answer_start": 0}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Molecular biology", "answer_span": "Molecular biology concerns ", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it quantitative?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative, ", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative", "answer_start": 677}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative, ", "answer_start": 677}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is molecular biology?", "answers": [{"text": "concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cel", "answer_span": "concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cel", "answer_start": 18}, {"text": "Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell as well as the regulation of these interactions", "answer_span": "Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell, including the interactions between DNA, RNA, and proteins and their biosynthesis, as well as the regulation of these interactions", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell", "answer_span": "Molecular biology concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell", "answer_span": "the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cell", "answer_start": 27}], "orig_answer": {"text": "concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cel", "answer_span": "concerns the molecular basis of biological activity between biomolecules in the various systems of a cel", "answer_start": 18}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "who is mentioned as describing it?", "answers": [{"text": "William Astbury", "answer_span": "Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury", "answer_start": 268}, {"text": "William Astbury", "answer_span": "Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology as", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "William Astbury", "answer_span": " Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology as: ", "answer_start": 255}, {"text": "William Astbury", "answer_span": "William Astbury", "answer_start": 285}], "orig_answer": {"text": "William Astbury", "answer_span": "Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury", "answer_start": 268}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when?", "answers": [{"text": "1961", "answer_span": "Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "1961", "answer_span": " Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology as: ", "answer_start": 255}, {"text": "1961", "answer_span": " Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology as: ", "answer_start": 255}, {"text": "1961", "answer_span": "1961", "answer_start": 279}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1961", "answer_span": "Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961", "answer_start": 256}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in?", "answers": [{"text": "\"Nature", "answer_span": "Writing in \"Nature", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "Nature", "answer_span": "Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology as: ", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "\"Nature\"", "answer_span": " Writing in \"Nature\" in 1961, William Astbury described molecular biology ", "answer_start": 255}, {"text": "\"Nature\"", "answer_span": "\"Nature\"", "answer_start": 267}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"Nature", "answer_span": "Writing in \"Nature", "answer_start": 256}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "do the researchers use general techniques or specific?", "answers": [{"text": "specific", "answer_span": "use specific techniques ", "answer_start": 368}, {"text": "specific", "answer_span": "Researchers in molecular biology use specific techniques", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "specific", "answer_span": "Researchers in molecular biology use specific techniques", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "specific", "answer_span": "specific", "answer_start": 372}], "orig_answer": {"text": "specific", "answer_span": "use specific techniques ", "answer_start": 368}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what do they combine them with?", "answers": [{"text": "techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry.", "answer_span": "ombine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry.", "answer_start": 438}, {"text": "techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry.", "answer_span": "y but increasingly combine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry.", "answer_start": 418}, {"text": "techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry", "answer_span": "increasingly combine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry", "answer_start": 424}, {"text": "techniques from genetics and biochemistry", "answer_span": "techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry", "answer_start": 456}], "orig_answer": {"text": "techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry.", "answer_span": "ombine these with techniques and ideas from genetics and biochemistry.", "answer_start": 438}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "when was the study of gene carried out?", "answers": [{"text": ". In the early 2000s", "answer_span": ". In the early 2000s, the study of gene", "answer_start": 839}, {"text": "early 2000s", "answer_span": "In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology.", "answer_start": 841}, {"text": "In the early 2000s", "answer_span": " In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology.", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "the early 2000s", "answer_span": " the early 2000s", "answer_start": 843}], "orig_answer": {"text": ". In the early 2000s", "answer_span": ". In the early 2000s, the study of gene", "answer_start": 839}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does biology focus on?", "answers": [{"text": "molecules", "answer_span": " biology focus on molecules", "answer_start": 1022}, {"text": "molecules", "answer_span": " Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules", "answer_start": 989}, {"text": "molecules", "answer_span": " Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules", "answer_start": 989}, {"text": "molecules", "answer_span": "molecules", "answer_start": 1040}], "orig_answer": {"text": "molecules", "answer_span": " biology focus on molecules", "answer_start": 1022}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "how?", "answers": [{"text": "either directly studying interactions in their own right", "answer_span": "either directly studying interactions in their own right ", "answer_start": 1051}, {"text": "directly or indirectly", "answer_span": "either directly studying interactions in their own right such as in cell biology and developmental biology, or indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species,", "answer_start": 1051}, {"text": "either directly or indirectly", "answer_span": "Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules, either directly studying interactions in their own right such as in cell biology and developmental biology, or indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_start": 990}, {"text": "directly studying interactions in their own right such as in cell biology and developmental biology", "answer_span": "directly studying interactions in their own right such as in cell biology and developmental biology", "answer_start": 1058}], "orig_answer": {"text": "either directly studying interactions in their own right", "answer_span": "either directly studying interactions in their own right ", "answer_start": 1051}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "or?", "answers": [{"text": "indirectly", "answer_span": "indirectly", "answer_start": 1162}, {"text": "indirectly", "answer_span": "indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species, as in fields in evolutionary biology such as population genetics and phylogenetics.", "answer_start": 1162}, {"text": "indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_span": "Increasingly many other areas of biology focus on molecules, either directly studying interactions in their own right such as in cell biology and developmental biology, or indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_start": 990}, {"text": "where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_span": "where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_start": 1174}], "orig_answer": {"text": "indirectly", "answer_span": "indirectly", "answer_start": 1162}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what happens indirectly?", "answers": [{"text": "molecular techniques are used", "answer_span": "molecular techniques are used", "answer_start": 1180}, {"text": "molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_span": " or indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species, as in fields in evolutionary biology such as population genetics and phylogenetics.", "answer_start": 1158}, {"text": "molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_span": " indirectly, where molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species, as in fields in evolutionary biology such as population genetics and phylogenetics.", "answer_start": 1161}, {"text": "molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_span": "molecular techniques are used to infer historical attributes of populations or species", "answer_start": 1180}], "orig_answer": {"text": "molecular techniques are used", "answer_span": "molecular techniques are used", "answer_start": 1180}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "has there been a tradition used?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1373}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules", "answer_start": 1351}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics.", "answer_start": 1351}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1373}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "and has it been used for long?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics.", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " long tradition ", "answer_start": 1367}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules", "answer_start": 1352}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what does the tradition study?", "answers": [{"text": "biomolecules", "answer_span": "studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics.", "answer_start": 1386}, {"text": "biomolecules", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics.", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "biomolecules", "answer_span": " biomolecules", "answer_start": 1394}], "orig_answer": {"text": "biomolecules", "answer_span": "studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics.", "answer_start": 1386}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "in what way?", "answers": [{"text": "from the ground up", "answer_span": "biomolecules \"from the ground up", "answer_start": 1395}, {"text": "from the ground up", "answer_span": " There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1351}, {"text": "from the ground up", "answer_span": "There is also a long tradition of studying biomolecules \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1352}, {"text": "\"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_span": " \"from the ground up\" in biophysics", "answer_start": 1407}], "orig_answer": {"text": "from the ground up", "answer_span": "biomolecules \"from the ground up", "answer_start": 1395}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "was the 2000 study prominent?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": "has been among the most prominent sub-fields", "answer_start": 923}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "y. In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 838}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "n the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology.", "answer_start": 842}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 840}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "has been among the most prominent sub-fields", "answer_start": 923}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "as what?", "answers": [{"text": "sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_span": "most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 942}, {"text": "sub-field of molecular biology", "answer_span": " In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 840}, {"text": "sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_span": "In the early 2000s, the study of gene structure and function, molecular genetics, has been among the most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 841}, {"text": "sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_span": "sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 957}], "orig_answer": {"text": "sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_span": "most prominent sub-fields of molecular biology", "answer_start": 942}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "has computer science been used?", "answers": [{"text": "yes", "answer_span": " much work has been done at its interface with computer science ", "answer_start": 732}, {"text": "Yed", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative, and recently much work has been done at its interface with computer science in bioinformatics and computational biology", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Much of molecular biology is quantitative, and recently much work has been done at its interface with computer science in bioinformatics and computational biology.", "answer_start": 677}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "s interface with computer science in bioinformatics and computational biology", "answer_start": 762}], "orig_answer": {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " much work has been done at its interface with computer science ", "answer_start": 732}, "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "31lm9edvols7sovvly6ni7grsxbjn1"}], "section_title": "Molecular biology", "background": "Molecular biology", "title": "Molecular biology"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch), which has a frequency of 440 Hz, is the musical note of A above middle C and serves as a general tuning standard for musical pitch. \n\nThe International Organization for Standardization classify it as ISO 16. Prior to the standardization on 440 Hz, other frequencies were standardised upon. Although not universally accepted, it serves as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. \n\nPrior to the standardization on 440\u00a0Hz, many countries and organizations followed the French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz, which had also been the Austrian government's 1885 recommendation. Johann Heinrich Scheibler recommended A440 as a standard in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch, and it was approved by the the same year. \n\nThe American music industry reached an informal standard of 440\u00a0Hz in 1926, and some began using it in instrument manufacturing. In 1936 the American Standards Association recommended that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz. This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955 (reaffirmed by them in 1975) as ISO 16. Although not universally accepted, since then it has served as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments.", "qas": [{"question": "A440 (pitch standard) What entity standardized A4 on 440 Hertz?", "answers": [{"text": "International Organization for Standardization", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 195", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "American Standards Association", "answer_span": "n 1936 the American Standards Association recommended that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 1011}, {"text": "The International Organization for Standardization", "answer_span": "The International Organization for Standardization", "answer_start": 182}, {"text": "The International Organization for Standardization", "answer_span": "The International Organization for Standardization classify it as ISO 16", "answer_start": 182}], "orig_answer": {"text": "International Organization for Standardization", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 195", "answer_start": 1111}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What do they classify it as?", "answers": [{"text": "ISO 16", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955 (reaffirmed by them in 1975) as ISO 16", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "ISO 16", "answer_span": "The International Organization for Standardization classify it as ISO 16", "answer_start": 182}, {"text": "ISO 16", "answer_span": " ISO 16", "answer_start": 247}, {"text": "ISO 16", "answer_span": "classify it as ISO 16", "answer_start": 233}], "orig_answer": {"text": "ISO 16", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955 (reaffirmed by them in 1975) as ISO 16", "answer_start": 1111}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Was A4 always standardized at 440 Hertz?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "Prior to the standardization on 440 Hz, other frequencies were standardised upon", "answer_start": 256}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Prior to the standardization on 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 526}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": " other frequencies were standardised upon", "answer_start": 295}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Prior to the standardization on 440 Hz, other frequencies were standardised upon", "answer_start": 256}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Prior to the standardization on 440 Hz, other frequencies were standardised upon", "answer_start": 256}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is one instrument A4 is used to tune?", "answers": [{"text": "pianos", "answer_span": "it serves as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. ", "answer_start": 373}, {"text": "pianos", "answer_span": "it has served as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments", "answer_start": 1286}, {"text": "pianos", "answer_span": "pianos", "answer_start": 1393}, {"text": "piano", "answer_span": " for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos,", "answer_start": 1332}], "orig_answer": {"text": "pianos", "answer_span": "it serves as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. ", "answer_start": 373}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "And another?", "answers": [{"text": "violins", "answer_span": "calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. ", "answer_start": 424}, {"text": "violins", "answer_span": "tuning of pianos, violins", "answer_start": 1383}, {"text": "violins", "answer_span": "violins", "answer_start": 1401}, {"text": "\\ violins", "answer_span": "pianos, violins", "answer_start": 1393}], "orig_answer": {"text": "violins", "answer_span": "calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. ", "answer_start": 424}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Do they mention tuning guitars?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "n. Although not universally accepted, it serves as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. ", "answer_start": 335}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments.", "answer_start": 436}, {"text": "NO", "answer_span": "other musical instruments", "answer_start": 1414}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "pianos, violins, and other musical instruments.", "answer_start": 476}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "n. Although not universally accepted, it serves as the audio frequency reference for the calibration of acoustic equipment and the tuning of pianos, violins, and other musical instruments. ", "answer_start": 335}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What is A4 also called?", "answers": [{"text": "A440", "answer_span": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch),", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": " A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 7}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A440", "answer_span": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch),", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Or what else?", "answers": [{"text": "Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "A440", "answer_span": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": "(also known as the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 11}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Stuttgart pitch", "answer_span": "A440 or A4 (also known as the Stuttgart pitch", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What note is it?", "answers": [{"text": "A above middle C", "answer_span": "is the musical note of A above middle C", "answer_start": 81}, {"text": "A above middle C", "answer_span": "which has a frequency of 440 Hz, is the musical note of A above middle C", "answer_start": 48}, {"text": "A", "answer_span": "A", "answer_start": 104}, {"text": "A above middle C", "answer_span": "is the musical note of A above middle C", "answer_start": 81}], "orig_answer": {"text": "A above middle C", "answer_span": "is the musical note of A above middle C", "answer_start": 81}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "In the 1920s, did the American music companies have A4 as an official standard?", "answers": [{"text": "no", "answer_span": "The American music industry reached an informal standard of 440\u00a0Hz in 1926, ", "answer_start": 881}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "The American music industry reached an informal standard of 440\u00a0Hz in 1926, and some began using it in instrument manufacturing.", "answer_start": 881}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "standard of 440\u00a0Hz in 1926", "answer_start": 929}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " reached an informal standard of 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 908}], "orig_answer": {"text": "no", "answer_span": "The American music industry reached an informal standard of 440\u00a0Hz in 1926, ", "answer_start": 881}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Who made a recommendation in 1936?", "answers": [{"text": "the American Standards Association", "answer_span": "In 1936 the American Standards Association recommended", "answer_start": 1010}, {"text": "the American Standards Association", "answer_span": "In 1936 the American Standards Association recommended that the A above middle C", "answer_start": 1010}, {"text": "the American Standards Association", "answer_span": "the American Standards Association ", "answer_start": 1018}, {"text": "the American Standards Association", "answer_span": " In 1936 the American Standards Association ", "answer_start": 1009}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the American Standards Association", "answer_span": "In 1936 the American Standards Association recommended", "answer_start": 1010}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did they recommend?", "answers": [{"text": "that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz.", "answer_span": "that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz.", "answer_start": 1065}, {"text": "that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_span": "In 1936 the American Standards Association recommended that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 1010}, {"text": "the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_span": "the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 1070}, {"text": "that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_span": " that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 1064}], "orig_answer": {"text": "that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz.", "answer_span": "that the A above middle C be tuned to 440\u00a0Hz.", "answer_start": 1065}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What happened in 1955?", "answers": [{"text": "it was used by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955", "answer_span": "his standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955 ", "answer_start": 1112}, {"text": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "This standard was taken up", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955", "answer_start": 1111}], "orig_answer": {"text": "it was used by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955", "answer_span": "his standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization in 1955 ", "answer_start": 1112}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#13", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did they reiterate their support for A4?", "answers": [{"text": "1975", "answer_span": "(reaffirmed by them in 1975)", "answer_start": 1200}, {"text": "1975", "answer_span": "in 1955 (reaffirmed by them in 1975)", "answer_start": 1192}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "This standard was taken up by the International Organization for Standardization", "answer_start": 1111}, {"text": "1975", "answer_span": " (reaffirmed by them in 1975) ", "answer_start": 1199}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1975", "answer_span": "(reaffirmed by them in 1975)", "answer_start": 1200}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#14", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does everyone agree with the standard?", "answers": [{"text": ". no", "answer_span": ". Although not universally accepted, since then ", "answer_start": 1238}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Although not universally accepted", "answer_start": 1240}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "Although not universally accepted", "answer_start": 1240}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "Although not universally accepted", "answer_start": 1240}], "orig_answer": {"text": ". no", "answer_span": ". Although not universally accepted, since then ", "answer_start": 1238}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#15", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did Scheibler invent?", "answers": [{"text": "the tonometer", "answer_span": "ohann Heinrich Scheibler recommended A440 as a standard in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch, and it was approved by the the same year.", "answer_start": 723}, {"text": "tonometer", "answer_span": "Johann Heinrich Scheibler recommended A440 as a standard in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\"", "answer_start": 722}, {"text": "the \"tonometer\"", "answer_span": " the \"tonometer\"", "answer_start": 802}, {"text": "tonometer", "answer_span": "Heinrich Scheibler recommended A440 as a standard in 1834 after inventing the \"tonomete", "answer_start": 729}], "orig_answer": {"text": "the tonometer", "answer_span": "ohann Heinrich Scheibler recommended A440 as a standard in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch, and it was approved by the the same year.", "answer_start": 723}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#16", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What did it do?", "answers": [{"text": "measure pitch,", "answer_span": "the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch,", "answer_start": 803}, {"text": "measure pitch", "answer_span": "the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch", "answer_start": 803}, {"text": "measure pitch", "answer_span": "measure pitch", "answer_start": 822}, {"text": "measure pitch", "answer_span": "the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch", "answer_start": 803}], "orig_answer": {"text": "measure pitch,", "answer_span": "the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch,", "answer_start": 803}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#17", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "When did he create it?", "answers": [{"text": "1834", "answer_span": "d in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch, and it was approved by the the same ye", "answer_start": 777}, {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to ", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "1834", "answer_start": 782}, {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "a standard in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch, and it was approved by the the same year. ", "answer_start": 768}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1834", "answer_span": "d in 1834 after inventing the \"tonometer\" to measure pitch, and it was approved by the the same ye", "answer_start": 777}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#18", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "How many Hertz was the French standard?", "answers": [{"text": "435\u00a0Hz, w", "answer_span": " the French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz, w", "answer_start": 607}, {"text": "435", "answer_span": "French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz,", "answer_start": 612}, {"text": "435", "answer_span": "435", "answer_start": 647}, {"text": "435", "answer_span": "French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 612}], "orig_answer": {"text": "435\u00a0Hz, w", "answer_span": " the French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz, w", "answer_start": 607}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#19", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Since when?", "answers": [{"text": "1860", "answer_span": "the French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 608}, {"text": "the 1860s", "answer_span": "French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 612}, {"text": "the 1860s", "answer_span": " the 1860s", "answer_start": 633}, {"text": "1885", "answer_span": "1885 recommendation", "answer_start": 701}], "orig_answer": {"text": "1860", "answer_span": "the French standard since the 1860s of 435\u00a0Hz", "answer_start": 608}, "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv_q#20", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3o7l7bfshep737ycahi4gj7i1qleiv"}], "section_title": "A440 (pitch standard)", "background": "A440 (pitch standard)", "title": "A440 (pitch standard)"}, {"paragraphs": [{"context": "Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\"), officially the City of Las Vegas and often known simply as Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada, and the county seat of Clark County. The city anchors the Las Vegas Valley metropolitan area and is the largest city within the greater Mojave Desert. Las Vegas is an internationally renowned major resort city, known primarily for its gambling, shopping, fine dining, entertainment, and nightlife. The Las Vegas Valley as a whole serves as the leading financial, commercial, and cultural center for Nevada. \n\nThe city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino\u2013hotels and associated activities. It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions and a global leader in the hospitality industry, claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world. Today, Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations. The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City, and has made Las Vegas a popular setting for literature, films, television programs, and music videos.", "qas": [{"question": "Las Vegas what does Las Vegas mean?", "answers": [{"text": "\"The Meadows\"", "answer_span": "Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\")", "answer_start": 0}, {"text": "\"The Meadows\"", "answer_span": "\"The Meadows\"", "answer_start": 25}, {"text": "The Meadows", "answer_span": "The Meadows", "answer_start": 26}, {"text": "The Meadows", "answer_span": "The Meadows", "answer_start": 26}], "orig_answer": {"text": "\"The Meadows\"", "answer_span": "Las Vegas (, Spanish for \"The Meadows\")", "answer_start": 0}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#1", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "What does the city advertise itself as?", "answers": [{"text": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_span": "The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_span": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_start": 643}, {"text": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_span": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_start": 643}, {"text": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_span": " The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_start": 642}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_span": "The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World", "answer_start": 618}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#2", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "does it also have a more adult nickname?", "answers": [{"text": "Sin City", "answer_span": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City", "answer_start": 1037}, {"text": "Vegas", "answer_span": "Vegas", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "Sin City", "answer_span": "Sin City", "answer_start": 1123}, {"text": "Sin City", "answer_span": " Sin City", "answer_start": 1122}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Sin City", "answer_span": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City", "answer_start": 1037}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#3", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is it famous for?", "answers": [{"text": "mega casino\u2013hotel", "answer_span": "The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino\u2013hotel", "answer_start": 618}, {"text": "mega casino\u2013hotels and associated activities", "answer_span": "mega casino\u2013hotels and associated activities", "answer_start": 705}, {"text": "its gambling", "answer_span": "its gambling", "answer_start": 440}, {"text": "its gambling", "answer_span": "its gambling", "answer_start": 440}], "orig_answer": {"text": "mega casino\u2013hotel", "answer_span": "The city bills itself as The Entertainment Capital of the World, and is famous for its mega casino\u2013hotel", "answer_start": 618}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#4", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a popular spot for business meetings?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions", "answer_start": 750}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "a top three destination in the United States for business conventions ", "answer_start": 757}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " for business conventions", "answer_start": 801}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "top three destination", "answer_start": 759}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": " It is a top three destination in the United States for business conventions", "answer_start": 750}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#5", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Does it have many Five Diamond hotels?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world", "answer_start": 876}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world", "answer_start": 885}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": " more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world.", "answer_start": 884}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city", "answer_start": 885}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "claiming more AAA Five Diamond hotels than any other city in the world", "answer_start": 876}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#6", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it a popular tourist desination?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "answer_start": 955}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "ne of the world's most visited tourist destinations", "answer_start": 984}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "world's most visited tourist destinations", "answer_start": 994}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "major resort city,", "answer_start": 401}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "Las Vegas annually ranks as one of the world's most visited tourist destinations.", "answer_start": 955}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#7", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "where does the nickname \"Sin City\" come from?", "answers": [{"text": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_span": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City", "answer_start": 1037}, {"text": "tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_span": "tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_start": 1048}, {"text": "city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_span": "city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_start": 1041}, {"text": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_span": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_start": 1037}], "orig_answer": {"text": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment", "answer_span": "The city's tolerance for numerous forms of adult entertainment earned it the title of Sin City", "answer_start": 1037}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#8", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Which state is it in?", "answers": [{"text": "Nevada", "answer_span": "Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada", "answer_start": 100}, {"text": "Nevada", "answer_span": "Nevada", "answer_start": 201}, {"text": "Nevada,", "answer_span": "Nevada,", "answer_start": 201}, {"text": "Nevada", "answer_span": "Nevada", "answer_start": 201}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Nevada", "answer_span": "Vegas, is the 28th-most populated city in the United States, the most populated city in the state of Nevada", "answer_start": 100}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#9", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "Is it located in a desert?", "answers": [{"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "within the greater Mojave Desert", "answer_start": 326}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Mojave Desert", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "yes", "answer_span": "Mojave Desert", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "greater Mojave Desert", "answer_start": 337}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Yes", "answer_span": "within the greater Mojave Desert", "answer_start": 326}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#10", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "what is the name of the desert?", "answers": [{"text": "Mojave Desert.", "answer_span": "Mojave Desert.", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "Mojave Desert", "answer_span": "Mojave Desert", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "Mojave Desert.", "answer_span": "Mojave Desert. ", "answer_start": 345}, {"text": "Mojave", "answer_span": "Mojave", "answer_start": 345}], "orig_answer": {"text": "Mojave Desert.", "answer_span": "Mojave Desert.", "answer_start": 345}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#11", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}, {"question": "is it a small city?", "answers": [{"text": "No", "answer_span": "the most populated city in the state of Nevada", "answer_start": 161}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": "the largest city ", "answer_start": 309}, {"text": "no", "answer_span": " major resort city", "answer_start": 400}, {"text": "No", "answer_span": "28th-most populated city", "answer_start": 114}], "orig_answer": {"text": "No", "answer_span": "the most populated city in the state of Nevada", "answer_start": 161}, "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90_q#12", "followup": "m", "yesno": "x"}], "id": "3ixqg4fa2tygl3tpwwa12i2uf58b90"}], "section_title": "Las Vegas", "background": "Las Vegas", "title": "Las Vegas"}]}